treatments-xml/data/0E/01/9B/0E019B5F8B2253E6A3EBE1D1F749A548.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dd81d919-f6d9-4fda-bbd1-7c45de307fc2" ID-PMC="PMC8863766" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1086-33" ID-Pensoft-UUID="43AFBD7D61105F598ADA74076D751C11" ID-PubMed="35210912" ID-ZooBank="6C32148CA0144AC488EA82A1509E44F8" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1086-33" checkinTime="1644966834654" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pall-Gergely, Barna, Hunyadi, Andras, Meng, Kaibaryer &amp; Fekete, Judit" docDate="2022" docId="0E019B5F8B2253E6A3EBE1D1F749A548" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1086: 33-76" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1086" docPubDate="2022-02-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408" docTitle="Cathaica (Cathaica) bizonalis Chen &amp; Zhang 2004" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="43AFBD7D61105F598ADA74076D751C11" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="43AFBD7D61105F598ADA74076D751C11" masterDocTitle="A review of the genus Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae)" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1668151486723" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A review of the genus Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Pall-Gergely, Barna</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6167-7221</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, Eoetvoes Lorand Research Network, Herman Otto ut 15, H- 1022, Budapest, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">pallgergely2@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Hunyadi, Andras</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Adria setany 10 G 2 / 5., Budapest 1148, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Meng, Kaibaryer</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>National Zoological Museum of China, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Fekete, Judit</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>University of Pannonia, Centre of Natural Science, Research Group of Limnology, H- 8200 Veszprem, Egyetem u. 10, Hungary &amp; Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Department of Tisza Research, 18 / c Bem square, H- 4026 Debrecen, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-02-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number>1086</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193377834" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E019B5F8B2253E6A3EBE1D1F749A548" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E019B5F8B2253E6A3EBE1D1F749A548" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0E019B5F-8B22-53E6-A3EB-E1D1F749A548" authority="Chen &amp; Zhang, 2004" authorityName="Chen &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2004" class="Gastropoda" family="Bradybaenidae" genus="Cathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cathaica (Cathaica) bizonalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bizonalis" subGenus="Cathaica">Cathaica (Cathaica) bizonalis Chen &amp; Zhang, 2004</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Paratypes of Cathaica (Cathaica) bizonalis Chen &amp; Zhang, 2004 A IZCAS TM 097593 B IZCAS TM 097600. Scale bar: 10 mm. Photographs: Kaibaryer Meng." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/646376" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chen &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2004" class="Gastropoda" family="Bradybaenidae" genus="Cathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cathaica (Cathaica) bizonalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bizonalis" subGenus="Cathaica">Cathaica (Cathaica) bizonalis</taxonomicName>
Chen &amp; Zhang, 2004: 238 [Chinese description], fig. 219 (erroneous figure showing 
<taxonomicName family="Bradybaenidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. carinalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="carinalis">L. carinalis</taxonomicName>
specimen); 439 [English description].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<normalizedToken originalValue="陕西洛川县黑木沟">陕西洛川县黑木沟</normalizedToken>
. &quot;Hemugou twon [sic!], Luochuan County (
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="7" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="35.116665">35°7'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="109.066666">109°04'E</geoCoordinate>
), Shaanxi Province&quot;.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<bibRefCitation author="Chen, D-N" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" refId="B4" refString="Chen, D-N, Zhang, G-Q, 2004. Fauna Sinica Invertebrata Vol. 37 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bradybaenidae). Science Press, Beijing" title="Fauna Sinica Invertebrata Vol. 37 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bradybaenidae)." year="2004">Chen and Zhang (2004)</bibRefCitation>
described two species relevant for the present study: 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chen &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2004" class="Gastropoda" family="Bradybaenidae" genus="Cathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cathaica (Cathaica) bizonalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bizonalis" subGenus="Cathaica">Cathaica (Cathaica) bizonalis</taxonomicName>
Chen &amp; Zhang, 2004 and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chen &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2004" class="Gastropoda" family="Bradybaenidae" genus="Laeocathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeocathaica carinalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carinalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Laeocathaica carinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Chen &amp; Zhang, 2004. According to the original description of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chen &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2004" class="Gastropoda" family="Bradybaenidae" genus="Cathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cathaica bizonalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bizonalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Cathaica bizonalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(page 238 for Chinese, page 439 for English description), it is a dextral species characterised by a keel and two spiral bands (one above and one below the keel), and it is known from Shaanxi Province. The accompanying figure (
<bibRefCitation author="Chen, D-N" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" refId="B4" refString="Chen, D-N, Zhang, G-Q, 2004. Fauna Sinica Invertebrata Vol. 37 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bradybaenidae). Science Press, Beijing" title="Fauna Sinica Invertebrata Vol. 37 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bradybaenidae)." year="2004">Chen and Zhang 2004</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 219), however, shows a sinistral 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Bradybaenidae" genus="Laeocathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeocathaica" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Laeocathaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, identified here as 
<taxonomicName family="Bradybaenidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="L. carinalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="carinalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">L. carinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
According to the original description of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chen &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2004" class="Gastropoda" family="Bradybaenidae" genus="Laeocathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeocathaica carinalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carinalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Laeocathaica carinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, that species is characterised by a sinistral, strongly depressed, keeled shell with a broad umbilicus. However, the provided photo (
<bibRefCitation author="Chen, D-N" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" refId="B4" refString="Chen, D-N, Zhang, G-Q, 2004. Fauna Sinica Invertebrata Vol. 37 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bradybaenidae). Science Press, Beijing" title="Fauna Sinica Invertebrata Vol. 37 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bradybaenidae)." year="2004">Chen and Zhang 2004</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 334) shows a sinistral juvenile shell of probably a 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Bradybaenidae" genus="Laeocathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeocathaica" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Laeocathaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with blunt keel and narrow umbilicus.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/646376" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figure 1.</emphasis>
Paratypes of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chen &amp; Zhang" authorityYear="2004" class="Gastropoda" family="Bradybaenidae" genus="Cathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cathaica (Cathaica) bizonalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bizonalis" subGenus="Cathaica">Cathaica (Cathaica) bizonalis</taxonomicName>
Chen &amp; Zhang, 2004 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
IZCAS TM 097593 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
IZCAS TM 097600. Scale bar: 10 mm. Photographs: Kaibaryer Meng.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/646377" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Distribution of the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1899" class="Gastropoda" family="Bradybaenidae" genus="Laeocathaica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laeocathaica" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Laeocathaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in China 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
see Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Distribution of Laeocathaica amdoana Moellendorff, 1899 in China (detail from Fig. 2 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/646383" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">8</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Distribution of Laeocathaica species in China (detail from Fig. 2 A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/646386" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">11</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Distribution of Laeocathaica species in China (A in Fig. 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/646392" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">17</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Distribution of Laeocathaica species in China (A in Fig. 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/646399" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">24</figureCitation>
for details 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
see Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Distribution of Laeocathaica species in China (B in Fig. 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/646389" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">14</figureCitation>
for detail.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Examining the specimens deposited in IZCAS revealed the following:</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">The shell labelled as the holotype of Cathaica bizonalis is a dextral, juvenile shell.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A jar labelled as paratypes of Cathaica bizonalis (IZCAS TM 006579-006595) contains several probably conspecific juvenile specimens in ethanol.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Another jar labelled as paratypes of Cathaica bizonalis (IZCAS TM 097575-097587) contained 13 dry adult shells of a Laeocathaica carinalis (sinistral, strongly keeled species).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Among those shells (IZCAS TM 097575-097587), specimen IZCAS TM 097578 is exactly the same shell as in fig. 219 of Chen and Zhang (2004).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A jar labelled as paratypes of Laeocathaica carinalis (IZCAS TM 006612-006625) contained several adult specimens of L. carinalis in ethanol.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Another jar labelled as paratypes of Laeocathaica carinalis (IZCAS TM 097588-097602) contained several dry adult shells of Cathaica bizonalis (two of them figured in this work, see Fig. 1). This clearly shows that shells of the above taxa have been confused even before the publication. As a result, not only were the different samples mixed up with the labels in the collection, but also in the original descriptions.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
Based on 
<bibRefCitation author="Chen, D-N" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" refId="B4" refString="Chen, D-N, Zhang, G-Q, 2004. Fauna Sinica Invertebrata Vol. 37 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bradybaenidae). Science Press, Beijing" title="Fauna Sinica Invertebrata Vol. 37 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bradybaenidae)." year="2004">Chen and Zhang (2004)</bibRefCitation>
and the examination of the specimens deposited in IZCAS, we conclude the following:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Fig. 219 in Chen and Zhang (2004) shows the holotype of Laeocathaica carinalis Chen &amp; Zhang, 2004 instead of Cathaica bizonalis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Fig. 334 in Chen and Zhang (2004) shows an unidentifiable juvenile Laeocathaica species, and not Laeocathaica carinalis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">A holotype was designated in the original description of Cathaica bizonalis, so a lectotype cannot be chosen later. The holotype cannot be located because there is no photograph in the original description, and because the paratypes are of similar size (i.e., the given measurements of the holotype are insufficient to recognize the shell). So, we treat it as lost (perhaps in the lot of paratypes). Since all the paratypes belong to one single species, and are consistent with the original description, we know what the authors intended by the taxon, so designation of a neotype is not needed.</paragraph>
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