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<mods:title id="3DF791759E345A95ED208C6EAD02C13F">Taxonomic notes on some Brazilian species of Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888, with new records and description of a new species (Decapoda, Alpheidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="0A4A87CCFFBEFF9BFF3EF9AEFE65AE32" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5099536" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119431971" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5099536" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A4A87CCFFBEFF9BFF3EF9AEFE65AE32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A4A87CCFFBEFF9BFF3EF9AEFE65AE32" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="226" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">
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<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBEFF98FF3EF9AEFD80AD64" blockId="8.[151,615,1560,1619]" box="[151,615,1560,1586]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">
<heading id="D91481B6FFBEFF98FF3EF9AEFD80AD64" bold="true" box="[151,615,1560,1586]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBEFF98FF3EF9AEFD80AD64" ID-CoL="85YZC" authority="Coutiere, 1909" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,615,1560,1586]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBEFF98FF3EF9AEFD80AD64" bold="true" box="[151,615,1560,1586]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBEFF98FF3EF9AEFE4EAD64" bold="true" box="[151,425,1560,1586]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">Synalpheus tenuispina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FE19F9AEFD80AD64" author="Coutiere" box="[432,615,1560,1586]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Coutiere, H. (1909) The American species of snapping shrimps of the genus Synalpheus. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 36, 1 - 93. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.36 - 1659.1" type="journal article" year="1909">Coutière, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBEFF98FF3EF98CFEF5AD05" blockId="8.[151,615,1560,1619]" box="[151,274,1594,1619]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">
(
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBEFF98FF36F98CFF0AAD05" box="[159,237,1594,1619]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBEFF98FF53F98CFEEEAD05" box="[250,265,1594,1619]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[161,1418,202,898]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,914]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—major (left) cheliped, lateral; B—same, chela, mesial; C—minor (right) cheliped, lateral; D—same, carpus and chela, mesial." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227602/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">6</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CAF96551FFBEFF98FF3EF935FA71ADA2" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBEFF98FF3EF935FE19ADE1" blockId="8.[151,1437,1667,1781]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A2F311F4FFBEFF98FF3EF935FE19ADE1" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBEFF98FF3EF935FD74ADCF" ID-CoL="85YZC" authority="Coutiere 1909: 26" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityPageNumber="26" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,659,1667,1689]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="latastei" subSpecies="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBEFF98FF3EF935FE28ADCF" box="[151,463,1667,1689]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">Synalpheus latastei tenuispina</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="034210CBFFBEFF98FE7FF935FD74ADCF" author="Coutiere" box="[470,659,1667,1689]" page="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FE7FF935FD8BADCF" author="Coutiere" box="[470,620,1667,1689]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Coutiere, H. (1909) The American species of snapping shrimps of the genus Synalpheus. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 36, 1 - 93. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.36 - 1659.1" type="journal article" year="1909">Coutière 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 26
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 8;
<treatmentCitation id="034210CBFFBEFF98FD4FF935FC6CADCF" author="Chace" box="[742,907,1667,1689]" page="93" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FD4FF935FC84ADCF" author="Chace" box="[742,867,1667,1689]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Chace, F. A. Jr. (1972) The shrimps of the Smithsonian-Bredin Caribbean expeditions with a summary of West Indian shallowwater species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 98, 1 - 179. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.98" type="journal article" year="1972">Chace 1972</bibRefCitation>
: 93
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="034210CBFFBEFF98FC3EF935FB5AADCF" author="Coelho" box="[919,1213,1667,1689]" page="150" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" year="1972">
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FC3EF935FB6EADCF" author="Coelho" box="[919,1161,1667,1689]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Coelho, P. A. &amp; Ramos, M. A. (1972) A constituicao e a distribuicao da fauna de decapodos do litoral leste da America do Sul entre as latitudes de 5 ° N e 39 ° S. Trabalhos Oceanograficos da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 13, 133 - 236." type="journal article" year="1972">Coelho &amp; Ramos 1972</bibRefCitation>
: 150
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="034210CBFFBEFF98FB60F935FF17ADE1" author="Christoffersen" page="171" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FB60F935FA7FADCF" author="Christoffersen" box="[1225,1432,1667,1689]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Christoffersen, M. L. (1980) Taxonomia e distribuicao geografica dos Alpheoidea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia) do Brasil, Uruguai e norte da Argentina, incluindo consideracoes sobre a divisao do sul do continente em provincias biogeograficas marinhas. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Sao Paulo, 467 pp." type="book" year="1980">Christoffersen 1980</bibRefCitation>
: 171
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="034210CBFFBEFF98FF53F917FE1DADE1" author="Christoffersen" box="[250,506,1697,1719]" page="362" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FF53F917FE2FADE1" author="Christoffersen" box="[250,456,1697,1719]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Christoffersen, M. L (1998) Malacostraca. Eucarida. Caridea, Crangonoidea and Alpheoidea (except Glyphocrangonidae and Crangonidae). In: Young, P. S. (Ed.), Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. pp. 351 - 372." type="book chapter" year="1998">Christoffersen 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 362
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBEFF98FF3EF976FA71ADA2" blockId="8.[151,1437,1667,1781]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">
(?)
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBEFF98FF10F976FDE3AD80" box="[185,516,1728,1750]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBEFF98FF10F976FE99AD80" ID-CoL="85YX8" box="[185,382,1728,1750]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latastei">Synalpheus latastei</taxonomicName>
tenuispina—
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FDADF976FD9BAD80" author="Abele" box="[516,636,1728,1750]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Abele, L. G. (1976) Comparative species composition and relative abundance of decapod crustaceans in marine habitats of Panama. Marine Biology, 38, 263 - 278. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / bf 00388939" type="journal article" year="1976">Abele 1976</bibRefCitation>
: 273;
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FD13F976FC07AD80" author="Martinez-Iglesias" box="[698,992,1728,1750]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Martinez-Iglesias, J. C., Gomez, O., Carvacho, A. &amp; Rios, R. (1993) Nuevos registros de crustaceos decapodos (Crustacea: Decapoda) en la plataforma marina de Cuba. Avicennia, 0, 9 - 13." type="book chapter" year="1993">
Martínez-Iglesias
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBEFF98FCD8F977FC42AD80" box="[881,933,1728,1750]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">et al.</emphasis>
1993
</bibRefCitation>
: 12;
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FBB8F976FAD0AD80" author="Martinez-Iglesias" box="[1041,1335,1728,1750]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Martinez-Iglesias, J. C., Carvacho, A. &amp; Rios, R. (1996) Catalogo de los carideos marinos (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) de las aguas someras de Cuba. Avicennia, 4 / 5, 27 - 40." type="journal article" year="1996">
Martínez-Iglesias
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBEFF98FB61F977FB1BAD80" box="[1224,1276,1728,1750]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">et al.</emphasis>
1996
</bibRefCitation>
: 35.
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBEFF98FF3EF968FE77ADA3" box="[151,400,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBEFF98FF3EF968FEEDADA2" ID-CoL="84TZP" box="[151,266,1758,1780]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Synalpheus</taxonomicName>
tenuispina—
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FE39F968FD64ADA2" author="Crosnier" box="[400,643,1758,1780]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Crosnier, A. &amp; Forest, J. (1965) Remarques sur quelques especes ouest-africaines d'Alpheidae (Decapoda Macrura). Description d' Alpheus blachei sp. nov. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 36, 355 - 367." type="journal article" year="1965">Crosnier &amp; Forest 1965</bibRefCitation>
: 364;
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FD68F968FC6FADA2" author="Rios" box="[705,904,1758,1780]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Rios, R. &amp; Duffy, J. E. (2007) A review of the sponge-dwelling snapping shrimp from Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, with description of Zuzalpheus, new genus, and six new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alpheidae). Zootaxa, 1602, 3 - 89." type="journal article" year="2007">Ríos &amp; Duffy 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 78 (key);
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBEFF98FC5DF968FB4DADA2" author="Anker" box="[1012,1194,1758,1781]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" refString="Anker, A., Pachelle, P. P. G., De Grave, S. &amp; Hultgren, K. M. (2012) Taxonomic and biological notes on some Atlantic species of the snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888 (Decapoda, Alpheidae). Zootaxa, 3598, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="2012">
Anker
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBEFF98FB93F956FB8AADA2" box="[1082,1133,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
: 9, 86 (table), 90 (key).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CAF96551FFBEFF98FF3EF897FB59ACF0" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBEFF98FF3EF897FB59ACF0" blockId="8.[151,1436,1825,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBEFF98FF3EF897FE98AC6C" bold="true" box="[151,383,1825,1850]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<specimenCount id="94E5FD53FFBEFF98FE3DF894FE02AC6C" box="[404,485,1825,1850]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(cl
<quantity id="451B9B3FFFBEFF98FDB7F894FD99AC6C" box="[542,638,1826,1850]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" unit="mm" value="7.1">7.1 mm</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry id="FAF4764AFFBEFF98FD3EF897FD39AC6C" box="[663,734,1825,1850]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, São Paulo, São Sebastião, Pier da Petrobras,
<date id="F65D101AFFBEFF98FABAF894FA7BAC6C" box="[1299,1436,1826,1850]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" value="2009-12-12">12.XII.2009</date>
[
<collectionCode id="E4F2AE1FFFBEFF98FF34F8F0FF1AAC08" box="[157,253,1862,1886]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">MZUSP</collectionCode>
31503];
<specimenCount id="94E5FD53FFBEFF98FECDF8F0FE57AC08" box="[356,432,1861,1886]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(cl
<quantity id="451B9B3FFFBEFF98FE74F8F3FDD1AC0B" box="[477,566,1861,1886]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 mm</quantity>
, major P1 missing), 1 heavily damaged specimen (only major P1, P2-P5 and sternal portion of cephalothorax),
<collectingCountry id="FAF4764AFFBEFF98FDBEF8DFFDB9ACD4" box="[535,606,1897,1922]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Rio de Janeiro, Niteroi, Baia de Guanabara, Praia de Boa Viagem, scuba diving, fauna associated with Polychaeta, coll. J.B. Mendonça Jr.,
<date id="F65D101AFFBEFF98FCD4F83BFC14ACF0" box="[893,1011,1933,1958]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" value="2006-10-04">04.X.2006</date>
[
<collectionCode id="E4F2AE1FFFBEFF98FBA9F838FB87ACF0" box="[1024,1120,1934,1958]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">MZUSP</collectionCode>
22133].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CAF96551FFBEFF99FF6EF803FE32AE7E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="224" pageId="8" pageNumber="223" type="description">
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBEFF99FF6EF803FCB9ABAE" blockId="8.[151,1436,1825,2034]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="224" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBEFF98FF6EF803FEB6AC98" bold="true" box="[199,337,1973,1998]" pageId="8" pageNumber="223">Description</emphasis>
. Rostrum with base clearly delimited from anteromesial margin of orbital hoods, much longer than wide at base, arrow-shaped in dorsal view, longer than orbital teeth, acute distally, tip overreaching mid-length of first article of antennular peduncle; orbital teeth large, triangular, acute distally, about as long as wide at base; anteromesial margin between orbital teeth and rostrum abruptly sloping ventrally, forming deep V-shaped notch in dorsal view; rostro-orbital process well developed (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FD7EFF69FCFFABAE" box="[727,792,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
A, B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBFFF99FF6EFEB2FAB1AAFB" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">
Pleuron of first abdominal somite pointed posteroventrally, forming feeble hook; pleura of third to fifth somites also rounded, fifth slightly more angular (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FD6FFE91FCEFAA16" box="[710,776,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
C). Telson broad, about 1.3 times as long as anterior width, slightly tapering distally; dorsal surface with shallow, longitudinal, median depression and two pairs of stout spiniform setae inserted at about 0.45 and 0.75 length of telson, respectively; posterior margin broadly rounded, about 0.6 length of anterior width, with two stout spiniform setae, mesial much longer than lateral (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FB46FE22FAD6AAFB" box="[1263,1329,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBFFF99FF6EFE01FE3FA9FE" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">
Antennular peduncle with second article 1.5 times as long as wide; stylocerite very strong, reaching far beyond distal margin of first article, with acute tip (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FD2DFE6AFD20AAA3" box="[644,711,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
A). Antennal basicerite with acutely projecting distodorsal tooth and much stronger distolateral tooth, latter reaching well into first third of second article of antennular peduncle and almost equalling tip of stylocerite; scaphocerite with very strong distolateral tooth reaching beyond end of antennular peduncle; blade well-developed, moderately broad, reaching to about 0.7 length of scaphocerite, fringed with long setae; carpocerite reaching slightly beyond end of antennular peduncle but not beyond distolateral tooth of scaphocerite (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FEF9FD39FE75A9FE" box="[336,402,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
A, B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBFFF99FF6EFD02FD1CA9A6" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">
Mouthparts typical for genus. Third maxilliped with very short penultimate article; ultimate article with crown of about six stout spiniform setae on apex (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FDD3FD61FD5BA9A6" box="[634,700,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
E, F).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBFFF99FF6EFD4AFEC0A890" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">
Major cheliped with merus about 2.3 times as long as wide; palm ovoid, 2.32.4 as long as dactylus; distodorsal margin of palm slightly protruding, forming low blunt protuberance, without acute tooth; dactylus subequal to pollex (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FEDDFCF5FE50A80A" box="[372,439,835,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[161,1418,202,898]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,914]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—major (left) cheliped, lateral; B—same, chela, mesial; C—minor (right) cheliped, lateral; D—same, carpus and chela, mesial." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227602/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A, B). Minor cheliped with merus about 2.3 times as long as greatest width, with convex dorsal and ventral margins, distodorsal margin projecting as sharp tooth; carpus cup-shaped; palm about 1.2 times as long as fingers; dactylus and pollex with sharp cutting edges, laterodorsal surface of pollex slightly depressed (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FF36FC1BFF04A890" box="[159,227,941,966]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[161,1418,202,898]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,914]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—major (left) cheliped, lateral; B—same, chela, mesial; C—minor (right) cheliped, lateral; D—same, carpus and chela, mesial." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227602/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
C, D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBFFF99FF6EFC66FC7AAFE8" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">
Second pereiopod with five-articulated carpus, first carpal article about four times length of second, equal to sum of second to fifth articles (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FE59FC42FDD6AF5B" box="[496,561,1012,1037]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
G). Third pereiopod with merus almost four times as long as wide; carpus with stout spiniform seta distoventrally; propodus with eight spiniform setae on ventral margin and one pair of spiniform setae on distoventral margin; dactylus biunguiculate, moderately stout, secondary unguis subparallel to and shorter than terminal unguis (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FDB3FBE8FDB9AF21" box="[538,606,1118,1143]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
H, I). Fifth pereiopod with propodus armed with four spiniform setae on ventral margin and one pair of spiniform setae on distoventral margin, and with well-developed grooming brush laterally, consisting of at least six rows of serrulate setae (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FCB4FB13FC87AFE8" box="[797,864,1189,1214]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
J, K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBFFF99FF6EFB7FFBFCAE53" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">
Uropod with protopod ending in large subacute tooth laterally; distolateral margin of exopod with two strong teeth (including lateral tooth of diaeresis) and one stout spiniform seta (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FC11FB5AFC1DAE53" box="[952,1018,1260,1285]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
L).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBFFF99FF6EFAB9FE32AE7E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" box="[199,469,1295,1320]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Colour in life unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CAF96551FFBFFF99FF6EFA85FE93AE8C" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBFFF99FF6EFA85FAA1AEC5" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FF6EFA85FEBEAE1A" bold="true" box="[199,345,1331,1356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Distribution</emphasis>
. Southwestern Atlantic:
<collectingCountry id="FAF4764AFFBFFF99FD2DFA85FD2FAE1A" box="[644,712,1331,1356]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Santa Catarina). Records of
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FA2EFA82FEEBAE39" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FA2EFA82FEEBAE39" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">S. tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Caribbean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBFFF99FD85FAE0FD54AE39" author="Abele" box="[556,691,1366,1391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" refString="Abele, L. G. (1976) Comparative species composition and relative abundance of decapod crustaceans in marine habitats of Panama. Marine Biology, 38, 263 - 278. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / bf 00388939" type="journal article" year="1976">Abele 1976</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBFFF99FD16FAE0FBE2AE39" author="Martinez-Iglesias" box="[703,1029,1366,1391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" refString="Martinez-Iglesias, J. C., Gomez, O., Carvacho, A. &amp; Rios, R. (1993) Nuevos registros de crustaceos decapodos (Crustacea: Decapoda) en la plataforma marina de Cuba. Avicennia, 0, 9 - 13." type="book chapter" year="1993">
Martínez-Iglesias
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FC23FAEEFC24AE39" box="[906,963,1367,1391]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">et al.</emphasis>
1993
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBFFF99FBB9FAE0FBAEAE39" author="Martinez-Iglesias" box="[1040,1097,1366,1391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" refString="Martinez-Iglesias, J. C., Carvacho, A. &amp; Rios, R. (1996) Catalogo de los carideos marinos (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) de las aguas someras de Cuba. Avicennia, 4 / 5, 27 - 40." type="journal article" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
) most likely refer to a species currently known as
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FEDDFACCFC44AEC5" authority="Crosnier &amp; Forest, 1965" authorityName="Crosnier &amp; Forest" authorityYear="1965" box="[372,931,1402,1427]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FEDDFACCFE14AEC4" box="[372,499,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Synalpheus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FDB6FACCFD6EAEC4" box="[543,649,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">africanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBFFF99FD26FACCFC44AEC5" author="Crosnier" box="[655,931,1402,1427]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" refString="Crosnier, A. &amp; Forest, J. (1965) Remarques sur quelques especes ouest-africaines d'Alpheidae (Decapoda Macrura). Description d' Alpheus blachei sp. nov. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 36, 355 - 367." type="journal article" year="1965">Crosnier &amp; Forest, 1965</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and not to
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FB8DFACDFB51AEC4" box="[1060,1206,1403,1426]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FB8DFACDFB51AEC4" box="[1060,1206,1403,1426]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">S. tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBFFF99FF6EFA2BFE93AE8C" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FF6EFA2BFEC3AEE0" bold="true" box="[199,292,1437,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Ecology</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FE9AFA28FDC8AEE0" box="[307,559,1438,1462]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FE9AFA28FDC8AEE0" box="[307,559,1438,1462]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Synalpheus tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be a non-symbiotic species, dwelling in pier growth or in crevices of polychaete reefs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CAF96551FFBFFF9BFF6EFA52FE65AE32" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="226" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBFFF99FF6EFA52FEF4AC6A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FF6EFA52FED3AEAB" bold="true" box="[199,308,1508,1533]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Remarks</emphasis>
. Coutière's (1909) original description of
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FCA5FA53FB85AEAA" box="[780,1122,1509,1533]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="latastei" subSpecies="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FCA5FA53FB85AEAA" box="[780,1122,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Synalpheus latastei tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was based on a single large female (tl
<quantity id="451B9B3FFFBFFF99FEB9F9BEFE85AD76" box="[272,354,1544,1568]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
) from Desterro, now Florianópolis, Santa Catarina,
<collectingCountry id="FAF4764AFFBFFF99FC17F9BEFBE1AD77" box="[958,1030,1544,1569]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. The description is actually a short paragraph with comparisons of proportions and lengths between the new form and the supposedly closely related, eastern Pacific
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FEE4F9F9FD02AD3E" authority="Coutiere, 1909" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1909" box="[333,741,1615,1640]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latastei">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FEE4F9F9FDCAAD31" box="[333,557,1615,1639]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Synalpheus latastei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBFFF99FD90F9F9FD02AD3E" author="Coutiere" box="[569,741,1615,1640]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" refString="Coutiere, H. (1909) The American species of snapping shrimps of the genus Synalpheus. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 36, 1 - 93. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.36 - 1659.1" type="journal article" year="1909">Coutière, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(now junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FBB6F9F9FEB3ADDD" authority="H. Milne Edwards, 1837" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1837" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifrons">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FBB6F9F9FAFCAD31" box="[1055,1307,1615,1639]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Synalpheus spinifrons</emphasis>
(H. Milne Edwards, 1837))
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FE39F9C5FCAAADDD" authority="Coutiere, 1909" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1909" box="[400,845,1650,1675]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lockingtoni">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FE39F9C5FD70ADDD" box="[400,663,1651,1675]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Synalpheus lockingtoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBFFF99FD09F9C4FCAAADDD" author="Coutiere" box="[672,845,1650,1675]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" refString="Coutiere, H. (1909) The American species of snapping shrimps of the genus Synalpheus. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 36, 1 - 93. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.36 - 1659.1" type="journal article" year="1909">Coutière, 1909</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, accompanied by a few figures. The
<typeStatus id="5D588878FFBFFF99FB53F9C4FABBADDD" box="[1274,1372,1650,1675]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FA2EF9C5FE80ADF8" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="latastei" subSpecies="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FA2EF9C5FE80ADF8" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">S. latastei tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was deposited in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris,
<collectingCountry id="FAF4764AFFBFFF99FB2DF921FB37ADF8" box="[1156,1232,1687,1710]" name="France" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">France</collectingCountry>
(MNHN), where, however, it was missing already in the 1960s (
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBFFF99FD3EF90FFC46AD84" author="Crosnier" box="[663,929,1721,1746]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" refString="Crosnier, A. &amp; Forest, J. (1965) Remarques sur quelques especes ouest-africaines d'Alpheidae (Decapoda Macrura). Description d' Alpheus blachei sp. nov. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 36, 355 - 367." type="journal article" year="1965">Crosnier &amp; Forest 1965</bibRefCitation>
) and was also not found during a more recent search in 2007 (A. Anker, pers. obs.). Based on the morphological differences between
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FBCEF96BFAB6ADA3" box="[1127,1361,1757,1781]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="latastei" subSpecies="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FBCEF96BFAB6ADA3" box="[1127,1361,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">S. latastei tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FA2EF96BFEE1AC4F" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifrons">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FA2EF96BFEE1AC4F" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">S. spinifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Coutière's (1909) account,
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBFFF99FDF2F8B6FC9EAC4F" author="Crosnier" box="[603,889,1792,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" refString="Crosnier, A. &amp; Forest, J. (1965) Remarques sur quelques especes ouest-africaines d'Alpheidae (Decapoda Macrura). Description d' Alpheus blachei sp. nov. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 36, 355 - 367." type="journal article" year="1965">Crosnier &amp; Forest (1965)</bibRefCitation>
elevated the Brazilian form to full species, as
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FA2EF8B7FEEBAC6A" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FA2EF8B7FEEBAC6A" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">S. tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBFFF99FF6EF8F1FD1EACB8" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">
The most complete specimen of the present material is an adult male (cl
<quantity id="451B9B3FFFBFFF99FB98F8FEFB6AAC09" box="[1073,1165,1864,1888]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" unit="mm" value="7.1">7.1 mm</quantity>
, tl ~
<quantity id="451B9B3FFFBFFF99FB6EF8F1FAFAAC36" box="[1223,1309,1863,1888]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
) from São Sebastião (
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FEB8F8DDFE87ACD2" box="[273,352,1899,1924]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FEC5F8DDFE9BACD2" box="[364,380,1899,1924]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,935,957]" captionTargetBox="[161,1418,202,898]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,914]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—major (left) cheliped, lateral; B—same, chela, mesial; C—minor (right) cheliped, lateral; D—same, carpus and chela, mesial." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227602/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">6</figureCitation>
). This male agrees well with figures of the missing female
<typeStatus id="5D588878FFBFFF99FBA6F8DDFB96ACD2" box="[1039,1137,1899,1924]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBFFF99FB3DF8DDFAA0ACD5" author="Coutiere" box="[1172,1351,1899,1924]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" refString="Coutiere, H. (1909) The American species of snapping shrimps of the genus Synalpheus. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 36, 1 - 93. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.36 - 1659.1" type="journal article" year="1909">Coutière (1909)</bibRefCitation>
, except for the slightly broader rostrum and stouter merus of the third pereiopod (cf.
<figureCitation id="1AD82A5FFFBFFF99FC5BF838FBD4ACF1" box="[1010,1075,1934,1959]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1870,1892]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1849]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synalpheus tenuispina Coutière, 1909, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
A, H and
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBFFF99FB09F838FAA4ACF1" author="Coutiere" box="[1184,1347,1934,1959]" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" refString="Coutiere, H. (1909) The American species of snapping shrimps of the genus Synalpheus. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 36, 1 - 93. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.36 - 1659.1" type="journal article" year="1909">Coutière 1909</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 8a, m). Obviously more fresh material is needed to understand the range of morphological variation of
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBFFF99FAA3F804FA7CAC9F" box="[1290,1435,1970,1993]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBFFF99FAA3F804FA7CAC9F" box="[1290,1435,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="224">S. tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and also to document the colour pattern of the species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D69C6652FFBCFF9AFF3EF8F8FC2EAC96" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227601/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="225" targetBox="[163,1428,203,1831]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBCFF9AFF3EF8F8FC2EAC96" blockId="10.[151,1436,1870,1984]" pageId="10" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBCFF9AFF3EF8F8FEEAAC32" bold="true" box="[151,269,1870,1892]" pageId="10" pageNumber="225">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBCFF9AFEB0F8F8FD7AAC32" authority="Coutiere, 1909" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1909" box="[281,669,1870,1892]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBCFF9AFEB0F8F8FE1AAC32" box="[281,509,1870,1892]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="225">Synalpheus tenuispina</emphasis>
Coutière, 1909
</taxonomicName>
, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—frontal region, dorsal; B—same, lateral; C—abdomen, lateral; D—telson, dorsal; E—third maxilliped, lateral; F—same, tip of ultimate article, mesial; G—second pereiopod, lateral; H—third pereiopod, lateral; I—same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; J—fifth pereiopod, lateral; K—same, propodus and dactylus; L—uropod, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D69C6652FFBDFF9BFF3EFC11FAAEA88A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227602/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" targetBox="[161,1418,202,898]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBDFF9BFF3EFC11FAAEA88A" blockId="11.[151,1436,935,988]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFF3EFC11FEEAA8EA" bold="true" box="[151,269,935,957]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFEB2FC11FD78A8EB" authority="Coutiere, 1909" authorityName="Coutiere" authorityYear="1909" box="[283,671,935,958]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFEB2FC11FE18A8E8" box="[283,511,935,958]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Synalpheus tenuispina</emphasis>
Coutière, 1909
</taxonomicName>
, male (cl 7.1 mm) from São Sebastião, Brazil [MZUSP 31503]: A—major (left) cheliped, lateral; B—same, chela, mesial; C—minor (right) cheliped, lateral; D—same, carpus and chela, mesial.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="825C36DAFFBDFF9BFF6EFBBEFE65AE32" blockId="11.[151,1436,1032,1381]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
The Caribbean records of
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFE50FBBFFD0CAF76" box="[505,747,1032,1056]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="latastei" subSpecies="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFE50FBBFFD0CAF76" box="[505,747,1032,1056]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">S. latastei tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBDFF9BFD54FBBEFC60AF77" author="Abele" box="[765,903,1032,1057]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" refString="Abele, L. G. (1976) Comparative species composition and relative abundance of decapod crustaceans in marine habitats of Panama. Marine Biology, 38, 263 - 278. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / bf 00388939" type="journal article" year="1976">Abele 1976</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBDFF9BFC3FFBBEFB01AF77" author="Martinez-Iglesias" box="[918,1254,1032,1057]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" refString="Martinez-Iglesias, J. C., Gomez, O., Carvacho, A. &amp; Rios, R. (1993) Nuevos registros de crustaceos decapodos (Crustacea: Decapoda) en la plataforma marina de Cuba. Avicennia, 0, 9 - 13." type="book chapter" year="1993">
Martínez-Iglesias
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFBCCFBBFFB46AF76" box="[1125,1185,1032,1056]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">et al.</emphasis>
1993
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBDFF9BFB5CFBBEFAD7AF77" author="Martinez-Iglesias" box="[1269,1328,1032,1057]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" refString="Martinez-Iglesias, J. C., Carvacho, A. &amp; Rios, R. (1996) Catalogo de los carideos marinos (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) de las aguas someras de Cuba. Avicennia, 4 / 5, 27 - 40." type="journal article" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
, all as
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFA2EFBBFFE8AAF12" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="latastei" subSpecies="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFA2EFBBFFE8AAF12" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">S. latastei tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) are difficult to assess without examining the material. They most probably refer to a problematic amphi-Atlantic taxon (possibly more than one species) currently known as
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFB2DFBE6FA7CAF3E" box="[1156,1435,1104,1129]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFB2DFBE6FAE4AF3E" box="[1156,1283,1104,1128]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Synalpheus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFA9BFBE6FA7CAF3E" box="[1330,1435,1104,1128]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">africanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf.
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBDFF9BFF6CFBC2FE76AFDB" author="Anker" box="[197,401,1140,1165]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" refString="Anker, A., Pachelle, P. P. G., De Grave, S. &amp; Hultgren, K. M. (2012) Taxonomic and biological notes on some Atlantic species of the snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888 (Decapoda, Alpheidae). Zootaxa, 3598, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="2012">
Anker
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFEBDFBC3FEAAAFDB" box="[276,333,1141,1165]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 3) and not to
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFDCFFBC3FD1FAFDA" box="[614,760,1141,1164]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFDCFFBC3FD1FAFDA" box="[614,760,1141,1164]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">S. tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The differences between
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFB8CFBC3FB36AFDB" box="[1061,1233,1140,1165]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFB8CFBC3FBDDAFDA" box="[1061,1082,1141,1164]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">S.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFBCEFBC3FB36AFDB" box="[1127,1233,1141,1165]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">africanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFAA3FBC3FA7CAFDA" box="[1290,1435,1141,1164]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFAA3FBC3FA7CAFDA" box="[1290,1435,1141,1164]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">S. tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are rather slight.
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBDFF9BFEFAFB2EFDCFAFE7" box="[339,552,1176,1201]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" refString="Anker, A., Pachelle, P. P. G., De Grave, S. &amp; Hultgren, K. M. (2012) Taxonomic and biological notes on some Atlantic species of the snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888 (Decapoda, Alpheidae). Zootaxa, 3598, 1 - 96." type="journal article">
Anker
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFE36FB2FFE30AFE6" box="[415,471,1176,1200]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
noted that the specimens tentatively identified as
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFBFAFB2FFB1CAFE6" box="[1107,1275,1176,1201]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFBFAFB2FFB80AFE6" box="[1107,1127,1177,1200]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">S.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFB38FB2EFB1CAFE6" box="[1169,1275,1176,1200]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">africanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Atol das Rocas,
<collectingCountry id="FAF4764AFFBDFF9BFF42FB0AFED6AF83" box="[235,305,1212,1237]" name="Aruba" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Aruba</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="FAF4764AFFBDFF9BFEC2FB0BFE23AF82" box="[363,452,1213,1236]" name="Panama" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">Panama</collectingCountry>
were closer to
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFDDEFB0BFD19AF83" box="[631,766,1213,1237]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFDDEFB0BFD19AF83" box="[631,766,1213,1237]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">S. africanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFCF6FB0BFC15AF82" box="[863,1010,1213,1236]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFCF6FB0BFC15AF82" box="[863,1010,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">S. tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the length of the scaphocerite and shape of the rostrum, and were also much smaller than
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFCA9FB57FC77AFAE" box="[768,912,1249,1272]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFCA9FB57FC77AFAE" box="[768,912,1249,1272]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">S. tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(maximum tl ~
<quantity id="451B9B3FFFBDFF9BFB96FB56FB69AFAE" box="[1087,1166,1248,1273]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
compared to
<quantity id="451B9B3FFFBDFF9BFA8FFB57FA92AFAE" box="[1318,1397,1249,1273]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
for the female
<typeStatus id="5D588878FFBDFF9BFEB1FAB2FE9DAE4B" box="[280,378,1284,1309]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFE0DFAB3FDD1AE4A" box="[420,566,1285,1308]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFE0DFAB3FDD1AE4A" box="[420,566,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">S. tenuispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). As
<bibRefCitation id="E6724B2BFFBDFF9BFDD1FAB2FCB1AE4B" box="[632,854,1284,1309]" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" refString="Anker, A., Pachelle, P. P. G., De Grave, S. &amp; Hultgren, K. M. (2012) Taxonomic and biological notes on some Atlantic species of the snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888 (Decapoda, Alpheidae). Zootaxa, 3598, 1 - 96." type="journal article">
Anker
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFD61FAB3FCE5AE4B" box="[712,770,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">et al.</emphasis>
(2012)
</bibRefCitation>
pointed out, the entire
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFBCCFAB3FA7CAE4A" box="[1125,1435,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFBCCFAB3FB0AAE4B" box="[1125,1261,1285,1309]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">S. africanus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFAA0FAB3FA7CAE4A" box="[1289,1435,1285,1308]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuispina">S. tenuispina</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
complex needs a molecular analysis, but for the time being it is more sensible to treat the larger southern Brazilian form as
<taxonomicName id="45E34D59FFBDFF9BFF5AFAFBFE9CAE32" box="[243,379,1357,1380]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Synalpheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuspina">
<emphasis id="B097EAC8FFBDFF9BFF5AFAFBFE9CAE32" box="[243,379,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="226">S. tenuspina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>