683 lines
109 KiB
XML
683 lines
109 KiB
XML
<document id="08B3A21EA895F77BC0D99E0C4E47FD8B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.281116" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49b8451d-340c-4800-98f4-a5c82062e63c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="281116" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460482339334" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sidorov, Dmitry A." docDate="2012" docId="03DDC16F1758FFE349CA04D2A87AE2A1" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03317p024.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3317" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gammarus alius Sidorov, 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="FFE4B9171753FFF6495D0706A90AE025" masterDocTitle="Two new species of freshwater amphipods (Crustacea: Gammaridae) from Central Asia, with comments on the unusual upper lip morphology" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1698307987658" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="9E6CB1ACA1D7C7545E9FC1D3C1AF0354">Two new species of freshwater amphipods (Crustacea: Gammaridae) from Central Asia, with comments on the unusual upper lip morphology</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4876133CD8AAC4A52A20FF4C1DCB5F0E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="384C6561A7A4A8AB61E05E6E44FCD08A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D595DAC8EC52B827A4D4FEDADB5078F7">Sidorov, Dmitry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F9967A31AFDEC86CE5CF68AB28A5CBE8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="170F936482B05BD33B73A7EF97DCDEF5">
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<mods:date id="B3A671D4CB4C0977C87AF67EC159470D">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="D672C20FCE6B68FC0FC46A93ADC7D4ED" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="975E1C7363D816F568DB4F3D9330055C">3317</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FFEB915715663DF640D0FD92911C5A7B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="00E5CFEB43B5C3F979615C2CEE246EDB" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.281116</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DC213503F1280B79D79794530E0CC635" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DDC16F1758FFE349CA04D2A87AE2A1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6180308" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119517607" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6180308" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DDC16F1758FFE349CA04D2A87AE2A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DDC16F1758FFE349CA04D2A87AE2A1" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="C36E23F21758FFFD49CA04D2A832E42B" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCB70791758FFFD49CA04D2A8CEE3C8" blockId="11.[151,452,979,1038]" box="[151,452,979,1006]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="D083C7151758FFFD49CA04D2A8CEE3C8" bold="true" box="[151,452,979,1006]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD49CA04D2A8CEE3C8" bold="true" box="[151,452,979,1006]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1758FFFD49CA04D2A86AE3CB" ID-CoL="3F889" box="[151,352,980,1006]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD49CA04D2A86AE3CB" bold="true" box="[151,352,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23311101758FFFD483A04D5A8CEE3C8" box="[359,452,979,1005]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCB70791758FFFD49CA04F0A832E42B" blockId="11.[151,452,979,1038]" box="[151,312,1014,1038]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD49CA04F0A832E42B" box="[151,312,1014,1038]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 45" captionStart-1="FIGURES 46 – 53" captionStart-2="FIGURES 54 – 62" captionStart-3="FIGURES 63 – 66" captionStart-4="FIGURES 67 – 74" captionStart-5="FIGURES 75 – 77" captionStart-6="FIGURES 78 – 80" captionStart-7="FIGURES 81 – 85" captionStart-8="FIGURES 86 – 89" captionStartId-0="12.[151,250,1357,1380]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,264,1927,1950]" captionStartId-2="15.[151,264,1646,1669]" captionStartId-3="16.[151,264,1929,1952]" captionStartId-4="17.[151,264,1979,2002]" captionStartId-5="18.[151,264,1600,1623]" captionStartId-6="19.[151,264,1676,1699]" captionStartId-7="20.[151,264,1110,1133]" captionStartId-8="20.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,409,1335]" captionTargetBox-1="[176,1411,233,1885]" captionTargetBox-2="[177,1417,213,1612]" captionTargetBox-3="[184,1395,190,1899]" captionTargetBox-4="[219,1366,185,1951]" captionTargetBox-5="[186,1402,184,1569]" captionTargetBox-6="[192,1398,415,1649]" captionTargetBox-7="[168,1426,360,1083]" captionTargetBox-8="[166,1423,1289,1867]" captionTargetId-0="figure@12.[151,1436,409,1336]" captionTargetId-1="figure@14.[162,1424,211,1906]" captionTargetId-2="figure@15.[161,1426,193,1625]" captionTargetId-3="figure@16.[172,1414,171,1909]" captionTargetId-4="figure@17.[197,1389,161,1966]" captionTargetId-5="figure@18.[169,1418,165,1579]" captionTargetId-6="figure@19.[174,1413,397,1656]" captionTargetId-7="figure@20.[151,1436,349,1089]" captionTargetId-8="figure@20.[151,1436,1275,1883]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionTargetPageId-2="15" captionTargetPageId-3="16" captionTargetPageId-4="17" captionTargetPageId-5="18" captionTargetPageId-6="19" captionTargetPageId-7="20" captionTargetPageId-8="20" captionText-0="FIGURE 45. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., from left side, male, 15.0 mm, paratype." captionText-1="FIGURES 46 – 53. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (46) head; (47) antenna 1; (48) antenna 2, lateral view; (49) antenna 2, lateral view, inner face, in part; (50) urosome; (51) mandible, left; (52) mandible, right; (53) mandibular palp. Scale bars 0.2 mm, if not indicated otherwise." captionText-2="FIGURES 54 – 62. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (54) maxilla 2; (55) maxilla 1, left; (56) inosculate setae of maxilla 1 inner plate; (57) palp of maxilla 1, right; (58) upper lip; (59) lower lip; (60) maxilliped; (61) outer plate of maxilliped; (62) inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars 0.2 mm." captionText-3="FIGURES 63 – 66. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (63) gnathopod 1; (64) propodus of gnathopod 1; (65) gnathopod 2; (66) propodus of gnathopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm." captionText-4="FIGURES 67 – 74. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (67) pereopod 3; (68) pereopod 4; (69) pleopod 3; (70) uropod 1; (71) uropod 2; (72) uropod 3; (73) terminal article of uropod 3; (74) telson. Scale bars 0.2 mm." captionText-5="FIGURES 75 – 77. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (75) pereopod 5; (76) pereopod 6; (77) pereopod 7. Scale bars 0.2 mm." captionText-6="FIGURES 78 – 80. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (78) epimera 1 – 3; (79) pleopod 1; (80) pleopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm." captionText-7="FIGURES 81 – 85. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (81) flagellum of antenna 2, ventral view, in part; (82) the same enlarged; (83) flagellum of antenna 2, lateral view, in part; (84) pleopod 1, ventral view, in part; (85) pleopod 1, lateral view, in part. Scale bars 0.2 mm." captionText-8="FIGURES 86 – 89. Different conditions of upper lip of Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 15.0 mm: (86) dorsal view (with visible adjoining sclerite); male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (87) dorsal view; (88) ventral view; male, 15.0 mm: (89) hook damaged owing to careless preparation, dorsal view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/281125/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/281126/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/281127/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/281128/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/281129/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/281130/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/281131/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/281132/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/281133/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figures 45–89</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36E23F21758FFFD49CA0339AAACE471" box="[151,934,1086,1109]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BCB70791758FFFD49CA0339AAACE471" blockId="11.[151,934,1086,1109]" box="[151,934,1086,1109]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1758FFFD49CA0339A8F6E471" ID-CoL="3F8JD" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,508,1086,1109]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
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<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD49CA0339A84EE470" box="[151,324,1087,1109]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Gammarus pulex</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881758FFFD480F0338A8FEE471" author="Linnaeus" box="[338,500,1086,1108]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. In: Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881758FFFD4B580339ABA3E471" author="Martynov" box="[517,681,1087,1108]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Martynov, A. V. (1930) Amphipoda from the Lake Issyk-Kul. Results to the Lake Issyk-Kul Expedition in KSSR, 11, 51 - 70. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1930">Martynov, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 62; Chatyr-Kul Lake.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36E23F21758FFFD49CA0387AC0AE568" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BCB70791758FFFD49CA0387AC0AE568" blockId="11.[151,1437,1153,2005]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD49CA0387A81BE4BF" bold="true" box="[151,273,1153,1178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1758FFFD48440384A8D9E4BC" box="[281,467,1153,1177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD48440384A8D9E4BC" box="[281,467,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23311101758FFFD48810384AB3CE4BF" box="[476,566,1154,1178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD48810384AB3CE4BF" bold="true" box="[476,566,1154,1178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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belongs to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1758FFFD4BB90387AA2AE4BC" box="[740,800,1153,1177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
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<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD4BB90387AA2AE4BC" box="[740,800,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">pulex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group. Body stout but soft (
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<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD4DE60387AC05E4BC" box="[1211,1295,1153,1177]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1357,1380]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,409,1336]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 45. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., from left side, male, 15.0 mm, paratype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281125/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
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), dorsal surface of body segments smooth. Inferior antennal sinus deep, rounded (
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<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD4AFB03A3AAF3E498" box="[934,1017,1189,1213]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 53" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1927,1950]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,233,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[162,1424,211,1906]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 53. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (46) head; (47) antenna 1; (48) antenna 2, lateral view; (49) antenna 2, lateral view, inner face, in part; (50) urosome; (51) mandible, left; (52) mandible, right; (53) mandibular palp. Scale bars 0.2 mm, if not indicated otherwise." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281126/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
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). Antenna 1 20% longer than antenna 2. Antenna 2 with flagellum flattened dorso-ventrally (
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<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD4A5A03CFAA81E4C4" box="[775,907,1225,1249]" captionStart="FIGURES 81 – 85" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1110,1133]" captionTargetBox="[168,1426,360,1083]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,349,1089]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 81 – 85. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (81) flagellum of antenna 2, ventral view, in part; (82) the same enlarged; (83) flagellum of antenna 2, lateral view, in part; (84) pleopod 1, ventral view, in part; (85) pleopod 1, lateral view, in part. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281132/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 81–83</figureCitation>
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), bearing calceoli. Coxal plate of gnathopod 1 (
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<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD49C203EBA9FAE520" box="[159,240,1261,1285]" captionStart="FIGURES 63 – 66" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1929,1952]" captionTargetBox="[184,1395,190,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[172,1414,171,1909]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 63 – 66. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (63) gnathopod 1; (64) propodus of gnathopod 1; (65) gnathopod 2; (66) propodus of gnathopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281128/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
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) sub-linear. Pereopods 3–7 elongate. Dorsal surface of urosomites 1–3 (
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<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD4D4E03EBAD69E520" box="[1043,1123,1261,1285]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 53" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1927,1950]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,233,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[162,1424,211,1906]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 53. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (46) head; (47) antenna 1; (48) antenna 2, lateral view; (49) antenna 2, lateral view, inner face, in part; (50) urosome; (51) mandible, left; (52) mandible, right; (53) mandibular palp. Scale bars 0.2 mm, if not indicated otherwise." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281126/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
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) armed with robust notched setae on the following manner: 1 (2-2-2), 2 (3-2-3), 3 (2-0-2). Pleopods 1–3 (
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<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD4AB00217AD61E50C" box="[1005,1131,1297,1321]" captionStart="FIGURES 81 – 85" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1110,1133]" captionTargetBox="[168,1426,360,1083]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,349,1089]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 81 – 85. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (81) flagellum of antenna 2, ventral view, in part; (82) the same enlarged; (83) flagellum of antenna 2, lateral view, in part; (84) pleopod 1, ventral view, in part; (85) pleopod 1, lateral view, in part. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281132/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 84, 85</figureCitation>
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) with rami flattened dorsoventrally. Uropod 3 with lanceolate rami bearing plumose setae. Body length 15.0–16.0 mm (males).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36E23F21758FFFD4994025FAAC8E59C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791758FFFD4994025FAAC8E59C" blockId="11.[151,1437,1153,2005]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD4994025FA8B8E557" bold="true" box="[201,434,1369,1394]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54CFCEDB1758FFFD48E5025FAB2FE554" box="[440,549,1369,1393]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: male, 16.0 mm,
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<accessionNumber id="9427ED9A1758FFFD4BBE025FAA4AE554" box="[739,832,1369,1393]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/X31194" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="EnaNcbi">X31194</accessionNumber>
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/Cr-1368-
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<collectionCode id="ED65E8BC1758FFFD4AF6025FAAF8E554" box="[939,1010,1369,1393]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FESU</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36330E91758FFFD4AA1025CAD8AE557" box="[1020,1152,1370,1394]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
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, south part of Chatyr-Kul Lake (40º
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4016BE1758FFFD4858027BA85CE5B0" box="[261,342,1405,1429]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="5555" value="58.3">58.3 N</geoCoordinate>
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; 75 º
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4016BE1758FFFD48CC027BA8D5E5B0" box="[401,479,1405,1429]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" precision="5555" value="32.0">32.0 E</geoCoordinate>
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),
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<date id="FFCA56B91758FFFD48AB027BAB84E5B0" box="[502,654,1405,1430]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="2006-08-20">20 Aug 2006</date>
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, 3555 m above sea level, coll. E.I. Shornikov, V.M. Yakymov.
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<typeStatus id="54CFCEDB1758FFFD4C3C0278A9DCE59F" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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: 16/2sd-IBSS,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D72BBF01758FFFD482302A7A8DEE59C" box="[382,468,1441,1465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
(2 × 15.0 mm), with same data as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CFCEDB1758FFFD4A0502A7AAB4E59C" box="[856,958,1441,1465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E23F21758FFFB499402C3AD3EE62D" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791758FFFA499402C3AD1FE141" blockId="11.[151,1437,1153,2005]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,151,356]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD499402C3A851E5FB" bold="true" box="[201,347,1477,1502]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD483E02C3A897E5F8" box="[355,413,1477,1501]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(16.0 mm,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CFCEDB1758FFFD4B7902C3AB81E5F8" box="[548,651,1477,1501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD4BC202C3ABD5E5F8" bold="true" box="[671,735,1477,1501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD4BB202C3AA69E5F8" box="[751,867,1477,1501]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Antenna 1</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD4A2902C3AAC0E5F8" box="[884,970,1477,1501]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 53" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1927,1950]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,233,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[162,1424,211,1906]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 53. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (46) head; (47) antenna 1; (48) antenna 2, lateral view; (49) antenna 2, lateral view, inner face, in part; (50) urosome; (51) mandible, left; (52) mandible, right; (53) mandibular palp. Scale bars 0.2 mm, if not indicated otherwise." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281126/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
): 40% length of body, about 20% longer than antenna 2; peduncular articles 1–3 have a length ratio of 1:0.60:0.4; primary flagellum with 28 articles bearing very short setae, aesthetascs absent; accessory flagellum 3–articulate, terminal article small, bearing 3 simple setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD49CA0137A801E66C" box="[151,267,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Antenna 2</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD48460137A87BE66C" box="[283,369,1585,1609]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 53" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1927,1950]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,233,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[162,1424,211,1906]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 53. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (46) head; (47) antenna 1; (48) antenna 2, lateral view; (49) antenna 2, lateral view, inner face, in part; (50) urosome; (51) mandible, left; (52) mandible, right; (53) mandibular palp. Scale bars 0.2 mm, if not indicated otherwise." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281126/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
): gland cone acute without setae; peduncular article 4 as long as article 5, both articles setose with short and long stiff setae on lateral and ventral margins correspondingly; flagellum with 15 articles, flattened dorso-ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD480C017FA8D9E6B4" box="[337,467,1657,1681]" captionStart="FIGURES 81 – 85" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1110,1133]" captionTargetBox="[168,1426,360,1083]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,349,1089]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 81 – 85. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (81) flagellum of antenna 2, ventral view, in part; (82) the same enlarged; (83) flagellum of antenna 2, lateral view, in part; (84) pleopod 1, ventral view, in part; (85) pleopod 1, lateral view, in part. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281132/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 81–83</figureCitation>
|
||
), each flagellar article bearing long stiff bifurcate setae on inner face, calceoli present.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD49CA019BA804E690" box="[151,270,1693,1717]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Mandibles</emphasis>
|
||
subequal: left mandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD4B6E019BAB8DE690" box="[563,647,1693,1717]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 53" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1927,1950]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,233,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[162,1424,211,1906]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 53. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (46) head; (47) antenna 1; (48) antenna 2, lateral view; (49) antenna 2, lateral view, inner face, in part; (50) urosome; (51) mandible, left; (52) mandible, right; (53) mandibular palp. Scale bars 0.2 mm, if not indicated otherwise." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281126/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
) with incisor 5–dentate, lacinia mobilis 5–dentate, setal row with 11 serrate trifurcate setae, triturative molar large with long plumose seta; palp article 2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD4D3801C7ADB2E6FC" box="[1125,1208,1729,1753]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 53" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1927,1950]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,233,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[162,1424,211,1906]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 53. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (46) head; (47) antenna 1; (48) antenna 2, lateral view; (49) antenna 2, lateral view, inner face, in part; (50) urosome; (51) mandible, left; (52) mandible, right; (53) mandibular palp. Scale bars 0.2 mm, if not indicated otherwise." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281126/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
|
||
) 0.25 × longer than article 3 with 10 simple setae, article 3 bearing 3 A-setae, two groups of 3 B-setae, 32 D-setae and 5 E-setae; incisor of right mandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD48C9000FA8ECE704" box="[404,486,1801,1825]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 53" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1927,1950]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,233,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[162,1424,211,1906]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 53. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (46) head; (47) antenna 1; (48) antenna 2, lateral view; (49) antenna 2, lateral view, inner face, in part; (50) urosome; (51) mandible, left; (52) mandible, right; (53) mandibular palp. Scale bars 0.2 mm, if not indicated otherwise." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281126/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
|
||
) 4–dentate, lacinia mobilis bifurcate, setal row with 11 serrate trifurcate setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD4C3C000CA9D8E760" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Maxilla 1</emphasis>
|
||
, left (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD484A002BA866E760" box="[279,364,1837,1861]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 62" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[177,1417,213,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[161,1426,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 62. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (54) maxilla 2; (55) maxilla 1, left; (56) inosculate setae of maxilla 1 inner plate; (57) palp of maxilla 1, right; (58) upper lip; (59) lower lip; (60) maxilliped; (61) outer plate of maxilliped; (62) inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281127/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
|
||
): inner plate with 21 plumose setae, outer plate with 10 pectinate robust setae; left palp feeble, palp articles 1–2 have a length ratio of 0.27:1, article 2 bearing 8 short strong plumose and 5 simple stiff setae on apex; right palp massive (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD48E30073AB19E7A8" box="[446,531,1909,1933]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 62" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[177,1417,213,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[161,1426,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 62. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (54) maxilla 2; (55) maxilla 1, left; (56) inosculate setae of maxilla 1 inner plate; (57) palp of maxilla 1, right; (58) upper lip; (59) lower lip; (60) maxilliped; (61) outer plate of maxilliped; (62) inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281127/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
|
||
), articles 1–2 have a length ratio of 0.30:1, article 2 bearing 4 strong peg setae separated by cuticular hillock from 1 strong and 2 stiff setae on apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1758FFFD4AF2009FAD16E794" box="[943,1052,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Maxilla 2</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1758FFFD4D70009FAD70E794" box="[1069,1146,1945,1969]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 62" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[177,1417,213,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[161,1426,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 62. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (54) maxilla 2; (55) maxilla 1, left; (56) inosculate setae of maxilla 1 inner plate; (57) palp of maxilla 1, right; (58) upper lip; (59) lower lip; (60) maxilliped; (61) outer plate of maxilliped; (62) inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281127/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig.54</figureCitation>
|
||
): inner plate with oblique row of 34–36 small plumose setae on inner margin; outer plate almost twice broader than inner plate with 5 stiff serrate and 10 slender setae on apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175FFFFA4B15079FABBCE095" box="[584,694,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Upper lip</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4B9A0791AA2BE08A" box="[711,801,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 62" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[177,1417,213,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[161,1426,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 62. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (54) maxilla 2; (55) maxilla 1, left; (56) inosculate setae of maxilla 1 inner plate; (57) palp of maxilla 1, right; (58) upper lip; (59) lower lip; (60) maxilliped; (61) outer plate of maxilliped; (62) inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 58</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4A720791AA70E08A" box="[815,890,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 86 – 89" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[166,1423,1289,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,1275,1883]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 86 – 89. Different conditions of upper lip of Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 15.0 mm: (86) dorsal view (with visible adjoining sclerite); male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (87) dorsal view; (88) ventral view; male, 15.0 mm: (89) hook damaged owing to careless preparation, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281133/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">86–89</figureCitation>
|
||
): subrhomboid, with two acute lower lobes and minute setae at apex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175FFFFA48DA07BBA8F8E0F1" box="[391,498,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Lower lip</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4B5F07BAAB5CE0F1" box="[514,598,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 62" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[177,1417,213,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[161,1426,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 62. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (54) maxilla 2; (55) maxilla 1, left; (56) inosculate setae of maxilla 1 inner plate; (57) palp of maxilla 1, right; (58) upper lip; (59) lower lip; (60) maxilliped; (61) outer plate of maxilliped; (62) inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
|
||
): inner lobes indistinct.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175FFFFA4A3C07BAAAD0E0F1" box="[865,986,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Maxilliped</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4AB707BAAD34E0F1" box="[1002,1086,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 62" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[177,1417,213,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[161,1426,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 62. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (54) maxilla 2; (55) maxilla 1, left; (56) inosculate setae of maxilla 1 inner plate; (57) palp of maxilla 1, right; (58) upper lip; (59) lower lip; (60) maxilliped; (61) outer plate of maxilliped; (62) inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
|
||
): peduncle trapeziform without setae on inner face, 1 stiff setae on disto-lateral corner; inner plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4AD207D9AAEAE0D2" box="[911,992,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 62" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[177,1417,213,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[161,1426,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 62. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (54) maxilla 2; (55) maxilla 1, left; (56) inosculate setae of maxilla 1 inner plate; (57) palp of maxilla 1, right; (58) upper lip; (59) lower lip; (60) maxilliped; (61) outer plate of maxilliped; (62) inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 3 simple strong peg setae accompanied with simple and plumose setae on apex, 11 plumose setae on inner margin; outer plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4D9F0602AC1EE139" box="[1218,1300,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 62" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[177,1417,213,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[161,1426,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 62. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (54) maxilla 2; (55) maxilla 1, left; (56) inosculate setae of maxilla 1 inner plate; (57) palp of maxilla 1, right; (58) upper lip; (59) lower lip; (60) maxilliped; (61) outer plate of maxilliped; (62) inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a row of 15 medial robust naked setae and with parallel row of 29 stiff setae, 3 robust plumose and 2 long pappose setae on apex; palp four articulate, article 2 weak with 8 serrate setae at outer margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B20F1175FFFFA49CA024BAADAE541" box="[151,976,1357,1380]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281125/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[151,1436,409,1335]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175FFFFA49CA024BAADAE541" blockId="12.[151,976,1357,1380]" box="[151,976,1357,1380]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175FFFFA49CA024BA82AE546" bold="true" box="[151,288,1357,1380]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 45.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175FFFFA48780249A8C7E541" box="[293,461,1358,1380]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175FFFFA48780249A8C7E541" box="[293,461,1358,1380]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2331110175FFFFA48870248AB21E546" box="[474,555,1358,1379]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175FFFFA48870248AB21E546" bold="true" box="[474,555,1358,1379]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, from left side, male, 15.0 mm, paratype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175FFFFA4994028AAC97E7C6" blockId="12.[151,1437,1419,2019]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175FFFFA4994028AA829E581" bold="true" box="[201,291,1420,1444]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pereon.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175FFFFA4876028DA8B4E586" box="[299,446,1419,1443]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Gnathopod 1</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4890028DAB28E586" box="[461,546,1419,1443]" captionStart="FIGURES 63 – 66" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1929,1952]" captionTargetBox="[184,1395,190,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[172,1414,171,1909]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 63 – 66. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (63) gnathopod 1; (64) propodus of gnathopod 1; (65) gnathopod 2; (66) propodus of gnathopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281128/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
|
||
): coxal plate deep, sub-linear, ventral margin with 3 short setae on anterior and posterior corners; basis stout with long simple setae on anterior and posterior margins; carpus 0.75 × as long as propodus; propodus of gnathopod 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4B6702D5AB81E5CE" box="[570,651,1491,1515]" captionStart="FIGURES 63 – 66" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1929,1952]" captionTargetBox="[184,1395,190,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[172,1414,171,1909]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 63 – 66. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (63) gnathopod 1; (64) propodus of gnathopod 1; (65) gnathopod 2; (66) propodus of gnathopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281128/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
|
||
) as long as propodus of gnathopod 2; propodus sub-triangular, ovate, palm straight with cutting margin developed and armed with 1 distally notched robust setae on medial face, 2 long distally notched robust setae near defining angle; posterior margin shorter than palm bearing six groups of small robust setae; dactylus with 1 seta on outer face.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175FFFFA4BE10139AA5AE672" box="[700,848,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Gnathopod 2</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4A3C0139AABEE672" box="[865,948,1599,1623]" captionStart="FIGURES 63 – 66" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1929,1952]" captionTargetBox="[184,1395,190,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[172,1414,171,1909]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 63 – 66. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (63) gnathopod 1; (64) propodus of gnathopod 1; (65) gnathopod 2; (66) propodus of gnathopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281128/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
|
||
) larger than gnathopod 1; coxal plate deep ventral margin narrowed with 3 short setae on anterior and posterior corners; basis stout with long simple setae on anterior and posterior margins; carpus 0.85 × as long as propodus; propodus sub-rectangular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4DAF0181AC41E6BA" box="[1266,1355,1671,1695]" captionStart="FIGURES 63 – 66" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1929,1952]" captionTargetBox="[184,1395,190,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[172,1414,171,1909]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 63 – 66. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (63) gnathopod 1; (64) propodus of gnathopod 1; (65) gnathopod 2; (66) propodus of gnathopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281128/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
|
||
), palm slightly concave with cutting margin developed and armed with 1 distally notched robust setae on medial face, two pairs of distally notched robust setae near defining angle three of them long; posterior margin 1.5 × longer than palm with 7 sets of setae; dactylus similar to that of gnathopod 1.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175FFFFA4ADA01F5AD03E72E" box="[903,1033,1779,1803]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pereopod 3</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4D4701F5AD65E72E" box="[1050,1135,1779,1803]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 74" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[219,1366,185,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[197,1389,161,1966]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 74. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (67) pereopod 3; (68) pereopod 4; (69) pleopod 3; (70) uropod 1; (71) uropod 2; (72) uropod 3; (73) terminal article of uropod 3; (74) telson. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281129/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
|
||
): shorter than pereopods 6 and 7, sub-equal in length to pereopod 5; coxal plate rather deep with 3 short setae on ventral margin; basis sub-linear with sets of long setae on anterior and posterior margins; merus densely setose with long sparse uncurved setae on posterior margin; carpus setose with long sparse setae accompanied by 6 short robust setae on posterior margin; propodus setose with 5 sets of long setae accompanied by 6 short robust setae; dactylus about 35% length of corresponding propodus, bearing 1 simple seta on outer margin and 2 setae in base of nail.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175FFFFA4D3000A1ADFAE79A" box="[1133,1264,1959,1983]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pereopod 4</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175FFFFA4C5D00A1AC5CE79A" box="[1280,1366,1959,1983]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 74" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[219,1366,185,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[197,1389,161,1966]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 74. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (67) pereopod 3; (68) pereopod 4; (69) pleopod 3; (70) uropod 1; (71) uropod 2; (72) uropod 3; (73) terminal article of uropod 3; (74) telson. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281129/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
|
||
): subsimilar to pereopod 3 but distinctly shorter; coxal plate sub-quadrate bearing 7 short setae along ventral margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175EFFFB49CA079EAC3BE1AD" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB49CA079EA834E08A" box="[151,318,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pereopods 5–7</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB48100791A8DAE08A" box="[333,464,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 75 – 77" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1600,1623]" captionTargetBox="[186,1402,184,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[169,1418,165,1579]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 75 – 77. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (75) pereopod 5; (76) pereopod 6; (77) pereopod 7. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281130/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 75–77</figureCitation>
|
||
): slender, sub-similar but pereopod 6 longest; pereopod 7 0.95 × as long as pereopod 6; coxal plates 5–7 bilobate, posterior lobes indistinct and armed with 3–8 short setae on posterior margin; bases with slightly serrate posterior margins, basis 5 with disto-posterior lobe acute, bases 5 and 6 elongate and tapered downward, disto-posterior margins straight or convex; meri densely setose with minute setules; carpi 6 and 7 elongate, 1.8 × as long as corresponding meri; posterior margins of propodi 5 and 6 bearing 4 sets of short to long setae; dactyli about 25–32% length of corresponding propodi, bearing 1 simple seta on outer margin and 2 setae in base of nail.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB49920676A870E1AD" box="[207,378,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Coxal gills 2–7</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB48D40669A8EAE1A2" box="[393,480,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 63 – 66" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1929,1952]" captionTargetBox="[184,1395,190,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[172,1414,171,1909]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 63 – 66. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (63) gnathopod 1; (64) propodus of gnathopod 1; (65) gnathopod 2; (66) propodus of gnathopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281128/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 65</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB48B10669AB03E1A2" box="[492,521,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 75 – 77" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1600,1623]" captionTargetBox="[186,1402,184,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[169,1418,165,1579]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 75 – 77. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (75) pereopod 5; (76) pereopod 6; (77) pereopod 7. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281130/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">77</figureCitation>
|
||
) stalked and saccular;
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4A550676AAB3E1AD" box="[776,953,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">genital papillae</emphasis>
|
||
on ventral surface of pereonite 7.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175EFFFB49940692A9DCE485" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB49940692A819E189" bold="true" box="[201,275,404,428]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pleon.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB48410693A8A5E189" box="[284,431,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Epimera 1–3</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB489C0692AB1DE189" box="[449,535,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURES 78 – 80" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,415,1649]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[174,1413,397,1656]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 78 – 80. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (78) epimera 1 – 3; (79) pleopod 1; (80) pleopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281131/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 78</figureCitation>
|
||
): epimeron 1 with 16 long and 1 robust notched setae on anteroventral corner, posterior corner obtuse, recessed, posterior margin with 3 setae; epimeron 2 posterior corner acute, tapered, posterior margin sinuate, bearing 7 robust and 2 stiff setae in two rows on sub-ventral margin and 4 setae on posterior margin; epimeron 3 disto-posterior corner weakly produced, bearing 5 notched and 2 stiff setae on sub-ventral margin, posterior margin unarmed.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB48A10522AB9FE219" box="[508,661,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pleopods 1–3</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB4BFB0522AA23E219" box="[678,809,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 78 – 80" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,415,1649]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[174,1413,397,1656]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 78 – 80. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (78) epimera 1 – 3; (79) pleopod 1; (80) pleopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281131/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 79, 80</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB4A680522AA5FE219" box="[821,853,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 74" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[219,1366,185,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[197,1389,161,1966]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 74. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (67) pereopod 3; (68) pereopod 4; (69) pleopod 3; (70) uropod 1; (71) uropod 2; (72) uropod 3; (73) terminal article of uropod 3; (74) telson. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281129/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">69</figureCitation>
|
||
): subequal, peduncle with 2 retinacula each accompanied by 1–4 simple setae on anterior corner; 2 or 3 bifurcate setae on outer margin of first article of inner ramus; small process enclosed with plumose setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB4BCB056AABE1E2A1" box="[662,747,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURES 78 – 80" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1676,1699]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,415,1649]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[174,1413,397,1656]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 78 – 80. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (78) epimera 1 – 3; (79) pleopod 1; (80) pleopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281131/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
|
||
) on inner face of first articles of outer rami; rami flattened dorso-ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB48090596A8D1E28D" box="[340,475,656,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 81 – 85" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1110,1133]" captionTargetBox="[168,1426,360,1083]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,349,1089]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 81 – 85. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (81) flagellum of antenna 2, ventral view, in part; (82) the same enlarged; (83) flagellum of antenna 2, lateral view, in part; (84) pleopod 1, ventral view, in part; (85) pleopod 1, lateral view, in part. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281132/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 84, 85</figureCitation>
|
||
), sub-equal in length and fringed with plumose setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4D080597ADB1E28D" box="[1109,1211,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Urosome</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB4D900596AC2DE28D" box="[1229,1319,656,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1357,1380]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1335]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,409,1336]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 45. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., from left side, male, 15.0 mm, paratype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281125/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 45</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB4C6B0596AC5CE28D" box="[1334,1366,656,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 53" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1927,1950]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,233,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[162,1424,211,1906]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 53. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (46) head; (47) antenna 1; (48) antenna 2, lateral view; (49) antenna 2, lateral view, inner face, in part; (50) urosome; (51) mandible, left; (52) mandible, right; (53) mandibular palp. Scale bars 0.2 mm, if not indicated otherwise." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281126/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">50</figureCitation>
|
||
): urosomites 1–3 dorsally prominent with 2 or 3 groups of robust notched and sparse fine setae; lateral groups of setae on urosomites 1–2 located angularly.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4B1C05DEABA4E2D5" box="[577,686,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Uropod 1</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB4BE205DEAA1FE2D5" box="[703,789,728,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 74" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[219,1366,185,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[197,1389,161,1966]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 74. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (67) pereopod 3; (68) pereopod 4; (69) pleopod 3; (70) uropod 1; (71) uropod 2; (72) uropod 3; (73) terminal article of uropod 3; (74) telson. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281129/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 70</figureCitation>
|
||
): slender, rami tapered; peduncle with 1 small basofacial seta, outer margin with 4 and inner margin with 1 setae; inner ramus 1.1 × as long as outer ramus, 65% length of peduncle; inner ramus with 1 seta on outer margin; outer ramus with 2 setae on inner margin; both rami with 4 distal simple setae, two of them long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4B6E0442ABAAE379" box="[563,672,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Uropod 2</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB4BEE0442AA00E379" box="[691,778,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 74" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[219,1366,185,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[197,1389,161,1966]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 74. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (67) pereopod 3; (68) pereopod 4; (69) pleopod 3; (70) uropod 1; (71) uropod 2; (72) uropod 3; (73) terminal article of uropod 3; (74) telson. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281129/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 71</figureCitation>
|
||
): slender, rami tapered; peduncle 0.6 × longer than outer ramus, with 3 setae on inner margin, outer margin with 1 seta; outer ramus 0.75 × as long as inner ramus, both margins unarmed; inner ramus with 2 setae on outer margin; both rami with 3 distal setae but outer ramus with 2 subdistal setae additionally.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB48F104B6AB1DE3ED" box="[428,535,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Uropod 3</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB4B7B04B6ABA3E3ED" box="[550,681,944,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 74" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[219,1366,185,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[197,1389,161,1966]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 74. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (67) pereopod 3; (68) pereopod 4; (69) pleopod 3; (70) uropod 1; (71) uropod 2; (72) uropod 3; (73) terminal article of uropod 3; (74) telson. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281129/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 72, 73</figureCitation>
|
||
): biramous, rami lanceolate; peduncle with 1 seta on lateral surface and two groups of robust setae at distal margin; inner ramus long, 0.45 × longer than peduncle and about 0.80 × as long as outer ramus, inner and outer margins with plumose setae; proximal article of outer ramus with 3 robust setae accompanied with long plumose setae on outer margin, inner margin densely setose with 12 sets of long plumose setae, terminal article twice longer than 3 adjacent notched setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4A800346AD28E47D" box="[989,1058,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Telson</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB4D650346AD9AE47D" box="[1080,1168,1088,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 67 – 74" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1979,2002]" captionTargetBox="[219,1366,185,1951]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[197,1389,161,1966]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 67 – 74. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (67) pereopod 3; (68) pereopod 4; (69) pleopod 3; (70) uropod 1; (71) uropod 2; (72) uropod 3; (73) terminal article of uropod 3; (74) telson. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281129/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
|
||
): longer than uropod 3 peduncle; slightly longer than broad, completely cleft; each lobe with 3 apical notched setae accompanied by thin setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175EFFFB499403ADABE0E529" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB499403ADA845E4E1" bold="true" box="[201,335,1195,1220]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Variability.</emphasis>
|
||
The number of setae on the inner plate of maxilla 1 varies between 20 and 21. Infrequently, twin (inosculate) setae occur (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175EFFFB48F203D6AB0AE4CD" box="[431,512,1232,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 62" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[177,1417,213,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[161,1426,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 62. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (54) maxilla 2; (55) maxilla 1, left; (56) inosculate setae of maxilla 1 inner plate; (57) palp of maxilla 1, right; (58) upper lip; (59) lower lip; (60) maxilliped; (61) outer plate of maxilliped; (62) inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
|
||
) in the same location, which may be considered to be a malformation. Article 2 of the right palp maxilla 1 bears 4 or 5 strong peg setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175EFFFB49940211ABC7E515" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" box="[201,717,1303,1328]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB49940211A8B3E515" bold="true" box="[201,441,1303,1328]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
|
||
No females were found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175EFFFB4994023DAD3EE62D" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4994023DA8DCE571" bold="true" box="[201,470,1339,1364]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Taxonomic comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB48BD023BAB97E571" box="[480,669,1340,1364]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB48BD023BAB97E571" box="[480,669,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2331110175EFFFB4BFB023AAA09E571" box="[678,771,1340,1364]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4BFB023AAA09E571" bold="true" box="[678,771,1340,1364]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
possesses several unique features that distinguish it from known species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB48CE0266A8C5E55D" box="[403,463,1376,1400]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB48CE0266A8C5E55D" box="[403,463,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pulex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group and that contradict the genus diagnosis based on the type-species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D88175EFFFB4C1D0266A9EBE5B9" author="Pinkster" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Pinkster, S. (1970) Redescription of Gammarus pulex (Limnaeus, 1758) based on neotype material (Amphipoda). Crustaceana, 18, 177 - 186." type="journal article" year="1970">Pinkster (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D88175EFFFB487C0283AB5AE5B9" author="Karaman" box="[289,592,1412,1436]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Karaman, G. S. & Pinkster, S. (1977) Freshwater Gammarus species from Europe, North Africa and adjacent regions of Asia (Crustacea-Amphipoda). Part. 1. Gammarus pulex - group and related species. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 47, 1 - 97." type="journal article" year="1977">Karaman & Pinkster 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pp. 8–13). These features include the following: outer plate of maxilla 1 with broad pectinate robust setae similar to a scraper but not similar to a comb; oblique row of inner plates of maxilla 2 with a bushy row of thin, small, plumose setae; setal row of mandibles with trifurcate setae; lower lip with vestigial inner lobes; and epistome of upper lip with hooks (see discussion below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E23F2175EFFFB49940113AD32E7F9" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175EFFFB49940113ADE8E6C5" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB49940113A88EE609" ID-CoL="3F889" box="[201,388,1556,1580]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB49940113A88EE609" box="[201,388,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2331110175EFFFB48D60112A8ECE609" box="[395,486,1556,1580]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB48D60112A8ECE609" bold="true" box="[395,486,1556,1580]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
shares some similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB4A610113AAB6E609" ID-CoL="6K99B" box="[828,956,1556,1580]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4A610113AAB6E609" box="[828,956,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D88175EFFFB4AA40112ADEEE609" author="Barnard" box="[1017,1252,1556,1580]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Barnard, J. L. & Dai, A. - Y. (1988) Four species of Gammarus (Amphipoda) from China. Sinozoologia, 6, 85 - 112." type="journal article" year="1988">Barnard & Dai 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), such as a deep rounded inferior antennal sinus, a relatively short antenna 1, and slender dactyli of pereopods 3–7 besides
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4C64013FA9B7E651" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. l a c u s - tris</emphasis>
|
||
is also similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB48DE015BAB9DE651" authority="Safronov, 2006" authorityName="Safronov" authorityYear="2006" box="[387,663,1628,1652]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanhi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB48DE015BA8E8E651" box="[387,482,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. hanhi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D88175EFFFB48B4015AAB9DE651" author="Safronov" box="[489,663,1628,1652]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Safronov, G. P. (2006) Gammaridae of Lake Hovsgol. In: Goulden, C. E., Sitnikova, T., Gelhaus, J. & Boldgiv, B. (Eds), The Geology, Biodiversity and Ecology of Lake Hovsgol (Mongolia). Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, pp. 201 - 216." type="book chapter" year="2006">Safronov, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB4B8F015BAD85E651" ID-CoL="3F8N7" authority="Zamanpoore et al., 2009" authorityName="Zamanpoore et al." authorityYear="2009" box="[722,1167,1628,1652]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zagrosensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4B8F015BAA79E651" box="[722,883,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. zagrosensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D88175EFFFB4A24015BAD85E651" author="Zamanpoore" box="[889,1167,1628,1652]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Zamanpoore, M., Poeckl, M., Grabowski, M. & Schiemer, F. (2009) Two new sympatric species of freshwater Gammarus (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from Southern Zagros Region, Iran. Zootaxa, 2136, 21 - 39." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Zamanpoore
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4D53015BAD35E651" box="[1038,1087,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB48010187A8D6E6BD" ID-CoL="6K99B" box="[348,476,1664,1688]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB48010187A8D6E6BD" box="[348,476,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the sub-rectangular shape of gnathopod 2 propodus, elongated pereopods, urosomites that are dorsal with elevation, and the pattern setation of antenna 2 which are different but bear some resemblance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB481B01CFA8C6E6C5" ID-CoL="3F8C6" box="[326,460,1736,1760]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB481B01CFA8C6E6C5" box="[326,460,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. fossarum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to the stiff, long bifurcate setae on the inner face of the flagellum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175EFFFB499401EAAD32E7F9" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
The following features (the number of characteristics of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB4A1C01EBAA9FE721" ID-CoL="3F889" box="[833,917,1772,1796]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4A1C01EBAA9FE721" box="[833,917,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2331110175EFFFB4AC001EAAAFCE721" box="[925,1014,1772,1796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4AC001EAAAFCE721" bold="true" box="[925,1014,1772,1796]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are in parentheses) are common to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB4CD901EBA9C4E70D" ID-CoL="3F889" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4CD901EBA9C4E70D" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2331110175EFFFB49880016A825E70D" box="[213,303,1808,1832]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB49880016A825E70D" bold="true" box="[213,303,1808,1832]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB483B0016ABD8E702" authority="Hou & Li, 2003" authorityName="Hou & Li" authorityYear="2003" box="[358,722,1807,1832]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niglangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB483B0016AB19E70D" box="[358,531,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. niglangensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D88175EFFFB4B470016ABD8E702" author="Hou" box="[538,722,1807,1831]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Hou, Z. & Li, S. (2003) Two new freshwater gammarids (Crustacea: Amphipoda) from Lake Luge, China. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 110, 547 - 564." type="journal article" year="2003">Hou & Li, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from Lugu Lake, Yunnan,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36330E9175EFFFB4D550009AD45E702" box="[1032,1103,1807,1831]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
: inner plate of maxilla 1 with 17 (21) setae, maxilla 2 with 25 (34–36) setae in oblique row, molar large, epimeron 2 with two rows of setae on the subventral margin, and lateral groups of robust setae on urosomites 1–2 located angularly (this feature is also common to several other gammarid species). Both species differ significantly in the shape and armament of gnathopod 1–2 propodi, pereopods 3–7 and uropods 1–2; however, the rami of uropod 3 of
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4D2E00A7ADCFE79D" box="[1139,1221,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. a l i u s</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4D8D00A6AC20E79D" bold="true" box="[1232,1322,1952,1976]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
are rather lanceolate and most closely resembles those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175EFFFB4BF700C3AD3EE7F9" ID-CoL="3F8GS" authority="Mateus & Mateus, 1990" authorityName="Mateus & Mateus" authorityYear="1990" box="[682,1076,1988,2012]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odettae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175EFFFB4BF700C3AA11E7F9" box="[682,795,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">G. odettae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D88175EFFFB4A7F00C3AD3EE7F9" author="Mateus" box="[802,1076,1988,2012]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refString="Mateus, A., & Mateus, E. (1990) Etude d'une collection d'amphipodes, specialement du sud-ouest asiatique, du Museum d'Historie Naturelle de Vienne (Autriche). Annales des naturhistorischer Museum, Wien, 91 B, 273 - 33." type="book chapter" year="1990">Mateus & Mateus, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E23F2175DFFF94994079EA89AE70F" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175DFFF84994079EAD1FE08A" blockId="14.[201,1045,151,176]" box="[201,1045,151,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175DFFF84994079EA86FE095" bold="true" box="[201,357,151,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CFCEDB175DFFF84994079EA808E095" box="[201,258,152,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Central Tien-Shan, Chatyr-Kul Lake (40º
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4016BE175DFFF84A660791AA81E08A" box="[827,907,151,175]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="5555" value="58.3">58.3 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 75º
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4016BE175DFFF84AE60791AD02E08A" box="[955,1032,151,175]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="5555" value="32.0">32.0 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B20F1175DFFF849CA0081AB62E7FE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281126/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[176,1411,233,1885]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175DFFF849CA0081AB62E7FE" blockId="14.[151,1436,1927,2011]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175DFFF849CA0081A85EE7B8" bold="true" box="[151,340,1927,1950]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURES 46–53.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175DFFF84804008EAB0BE7B8" box="[345,513,1927,1949]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175DFFF84804008EAB0BE7B8" box="[345,513,1927,1949]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2331110175DFFF84B50008EAB57E7B8" box="[525,605,1928,1949]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175DFFF84B50008EAB57E7B8" bold="true" box="[525,605,1928,1949]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (46) head; (47) antenna 1; (48) antenna 2, lateral view; (49) antenna 2, lateral view, inner face, in part; (50) urosome; (51) mandible, left; (52) mandible, right; (53) mandibular palp. Scale bars 0.2 mm, if not indicated otherwise.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B20F1175CFFF949CA0168AA00E6E4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281127/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" targetBox="[177,1417,213,1612]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175CFFF949CA0168AA00E6E4" blockId="15.[151,1436,1646,1729]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175CFFF949CA0168A85CE6A6" bold="true" box="[151,342,1646,1669]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURES 54–62.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175CFFF948030169AB02E6A1" box="[350,520,1646,1668]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175CFFF948030169AB02E6A1" box="[350,520,1646,1668]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2331110175CFFF94B4A0169AB63E6A1" box="[535,617,1647,1668]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175CFFF94B4A0169AB63E6A1" bold="true" box="[535,617,1647,1668]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (54) maxilla 2; (55) maxilla 1, left; (56) inosculate setae of maxilla 1 inner plate; (57) palp of maxilla 1, right; (58) upper lip; (59) lower lip; (60) maxilliped; (61) outer plate of maxilliped; (62) inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars 0.2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175CFFF9499401E8A89AE70F" blockId="15.[151,1436,1774,2015]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175CFFF9499401E8A827E723" bold="true" box="[201,301,1774,1798]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Species dwells among clumps of hydrophytic plants in Chatyr-Kul Lake on the depth
|
||
<quantity id="4C8CDD9C175CFFF94DAE01E8AC32E723" box="[1267,1336,1774,1798]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
|
||
and predominates in quantity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E23F2175CFFF949940030AAA5E76B" box="[201,943,1846,1870]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175CFFF949940030AAA5E76B" blockId="15.[151,1436,1774,2015]" box="[201,943,1846,1870]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175CFFF949940030A845E76B" bold="true" box="[201,335,1846,1870]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Species epithet
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175CFFF94B5B0030AB36E76B" box="[518,572,1846,1870]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175CFFF94B5B0030AB36E76B" box="[518,572,1846,1870]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lat.) adjective means “another”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E23F2175CFFE34994005CA87AE2A1" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB7079175CFFE44994005CAB3FE73C" blockId="15.[151,1436,1774,2015]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,1693,2030]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175CFFF94994005CA844E756" bold="true" box="[201,334,1882,1907]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
It is important to clarify the terminology relative to the morphology of antenna 2 flagellum. The widespread term “swollen” used to indicate the modified articles of the antenna 2 flagellum is misleading because it does not reflect that the flagellum is different in form depending on how it is viewed. In side view the flagellum of antenna 2 is apparently slender (non-swollen) for most species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA175CFFF94D4C00C1AD85E7FB" box="[1041,1167,1991,2014]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B175CFFF94D4C00C1AD85E7FB" box="[1041,1167,1991,2014]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Gammarus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC175CFFF94DC200C0ADFAE7FB" box="[1183,1264,1990,2014]" captionStart="FIGURES 81 – 85" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1110,1133]" captionTargetBox="[168,1426,360,1083]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,349,1089]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 81 – 85. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (81) flagellum of antenna 2, ventral view, in part; (82) the same enlarged; (83) flagellum of antenna 2, lateral view, in part; (84) pleopod 1, ventral view, in part; (85) pleopod 1, lateral view, in part. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281132/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 83</figureCitation>
|
||
) but if viewed ventrally (or dorsally) the flagellum specifically appears flattened (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1741FFE44AF4019BAD3FE690" box="[937,1077,1693,1717]" captionStart="FIGURES 81 – 85" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1110,1133]" captionTargetBox="[168,1426,360,1083]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,349,1089]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 81 – 85. Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (81) flagellum of antenna 2, ventral view, in part; (82) the same enlarged; (83) flagellum of antenna 2, lateral view, in part; (84) pleopod 1, ventral view, in part; (85) pleopod 1, lateral view, in part. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281132/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs 81, 82</figureCitation>
|
||
). The flattened dorso-ventrally viewed flagellum creates an impression that all articles are swollen, but viewed laterally antenna 2 appears as a slender flagellum (non-swollen). So it is necessary to indicate the view (dorsal, ventral or lateral) when describing the condition of antenna 2 flagellum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B20F11743FFE649CA008FAA15E79B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281128/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[184,1395,190,1899]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791743FFE649CA008FAA15E79B" blockId="16.[151,1436,1929,1982]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1743FFE649CA008FA85EE7BA" bold="true" box="[151,340,1929,1952]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURES 63–66.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1743FFE64807008DAB08E785" box="[346,514,1930,1952]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1743FFE64807008DAB08E785" box="[346,514,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23311101743FFE64B52008CAB6AE7BA" box="[527,608,1930,1951]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1743FFE64B52008CAB6AE7BA" bold="true" box="[527,608,1930,1951]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (63) gnathopod 1; (64) propodus of gnathopod 1; (65) gnathopod 2; (66) propodus of gnathopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B20F11742FFE749CA00BDADCAE7D5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281129/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[219,1366,185,1951]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791742FFE749CA00BDADCAE7D5" blockId="17.[151,1436,1979,2033]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1742FFE749CA00BDA859E7F5" bold="true" box="[151,339,1979,2002]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FIGURES 67–74.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1742FFE7480400BAAB0BE7F4" box="[345,513,1979,2001]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1742FFE7480400BAAB0BE7F4" box="[345,513,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23311101742FFE74B5000BAAB57E7F4" box="[525,605,1980,2001]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1742FFE74B5000BAAB57E7F4" bold="true" box="[525,605,1980,2001]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (67) pereopod 3; (68) pereopod 4; (69) pleopod 3; (70) uropod 1; (71) uropod 2; (72) uropod 3; (73) terminal article of uropod 3; (74) telson. Scale bars 0.2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B20F11741FFE449CA0146A853E650" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281130/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[186,1402,184,1569]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791741FFE449CA0146A853E650" blockId="18.[151,1436,1600,1653]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE449CA0146A85CE673" bold="true" box="[151,342,1600,1623]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURES 75–77.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1741FFE448000144AB0DE672" box="[349,519,1601,1623]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE448000144AB0DE672" box="[349,519,1601,1623]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23311101741FFE44B480147AB62E673" box="[533,616,1601,1622]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE44B480147AB62E673" bold="true" box="[533,616,1601,1622]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (75) pereopod 5; (76) pereopod 6; (77) pereopod 7. Scale bars 0.2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791741FFE449940024AA96E7CB" blockId="18.[151,1437,1693,2030]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
The dorso-ventrally flattened antenna 2 flagellum is a well known significant feature that is considered to be one of the most important for taxonomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1741FFE44BDD0041AAACE77B" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[640,934,1862,1886]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE44BDD0041ABD6E77B" box="[640,732,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G. pulex</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881741FFE44BB60040AA97E77B" author="Linnaeus" box="[747,925,1862,1886]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae. In: Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, besides former the same feature is certainly common to the several species are known from Balkans,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36330E91741FFE44A7C006CAAA8E7A7" box="[801,930,1898,1922]" name="Turkey" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Asia Minor</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36330E91741FFE44A86006CAD2EE7A7" box="[987,1060,1898,1922]" name="Iran" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Persia</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1741FFE44D72006DAC72E7A7" authority="Schaferna, 1922" authorityName="Schaferna" authorityYear="1922" box="[1071,1400,1898,1922]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="komareki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE44D72006DADBFE7A7" box="[1071,1205,1898,1922]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G. komareki</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881741FFE44DE3006CAC72E7A7" author="Schaferna" box="[1214,1400,1898,1922]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Schaferna, K. (1922) Amphipoda balcanica. Vestnik Kralovske ceske spolecnosti nauk. Trida mathematicko-prirodovedecka, Praha, 2, 1 - 110." type="journal article" year="1922">Schäferna, 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1741FFE44CD9006DA8C1E783" authority="G. Karaman, 1973" authorityName="G. Karaman" authorityYear="1973" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agrarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE44CD9006DA9F2E783" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G. agrarius</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881741FFE449A00088A8C1E783" author="Karaman" box="[253,459,1934,1958]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Karaman, G. S. (1973) 53. Contribution to the knowledge of the Amphipoda. Some new or very interesting Gammarus species from southern Europe and Asia Minor. Poljoprivreda i Sumarstvo, 19 (3), 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1973">G. Karaman, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1741FFE4488B0089AA1FE783" authority="G. Karaman, 1975" authorityName="G. Karaman" authorityYear="1975" box="[470,789,1934,1958]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arduus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE4488B0089AB4BE783" box="[470,577,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G. arduus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881741FFE44B1A0088AA1FE783" author="Karaman" box="[583,789,1934,1958]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Karaman, G. S. (1975) 56. Contribution to the knowledge of the Amphipoda. Several new and very interesting Gammarus species from Asia Minor (fam. Gammaridae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 1, 311 - 343." type="journal article" year="1975">G. Karaman, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1741FFE44A420089AD6DE783" authority="G. Karaman, 1975" authorityName="G. Karaman" authorityYear="1975" box="[799,1127,1934,1958]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uludagi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE44A420089AA99E783" box="[799,915,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G. uludagi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881741FFE44AC40088AD6DE783" author="Karaman" box="[921,1127,1934,1958]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Karaman, G. S. (1975) 56. Contribution to the knowledge of the Amphipoda. Several new and very interesting Gammarus species from Asia Minor (fam. Gammaridae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 1, 311 - 343." type="journal article" year="1975">G. Karaman, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE44D2C0089ADC1E783" box="[1137,1227,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G. f r a t e r</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881741FFE44D8B0089A803E7EF" author="Karaman" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Karaman, G. S. & Pinkster, S. (1977) Freshwater Gammarus species from Europe, North Africa and adjacent regions of Asia (Crustacea-Amphipoda). Part. 1. Gammarus pulex - group and related species. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 47, 1 - 97." type="journal article" year="1977">Karaman & Pinkster, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1741FFE4484B00B5ABDEE7EF" authority="Mateus & Mateus, 1990" authorityName="Mateus & Mateus" authorityYear="1990" box="[278,724,1970,1994]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pretzmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE4484B00B5A8BEE7EF" box="[278,436,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G. pretzmanni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881741FFE448E100B5ABDEE7EF" author="Mateus" box="[444,724,1970,1994]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Mateus, A., & Mateus, E. (1990) Etude d'une collection d'amphipodes, specialement du sud-ouest asiatique, du Museum d'Historie Naturelle de Vienne (Autriche). Annales des naturhistorischer Museum, Wien, 91 B, 273 - 33." type="book chapter" year="1990">Mateus & Mateus, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE44BBC00B5AA5AE7EF" box="[737,848,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G. o d e t t a e</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881741FFE44A0000B5AD7BE7EF" author="Mateus" box="[861,1137,1970,1994]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Mateus, A., & Mateus, E. (1990) Etude d'une collection d'amphipodes, specialement du sud-ouest asiatique, du Museum d'Historie Naturelle de Vienne (Autriche). Annales des naturhistorischer Museum, Wien, 91 B, 273 - 33." type="book chapter" year="1990">Mateus & Mateus, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1741FFE44DF100B5A817E7CB" authority="Ozbek & Balik, 2009" authorityName="Ozbek & Balik" authorityYear="2009" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="topkarai">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1741FFE44DF100B5AC21E7EF" box="[1196,1323,1970,1994]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">G. topkarai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881741FFE44C6900B4A817E7CB" author="Ozbek" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refString="Ozbek M. & Balik, S. (2009) A new freshwater amphipod species, Gammarus topkarai sp. nov., from Turkey (Amphipoda: Gammaridae), with a key for Turkish freshwater Gammarus species. Zootaxa, 2073, 45 - 56." type="journal article" year="2009">Özbek & Balik, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. All of them generally dwells in the running freshwaters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791740FFE54994079EAD8DE141" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
In addition, the flattened rami of pleopods 1–3 correspond to most gammarid species to a varying degree, probably due to the increase in the “paddle surface” of the appendices that are used for swimming. The pleopods of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE549CA07E6A9E1E0DD" box="[151,235,224,248]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE549CA07E6A9E1E0DD" box="[151,235,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">G. alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23311101740FFE549AF07E6A846E0DD" box="[242,332,224,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE549AF07E6A846E0DD" bold="true" box="[242,332,224,248]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
have a bulge (exopodal clasping hook) that has been noted in several taxa of amphipods (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881740FFE54C6807D9A9D8E139" author="Boudrias" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Boudrias, M. A. (2002) Are pleopods just " more legs "? The functional morphology of swimming limbs in Eurythenes gryllus (Amphipoda). Journal of Crustacean Biology, 22, 581 - 594." type="journal article" year="2002">Boudrias 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881740FFE549800602A873E139" author="Sidorov" box="[221,377,260,284]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Sidorov, D. A. (2010) A new subgenus of eusirid amphipod (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Eusiridae) from subterranean waters and springs of the Eastern Sikhote-Alin Mountain Ridge, with comments on the morphology of sternal humps, genital papillae and pleopods. Zootaxa, 2518, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="2010">Sidorov 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, almost the same structure with a barely noticeable bulge were identified by myself in some other species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE54B7D062EAB96E11A" box="[544,668,296,319]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE54B7D062EAB96E11A" box="[544,668,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Gammarus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including those for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE54ADB062EAD42E165" box="[902,1096,296,320]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="montaniformis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE54ADB062EAD42E165" box="[902,1096,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">G. montaniformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23311101740FFE54D0D062EADA0E11A" box="[1104,1194,296,320]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE54D0D062EADA9E165" bold="true" box="[1104,1187,296,320]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
As noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881740FFE54C1D0621A9EEE141" author="Grinzov" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Grinzov, V. A. (2010) Morphofunctional operation factors of pleopods of amphipods and some moments of phylogeny and taxonomy. Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Naturalists, Biological Series, 115, 36 - 42. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2010">Grinzov (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, it is likely that the bulges function to synchronise the movement of both branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B20F11740FFE549CA018AA853E6E7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281131/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" targetBox="[192,1398,415,1649]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791740FFE549CA018AA853E6E7" blockId="19.[151,1436,1676,1730]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE549CA018AA85CE687" bold="true" box="[151,342,1676,1699]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURES 78–80.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE548030188AB03E686" box="[350,521,1677,1699]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE548030188AB03E686" box="[350,521,1677,1699]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23311101740FFE54B45018BAB61E687" box="[536,619,1677,1698]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE54B45018BAB61E687" bold="true" box="[536,619,1677,1698]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (78) epimera 1–3; (79) pleopod 1; (80) pleopod 2. Scale bars 0.2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791740FFE249940015ADBDE139" blockId="19.[151,1436,1810,2015]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1436,151,284]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Due to the remarkable morphology of the upper lip that bears “hooks” on the epistome, it is still difficult to precisely determine the taxonomic position of this species, as similar structures have not been observed for the genus. Similar structures are indicated in the literature for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE54A6B005CADF9E757" authority="Fabricius, 1779" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1779" box="[822,1267,1882,1906]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammarellidae" genus="Gammarellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="homari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE54A6B005CAD2DE757" box="[822,1063,1882,1906]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Gammarellus homari</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881740FFE54D65005CADE0E757" author="Fabricius" box="[1080,1258,1882,1906]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1779) Reise nach Norwegen mit Bemerkungen aus del' Naturhistorie und Oekonomie. Hamburg." type="book" year="1779">Fabricius, 1779</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881740FFE54C6F005CA803E7B3" author="Schellenberg" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Schellenberg, A. (1942) Krebstiere oder Crustacea IV: Flohkrebse oder Amphipoda. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands. Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena, 40, 252 pp." type="book" year="1942">Schellenberg 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 3) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE548210078ABC0E7B3" authority="Costa, 1853" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1853" box="[380,714,1918,1943]" class="Malacostraca" family="Melitidae" genus="Elasmopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rapax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE548210078AB35E7B2" box="[380,575,1918,1943]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Elasmopus rapax</emphasis>
|
||
Costa, 1853
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881740FFE54A5E0078AAE2E7B3" author="Bellan-Santini" box="[771,1000,1918,1942]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Bellan-Santini, D. (1999) 19. Ordre des amphipodes (Amphipoda Latreile, 1816). In: Forest, A. J. (Ed.), Traite de zoologie. Anatomie, systematique, biologie (Pierre-P. Grasse). T. 7, Fasc. 3 A, Crustaces Peracarides. Memoires de'l Institut Oceanographique, Fondation Albert Ier, Prince de Monaco, pp. 93 - 176." type="journal article" year="1999">Bellan-Santini 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). I investigated several species of gammarids stored in my collection, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE54B2A00A5ABDFE79F" box="[631,725,1954,1978]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulex">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE54B2A00A5ABDFE79F" box="[631,725,1954,1978]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">G. pulex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE54BB800A5AAE1E79F" authority="Sars, 1863" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1863" box="[741,1003,1954,1978]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacustris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE54BB800A5AA6CE79F" box="[741,870,1954,1978]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">G. lacustris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881740FFE54A3200A4AAE1E79F" author="Sars" box="[879,1003,1954,1978]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Sars, G. O. (1863) Beretning om en i Sommeren 1862 foretagen zoologisk Reise i Christianias og Trondhjems Stifter. Nyt Magazin Naturvidenskaberne, 12, 193 - 340." type="journal article" year="1863">Sars, 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE54AA500A5AC7DE79F" authority="Jazdzewski, 1975" authorityName="Jazdzewski" authorityYear="1975" box="[1016,1399,1954,1978]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammarellidae" genus="Gammarellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varsoviensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE54AA500A5ADAEE79F" box="[1016,1188,1955,1978]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">G. varsoviensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881740FFE54DF100A4AC7DE79F" author="Jazdzewski" box="[1196,1399,1954,1978]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="JaZdZewski, K. (1975) Remarks on Gammarus lacustris G. O. Sars, 1863, with description of Gammarus varsoviensis n. sp. (Crustacea, Amphipoda). Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 45 (1), 71 - 86." type="journal article" year="1975">Jażdżewski, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE54CD900A5A883E7FB" authority="Koch, 1836" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1836" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE54CD900A5A9F4E7FB" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">G. fossarum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881740FFE5485900C0A883E7FB" author="Koch" box="[260,393,1990,2014]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Koch, C. L. (1836) (in Panzer, 1836). Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. Ein Beitrag zur Deutschen Fauna, 5 (1), 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1836">Koch, 1836</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE548C900C1ABE0E7FB" authority="Martynov, 1925" authorityName="Martynov" authorityYear="1925" box="[404,746,1990,2015]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammarellidae" genus="Gammarellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suifunensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE548C900C1AB25E7FB" box="[404,559,1990,2014]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">G. suifunensis</emphasis>
|
||
Martynov, 1925
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1740FFE54A7900C1AD39E7FB" authority="Ueno, 1940" authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1940" box="[804,1075,1990,2014]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammarellidae" genus="Gammarellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koreanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1740FFE54A7900C1AAA2E7FB" box="[804,936,1990,2014]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">G. koreanus</emphasis>
|
||
Ueno, 1940
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and I am sure that these species have common adjacent sclerites near the epistome but lack hooks. The epistomal hooks of
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1747FFE24DDB079EADDDE095" box="[1158,1239,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">G. a l i u s</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1747FFE24DBC079EAC33E095" bold="true" box="[1249,1337,152,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
are integrated but not articulated, and these structures are clearly evident and form a unified structure (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1747FFE24C5107BAAC9AE0F1" box="[1292,1424,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 86 – 89" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[166,1423,1289,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,1275,1883]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 86 – 89. Different conditions of upper lip of Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 15.0 mm: (86) dorsal view (with visible adjoining sclerite); male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (87) dorsal view; (88) ventral view; male, 15.0 mm: (89) hook damaged owing to careless preparation, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281133/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 86–88</figureCitation>
|
||
). There is little doubt that this feature is not an artefact due the dissection because the hooks occasionally break off with careless preparation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F6CFC1747FFE248E30602AB18E139" box="[446,530,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 86 – 89" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[166,1423,1289,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,1275,1883]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 86 – 89. Different conditions of upper lip of Gammarus alius, sp. nov., male, 15.0 mm: (86) dorsal view (with visible adjoining sclerite); male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (87) dorsal view; (88) ventral view; male, 15.0 mm: (89) hook damaged owing to careless preparation, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281133/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
|
||
). Therefore, further research using new methods is required.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B20F11747FFE249CA0350A8E9E48F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281132/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" targetBox="[168,1426,360,1083]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791747FFE249CA0350A8E9E48F" blockId="20.[151,1437,1110,1194]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1747FFE249CA0350A85EE449" bold="true" box="[151,340,1110,1133]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURES 81–85.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1747FFE24807035EAB0BE448" box="[346,513,1111,1133]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1747FFE24807035EAB0BE448" box="[346,513,1111,1133]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23311101747FFE24B520351AB55E449" box="[527,607,1111,1132]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1747FFE24B520351AB55E449" bold="true" box="[527,607,1111,1132]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (81) flagellum of antenna 2, ventral view, in part; (82) the same enlarged; (83) flagellum of antenna 2, lateral view, in part; (84) pleopod 1, ventral view, in part; (85) pleopod 1, lateral view, in part. Scale bars 0.2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B20F11747FFE249CA0076A8E2E7E6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281133/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" targetBox="[166,1423,1289,1867]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791747FFE249CA0076A8E2E7E6" blockId="20.[151,1437,1904,1987]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1747FFE249CA0076A859E7A0" bold="true" box="[151,339,1904,1927]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURES 86–89.</emphasis>
|
||
Different conditions of upper lip of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1747FFE24BE20077AA6CE7A3" box="[703,870,1904,1926]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gammaridae" genus="Gammarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alius" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1747FFE24BE20077AA6CE7A3" box="[703,870,1904,1926]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Gammarus alius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1747FFE24A2E0077AAC8E7A3" bold="true" box="[883,962,1905,1926]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23311101747FFE24A2E0077AAC8E7A3" box="[883,962,1905,1926]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, male, 15.0 mm: (86) dorsal view (with visible adjoining sclerite); male, 16.0 mm, holotype: (87) dorsal view; (88) ventral view; male, 15.0 mm: (89) hook damaged owing to careless preparation, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791746FFE349940791ADC6E1EA" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Several characters indicate a possible relation between
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1746FFE34A39079EAAB6E095" box="[868,956,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">G. a l i u s</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1746FFE34A93079EAD24E095" bold="true" box="[974,1070,152,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1746FFE34D2E079EA844E0F1" authority="Chevreux, 1908" authorityName="Chevreux" authorityYear="1908" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthogammaridae" genus="Issykogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1746FFE34D2E079EAC96E095" box="[1139,1436,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Issykogammarus hamatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881746FFE349CA07BAA844E0F1" author="Chevreux" box="[151,334,188,212]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Chevreux, Ed. (1908) Etudes sur la faune de Turkestan basees sur les materiaux recueillis par D. D. Pedaschenko 1904 - 1906. II. Crustaces Amphipodes. Travaux de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalists de St-Petersbourg, 37, 2, 91 - 102." type="journal article" year="1908">Chevreux, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, provisionally placed in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1746FFE34BBF07BAAAC5E0F1" box="[738,975,188,212]" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthogammaridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Acanthogammaridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Features common to these taxa, include the inner plates of both maxilla 1 and 2 with numerous plumose setae and uropod 3 with lanceolate rami fringed with plumose setae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1746FFE348270602AB96E139" box="[378,668,260,284]" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthogammaridae" genus="Issykogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1746FFE348270602AB96E139" box="[378,668,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Issykogammarus hamatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses the sharp shape of coxal plates and only 6–7 setal-teeth on the outer plate of maxilla 1. The presence of these features along with the lack of a complete morphology of the upper lip in Chevreux’s description makes a clear comparison of both species difficult.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881746FFE34D2C064AAC96E141" author="Barnard" box="[1137,1436,332,356]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Barnard, J. L. & Barnard, C. M. (1983) Freshwater Amphipoda of the World. Vol. 1, 2. Hayfield Associates. Mt. Vernon, Virginia. 830 pp." type="book" year="1983">Barnard & Barnard (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1746FFE3485F0676A8B4E1AD" box="[258,446,368,392]" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthogammaridae" genus="Issykogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1746FFE3485F0676A8B4E1AD" box="[258,446,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Issykogammarus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a separate group, “Baikalian Escapee”, although the authors did not explain how
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1746FFE349CA0692A859E189" box="[151,339,404,428]" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthogammaridae" genus="Issykogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1746FFE349CA0692A859E189" box="[151,339,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Issykogammarus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
got from Lake Baikal to Issyk-Kul.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE50D881746FFE34BB40692AAECE189" author="Takhteev" box="[745,998,404,428]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Takhteev, V. V. (2000) Essays on the amphipods of Lake Baikal (systematics, comparative ecology, evolution). Irkutsk State University Press, Irkutsk. 355 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="2000" yearSuffix="p">Takhteev (2000, p. 17)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
correctly pointed out the inaccuracy of this conclusion and the absence of clear evidence for placing this genus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1746FFE34A8706B1ADCDE1EA" box="[986,1223,439,463]" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthogammaridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Acanthogammaridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB70791746FFE3499A06DAA87AE2A1" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Notably, the gammarid fauna of Central Asia is quite diverse in its composition and origin. Undoubtedly, the endemic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C740BFA1746FFE349A20506A8B1E23D" box="[255,443,512,536]" class="Malacostraca" family="Acanthogammaridae" genus="Issykogammarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900AC6B1746FFE349A20506A8B1E23D" box="[255,443,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Issykogammarus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabiting the depths of Lake Issyk-Kul is an ancient element of the gammarid fauna, and probably, the origin and age of the genus is associated with the history of high altitude lakes of the central Tien- Shan. It will be interesting in the future to investigate alpine lakes in the region to clarify their relationship with the fauna of Issyk-Kul.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |