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<document id="A3CED1445D27BDEA8C2E7A777983D3D0" ID-CLB-Dataset="183565" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5205.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="faf0efd7-9675-454e-8ed8-f0764873b55c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7306976" ID-ZooBank="2C6D7C48-3B12-47CB-B01C-E7BE7E8A6738" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1667981283058" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Marques, Alessandro Damasceno, Hartmann, Alef, Valiati, Victor Hugo &amp; Leal-Zanchet, Ana Maria" docDate="2022" docId="03CD96540023FFAF87E91399B61F49B0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5205.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5205 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="70C8C653-A1AE-441C-9038-CCD14343232A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="313" masterDocId="FFF4EE2C0027FFA3877E122EB4394E47" masterDocTitle="Two new land planarian species (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) from the Cerrado biome in southwestern Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="330" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="305" updateTime="1699411085931" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="E8E2EABE4B6FB7957CC16788F6672130" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="778613DCE930A465AC537C374E151F7D">Two new land planarian species (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) from the Cerrado biome in southwestern Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:role id="7532EEEF63441D790B9C6876CD9CBBA9">
<mods:roleTerm id="A3554F95CFE768FE380EB475CBFA4528">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="37E09AD15FFCC0ACE482EF3361F04227">Marques, Alessandro Damasceno</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E27A083BDB2EA2451B7ED3A8E9980BB3" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4029-8695</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E3880C0A21B018D1D079F6F9DEC5AD35">Instituto de Pesquisa de Planárias https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4029 - 8695 &amp; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos-UNISINOS, 93022 - 000, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4467 - 4547</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DCDF0F4C7BC19FC64BF7ECF32F0E39EF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4C787355B983FA5ED4F77815DAD555EC">Hartmann, Alef</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4C3B8077A1C9667413BA45DE91141DB6" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8047-4200</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="5B7F73F9FA15BECA7A42DBEDB645A5E4">Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8047 - 4200</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D597C15F0F0852F6A0B0A2FC0690D981" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1FEE6A37A676B08B56CB6029FACB2E15">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D490AE81A062F802B291585F1F7494ED">Valiati, Victor Hugo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="54B48C3E02C1309D355279C99DFE2D57" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8047-4200</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6CE88CD69A74460973B8B77C0092D823">Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8047 - 4200 &amp; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos-UNISINOS, 93022 - 000, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4467 - 4547</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DF2BECCDEA3E3F8EE1D0C6CB9E9B13E1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F9C59C272F411B916FC08B4F8ED6E598">Leal-Zanchet, Ana Maria</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="48F7AF2B7ED013CD2B49A414826EB384" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4029-8695</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="0685E6D9A6A719DD6C33C9B965F9DF02">Instituto de Pesquisa de Planárias https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4029 - 8695 &amp; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos-UNISINOS, 93022 - 000, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4467 - 4547</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="6B42CDBD9A8818B1D2CF1C822B67198D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="777F14103FA9E04831555C283DFCB197">
<mods:date id="5D5D670822CF8A61201EAB2EEF9ACB0C">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="825765DC4B36247DC7363793A81C57BB">2022-11-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2214449B200A671D1A7704BA24163B65">5205</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="353F4436510B61F6187BA822D35528EF">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="DADD429C33CAD24FECD6A9FF49C195F4">301</mods:start>
<mods:end id="75ADC1D98AEF5ED927BB94A798B528EE">330</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="4AC7F34ADAB40576744C3AECFD2DCCE8" type="CLB-Dataset">183565</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="07CB5A32FB46DE1B2D2B214ACA13CCAD" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5205.4.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="28D7EB282222F8E99531594EA6389092" type="GBIF-Dataset">faf0efd7-9675-454e-8ed8-f0764873b55c</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8D1D1C80981335A01DA1EB61FD94B51B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C671BEC3C897F9EBBCFB85168FB6BA37" type="Zenodo-Dep">7306976</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="810B93F6AECFDCD0B7AB5DDAFF794E8D" type="ZooBank">2C6D7C48-3B12-47CB-B01C-E7BE7E8A6738</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03CD96540023FFAF87E91399B61F49B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306974" ID-GBIF-Taxon="204721496" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7306974" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:70C8C653-A1AE-441C-9038-CCD14343232A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD96540023FFAF87E91399B61F49B0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<subSubSection id="C37E74C90023FFA787E91399B7D64FB1" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787E91399B7284F96" blockId="4.[151,1007,439,502]" box="[151,785,439,466]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<heading id="D093902E0023FFA787E91399B7284F96" bold="true" box="[151,785,439,466]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA787E91399B7284F96" bold="true" box="[151,785,439,466]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC10023FFA787E91399B69E4F96" authority="Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,679,439,466]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA787E91399B5664F96" bold="true" box="[151,351,439,466]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Paraba aurantia</emphasis>
Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223462B0023FFA785CA1399B7284F96" box="[692,785,439,465]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787E913F5B7D64FB1" blockId="4.[151,1007,439,502]" box="[151,1007,475,502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<uri id="FFF52B400023FFA787E913F5B7D64FB1" box="[151,1007,475,502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFC21D970023FFA786C813F5B7D64FB1" box="[438,1007,475,502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">70C8C653-A1AE-441C-9038-CCD14343232A</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E74C90023FFA787E9100DB7424DE2" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787E9100DB1574C7A" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" box="[151,1390,547,574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA787E9100DB5214C7A" bold="true" box="[151,280,547,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Etymology</emphasis>
: The specific name is a Latin adjective (
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA785A1100AB7734C7A" box="[735,842,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">aurantius</emphasis>
) and refers to the orangish dorsal ground colour.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787B91069B78E4C8A" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA787B91069B5494C26" bold="true" box="[199,368,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Type-material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B0C2D1F0023FFA786FE1069B78E4C8A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962976307" collectingDate="2019-10-25" collectorName="J. Peres" country="Brazil" location="Bodoquena" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA786FE1069B6EB4C26" bold="true" box="[384,722,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<typeStatus id="54DF99E00023FFA786FE1069B5C84C26" box="[384,497,583,609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: MZUSP PL. 2286
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA7859C1069B7324C26" box="[738,779,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">leg.</emphasis>
<collectorName id="269142940023FFA7846A1066B7544C25" box="[788,877,584,610]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">J. Peres</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFDA01820023FFA784041069B0054C26" box="[890,1084,583,610]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" value="2019-10-25">
<collectingDate id="EF9EF86A0023FFA784041069B0054C26" box="[890,1084,583,610]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" value="2019-10-25">25 October 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<location id="8EBB71990023FFA783361069B0F14C26" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD96540023FFAF87E91399B61F49B0:8EBB71990023FFA783361069B0F14C26" box="[1096,1224,583,609]" country="Brazil" name="Bodoquena" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul">Bodoquena</location>
(municipal leisure area of Bodoquena), state of
<collectingRegion id="49A0E9A00023FFA7869B1042B6F64CC2" box="[485,719,619,646]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37367D20023FFA785A31045B7194CC2" box="[733,800,619,645]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Brazil</collectingCountry>
—anterior tip: transverse sections on 10 slides; anterior region at the level of the ovaries: sagittal sections on six slides; pre-pharyngeal region: transverse sections on 11 slides; pharynx and copulatory apparatus: sagittal sections on 12 slides.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787B910F9B7424DE2" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<materialsCitation id="3B0C2D1F0023FFA787B910F9B74E4DE2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3962976302" collectingDate="2019-05-24" collectingDateMax="2019-05-27" collectingDateMin="2019-05-24" collectorName="A. Marques" country="Brazil" location="Bonito" municipality="National Park of Serra da Bodoquena" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA787B910F9B6284CB6" bold="true" box="[199,529,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<typeStatus id="54DF99E00023FFA787B910F9B57A4CB6" box="[199,323,727,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: MZU PL. 00319:
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA7856810F9B6064CB6" box="[534,575,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">leg.</emphasis>
<collectorName id="269142940023FFA7853C10F9B6FE4CB5" box="[578,711,727,754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">A. Marques</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFDA01820023FFA785AE10F9B75A4CB6" box="[720,867,727,754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" value="2019-05-24">
<collectingDate id="EF9EF86A0023FFA785AE10F9B75A4CB6" box="[720,867,727,754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" value="2019-05-24">24 May 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, Bodoquena (municipal leisure area of Bodoquena), state of
<collectingRegion id="49A0E9A00023FFA7879010D2B5F74D52" box="[238,462,763,790]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37367D20023FFA786A610D5B6224D52" box="[472,539,763,789]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Brazil</collectingCountry>
—pre-pharyngeal region: transverse sections on six slides; copulatory apparatus: sagittal sections on five slides.
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA7868C1131B6834D7E" bold="true" box="[498,698,799,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">MZU PL. 00320:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA785BF1131B6D24D7E" box="[705,747,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">leg.</emphasis>
<collectorName id="269142940023FFA7858F1131B7414D7D" box="[753,888,799,826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">A. Marques</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFDA01820023FFA784FD1131B0234D7E" box="[899,1050,799,826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" value="2019-05-27">
<collectingDate id="EF9EF86A0023FFA784FD1131B0234D7E" box="[899,1050,799,826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" value="2019-05-27">27 May 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<location id="8EBB71990023FFA7835B1131B0484D7E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD96540023FFAF87E91399B61F49B0:8EBB71990023FFA7835B1131B0484D7E" box="[1061,1137,799,825]" country="Brazil" municipality="National Park of Serra da Bodoquena" name="Bonito" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul">Bonito</location>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBFBD380023FFA783011131B5224D1A" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">National Park of Serra da Bodoquena</collectingMunicipality>
), state of
<collectingRegion id="49A0E9A00023FFA786F2116AB64C4D1A" box="[396,629,835,862]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37367D20023FFA785FC116DB6FC4D1A" box="[642,709,835,861]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Brazil</collectingCountry>
—anterior tip: transverse sections on two slides; anterior region at the level of the ovaries: sagittal sections on two slides; pre-pharyngeal region: transverse sections on four slides; pharynx and copulatory apparatus: sagittal sections on four slides
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E74C90023FFA787B91181B7614AE6" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787B91181B5744A3A" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA787B91181B57B4D8E" bold="true" box="[199,322,943,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC10023FFA786B71181B6244D8E" box="[457,541,943,969]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA786B71181B6244D8E" box="[457,541,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Paraba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
showing dorsal surface orangish with a wide black median longitudinal band; eyes spreading onto the dorsal surface, including the cephalic region; glandular margin absent; pharynx cylindrical; oesophagus long; prostatic vesicle extrabulbar, tubular and twisted, consisting of two portions: proximal portion with short asymmetrical branches, and main distal portion unforked, C-shaped; female atrium oval-elongate and with ample lumen lined by a low epithelium with stratified appearance; male and female atria with ample communication.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787B916A9B7614AE6" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" box="[199,856,1159,1186]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA787B916A9B5554AE6" bold="true" box="[199,364,1159,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Type-locality:</emphasis>
Bonito, state of
<collectingRegion id="49A0E9A00023FFA7855B16A6B7304AE6" box="[549,777,1159,1186]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37367D20023FFA7846A16A9B7614AE6" box="[788,856,1159,1185]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Brazil</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E74C90023FFA787B91685B6124AAE" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787B91685B6124AAE" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA787B91685B55A4A82" bold="true" box="[199,355,1195,1221]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Distribution:</emphasis>
Known only from areas of semideciduous Forest from the municipalities of Bonito and Bodoquena, state of
<collectingRegion id="49A0E9A00023FFA7878E16FEB5EA4AAE" box="[240,467,1231,1258]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37367D20023FFA786A116E1B61E4AAE" box="[479,551,1231,1257]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E74C90023FFAF87B916DDB61F49B0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787B916DDB5684B4A" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" box="[199,337,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA787B916DDB5684B4A" bold="true" box="[199,337,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787B91739B0134B3E" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA787B91739B5AE4B76" bold="true" box="[199,407,1303,1329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">External features</emphasis>
. Body elongate with parallel margins, subcylindrical in cross-section; anterior end rounded and posterior end pointed (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70023FFA786B61715B60F4B12" box="[456,566,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–9" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1339,1363]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 6–9. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov.: (6–7) photographs of the paratype MZU PL. 00320, in dorsal view, before fixation; (8) photograph of the anterior body region of the preserved paratype MZU PL. 00319 in ventral view; (9) photograph of the preserved holotype in dorsal view.Anterior tip to the left. Scale bars: (6–7) 5 mm; (8–9) 1 mm. The arrow indicates the ventral surface, which is partially visible in (7). The arrowheads indicate the brownish spots in the ventral surface in (8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306982/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Figs. 6–9</figureCitation>
). Maximum length reached
<quantity id="4C9C8AA70023FFA7840B1715B7FC4B11" box="[885,965,1339,1366]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
when creeping and
<quantity id="4C9C8AA70023FFA783D51715B0C24B11" box="[1195,1275,1339,1366]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
after fixation. Mouth at posterior half of body and gonopore at posterior third of body (
<tableCitation id="C6E612F90023FFA784BB1771B0204B3E" box="[965,1049,1375,1401]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements, in mm, of specimens of Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov. –: not measured; *: after fixation; **: immature specimen; DG: distance of gonopore from anterior end; DM: distance of mouth from anterior end; DMG: distance between mouth and gonopore; DPVP: distance between prostatic vesicle and pharyngeal pouch. The numbers given in parentheses represent the relative position of the character as a percentage of body length." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1B77CA0022FFA687E612B9B1AD4F5C" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" tableUuid="DF1B77CA0022FFA687E612B9B1AD4F5C">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787B917ADB7B84BA2" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
Alive, dorsum orangish covered by a wide black median band (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70023FFA784E417ADB01D4BDA" box="[922,1060,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–9" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1339,1363]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 6–9. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov.: (6–7) photographs of the paratype MZU PL. 00320, in dorsal view, before fixation; (8) photograph of the anterior body region of the preserved paratype MZU PL. 00319 in ventral view; (9) photograph of the preserved holotype in dorsal view.Anterior tip to the left. Scale bars: (6–7) 5 mm; (8–9) 1 mm. The arrow indicates the ventral surface, which is partially visible in (7). The arrowheads indicate the brownish spots in the ventral surface in (8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306982/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Figs. 6–7, 9</figureCitation>
), without reaching the body tips. Ventral surface pale-yellow with orangish body margins; small brownish spots contour the anterior tip (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70023FFA7825C1789B1B64B86" box="[1314,1423,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–9" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1339,1363]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 6–9. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov.: (6–7) photographs of the paratype MZU PL. 00320, in dorsal view, before fixation; (8) photograph of the anterior body region of the preserved paratype MZU PL. 00319 in ventral view; (9) photograph of the preserved holotype in dorsal view.Anterior tip to the left. Scale bars: (6–7) 5 mm; (8–9) 1 mm. The arrow indicates the ventral surface, which is partially visible in (7). The arrowheads indicate the brownish spots in the ventral surface in (8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306982/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Figs. 7–8</figureCitation>
). After fixation, dorsal colour fades (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70023FFA7855D17E5B65E4BA2" box="[547,615,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 6–9" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1339,1363]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetId="figure-20@6.[151,1436,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 6–9. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov.: (6–7) photographs of the paratype MZU PL. 00320, in dorsal view, before fixation; (8) photograph of the anterior body region of the preserved paratype MZU PL. 00319 in ventral view; (9) photograph of the preserved holotype in dorsal view.Anterior tip to the left. Scale bars: (6–7) 5 mm; (8–9) 1 mm. The arrow indicates the ventral surface, which is partially visible in (7). The arrowheads indicate the brownish spots in the ventral surface in (8)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306982/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
); ventral colour remains.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787B917DEB0E048DE" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
Eyes, uniserially arranged and monolobate (with pigment cups 16–22 μm in diameter), surround the anterior tip. After that, these monolobate eyes remain along the body margins, whereas bilobate eyes (with pigment cups of 14–22 μm in diameter) spread onto almost the whole dorsal surface of the body, including the dorsal surface of the cephalic region of the body (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70023FFA786A91475B6584832" box="[471,609,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1371,1395]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,489,1344]" captionTargetId="figure-151@7.[151,1436,489,1348]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 10–12. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov.: (10–11) detail of the eye pattern in the cephalic region in paratypes MZU PL. 00320 (10) and MZU PL. 00319 (11); (12) eye pattern of the holotype. Anterior tip to the left." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306984" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306984/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Figs. 10–12</figureCitation>
). Towards the posterior end, eyes gradually become slightly sparser. Clear halos surround the dorsal eyes in the
<typeStatus id="54DF99E00023FFA785491451B6A548DE" box="[567,668,1663,1689]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, being inconspicuous in
<typeStatus id="54DF99E00023FFA784CE14AEB02948DD" box="[944,1040,1664,1690]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
MZU PL. 00320.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787B9148DB69F496E" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="B910FB500023FFA787B9148DB70C48FA" bold="true" box="[199,821,1699,1725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Sensory organs, epidermis and body musculatures</emphasis>
. Sensory pits (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70023FFA78496148DB04C48FA" box="[1000,1141,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–18" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,184,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[163,1424,181,1936]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13–18. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., paratype MZU PL. 00320, microphotographs of transverse sections: (13–14) cephalic region of body; (15–18) anterior region of body at the level of ovaries." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306986/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Figs. 13–14</figureCitation>
), as simple invaginations (about 22–30 µm), contour anterior tip and occur ventromarginally in an irregular, single row in the first
<quantity id="4C9C8AA70023FFA7824214E9B14448A5" box="[1340,1405,1735,1762]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
of the body (approximately 13% of body length, in the
<typeStatus id="54DF99E00023FFA7859414C2B7734941" box="[746,842,1772,1798]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
MZU PL. 00320). Creeping sole occupies the entire body width (
<tableCitation id="C6E612F90023FFA7865A1521B543496E" box="[292,378,1807,1833]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[152,244,1376,1400]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Body height and cutaneous musculature in the median region of a transversal section of the pre-pharyngeal region, in micrometers, and ratio of the height of cutaneous musculature to the height of the body (mc:h index) of specimens of Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1B77CA0022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87" pageId="4" pageNumber="305" tableUuid="DF1B77CA0022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87">Table 2</tableCitation>
) in pre-pharyngeal region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420023FFA787B9151DB4DF499A" blockId="4.[151,1437,547,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">
Three types of glands discharge through whole epidermis of pre-pharyngeal region (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70023FFA783F2151DB1214909" box="[1164,1304,1843,1870]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–18" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,184,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[163,1424,181,1936]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13–18. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., paratype MZU PL. 00320, microphotographs of transverse sections: (13–14) cephalic region of body; (15–18) anterior region of body at the level of ovaries." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306986/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="305">Figs. 15–16</figureCitation>
): numerous rhabditogen glands with xanthophil secretion, xanthophil glands with finely granular secretion and cyanophil glands with amorphous secretion. Rhabditogen glands are scarce and show small rhabdites in the creeping sole. There is no glandular margin. Glands discharging through the anterior tip of the body are similar to those of the pre-pharyngeal region.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1B77CA0022FFA687E612B9B1AD4F5C" ID-Table-UUID="DF1B77CA0022FFA687E612B9B1AD4F5C" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1B77CA0022FFA687E612B9B1AD4F5C" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" startId="5.[152,244,151,175]" targetBox="[166,1350,300,1044]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BDB27420022FFA687E612B9B1AD4F5C" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<emphasis id="B910FB500022FFA687E612B9B5374EE8" bold="true" box="[152,270,151,175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Measurements, in mm, of specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC10022FFA685C312B9B0BC4EE8" authority="Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[701,1157,151,176]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910FB500022FFA685C312B9B7564EE8" box="[701,879,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Paraba aurantia</emphasis>
Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223462B0022FFA683F112B6B0DC4EE8" box="[1167,1253,152,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B910FB500022FFA683F112B6B0E74EF7" bold="true" box="[1167,1246,152,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
–: not measured; *: after fixation; **: immature specimen; DG: distance of gonopore from anterior end; DM: distance of mouth from anterior end; DMG: distance between mouth and gonopore; DPVP: distance between prostatic vesicle and pharyngeal pouch. The numbers given in parentheses represent the relative position of the character as a percentage of body length.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420022FFA685101302B0874A53" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<table id="F964D5E20022005C87D81302B17F4A53" box="[166,1350,300,1044]" gridcols="4" gridrows="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<tr id="355425000022005C87D81302B17F4F2F" box="[166,1350,300,360]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C85101302B71C4F2F" box="[622,805,300,360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Holotype MZUSP PL. 2286</th>
<th id="76854C7C0022005C84EF1302B06B4F2F" box="[913,1106,300,360]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Paratype MZU PL. 00319**</th>
<th id="76854C7C0022005C83E01302B17F4F2F" box="[1182,1350,300,360]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Paratype MZU PL. 00320</th>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D81356B17F4FD7" box="[166,1350,376,400]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D81356B5EC4FD7" box="[166,469,376,400]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Maximum length at extension</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C85101356B71C4FD7" box="[622,805,376,400]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">30</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF1356B06B4FD7" box="[913,1106,376,400]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">15</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E01356B17F4FD7" box="[1182,1350,376,400]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">18</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D8138EB17F4FFF" box="[166,1350,416,440]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D8138EB5EC4FFF" box="[166,469,416,440]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Maximum width at extension</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C8510138EB71C4FFF" box="[622,805,416,440]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">2</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF138EB06B4FFF" box="[913,1106,416,440]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">1</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E0138EB17F4FFF" box="[1182,1350,416,440]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D813E6B17F4FA6" box="[166,1350,456,481]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D813E6B5EC4FA6" box="[166,469,456,481]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Length at rest</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C851013E6B71C4FA6" box="[622,805,456,481]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">20</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF13E6B06B4FA6" box="[913,1106,456,481]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">10</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E013E6B17F4FA6" box="[1182,1350,456,481]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D813DFB17F4C4E" box="[166,1350,497,521]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D813DFB5EC4C4E" box="[166,469,497,521]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Width at rest</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C851013DFB71C4C4E" box="[622,805,497,521]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">3</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF13DFB06B4C4E" box="[913,1106,497,521]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">1</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E013DFB17F4C4E" box="[1182,1350,497,521]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D81037B17F4C76" box="[166,1350,537,561]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D81037B5EC4C76" box="[166,469,537,561]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Length*</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C85101037B71C4C76" box="[622,805,537,561]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">25</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF1037B06B4C76" box="[913,1106,537,561]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">14</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E01037B17F4C76" box="[1182,1350,537,561]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D8106FB17F4C1E" box="[166,1350,577,601]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D8106FB5EC4C1E" box="[166,469,577,601]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Width*</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C8510106FB71C4C1E" box="[622,805,577,601]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">2</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF106FB06B4C1E" box="[913,1106,577,601]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">2</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E0106FB17F4C1E" box="[1182,1350,577,601]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D81047B17F4CC5" box="[166,1350,617,642]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D81047B5EC4CC5" box="[166,469,617,642]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">DM*</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C85101047B71C4CC5" box="[622,805,617,642]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">14 (56)</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF1047B06B4CC5" box="[913,1106,617,642]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">7 (50)</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E01047B17F4CC5" box="[1182,1350,617,642]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">8 (73)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D810BCB17F4CED" box="[166,1350,658,682]" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D810BCB5EC4CED" box="[166,469,658,682]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">DG*</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C851010BCB71C4CED" box="[622,805,658,682]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">19 (76)</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF10BCB06B4CED" box="[913,1106,658,682]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">–</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E010BCB17F4CED" box="[1182,1350,658,682]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">9 (82)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D81094B17F4C95" box="[166,1350,698,722]" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D81094B5EC4C95" box="[166,469,698,722]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">DMG*</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C85101094B71C4C95" box="[622,805,698,722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">5</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF1094B06B4C95" box="[913,1106,698,722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">–</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E01094B17F4C95" box="[1182,1350,698,722]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D810CCB17F4CBD" box="[166,1350,738,762]" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D810CCB5EC4CBD" box="[166,469,738,762]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">DPVP*</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C851010CCB71C4CBD" box="[622,805,738,762]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">1</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF10CCB06B4CBD" box="[913,1106,738,762]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">–</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E010CCB17F4CBD" box="[1182,1350,738,762]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D81124B17F4D64" box="[166,1350,778,803]" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D81124B5EC4D64" box="[166,469,778,803]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Creeping sole %</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C85101124B71C4D64" box="[622,805,778,803]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">100</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF1124B06B4D64" box="[913,1106,778,803]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">–</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E01124B17F4D64" box="[1182,1350,778,803]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">97</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D8111DB17F4D0C" box="[166,1350,819,843]" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D8111DB5EC4D0C" box="[166,469,819,843]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Ovaries</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C8510111DB71C4D0C" box="[622,805,819,843]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">6 (24)</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF111DB06B4D0C" box="[913,1106,819,843]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">–</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E0111DB17F4D0C" box="[1182,1350,819,843]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">4 (36)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D81175B17F4D34" box="[166,1350,859,883]" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D81175B5EC4D34" box="[166,469,859,883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Anteriormost testes</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C85101175B71C4D34" box="[622,805,859,883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">4 (16)</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF1175B06B4D34" box="[913,1106,859,883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">–</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E01175B17F4D34" box="[1182,1350,859,883]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">2 (18)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D811ADB17F4DDC" box="[166,1350,899,923]" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D811ADB5EC4DDC" box="[166,469,899,923]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Posteriormost testes</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C851011ADB71C4DDC" box="[622,805,899,923]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">14 (56)</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF11ADB06B4DDC" box="[913,1106,899,923]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">–</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E011ADB17F4DDC" box="[1182,1350,899,923]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">7 (64)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D81185B17F4D83" box="[166,1350,939,964]" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D81185B5EC4D83" box="[166,469,939,964]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Length of prostatic vesicle</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C85101185B71C4D83" box="[622,805,939,964]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">0.6</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF1185B06B4D83" box="[913,1106,939,964]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">–</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E01185B17F4D83" box="[1182,1350,939,964]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D811FAB17F4DAB" box="[166,1350,980,1004]" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D811FAB5EC4DAB" box="[166,469,980,1004]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Length of male atrium</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C851011FAB71C4DAB" box="[622,805,980,1004]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">1</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF11FAB06B4DAB" box="[913,1106,980,1004]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">–</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E011FAB17F4DAB" box="[1182,1350,980,1004]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">0.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D811D2B17F4A53" box="[166,1350,1020,1044]" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D811D2B5EC4A53" box="[166,469,1020,1044]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Length of female atrium</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C851011D2B71C4A53" box="[622,805,1020,1044]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">0.7</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C84EF11D2B06B4A53" box="[913,1106,1020,1044]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">–</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83E011D2B17F4A53" box="[1182,1350,1020,1044]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">0.3</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420022FFA687B91610B5094B77" blockId="5.[151,1436,1086,1328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
Cutaneous musculature with the usual three layers in
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC10022FFA6844A1610B7FB4A1F" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1857" box="[820,962,1086,1112]" family="Geoplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="305" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Geoplaninae">Geoplaninae</taxonomicName>
(circular, oblique and longitudinal), with longitudinal layer organized in thick discrete bundles (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70022FFA6846E164CB7A54A3A" box="[784,924,1122,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–18" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,184,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[163,1424,181,1936]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13–18. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., paratype MZU PL. 00320, microphotographs of transverse sections: (13–14) cephalic region of body; (15–18) anterior region of body at the level of ovaries." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306986/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Figs. 15–18</figureCitation>
). Musculature slightly thicker medially than laterally, becoming progressively thinner towards body margins. Ventral musculature with similar thickness as the dorsal musculature in the
<typeStatus id="54DF99E00022FFA686C21684B6274A83" box="[444,542,1194,1220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="54DF99E00022FFA685291685B68E4A82" box="[599,695,1195,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
MZU PL. 00319 and slightly thicker than the dorsal musculature in
<typeStatus id="54DF99E00022FFA687CA16E1B52D4AAE" box="[180,276,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
MZU PL. 00320 (
<tableCitation id="C6E612F90022FFA6869B16E0B6044AAF" box="[485,573,1230,1256]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[152,244,1376,1400]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Body height and cutaneous musculature in the median region of a transversal section of the pre-pharyngeal region, in micrometers, and ratio of the height of cutaneous musculature to the height of the body (mc:h index) of specimens of Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1B77CA0022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" tableUuid="DF1B77CA0022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87">Table 2</tableCitation>
). In cephalic region, cutaneous musculature similar to that of pre-pharyngeal region, gradually diminishing in thickness towards the anterior tip. Mc:h varying between, approximately, 8% and 9% (
<tableCitation id="C6E612F90022FFA687B51738B51A4B77" box="[203,291,1302,1328]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[152,244,1376,1400]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Body height and cutaneous musculature in the median region of a transversal section of the pre-pharyngeal region, in micrometers, and ratio of the height of cutaneous musculature to the height of the body (mc:h index) of specimens of Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1B77CA0022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" tableUuid="DF1B77CA0022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1B77CA0022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87" ID-Table-UUID="DF1B77CA0022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1B77CA0022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" startId="5.[152,244,1376,1400]" targetBox="[166,1318,1488,1790]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BDB27420022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87" blockId="5.[151,1436,1376,1472]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<emphasis id="B910FB500022FFA687E6174EB5294B3F" bold="true" box="[152,272,1376,1400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Body height and cutaneous musculature in the median region of a transversal section of the pre-pharyngeal region, in micrometers, and ratio of the height of cutaneous musculature to the height of the body (mc:h index) of specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC10022FFA686541786B6CA4B87" authority="Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[298,755,1448,1472]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910FB500022FFA686541786B5E54B87" box="[298,476,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Paraba aurantia</emphasis>
Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223462B0022FFA685801786B76A4B87" box="[766,851,1448,1472]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420022FFA6857317FEB0A748BA" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<table id="F964D5E20022005C87D817FEB11F48B9" box="[166,1318,1488,1790]" gridcols="4" gridrows="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<tr id="355425000022005C87D817FEB11F484B" box="[166,1318,1488,1548]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="306" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C857317FEB6FD484B" box="[525,708,1488,1548]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Holotype MZUSP PL. 2286</th>
<th id="76854C7C0022005C842C17FEB7C3484B" box="[850,1018,1488,1548]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Paratype MZU PL. 00319</th>
<th id="76854C7C0022005C830017FEB11F484B" box="[1150,1318,1488,1548]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Paratype MZU PL. 00320</th>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D81432B11F4873" box="[166,1318,1564,1588]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D81432B5484873" box="[166,369,1564,1588]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Dorsal musculature</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C85731432B6FD4873" box="[525,708,1564,1588]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">25</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C842C1432B7C34873" box="[850,1018,1564,1588]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">22</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83001432B11F4873" box="[1150,1318,1564,1588]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">15</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D8146AB11F481A" box="[166,1318,1604,1629]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D8146AB548481A" box="[166,369,1604,1629]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Ventral musculature</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C8573146AB6FD481A" box="[525,708,1604,1629]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">27</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C842C146AB7C3481A" box="[850,1018,1604,1629]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">22</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C8300146AB11F481A" box="[1150,1318,1604,1629]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D81443B11F48C2" box="[166,1318,1645,1669]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D81443B54848C2" box="[166,369,1645,1669]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Dorsal epidermis</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C85731443B6FD48C2" box="[525,708,1645,1669]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">27</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C842C1443B7C348C2" box="[850,1018,1645,1669]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">26</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83001443B11F48C2" box="[1150,1318,1645,1669]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">26</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D814BBB11F48EA" box="[166,1318,1685,1709]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D814BBB54848EA" box="[166,369,1685,1709]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Ventral epidermis</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C857314BBB6FD48EA" box="[525,708,1685,1709]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">20</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C842C14BBB7C348EA" box="[850,1018,1685,1709]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">25</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C830014BBB11F48EA" box="[1150,1318,1685,1709]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">15</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D81493B11F4892" box="[166,1318,1725,1749]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D81493B5484892" box="[166,369,1725,1749]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Body height</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C85731493B6FD4892" box="[525,708,1725,1749]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">557</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C842C1493B7C34892" box="[850,1018,1725,1749]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">490</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C83001493B11F4892" box="[1150,1318,1725,1749]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">465</td>
</tr>
<tr id="355425000022005C87D814CBB11F48B9" box="[166,1318,1765,1790]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
<th id="76854C7C0022005C87D814CBB54848B9" box="[166,369,1765,1790]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Mc:h (%)</th>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C857314CBB6FD48B9" box="[525,708,1765,1790]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">9.3</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C842C14CBB7C348B9" box="[850,1018,1765,1790]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">9.0</td>
<td id="76854C7C0022005C830014CBB11F48B9" box="[1150,1318,1765,1790]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">8.6</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420022FFA687B91503B4DF49BC" blockId="5.[151,1437,1837,2043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">
Mesenchymal musculature (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70022FFA6856E1503B6A5490F" box="[528,668,1837,1864]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–18" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,184,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[163,1424,181,1936]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13–18. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., paratype MZU PL. 00320, microphotographs of transverse sections: (13–14) cephalic region of body; (15–18) anterior region of body at the level of ovaries." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306986/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Figs. 15–18</figureCitation>
) poorly developed, mainly composed of three layers: (1) dorsal subcutaneous decussate oblique muscles (about 6 fibres thick), located close to the cutaneous longitudinal muscle bundles; (2) supra-intestinal transverse muscles (about 8 fibres thick); and (3) sub-intestinal transverse muscles (about 6 fibres thick). In addition, there are scattered dorsoventral fibres and ventral subcutaneous oblique fibres. The mesenchymal musculature of the cephalic region (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70022FFA685841593B7704990" box="[762,841,1981,2007]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–18" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,184,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[163,1424,181,1936]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13–18. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., paratype MZU PL. 00320, microphotographs of transverse sections: (13–14) cephalic region of body; (15–18) anterior region of body at the level of ovaries." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306986/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="306">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
) is slightly less developed than in the pre-pharyngeal region.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1B77CA0021FFA587E91715B51C4BA3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306982" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7306982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306982/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" startId="6.[151,264,1339,1363]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1316]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BDB27420021FFA587E91715B51C4BA3" blockId="6.[151,1437,1339,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis id="B910FB500021FFA587E91715B5054B14" bold="true" box="[151,316,1339,1363]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">FIGURES 6–9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC10021FFA5863A1712B6C44B13" authority="Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[324,765,1340,1364]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910FB500021FFA5863A1712B5D64B14" box="[324,495,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Paraba aurantia</emphasis>
Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B910FB500021FFA584761712B7634B13" bold="true" box="[776,858,1340,1364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223462B0021FFA584761712B7634B13" box="[776,858,1340,1364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
: (6–7) photographs of the paratype MZU PL. 00320, in dorsal view, before fixation; (8) photograph of the anterior body region of the preserved paratype MZU PL. 00319 in ventral view; (9) photograph of the preserved holotype in dorsal view. Anterior tip to the left. Scale bars: (6–7) 5 mm; (8–9) 1 mm. The arrow indicates the ventral surface, which is partially visible in (7). The arrowheads indicate the brownish spots in the ventral surface in (8).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420021FFA587B9143CB6F348DE" blockId="6.[151,1437,1554,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis id="B910FB500021FFA587B9143CB517486B" bold="true" box="[199,302,1554,1580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Pharynx</emphasis>
. Pharynx cylindrical, about 7% of body length, with folded walls and dorsal insertion slightly displaced posteriorly with respect to the ventral insertion, located in the anterior third of the pharyngeal pouch (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70021FFA582771418B1644817" box="[1289,1373,1590,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1955,1979]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,1176,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-446@9.[162,1426,1173,1931]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 19. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., paratype MZU PL. 00320: microphotograph of a sagittal section of the pharynx. Anterior tip to the left." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306988/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
). The pharynx occupies about 96% of the pharyngeal pouch. Mouth located in the median third of the pharyngeal pouch. Oesophagus long; oesophagus:pharynx ratio 25%.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420021FFA587B9148CB7F84937" blockId="6.[151,1437,1554,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
Pharynx and pharyngeal lumen lined by ciliated, columnar epithelium with insunk nuclei. Pharyngeal glands constituted by three gland
<typeStatus id="54DF99E00021FFA586BC14E8B63848A7" box="[450,513,1734,1760]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">types</typeStatus>
: numerous xanthophil glands with coarse granules and cyanophil glands with fine granules, as well as less numerous erythrophil glands with coarse granules. Outer pharyngeal musculature (7–10 µm thick) comprised of a subepithelial layer of longitudinal fibres, followed by a circular layer. Inner pharyngeal musculature (12–50 µm thick) composed of a thick subepithelial layer with circular fibres, mixed with a few longitudinal. Both musculatures become thinner towards pharyngeal tip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420021FFA487B91557B50F4F96" blockId="6.[151,1437,1554,2012]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,150,465]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="308" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">
<emphasis id="B910FB500021FFA587B91557B5FA49D3" bold="true" box="[199,451,1913,1940]" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Reproductive organs</emphasis>
. Testes arranged uniserially on either side of the body and located beneath the dorsal transverse mesenchymal muscles and between intestinal branches (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70021FFA584E315B0B01549FF" box="[925,1068,1950,1977]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–18" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,184,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[163,1424,181,1936]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13–18. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., paratype MZU PL. 00320, microphotographs of transverse sections: (13–14) cephalic region of body; (15–18) anterior region of body at the level of ovaries." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306986/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="307">Figs. 15, 18</figureCitation>
). They arise slightly anterior to the ovaries, in the anterior third of the body, and extend to near the root of the pharynx (
<tableCitation id="C6E612F90021FFA583E315ECB0CD499B" box="[1181,1268,1986,2012]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements, in mm, of specimens of Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov. –: not measured; *: after fixation; **: immature specimen; DG: distance of gonopore from anterior end; DM: distance of mouth from anterior end; DMG: distance between mouth and gonopore; DPVP: distance between prostatic vesicle and pharyngeal pouch. The numbers given in parentheses represent the relative position of the character as a percentage of body length." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1B77CA0022FFA687E612B9B1AD4F5C" pageId="6" pageNumber="307" tableUuid="DF1B77CA0022FFA687E612B9B1AD4F5C">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Sperm ducts dorso-lateral to ovovitelline ducts in the pre-pharyngeal region (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70020FFA484FD12B9B02A4EF6" box="[899,1043,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–18" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,184,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[163,1424,181,1936]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13–18. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., paratype MZU PL. 00320, microphotographs of transverse sections: (13–14) cephalic region of body; (15–18) anterior region of body at the level of ovaries." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306986/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Figs. 15, 18</figureCitation>
). They form spermiducal vesicles laterally to the pharynx. Distally, spermiducal vesicles extend to the penis bulb, recurve anteriorly, being slightly asymmetrical as they approach and open into the proximal forked parts of the prostatic vesicle (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70020FFA483CB12F1B1024EBE" box="[1205,1339,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–21" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1861,1885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-20@10.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 20–21. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., sagittal composite reconstructions of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype (20) and paratype MZU PL. 00320 (21). Anterior tip to the left." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306990" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306990/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Figs. 20–21</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70020FFA4823812F1B1A84EBE" box="[1350,1425,223,249]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 22–23" captionStart-1="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId-0="11.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,264,1439,1463]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,387,1936]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1429,184,1410]" captionTargetId-0="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1941]" captionTargetId-1="figure-20@12.[158,1429,181,1415]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionText-0="FIGURES 22–23. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (22) holotype; (23) paratype MZU PL. 00320. Anterior tip to the left." captionText-1="FIGURES 24–27. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (24–25) paratype MZU PL. 00320, details of the prostatic vesicle and female canal; (26–27) holotype, details of the female organs. Anterior tip to the left. The arrows indicate the epithelium with a multilayered aspect of the female atrium in (27)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306994" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306996" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7306994/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7306996/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">23–24</figureCitation>
). Prostatic vesicle extrabulbar, tubular and twisted, consisting of two portions: proximal region with short, slightly asymmetrical branches, oriented obliquely and located ventrally to the main portion; main distal portion unforked and C-shaped (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70020FFA4863E1365B5F34F22" box="[320,458,331,357]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 20–21" captionStart-1="FIGURES 22–23" captionStart-2="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1861,1885]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionStartId-2="12.[151,264,1439,1463]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,185,1832]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,387,1936]" captionTargetBox-2="[158,1429,184,1410]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@10.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetId-1="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1941]" captionTargetId-2="figure-20@12.[158,1429,181,1415]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionText-0="FIGURES 20–21. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., sagittal composite reconstructions of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype (20) and paratype MZU PL. 00320 (21). Anterior tip to the left." captionText-1="FIGURES 22–23. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (22) holotype; (23) paratype MZU PL. 00320. Anterior tip to the left." captionText-2="FIGURES 24–27. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (24–25) paratype MZU PL. 00320, details of the prostatic vesicle and female canal; (26–27) holotype, details of the female organs. Anterior tip to the left. The arrows indicate the epithelium with a multilayered aspect of the female atrium in (27)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306990" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306994" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306996" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7306990/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7306994/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7306996/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Figs. 20–24</figureCitation>
). The main portion of the prostatic vesicle narrows before entering the common muscle coat and becomes slightly sinuous inside the penis bulb. Ejaculatory duct almost straight, opening at the tip of the penis papilla. Penis papilla of protrusible
<typeStatus id="54DF99E00020FFA4850F13BDB6984FEA" box="[625,673,403,429]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">type</typeStatus>
conical and symmetrical, occupying almost the whole male atrium (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70020FFA487E11399B5134F96" box="[159,298,439,465]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 20–21" captionStart-1="FIGURES 22–23" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1861,1885]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,185,1832]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,387,1936]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@10.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetId-1="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1941]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 20–21. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., sagittal composite reconstructions of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype (20) and paratype MZU PL. 00320 (21). Anterior tip to the left." captionText-1="FIGURES 22–23. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (22) holotype; (23) paratype MZU PL. 00320. Anterior tip to the left." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306990" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306994" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7306990/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7306994/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Figs. 20–23</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1B77CA0020FFA487E91775B1004BD0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306984" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7306984" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306984/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" startId="7.[151,264,1371,1395]" targetBox="[151,1436,489,1344]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BDB27420020FFA487E91775B1004BD0" blockId="7.[151,1436,1371,1432]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
<emphasis id="B910FB500020FFA487E91775B56D4B34" bold="true" box="[151,340,1371,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">FIGURES 10–12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC10020FFA486241775B7374B34" authority="Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[346,782,1371,1395]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910FB500020FFA486241775B63D4B34" box="[346,516,1371,1395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Paraba aurantia</emphasis>
Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B910FB500020FFA484691775B7514B34" bold="true" box="[791,872,1371,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223462B0020FFA484691775B7514B34" box="[791,872,1371,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
: (10–11) detail of the eye pattern in the cephalic region in paratypes MZU PL. 00320 (10) and MZU PL. 00319 (11); (12) eye pattern of the holotype. Anterior tip to the left.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420020FFA487B91791B1AB48CA" blockId="7.[151,1437,1471,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
Sperm ducts lined with ciliated, cuboidal epithelium and coated with a thin muscularis (2–8 µm thick) constituted mainly by circular fibres. Prostatic vesicle lined with ciliated, columnar epithelium. Muscle coat of prostatic vesicle (22–37 µm thick) comprises longitudinal, circular and oblique intermingled fibres. Numerous glands with finely granular erythrophil secretions of
<specimenCount id="9D62ECCB0020FFA4856E1405B6474802" box="[528,638,1579,1605]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
, one with loosely arranged granules and the other with densely arranged granules, open into the prostatic vesicle. Ejaculatory duct lined with ciliated, columnar epithelium, receiving amorphous, slightly cyanophil secretion. This duct is coated mainly with circular muscle fibres (10–30 µm thick).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420020FFA487B914B9B0634906" blockId="7.[151,1437,1471,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Penis papilla and male atrium lined with non-ciliated, cuboidal to columnar epithelium with abundant openings of erythrophil glands with coarsely granular secretion, besides cyanophil glands with finely granular secretion. In addition, xanthophil glands with coarsely granular secretion open through the lining epithelium of the penis papilla. Erythrophil glands scarcer in the male atrium walls. Muscularis of penis papilla and male atrium (5–15 µm thick) constituted of a subepithelial circular layer followed by a subjacent longitudinal layer.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB27420020FFAA87B91565B53A4FCE" blockId="7.[151,1437,1471,2038]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,1149]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="310" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">
Vitellaria well developed in the
<typeStatus id="54DF99E00020FFA4855E1565B6BC4922" box="[544,645,1867,1893]" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, less developed in other specimens, situated between intestinal branches. Ovaries oval-elongate, approximately three times longer than wide, measuring
<quantity id="4C9C8AA70020FFA483671541B09B49CE" box="[1049,1186,1903,1929]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
in the anteroposterior axis. They are located dorsal to the ventral nerve plate, in the anterior third of the body (
<tableCitation id="C6E612F90020FFA483E415BDB0CC49EA" box="[1178,1269,1939,1965]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[152,244,1376,1400]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 2. Body height and cutaneous musculature in the median region of a transversal section of the pre-pharyngeal region, in micrometers, and ratio of the height of cutaneous musculature to the height of the body (mc:h index) of specimens of Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1B77CA0022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87" pageId="7" pageNumber="308" tableUuid="DF1B77CA0022FFA687E6174EB76A4B87">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70020FFA4827D15BDB1B649EA" box="[1283,1423,1939,1966]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–18" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,184,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[163,1424,181,1936]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13–18. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., paratype MZU PL. 00320, microphotographs of transverse sections: (13–14) cephalic region of body; (15–18) anterior region of body at the level of ovaries." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306986/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Figs. 15, 17</figureCitation>
). Ovovitelline ducts emerge dorsally from the anterior end of the ovaries and run posteriorly immediately above the nerve plate (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70020FFA4866115F5B59A49B2" box="[287,419,2011,2038]" captionStart="FIGURES 13–18" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1960,1984]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,184,1934]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[163,1424,181,1936]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 13–18. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., paratype MZU PL. 00320, microphotographs of transverse sections: (13–14) cephalic region of body; (15–18) anterior region of body at the level of ovaries." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306986/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Figs. 15, 17</figureCitation>
). Ascending portion of the ovovitelline ducts located laterally to the gonopore (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC70020FFA4827615F5B1A849B2" box="[1288,1425,2011,2037]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–21" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1861,1885]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-20@10.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 20–21. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., sagittal composite reconstructions of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype (20) and paratype MZU PL. 00320 (21). Anterior tip to the left." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306990" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306990/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="308">Figs. 20–21</figureCitation>
). Common glandular ovovitelline duct short (about 60 µm in length), located dorsally to the female atrium, entering the common muscle coat in a postflex posterior approach, to open into the ental portion of the female canal (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC7002EFFAA826F1295B1A14E92" box="[1297,1432,187,213]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 20–21" captionStart-1="FIGURES 22–23" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1861,1885]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,185,1832]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,387,1936]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@10.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetId-1="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1941]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 20–21. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., sagittal composite reconstructions of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype (20) and paratype MZU PL. 00320 (21). Anterior tip to the left." captionText-1="FIGURES 22–23. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (22) holotype; (23) paratype MZU PL. 00320. Anterior tip to the left." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306990" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306994" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7306990/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7306994/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Figs. 20–22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135F3BC7002EFFAA87E912F0B48E4EBE" box="[151,183,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1439,1463]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,184,1410]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1429,181,1415]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (24–25) paratype MZU PL. 00320, details of the prostatic vesicle and female canal; (26–27) holotype, details of the female organs. Anterior tip to the left. The arrows indicate the epithelium with a multilayered aspect of the female atrium in (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306996" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306996/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">25</figureCitation>
). The female genital duct is a dorso-anteriorly curved diverticulum of the female atrium (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC7002EFFAA83D512F1B10E4EBE" box="[1195,1335,223,249]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 20–21" captionStart-1="FIGURES 22–23" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1861,1885]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,185,1832]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,387,1936]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@10.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetId-1="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1941]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 20–21. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., sagittal composite reconstructions of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype (20) and paratype MZU PL. 00320 (21). Anterior tip to the left." captionText-1="FIGURES 22–23. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (22) holotype; (23) paratype MZU PL. 00320. Anterior tip to the left." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306990" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306994" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7306990/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7306994/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Figs. 20–22</figureCitation>
). Female atrium oval-elongate, with ample lumen, narrowing laterally. Male and female atria show ample communication in the
<typeStatus id="54DF99E0002EFFAA879C1309B57E4F06" box="[226,327,295,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, but folds protrude from the dorsal and ventral walls of these atria, partially separating them, in
<typeStatus id="54DF99E0002EFFAA87E91365B4CE4F22" box="[151,247,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
MZU PL. 00320, which seems to be contracted (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC7002EFFAA846A1365B7A44F22" box="[788,925,331,357]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 20–21" captionStart-1="FIGURES 22–23" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1861,1885]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,185,1832]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,387,1936]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@10.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetId-1="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1941]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 20–21. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., sagittal composite reconstructions of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype (20) and paratype MZU PL. 00320 (21). Anterior tip to the left." captionText-1="FIGURES 22–23. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (22) holotype; (23) paratype MZU PL. 00320. Anterior tip to the left." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306990" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306994" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7306990/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7306994/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Figs. 20–23</figureCitation>
). Female atrium almost as long as male atrium (
<tableCitation id="C6E612F9002EFFAA87E11341B4CB4FCE" box="[159,242,367,393]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[152,244,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements, in mm, of specimens of Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov. –: not measured; *: after fixation; **: immature specimen; DG: distance of gonopore from anterior end; DM: distance of mouth from anterior end; DMG: distance between mouth and gonopore; DPVP: distance between prostatic vesicle and pharyngeal pouch. The numbers given in parentheses represent the relative position of the character as a percentage of body length." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1B77CA0022FFA687E612B9B1AD4F5C" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" tableUuid="DF1B77CA0022FFA687E612B9B1AD4F5C">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1B77CA002FFFAB87E91586B0D949A3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306986" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7306986" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306986/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" startId="8.[151,264,1960,1984]" targetBox="[163,1424,184,1934]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BDB2742002FFFAB87E91586B0D949A3" blockId="8.[151,1436,1960,2020]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002FFFAB87E91586B5604987" bold="true" box="[151,345,1960,1984]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">FIGURES 13–18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002FFFAB861A1586B7104987" authority="Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[356,809,1960,1984]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002FFFAB861A1586B62B4987" box="[356,530,1960,1984]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">Paraba aurantia</emphasis>
Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B910FB50002FFFAB84461586B7B44987" bold="true" box="[824,909,1960,1984]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223462B002FFFAB84461586B7B44987" box="[824,909,1960,1984]" pageId="8" pageNumber="309" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, paratype MZU PL. 00320, microphotographs of transverse sections: (13–14) cephalic region of body; (15–18) anterior region of body at the level of ovaries.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDB2742002EFFAA87B913BDB7FA4CB6" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">
Ovovitelline ducts and common ovovitelline duct lined with ciliated, cuboidal epithelium, covered with intermingled circular and longitudinal muscle fibres. Shell glands with erythrophil secretion empty into the common glandular ovovitelline duct as well as into the distal section of the ovovitelline ducts (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC7002EFFAA830713F5B13D4FB2" box="[1145,1284,475,501]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 20–21" captionStart-1="FIGURES 22–23" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1861,1885]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,185,1832]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,387,1936]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@10.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetId-1="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1941]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 20–21. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., sagittal composite reconstructions of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype (20) and paratype MZU PL. 00320 (21). Anterior tip to the left." captionText-1="FIGURES 22–23. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (22) holotype; (23) paratype MZU PL. 00320. Anterior tip to the left." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306990" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306994" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7306990/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7306994/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Figs. 20–22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135F3BC7002EFFAA826F13F4B1654FB2" box="[1297,1372,474,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1439,1463]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,184,1410]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1429,181,1415]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (24–25) paratype MZU PL. 00320, details of the prostatic vesicle and female canal; (26–27) holotype, details of the female organs. Anterior tip to the left. The arrows indicate the epithelium with a multilayered aspect of the female atrium in (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306996" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306996/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">25–26</figureCitation>
). The female canal and the distal portion of the female atrium are lined by a ciliated epithelium with pseudostratified appearance, whereas the proximal portion of the female atrium is lined by an epithelium with stratified appearance (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC7002EFFAA87E11069B5104C26" box="[159,297,583,609]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 20–21" captionStart-1="FIGURES 22–23" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1861,1885]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,185,1832]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,387,1936]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@10.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetId-1="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1941]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 20–21. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., sagittal composite reconstructions of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype (20) and paratype MZU PL. 00320 (21). Anterior tip to the left." captionText-1="FIGURES 22–23. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (22) holotype; (23) paratype MZU PL. 00320. Anterior tip to the left." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306990" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306994" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7306990/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7306994/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Figs. 20–23</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135F3BC7002EFFAA86481068B5B94C26" box="[310,384,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1439,1463]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,184,1410]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1429,181,1415]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (24–25) paratype MZU PL. 00320, details of the prostatic vesicle and female canal; (26–27) holotype, details of the female organs. Anterior tip to the left. The arrows indicate the epithelium with a multilayered aspect of the female atrium in (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306996" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306996/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">25–27</figureCitation>
), which is low (10–30 µm high). Three
<typeStatus id="54DF99E0002EFFAA84351069B7BF4C26" box="[843,902,583,609]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">types</typeStatus>
of secretory cells open through the epithelium of the female atrium and canal: cyanophil glands with finely granular secretion, cyanophil glands with coarsely granular secretion and sparser erythrophil glands with finely granular secretion. Muscularis of the female canal (10–30 µm) thicker than that of the female atrium (10–27 µm), both of them comprised of a thin layer of circular fibres followed by a layer of interwoven circular and longitudinal fibres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB2742002EFFAA87B910D5B7104D1A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">
Gonoduct vertical at the sagittal plane (
<figureCitation id="135F3BC7002EFFAA850610D5B6C64D52" box="[632,767,763,789]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 20–21" captionStart-1="FIGURES 22–23" captionStartId-0="10.[151,264,1861,1885]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,264,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,185,1832]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,387,1936]" captionTargetId-0="figure-20@10.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetId-1="figure-119@11.[151,1436,381,1941]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURES 20–21. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., sagittal composite reconstructions of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype (20) and paratype MZU PL. 00320 (21). Anterior tip to the left." captionText-1="FIGURES 22–23. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (22) holotype; (23) paratype MZU PL. 00320. Anterior tip to the left." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306990" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306994" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7306990/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7306994/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Figs. 20–22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135F3BC7002EFFAA847710D5B7684D52" box="[777,849,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–27" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1439,1463]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,184,1410]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[158,1429,181,1415]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 24–27. Paraba aurantia Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet, sp. nov., microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (24–25) paratype MZU PL. 00320, details of the prostatic vesicle and female canal; (26–27) holotype, details of the female organs. Anterior tip to the left. The arrows indicate the epithelium with a multilayered aspect of the female atrium in (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306996" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306996/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">24, 26</figureCitation>
), lined with ciliated, columnar epithelium and coated with a subepithelial layer of circular fibres, followed by a layer of longitudinal fibres. Common muscle coat thin, with circular, longitudinal and oblique intermingled fibres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB2742002EFFAA87B91148B7B74D8E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA87B91148B5D64DC7" bold="true" box="[199,495,870,896]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Comparative discussion</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002EFFAA85761149B02B4DC6" authority="Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[520,1042,871,897]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA85761149B6F44DC7" box="[520,717,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Paraba aurantia</emphasis>
Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA83561149B0B54DC6" bold="true" box="[1064,1164,871,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223462B002EFFAA83561149B0B54DC6" box="[1064,1164,871,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
shows the diagnostic characteristics of the genus, such as cylindrical pharynx, penis papilla protrusible and conical and female atrium lined with epithelium of multi-layered aspect (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002EFFAA85E01181B7BB4D8E" author="Carbayo, F. &amp; Alvarez-Presas, M. &amp; Olivares, C. T. &amp; Marques, F. P. &amp; Froehlich, E. M. &amp; Riutort, M." box="[670,898,943,969]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" pagination="508 - 528" refId="ref11428" refString="Carbayo, F., Alvarez-Presas, M., Olivares, C. T., Marques, F. P., Froehlich, E. M. &amp; Riutort, M. (2013) Molecular phylogeny of Geoplaninae (Platyhelminthes) challenges current classification: proposal of taxonomic actions. Zoologica Scripta, 42 (5), 508 - 528. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zsc. 12019" type="journal article" year="2013">
Carbayo
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA84781181B7074D8E" box="[774,830,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB2742002EFFAA87E911FDB5BA4A3A" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">
The new species has eyes spreading over the dorsum and a forked prostatic vesicle, a combination of characteristics that is found in four other species of this genus, namely
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002EFFAA846B11D9B0A44A56" authority="(Froehlich, 1958)" baseAuthorityName="Froehlich" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[789,1181,1014,1041]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caapora">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA846B11D9B7F74A57" box="[789,974,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Paraba caapora</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002EFFAA84A011D9B0AF4A56" author="Froehlich, C. G." box="[990,1174,1014,1041]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" pagination="93 - 121" refId="ref11671" refString="Froehlich, C. G. (1958) On a collection of Brazilian land planarians. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Cencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 21, 93 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2526 - 3382. bffclzoologia. 1957.120237" type="journal article" year="1958">Froehlich, 1958</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002EFFAA83D411D9B4E24A72" authority="(Froehlich, 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Froehlich" baseAuthorityYear="1959" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gaucha">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA83D411D9B1214A56" box="[1194,1304,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">P. gaucha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002EFFAA825611D9B4EA4A72" author="Froehlich, C. G." pageId="9" pageNumber="310" pagination="201 - 265" refId="ref11729" refString="Froehlich, C. G. (1959) On geoplanids from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Serie Zoologia, 22, 201 - 265. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2526 - 3382. bffclzoologia. 1959.120326" type="journal article" year="1959">Froehlich, 1959</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002EFFAA87981635B62B4A72" authority="(Graff, 1899)" baseAuthorityName="Graff" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[230,530,1051,1077]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="multicolor">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA87981635B54E4A72" box="[230,375,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">P. multicolor</emphasis>
(Graff, 1899)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002EFFAA85361635B0214A72" authority="Amaral &amp; Leal-Zanchet, 2019" authorityName="Amaral &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2019" box="[584,1048,1051,1077]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pankaru">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA85361635B6F94A72" box="[584,704,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">P. pankaru</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002EFFAA85BB1635B0214A72" author="Amaral, S. V. &amp; Leal-Zanchet, A. M. &amp; Ferreira, R. L." box="[709,1048,1051,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" pagination="231 - 241" refId="ref11075" refString="Amaral, S. V., Leal-Zanchet, A. M. &amp; Ferreira, R. L. (2019) Two new species of Neotropical land flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) occurring in ferruginous and limestone caves. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 283, 231 - 241. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2019.09.008" type="journal article" year="2019">Amaral &amp; Leal-Zanchet, 2019</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002EFFAA83581635B0EC4A72" author="Froehlich, C. G." box="[1062,1237,1050,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" pagination="93 - 121" refId="ref11671" refString="Froehlich, C. G. (1958) On a collection of Brazilian land planarians. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Cencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 21, 93 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2526 - 3382. bffclzoologia. 1957.120237" type="journal article" year="1958">Froehlich 1958</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002EFFAA839E1634B1224A72" author="Froehlich, C. G." box="[1248,1307,1050,1077]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" pagination="201 - 265" refId="ref11729" refString="Froehlich, C. G. (1959) On geoplanids from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Serie Zoologia, 22, 201 - 265. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2526 - 3382. bffclzoologia. 1959.120326" type="journal article" year="1959">1959</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002EFFAA82591635B5224A1E" author="Negrete, L. &amp; Brusa, F." pageId="9" pageNumber="310" pagination="99 - 127" refId="ref12909" refString="Negrete, L. &amp; Brusa, F. (2017) Increasing diversity of land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) in the Interior Atlantic Forest with the description of two new species and new records from Argentina. Zootaxa, 4362 (1), 99 - 127. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4362.1.5" type="journal article" year="2017">Negrete &amp; Brusa 2017</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002EFFAA865B1611B5C44A1E" author="Amaral, S. V. &amp; Leal-Zanchet, A. M. &amp; Ferreira, R. L." box="[293,509,1087,1113]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" pagination="231 - 241" refId="ref11075" refString="Amaral, S. V., Leal-Zanchet, A. M. &amp; Ferreira, R. L. (2019) Two new species of Neotropical land flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) occurring in ferruginous and limestone caves. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 283, 231 - 241. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2019.09.008" type="journal article" year="2019">
Amaral
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA86FF1611B58B4A1E" box="[385,434,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
). Thus, in the following comparative discussion, we discuss
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002EFFAA83D81611B11B4A1F" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[1190,1314,1087,1112]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA83D81611B11B4A1F" box="[1190,1314,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">P. aurantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in relation to these four species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1B77CA002EFFAA87E9158DB6534998" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306988" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7306988" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306988/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" startId="9.[151,250,1955,1979]" targetBox="[162,1426,1176,1928]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BDB2742002EFFAA87E9158DB6534998" blockId="9.[151,1436,1955,2015]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA87E9158DB51B49FC" bold="true" box="[151,290,1955,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002EFFAA8654158DB6DD49FC" authority="Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[298,740,1955,1979]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA8654158DB5EC49FC" box="[298,469,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">Paraba aurantia</emphasis>
Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B910FB50002EFFAA858E158DB77B49FC" bold="true" box="[752,834,1955,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223462B002EFFAA858E158DB77B49FC" box="[752,834,1955,1979]" pageId="9" pageNumber="310" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, paratype MZU PL. 00320: microphotograph of a sagittal section of the pharynx. Anterior tip to the left.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1B77CA002DFFA987E9156BB01849C6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306990" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7306990" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306990/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" startId="10.[151,264,1861,1885]" targetBox="[151,1436,185,1832]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BDB2742002DFFA987E9156BB01849C6" blockId="10.[151,1436,1861,1922]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002DFFA987E9156BB56F491A" bold="true" box="[151,342,1861,1885]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">FIGURES 20–21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002DFFA98620156BB720491A" authority="Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[350,793,1861,1886]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002DFFA98620156BB630491A" box="[350,521,1861,1885]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">Paraba aurantia</emphasis>
Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B910FB50002DFFA9845B1568B74E4919" bold="true" box="[805,887,1862,1886]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223462B002DFFA9845B1568B74E4919" box="[805,887,1862,1886]" pageId="10" pageNumber="311" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, sagittal composite reconstructions of the copulatory apparatus of the holotype (20) and paratype MZU PL. 00320 (21). Anterior tip to the left.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDB2742002CFFA887B912B9B60D4F22" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
With an orangish dorsum covered by a single and wide black median band,
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002CFFA8837112B9B0B34EF7" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[1039,1162,151,176]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002CFFA8837112B9B0B34EF7" box="[1039,1162,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">P. aurantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002CFFA8826312B9B1AC4EF7" baseAuthorityName="Froehlich" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1309,1429,151,176]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caapora">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002CFFA8826312B9B1AC4EF7" box="[1309,1429,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">P. caapora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has a light-brown dorsum with dark patches (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002CFFA8859D1295B7AD4E92" author="Froehlich, C. G." box="[739,916,186,213]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="93 - 121" refId="ref11671" refString="Froehlich, C. G. (1958) On a collection of Brazilian land planarians. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Cencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 21, 93 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2526 - 3382. bffclzoologia. 1957.120237" type="journal article" year="1958">Froehlich 1958</bibRefCitation>
). The new species also differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002CFFA882531295B1A54E92" baseAuthorityName="Froehlich" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[1325,1436,187,213]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gaucha">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002CFFA882531295B1A54E92" box="[1325,1436,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">P. gaucha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B910FB50002CFFA887B812F1B5634EBE" box="[198,346,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002CFFA887B812F1B56C4EBE" baseAuthorityName="Graff" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[198,341,223,249]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="multicolor">P. multicolor</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which show various longitudinal stripes and/or bands, as well as from
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002CFFA8830F12F1B0D04EBE" authorityName="Amaral &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2019" box="[1137,1257,223,249]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pankaru">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002CFFA8830F12F1B0D04EBE" box="[1137,1257,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">P. pankaru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that has a black dorsum with a yellowish transverse band (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002CFFA88511132DB7274F5A" author="Froehlich, C. G." box="[623,798,258,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="201 - 265" refId="ref11729" refString="Froehlich, C. G. (1959) On geoplanids from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Serie Zoologia, 22, 201 - 265. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2526 - 3382. bffclzoologia. 1959.120326" type="journal article" year="1959">Froehlich 1959</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002CFFA88457132DB0104F5A" author="Negrete, L. &amp; Brusa, F." box="[809,1065,259,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="99 - 127" refId="ref12909" refString="Negrete, L. &amp; Brusa, F. (2017) Increasing diversity of land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) in the Interior Atlantic Forest with the description of two new species and new records from Argentina. Zootaxa, 4362 (1), 99 - 127. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4362.1.5" type="journal article" year="2017">Negrete &amp; Brusa 2017</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002CFFA8834D132DB1304F5A" author="Amaral, S. V. &amp; Leal-Zanchet, A. M. &amp; Ferreira, R. L." box="[1075,1289,259,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="231 - 241" refId="ref11075" refString="Amaral, S. V., Leal-Zanchet, A. M. &amp; Ferreira, R. L. (2019) Two new species of Neotropical land flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) occurring in ferruginous and limestone caves. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 283, 231 - 241. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2019.09.008" type="journal article" year="2019">
Amaral
<emphasis id="B910FB50002CFFA883F3132DB0864F5A" box="[1165,1215,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
). In addition,
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002CFFA887E91309B52D4F07" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,276,295,320]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002CFFA887E91309B52D4F07" box="[151,276,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">P. aurantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has eyes spreading onto the dorsal surface of the body, including the cephalic region, a characteristic that is seldom found in
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002CFFA886E11365B6094F22" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1857" box="[415,560,331,357]" family="Geoplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="305" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Geoplaninae">Geoplaninae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1B77CA002CFFA887E91582B78D49AE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306994" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7306994" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306994/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" startId="11.[151,264,1964,1988]" targetBox="[151,1436,387,1936]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BDB2742002CFFA887E91582B78D49AE" blockId="11.[151,1436,1964,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002CFFA887E91582B56A4983" bold="true" box="[151,339,1964,1988]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">FIGURES 22–23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002CFFA886291583B73C4982" authority="Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[343,773,1965,1989]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002CFFA886291583B5C64983" box="[343,511,1965,1989]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Paraba aurantia</emphasis>
Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B910FB50002CFFA884731583B7654982" bold="true" box="[781,860,1965,1989]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223462B002CFFA884731583B7654982" box="[781,860,1965,1989]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (22) holotype; (23) paratype MZU PL. 00320. Anterior tip to the left.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1B77CA002BFFAF87E917B1B4F14864" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7306996" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7306996" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7306996/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" startId="12.[151,264,1439,1463]" targetBox="[158,1429,184,1410]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BDB2742002BFFAF87E917B1B4F14864" blockId="12.[151,1437,1439,1571]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF87E917B1B56A4BF0" bold="true" box="[151,339,1439,1463]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">FIGURES 24–27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF862917B1B73C4BF0" authority="Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[343,773,1439,1463]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF862917B1B5C64BF0" box="[343,511,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Paraba aurantia</emphasis>
Marques &amp; Leal-Zanchet
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF847317B1B7654BF0" bold="true" box="[781,860,1439,1463]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A223462B002BFFAF847317B1B7654BF0" box="[781,860,1439,1463]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, microphotographs of the copulatory apparatus in sagittal sections: (24–25) paratype MZU PL. 00320, details of the prostatic vesicle and female canal; (26–27) holotype, details of the female organs. Anterior tip to the left. The arrows indicate the epithelium with a multilayered aspect of the female atrium in (27).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDB2742002BFFAF87B9147FB61F49B0" blockId="12.[151,1437,1617,2039]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">
Regarding the copulatory apparatus,
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF851B147CB6D8482C" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[613,737,1618,1643]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF851B147CB6D8482C" box="[613,737,1618,1643]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. aurantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows a tubular and twisted prostatic vesicle with a C-shaped distal portion and short, slightly asymmetrical proximal branches. Therefore, it can be differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF82601458B1AC48C8" baseAuthorityName="Froehlich" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1310,1429,1654,1679]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caapora">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF82601458B1AC48C8" box="[1310,1429,1654,1679]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. caapora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF87E914B4B51148F4" baseAuthorityName="Graff" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[151,296,1689,1715]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="multicolor">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF87E914B4B51148F4" box="[151,296,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. multicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF861E14B4B5F748F4" baseAuthorityName="Froehlich" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[352,462,1689,1715]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gaucha">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF861E14B4B5F748F4" box="[352,462,1689,1715]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. gaucha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which have the distal portion of the prostatic vesicle almost straight (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002BFFAF839614B7B1A148F3" author="Froehlich, C. G." box="[1256,1432,1689,1716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" pagination="93 - 121" refId="ref11671" refString="Froehlich, C. G. (1958) On a collection of Brazilian land planarians. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Cencias e Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 21, 93 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2526 - 3382. bffclzoologia. 1957.120237" type="journal article" year="1958">Froehlich 1958</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002BFFAF87E91493B4EB489F" author="Froehlich, C. G." box="[151,210,1725,1752]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" pagination="201 - 265" refId="ref11729" refString="Froehlich, C. G. (1959) On geoplanids from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Serie Zoologia, 22, 201 - 265. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2526 - 3382. bffclzoologia. 1959.120326" type="journal article" year="1959">1959</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002BFFAF87A31490B5E5489F" author="Negrete, L. &amp; Brusa, F." box="[221,476,1726,1752]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" pagination="99 - 127" refId="ref12909" refString="Negrete, L. &amp; Brusa, F. (2017) Increasing diversity of land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) in the Interior Atlantic Forest with the description of two new species and new records from Argentina. Zootaxa, 4362 (1), 99 - 127. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4362.1.5" type="journal article" year="2017">Negrete &amp; Brusa 2017</bibRefCitation>
). Besides, the proximal portions are large and globular in
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF83241490B0E84890" baseAuthorityName="Froehlich" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1114,1233,1726,1751]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caapora">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF83241490B0E84890" box="[1114,1233,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. caapora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF82781490B1AF4890" baseAuthorityName="Graff" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[1286,1430,1725,1751]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="multicolor">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF82781490B1AF4890" box="[1286,1430,1725,1751]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. multicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, differing from the short branches in
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF855114CCB69248BC" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[559,683,1762,1787]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF855114CCB69248BC" box="[559,683,1762,1787]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. aurantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In contrast,
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF844114CCB78148BC" authorityName="Amaral &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2019" box="[831,952,1761,1787]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pankaru">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF844114CCB78148BC" box="[831,952,1761,1787]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. pankaru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a prostatic vesicle with a more twisted distal portion (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF55AB3002BFFAF8644152BB6284967" author="Amaral, S. V. &amp; Leal-Zanchet, A. M. &amp; Ferreira, R. L." box="[314,529,1797,1824]" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" pagination="231 - 241" refId="ref11075" refString="Amaral, S. V., Leal-Zanchet, A. M. &amp; Ferreira, R. L. (2019) Two new species of Neotropical land flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Continenticola) occurring in ferruginous and limestone caves. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 283, 231 - 241. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2019.09.008" type="journal article" year="2019">
Amaral
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF86E81528B5FE4958" box="[406,455,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
), showing an ampler lumen in comparison to
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF83711528B0B34958" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[1039,1162,1798,1823]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF83711528B0B34958" box="[1039,1162,1798,1823]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. aurantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF825E1528B1A54958" authorityName="Marques &amp; Hartmann &amp; Valiati &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2022" box="[1312,1436,1798,1823]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="aurantia">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF825E1528B1A54958" box="[1312,1436,1798,1823]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. aurantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows a female atrium with ample lumen, lined by a pseudostratified epithelium in its distal and median thirds and an epithelium with multi-layered appearance in the proximal portion of the atrium, which is lower than in other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF8672155FB55949CC" box="[268,352,1905,1931]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF8672155FB55949CC" box="[268,352,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">Paraba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In contrast, other species of this genus shows a female atrium with narrow lumen, which is lined by a tall epithelium with a multi-layered aspect in some species, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF84C015B8B07749E8" baseAuthorityName="Graff" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[958,1102,1941,1967]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="multicolor">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF84C015B8B07749E8" box="[958,1102,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. multicolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C645CC1002BFFAF83FD15B8B0C249E8" authorityName="Amaral &amp; Leal-Zanchet" authorityYear="2019" box="[1155,1275,1941,1967]" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Paraba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="313" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pankaru">
<emphasis id="B910FB50002BFFAF83FD15B8B0C249E8" box="[1155,1275,1941,1967]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="313">P. pankaru</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, at least in the proximal third or half of the female atrium, whereas most species show almost the entire atrium with this lining, narrowing the lumen of this atrium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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