411 lines
52 KiB
XML
411 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="ED8ABE2FFB980B5180B66AE6D9D4039E" ID-CLB-Dataset="194432" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5213.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ae2ed5e5-8a85-42d9-86ef-9e558a02512f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7350036" ID-ZooBank="193AA500-8D45-4E18-BB47-339A916BB11E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1669188402342" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Horowitz, Jeremy, Opresko, Dennis, Molodtsova, Tina N., Beaman, Robin J., Cowman, Peter F. & Bridge, Tom C. L." docDate="2022" docId="03DD87941233FF97A29F226FAEA6FA00" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5213.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5213 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Aphanipathes flailum Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFE4FFEC123FFF99A208260DAF1DFFBB" masterDocTitle="Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1699412019617" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F45FE3309253D6F1A23E5B8E38212AF4">Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="60733B6A9966C9E926DF6D48D8ADA1E8" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1FABAF962D93FCCDED84ECCDD64E3344">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C4A99DD316619D84468E8623DA123379">Horowitz, Jeremy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="69D5EDDFE6F321A871999E86E4492DD7">Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, 101 Angus Smith Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia. & Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Museum of Tropical Queensland, Queensland Museum, 70 - 102 Flinders St, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="0287C44F2F0FDC6AFCDCF99625CD9ABE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3E770AB25ACBF466E5F7C7E09B68A7EC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="64C11AA8FFB887D31C7126F5AC7E0ECB">Opresko, Dennis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="354A8EE7BEC1F89CAE19189E6B20ABE4">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10 th St. & Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="136D54E64AC0E8705C82596B0BD065C9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="358BDAC65E1AD7D2A3EF129C61F791F9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="75CDA990615F91034EC7ED6992DCBFBC">Molodtsova, Tina N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AE9B2E1EBD41E9E07DDD5707EDAE6A5A">P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, 36 Nakhimovsky prt, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="23FEA989CE8E94A41A88B6F5EEE55280">Beaman, Robin J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DC521E423208D05596F07EB872F09217">College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="05F9F8EB3996AA8CE6EAB3B17C0B07F0">Cowman, Peter F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D21F033EA6E58E9AA7F92082BE8E4716">Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, 101 Angus Smith Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia. & Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Museum of Tropical Queensland, Queensland Museum, 70 - 102 Flinders St, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="444C76BA6E55B2C54B03CC5489866997">Bridge, Tom C. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CC8FCE194515E3983EA97FA8FD8B38C4">Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, 101 Angus Smith Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia. & Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Museum of Tropical Queensland, Queensland Museum, 70 - 102 Flinders St, Townsville, QLD, 4810, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="5FD7EBD0CEAFBD7DC75C477C1DECD75F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C4D4B95F38E35CC57A5A51193CEB0F59">
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<mods:date id="09D0D0DB06A5B4285E53BB9C0221594F">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="676B9A1718A5CDEC3991D6BCB02242D1">2022-11-23</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0DBB6A219B6EE588D39C0653C2A289CE">5213</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="CE673B59C9F372CE92ED618255518670" type="CLB-Dataset">194432</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="70ED7A9E158782A2D2158FA4194C9FE0" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5213.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CDF63309CC534D303C995D6A6C0C5700" type="GBIF-Dataset">ae2ed5e5-8a85-42d9-86ef-9e558a02512f</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2BB87E908606717361168578338034CE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="63CF0075883370815BD5CA3C59447650" type="Zenodo-Dep">7350036</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DD87941233FF97A29F226FAEA6FA00" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350060" ID-GBIF-Taxon="205135212" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7350060" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941233FF97A29F226FAEA6FA00" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DD87941233FF97A29F226FAEA6FA00" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="C36E65091233FF95A29F226FAD62FBC7" box="[151,639,1122,1149]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36821233FF95A29F226FAD62FBC7" blockId="12.[151,639,1122,1184]" box="[151,639,1122,1149]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="D08381EE1233FF95A29F226FAD62FBC7" bold="true" box="[151,639,1122,1149]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B900EA901233FF95A29F226FAD62FBC7" bold="true" box="[151,639,1122,1149]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C744D011233FF95A29F226FAD06FBC7" ID-CoL="e49b4e2f-4a14-484f-bb0d-f755664f1327" authority="Horowitz" authorityName="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,539,1122,1149]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flailum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B900EA901233FF95A29F226FAE83FBC6" bold="true" box="[151,414,1122,1149]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Aphanipathes flailum</emphasis>
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Horowitz
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357EB1233FF95A02A226FAD62FBC7" box="[546,639,1122,1148]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36E65091233FF95A29F228BAD75FB1B" box="[151,616,1158,1184]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36821233FF95A29F228BAD75FB1B" blockId="12.[151,639,1122,1184]" box="[151,616,1158,1184]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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(
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<figureCitation id="134F2A071233FF95A297228BAE14FB1B" box="[159,265,1158,1184]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1547,1571]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1968,1992]" captionTargetBox-0="[187,1401,380,1519]" captionTargetBox-1="[213,1408,237,1893]" captionTargetId-0="figure-119@2.[185,1402,378,1520]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@5.[151,1435,179,1942]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Locations where specimens were collected shown on a bathymetric surface map of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Blue boxes represent specimens hand collected while on SCUBA, and red circles represent specimens collected via a remotely operated vehicle." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the Antipatharia based on a 50% complete matrix containing 1,047 loci. Taxa in blue and imaged represent species described in this study." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350038" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350040" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7350038/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7350040/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
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||
and
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||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071233FF95A337228BAE52FB1B" box="[319,335,1158,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aphanipathes flailum sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80019: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C, section of terminal branchlet showing spines with tubercles; D–E, close-up of spines showing tubercle arrangement; F, image of polyps on a branch (distances between horizontal lines represent 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350050/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">6</figureCitation>
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||
; Supplementary
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<tableCitation id="C6F603391233FF95A004228BAD40FB1B" box="[524,605,1158,1184]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="11.[152,244,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of Rhipidipathes species" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0B660A1234FF92A290269AADBEFF14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" tableUuid="DF0B660A1234FF92A290269AADBEFF14">Table 1</tableCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091233FF95A29F22C3ABC3FA8B" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BCB36821233FF95A29F22C3ABC3FA8B" blockId="12.[151,1437,1230,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B900EA901233FF95A29F22C3AE62FB53" bold="true" box="[151,383,1230,1256]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B1C3CDF1233FF95A38B22C3ABC3FA8B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3970442301" accessionNumber="G80019, FK200802" collectingDate="2020-08-10" collectionCode="MTQ, R, V" collectorName="Jeremy Horowitz." country="Australia" county="SuBastian" elevation="210" latitude="-17.9076" location="Coral Sea" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="149.3327" municipality="Coral Sea" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54CF88201233FF95A38B22C3AEF3FB53" box="[387,494,1230,1256]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED65AE471233FF95A3FF22C3AD28FB53" box="[503,565,1230,1256]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MTQ</collectionCode>
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G80019,
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<collectingCountry id="F36376121233FF95A09722C3AC14FB53" box="[671,777,1230,1256]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Australia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8EAB60591233FF95A11A22C3AC9DFB53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941233FF97A29F226FAEA6FA00:8EAB60591233FF95A11A22C3AC9DFB53" box="[786,896,1230,1256]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-17.9076" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="149.3327" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Coral Sea" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Coral Sea</location>
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,
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<location id="8EAB60591233FF95A18122C3AB13FB53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941233FF97A29F226FAEA6FA00:8EAB60591233FF95A18122C3AB13FB53" box="[905,1038,1230,1256]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-17.9076" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="149.3327" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Malay Reef" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Malay Reef</location>
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, expedition
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<location id="8EAB60591233FF95A69A22C3AA81FB53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941233FF97A29F226FAEA6FA00:8EAB60591233FF95A69A22C3AA81FB53" box="[1170,1436,1230,1256]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-17.9076" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="149.3327" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Schmidt Ocean Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Schmidt Ocean Institute</location>
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<collectionCode id="ED65AE471233FF95A29F22FFAFB7FAB7" box="[151,170,1266,1292]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R</collectionCode>
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/
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<collectionCode id="ED65AE471233FF95A2BA22FFAFDBFAB7" box="[178,198,1266,1292]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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<location id="8EAB60591233FF95A2C622FFAEBCFAB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941233FF97A29F226FAEA6FA00:8EAB60591233FF95A2C622FFAEBCFAB7" box="[206,417,1266,1292]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-17.9076" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="149.3327" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Falkor Seamounts" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B900EA901233FF95A2C622FFAE07FAB7" box="[206,282,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Falkor</emphasis>
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Seamounts
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</location>
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,
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||
<location id="8EAB60591233FF95A3A522FFAD0FFAB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941233FF97A29F226FAEA6FA00:8EAB60591233FF95A3A522FFAD0FFAB7" box="[429,530,1266,1292]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-17.9076" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="149.3327" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Canyons" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Canyons</location>
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, and
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||
<location id="8EAB60591233FF95A04722FFAD92FAB7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DD87941233FF97A29F226FAEA6FA00:8EAB60591233FF95A04722FFAD92FAB7" box="[591,655,1266,1292]" country="Australia" county="SuBastian" latitude="-17.9076" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="149.3327" municipality="Coral Sea" name="Reefs" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Reefs</location>
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of the
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BAFACF81233FF95A0E922FFAC52FAB7" box="[737,847,1266,1292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Coral Sea</collectingMunicipality>
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expedition FK200802,
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<emphasis id="B900EA901233FF95A65522FEAA10FAB6" box="[1117,1293,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
ROV
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<collectingCounty id="62AA4E0E1233FF95A69322FEAA10FAB6" box="[1179,1293,1267,1293]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">SuBastian</collectingCounty>
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</emphasis>
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||
dive S0377, collected on
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<date id="FFCA10421233FF95A32D231BAEFFFA8B" box="[293,482,1302,1328]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2020-08-10">
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<collectingDate id="EF8EE9AA1233FF95A32D231BAEFFFA8B" box="[293,482,1302,1328]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2020-08-10">August 10, 2020</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4050451233FF95A3E5231BAD76FA8B" box="[493,619,1302,1328]" degrees="17.9076" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5" value="-17.9076">17.9076° S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4050451233FF95A07F231BAC1BFA8A" box="[631,774,1302,1329]" degrees="149.3327" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="5" value="149.3327">149.3327° E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation id="0059D1B11233FF95A11A231BACBDFA8B" box="[786,928,1302,1329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="210.0">
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<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A11A231BAC44FA8A" box="[786,857,1302,1329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="210.0">210 m</quantity>
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depth
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</elevation>
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, collector
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<collectorName id="268153541233FF95A61D231AABC3FA8B" box="[1045,1246,1302,1329]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Jeremy Horowitz.</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091233FF95A2CF2337AD13F9EB" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821233FF95A2CF2337AD13F9EB" blockId="12.[151,1437,1230,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901233FF95A2CF2337AE5FFAEF" bold="true" box="[199,322,1338,1364]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Colony forming fronds of long, straight uniserially arranged branches and terminal branchlets that occur mostly on abpolypar side of lower order branches. Terminal branchlets maximum of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A6962353ABFEFAC2" box="[1182,1251,1374,1401]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
in length, occur midway and more distal on lower order branches, and are spaced mostly
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A1E2238FAB39FA26" box="[1002,1060,1410,1437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
apart ranging from 0.4 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A753238FAA85FA26" box="[1371,1432,1410,1437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
, and have 0.2 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A35223ABAEA9FA7A" box="[346,436,1446,1473]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
basal diameters. Spine heights 0.09 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A18E23ABACF2FA7A" box="[902,1007,1446,1473]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall with no noticeable difference in height between polypar and abpolypar spines. Spines subconical, slightly compressed on sides, and blunt apex with numerous tubercles from apex to midway down the spine or to the base. Five to six axial rows of spines can be counted in one view. Polyps round, 1.8 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A071201FADA1F996" box="[633,700,1554,1581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter, in a single row, with three to four polyps counted per cm (seven per
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A3CE203BAD1FF9EB" box="[454,514,1590,1616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091233FF97A2CF2057AECDFC1E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821233FF95A2CF2057AA3AF802" blockId="12.[151,1437,1230,1977]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901233FF95A2CF2057AEFCF9CF" bold="true" box="[199,481,1626,1652]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF88201233FF95A3722057AEFCF9CF" box="[378,481,1626,1652]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. This colony is upright and consists of several parallel broom-like fronds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071233FF95A73C2057AA92F9CF" box="[1332,1423,1626,1652]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aphanipathes flailum sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80019: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C, section of terminal branchlet showing spines with tubercles; D–E, close-up of spines showing tubercle arrangement; F, image of polyps on a branch (distances between horizontal lines represent 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350050/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
), each frond is densely branched to the sixth order with long straight and uniserially arranged branches. One
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A75E2073AA81F922" box="[1366,1436,1662,1689]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="65.0">65 cm</quantity>
|
||
frond was collected from the colony for this study (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071233FF95A0F920AFAC50F907" box="[753,845,1698,1724]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aphanipathes flailum sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80019: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C, section of terminal branchlet showing spines with tubercles; D–E, close-up of spines showing tubercle arrangement; F, image of polyps on a branch (distances between horizontal lines represent 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350050/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Branches begin close to the base of the collected fragment and are uniserial, growing in one row on the upper side of each lower order branch. Branches and terminal branchlets form ~30° distal angles. Branches are long, ranging from 30 to a maximum of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A67420E7ABDCF8BE" box="[1148,1217,1770,1797]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="37.0">37 cm</quantity>
|
||
in length. Terminal branchlets mostly range from
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A3ED2103AD47F892" box="[485,602,1806,1833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5 to 10 cm</quantity>
|
||
in length. Branches and terminal branchlets occur mostly on the abpolypar side of the lower order ramifications. Terminal branchlets occur from about midway along a lower order branch to the branch tip with distances between terminal branchlets being mostly
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A1E0215BAB39F8CA" box="[1000,1060,1878,1905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
; however, in rare cases distances between terminal branchlets can be as small as
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A0BF2177AC18F82E" box="[695,773,1914,1941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="0.4">0.4 cm</quantity>
|
||
or as large as
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A1A62177ACF6F82E" box="[942,1003,1914,1941]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
. Branch diameter near the base of the collected frond is
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A3692193AEAAF802" box="[353,439,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, and terminal branchlet basal diameter ranges from 0.2 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671233FF95A6C12193AA3FF802" box="[1225,1314,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0B660A1232FF94A29F2199AB64F84F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350050" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7350050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350050/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[151,250,1940,1964]" targetBox="[164,1423,181,1916]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821232FF94A29F2199AB64F84F" blockId="13.[151,1437,1940,2036]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901232FF94A29F2199AE13F817" bold="true" box="[151,270,1940,1964]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011232FF94A3132199AEE8F817" authority="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge, 2022" authorityName="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge" authorityYear="2022" box="[283,501,1940,1964]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flailum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901232FF94A3132199AEE8F817" box="[283,501,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aphanipathes flailum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901232FF94A3F42199AD53F817" bold="true" box="[508,590,1940,1964]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357EB1232FF94A3F42199AD53F817" box="[508,590,1940,1964]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype, MTQ G80019: A,
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901232FF94A1762198ACA2F817" box="[894,959,1941,1964]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">in-situ</emphasis>
|
||
image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C, section of terminal branchlet showing spines with tubercles; D–E, close-up of spines showing tubercle arrangement; F, image of polyps on a branch (distances between horizontal lines represent 1 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821231FF97A2CF269AAB69FE32" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Spines on branchlets from 0.2 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A04D269AADB6FF0A" box="[581,683,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.23">0.23 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter range from 0.09 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A614269AAB9FFF0A" box="[1052,1154,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height and five to six axial rows of spines can be counted in a side view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071231FF97A0D726B6AC24FF6E" box="[735,825,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aphanipathes flailum sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80019: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C, section of terminal branchlet showing spines with tubercles; D–E, close-up of spines showing tubercle arrangement; F, image of polyps on a branch (distances between horizontal lines represent 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350050/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Average distance between spines in one longitudinal row is
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A2EE26D2AE20FF42" box="[230,317,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071231FF97A34526D2AEBAFF42" box="[333,423,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aphanipathes flailum sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80019: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C, section of terminal branchlet showing spines with tubercles; D–E, close-up of spines showing tubercle arrangement; F, image of polyps on a branch (distances between horizontal lines represent 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350050/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Seven spines can be counted in two mm of one longitudinal row. Spines are subconical with slightly compressed sides and a blunt apex with numerous distinct tubercles (about eight to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A6DF270EAA0DFEA6" box="[1239,1296,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
|
||
one view of one spine) covering from just around the tip of a spine in an inconsistent whorl-like fashion, to midway down the spine, or to almost the base of the spine (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071231FF97A0552746ADAAFEDE" box="[605,695,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aphanipathes flailum sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80019: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C, section of terminal branchlet showing spines with tubercles; D–E, close-up of spines showing tubercle arrangement; F, image of polyps on a branch (distances between horizontal lines represent 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350050/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tubercles are larger and more distally directed on the distal sides of spines compared to proximal sides, reaching maximum heights of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A1952762AB1CFE32" box="[925,1025,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.01">0.01 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071231FF97A6182762AB7AFE32" box="[1040,1127,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aphanipathes flailum sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80019: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C, section of terminal branchlet showing spines with tubercles; D–E, close-up of spines showing tubercle arrangement; F, image of polyps on a branch (distances between horizontal lines represent 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350050/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821231FF97A2CF279EAA2BFE4E" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Polyps are roundish with long sagittal tentacles and distal lateral tentacles are shorter than proximal laterals in preserved state. Polyps are white (from
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A05827BAAD85FE6B" box="[592,664,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">in-situ</emphasis>
|
||
video footage) to brown (after being preserved) in color, occur in one row, are mostly 1.8 to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A39A27D6AECEFE4E" box="[402,467,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter, and seven polyps can be counted in two cm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134F2A071231FF97A6DC27D6AA34FE4E" box="[1236,1321,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-17@13.[164,1423,181,1916]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Aphanipathes flailum sp. nov. Holotype, MTQ G80019: A, in-situ image of colony; B, image of colony showing branching pattern; C, section of terminal branchlet showing spines with tubercles; D–E, close-up of spines showing tubercle arrangement; F, image of polyps on a branch (distances between horizontal lines represent 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7350050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7350050/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821231FF97A2CF27F3AECDFC1E" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A2CF27F3AEFCFDA3" bold="true" box="[199,481,510,536]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Comparative diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
This specimen bears resemblance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A18D27F2AA71FDA2" authority="Brook, 1889" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[901,1388,511,537]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sarothamnoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A18D27F2ABC4FDA2" box="[901,1241,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aphanipathes sarothamnoides</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B731231FF97A6E827F2AA71FDA2" author="Brook, G." box="[1248,1388,511,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 222" refId="ref12210" refString="Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia. Report on the scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 32, 1 - 222." type="journal article" year="1889">Brook, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A29F242EAD0AFD86" authority="(Gray 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[151,535,546,573]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pedata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A29F242EAE98FD86" box="[151,389,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aphanipathes pedata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B731231FF97A39C242EAD13FD86" author="Gray, J. E." box="[404,526,546,573]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="278 - 294" refId="ref12741" refString="Gray, J. E. (1857) Synopsis of the families and genera of axiferous zoophytes or barked corals. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 25, 278 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1857. tb 01242. x" type="journal article" year="1857">Gray 1857</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in terms of their fan-like corallums with straight and distally directed branches; however,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A30C244AAE62FDDA" authority="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge, 2022" authorityName="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge" authorityYear="2022" box="[260,383,583,609]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flailum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A30C244AAE62FDDA" box="[260,383,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ap. flailum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A38D244AAEC3FDDA" bold="true" box="[389,478,583,609]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357EB1231FF97A38D244AAEC3FDDA" box="[389,478,583,609]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has longer branches (25 to 30 vs
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A147244BAC8EFDDA" box="[847,915,582,609]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="cm" value="15.0">15 cm</quantity>
|
||
max in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A62C244AABE9FDDA" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[1060,1268,583,609]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sarothamnoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A62C244AABE9FDDA" box="[1060,1268,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. sarothamnoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A720244AAA8EFDDA" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[1320,1427,583,609]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pedata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A720244AAA8EFDDA" box="[1320,1427,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. pedata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and longer terminal branchlets (
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A3FE2466AD27FD3E" box="[502,570,619,645]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
vs max of 4 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A0FA2467AC20FD3E" box="[754,829,618,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="cm" value="3.5">3.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A1562466AB30FD3E" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[862,1069,619,645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sarothamnoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A1562466AB30FD3E" box="[862,1069,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. sarothamnoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A6682466ABD7FD3E" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[1120,1226,619,645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pedata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A6682466ABD7FD3E" box="[1120,1226,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. pedata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively), and a lower polyp density (3.5 to four per cm vs six per cm in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A1072482ACC2FD12" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[783,991,655,681]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sarothamnoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A1072482ACC2FD12" box="[783,991,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. sarothamnoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and no information on polyp density for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF88201231FF97A2C824BEAFEDFD76" box="[192,240,691,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A31D24BEAE62FD76" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[277,383,691,717]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pedata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A31D24BEAE62FD76" box="[277,383,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. pedata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Terminal branchlets are also more evenly spaced along lower order branches compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A78C24BEAFFEFD4A" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pedata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A78C24BEAFFEFD4A" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A. pedata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that has terminal branchlets confined mostly to the distal end of the lower order branches. The new species resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A31924F6AC57FCAE" authority="(Opresko et al. 2021)" baseAuthorityName="Opresko" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[273,842,763,789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanostichopathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spiessi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A31924F6AD54FCAF" box="[273,585,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aphanostichopathes spiessi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B731231FF97A05224F6AC5FFCAE" author="Opresko, D. M. & Bo, M. & Stein, D. P. & Evankow, A. & Distel, D. L. & Brugler, M. R." box="[602,834,763,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="161 - 174" refId="ref14195" refString="Opresko, D. M., Bo, M., Stein, D. P., Evankow, A., Distel, D. L. & Brugler, M. R. (2021) Description of two new genera and two new species of antipatharian corals in the family Aphanipathidae (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia). Zootaxa, 4966 (2), 161 - 174. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4966.2.4" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Opresko
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A0CC24F6ADE2FCAE" box="[708,767,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with regards to ornamentation on the spines where both have tubercles; however, the new species has much shorter spine heights (maximum of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A6A92512AA18FC82" box="[1185,1285,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs maximum of
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A2BE254EAE07FCE6" box="[182,282,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="0.24">0.24 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A335254EAEABFCE7" box="[317,438,835,861]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanostichopathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spiessi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A335254EAEABFCE7" box="[317,438,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ap. spiessi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A034254EADA5FCE6" authority="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge, 2022" authorityName="Horowitz & Opresko & Molodtsova & Beaman & Cowman & Bridge" authorityYear="2022" box="[572,696,835,861]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flailum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A034254EADA5FCE6" box="[572,696,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ap. flailum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A0C8254EAC07FCE6" bold="true" box="[704,794,835,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23357EB1231FF97A0C8254EAC07FCE6" box="[704,794,835,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has close molecular affinity with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A69F254EAE0FFC3B" baseAuthorityName="Brook" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanostichopathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="paucispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A69F254EAE0FFC3B" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aphanostichopathes cf. paucispina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all species currently in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A02C256AAC1AFC3A" authorityName="Bo & Opresko" authorityYear="2021" box="[548,775,871,897]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanostichopathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A02C256AAC1AFC3A" box="[548,775,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aphanostichopathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unbranched while the new species and other species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A29F2586AE2CFC1E" authorityName="Brook" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,305,907,933]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aphanipathidae" genus="Aphanipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A29F2586AE2CFC1E" box="[151,305,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aphanipathes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are branched.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091231FF97A2CF25A2AD90FC56" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821231FF97A2CF25A2AD90FC56" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A2CF25A2AE4FFC72" bold="true" box="[199,338,943,969]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
In reference to the arrangement of tubercles on the new species’ subconical-shaped spines, which resembles a spiked flail, a medieval weapon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091231FF97A2CF25FBAD54FB7E" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821231FF97A2CF25FBAC99FBAA" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1041]" box="[199,900,1014,1041]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A2CF25FBAE44FBAB" bold="true" box="[199,345,1014,1040]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Known only from the Coral Sea at
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A0F825FAAC2AFBAA" box="[752,823,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="210.0">210 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821231FF97A29F226FAD67FBC6" blockId="14.[151,634,1122,1149]" box="[151,634,1122,1149]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A29F226FAFF2FBC7" bold="true" box="[151,239,1122,1148]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Family</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A2FF226FAD67FBC6" authority="Kinoshita, 1910" authorityName="Kinoshita" authorityYear="1910" box="[247,634,1122,1149]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A2FF226FAD2DFBC7" bold="true" box="[247,560,1122,1148]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Cladopathidae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B731231FF97A3BE226FAD2DFBC7" author="Kinoshita, K." box="[438,560,1122,1148]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="231 - 234" refId="ref13232" refString="Kinoshita, K. (1910) On a New Antipatharian Hexapathes heterosticha, n. gen. and n. sp. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7, 231 - 234." type="journal article" year="1910">Kinoshita</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, 1910
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821231FF97A29F22A7AD54FB7E" blockId="14.[151,585,1194,1221]" box="[151,585,1194,1221]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A29F22A7AFFAFB7F" bold="true" box="[151,231,1194,1220]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Genus</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A2E622A7AD54FB7E" authority="Kinoshita, 1910" authorityName="Kinoshita" authorityYear="1910" box="[238,585,1194,1221]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Hexapathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A2E622A7AD1BFB7F" bold="true" box="[238,518,1194,1221]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A2E622A7AE60FB7E" bold="true" box="[238,381,1194,1221]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hexapathes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B731231FF97A38D22A7AD1BFB7F" author="Kinoshita, K." box="[389,518,1194,1220]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="231 - 234" refId="ref13232" refString="Kinoshita, K. (1910) On a New Antipatharian Hexapathes heterosticha, n. gen. and n. sp. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7, 231 - 234." type="journal article" year="1910">Kinoshita,</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
1910
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091231FF97A29F22E1ADD3FAC9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821231FF97A29F22E1ADD3FAC9" blockId="14.[151,1412,1260,1467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A29F22E1AE09FABD" bold="true" box="[151,276,1260,1286]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
Corallum simple or very sparsely branched, and pinnulate. Pinnules in two lateral rows and in one or two anterior rows. Lateral pinnules simple; anterior pinnules simple or subpinnulate. Anterior primary pinnules and subpinnules sometimes nearly as long as lateral pinnules. Spines subequal in size on primary and secondary pinnules. Polyps
|
||
<quantity id="4C8C9B671231FF97A35F2355AED7FAC8" box="[343,458,1368,1395]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3 to 6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in transverse diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091231FF97A2CF2371AC22FA2D" box="[199,831,1404,1430]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="type_taxon">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821231FF97A2CF2371AC22FA2D" blockId="14.[151,1412,1260,1467]" box="[199,831,1404,1430]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A2CF2371AE74FA2D" bold="true" box="[199,361,1404,1430]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF88201231FF97A2CF2371AE1FFA2D" box="[199,258,1404,1430]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
Species:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C744D011231FF97A3782371AC22FA2D" ID-CoL="3LGMC" authority="Kinoshita, 1910" authorityName="Kinoshita" authorityYear="1910" box="[368,831,1404,1430]" class="Anthozoa" family="Cladopathidae" genus="Hexapathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="heterosticha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A3782371AD99FA2D" box="[368,644,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Hexapathes heterosticha</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE54B731231FF97A0842371AC22FA2D" author="Kinoshita, K." box="[652,831,1404,1430]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="231 - 234" refId="ref13232" refString="Kinoshita, K. (1910) On a New Antipatharian Hexapathes heterosticha, n. gen. and n. sp. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 7, 231 - 234." type="journal article" year="1910">Kinoshita, 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36E65091231FF97A2CF23ADAEA6FA00" box="[199,443,1440,1467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCB36821231FF97A2CF23ADAEA6FA00" blockId="14.[151,1412,1260,1467]" box="[199,443,1440,1467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1C3CDF1231FF97A2CF23ADAEA6FA00" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3970442303" box="[199,443,1440,1467]" country="Japan" location="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B900EA901231FF97A2CF23ADAE69FA01" bold="true" box="[199,372,1440,1466]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CF88201231FF97A2CF23ADAE1FFA01" box="[199,258,1440,1466]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
Locality:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36376121231FF97A37323ACAEA6FA00" box="[379,443,1441,1467]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |