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<document id="00728583D0674D27A0E02D709C332AFE" ID-DOI="10.15560/13.4.315" ID-ISSN="1809-127X" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1630363366212" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Ikhwanuddin, Mat Esa Mohd, Amal, Mohammad Noor Azmai, Aziz, Azizul, Sepet, Johari, Talib, Abdullah, Ismail, Muhammad Faiz &amp; Hashim, Nor Rasidah" docDate="2017" docId="03C67B1DFFD0FFA40E234C2760DA72F1" docLanguage="en" docName="CheckList.2017.13.4.315-325.pdf" docOrigin="Check List 13 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/13.4.315" docStyle="DocumentStyle:BB30DA0EB5D11E1D6FE264CD32192DE2.3:CheckList.2017-.journal_article.annotatedlist" docStyleId="BB30DA0EB5D11E1D6FE264CD32192DE2" docStyleName="CheckList.2017-.journal_article.annotatedlist" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Channa gachua" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="321" masterDocId="FFFF0365FFD5FFA20D0E4B7261327423" masterDocTitle="Inventory of fishes in the upper Pelus River (Perak river basin, Perak, Malaysia)" masterLastPageNumber="325" masterPageNumber="315" pageNumber="320" updateTime="1699247968188" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="C8218972E653D625216F3010730794A4">Inventory of fishes in the upper Pelus River (Perak river basin, Perak, Malaysia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9BF6A68B91508A90601E1061AC4D04E2">Ikhwanuddin, Mat Esa Mohd</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BD0CA0BFFD0FFA70E234C2765AC734E" blockId="5.[813,1182,1877,1901]" box="[813,1182,1877,1901]" pageId="5" pageNumber="320">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD0FFA70E234C2765AC734E" ID-CoL="TM36" authority="(Hamilton, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[813,1182,1877,1901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Channa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gachua">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD0FFA70E234C2765AC734E" box="[813,1182,1877,1901]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="320" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD0FFA70E234C2762EF734E" bold="true" box="[813,989,1877,1901]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="320">Channa gachua</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEB7FAFFD0FFA70EE24C2765A4734E" author="Hamilton F" box="[1004,1174,1877,1901]" pageId="5" pageNumber="320" refId="ref7558" refString="Hamilton F (1822) An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges and its branches. Constable, Edinburgh, 405 pp." type="book" year="1822">Hamilton, 1822</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BD0CA0BFFD0FFA70E234C0765AD73AB" blockId="5.[813,1420,1909,2091]" box="[813,1183,1909,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="320">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7FED25FFD0FFA70E234C0765AD73AB" box="[813,1183,1909,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="320">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACEEC1AFFD0FFA70E234C0765A973AB" author="Hamilton F" box="[813,1179,1909,1928]" page="68" pageId="5" pageNumber="320" year="1822">
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD0FFA70E234C0765A973AB" ID-CoL="74P7N" authority="Hamilton 1822: 68" authorityName="Hamilton" authorityPageNumber="68" authorityYear="1822" box="[813,1179,1909,1928]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Ophiocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gachua">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD0FFA70E234C0762C073AB" box="[813,1010,1909,1928]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="320">Ophiocephalus gachua</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEB7FAFFD0FFA70EF94C0765A973AB" author="Hamilton F" box="[1015,1179,1909,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="320" refId="ref7558" refString="Hamilton F (1822) An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges and its branches. Constable, Edinburgh, 405 pp." type="book" year="1822">Hamilton 1822: 68</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD0CA0BFFD0FFA70E234CE365F47387" blockId="5.[813,1420,1909,2091]" box="[813,1222,1937,1956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="320">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7FED25FFD0FFA70E234CE365F47387" box="[813,1222,1937,1956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="320">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACEEC1AFFD0FFA70E234CE365F07387" author="Hamilton F" box="[813,1218,1937,1956]" page="69" pageId="5" pageNumber="320" year="1822">
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD0FFA70E234CE365F07387" ID-CoL="49W9T" authority="Hamilton 1822: 69" authorityName="Hamilton" authorityPageNumber="69" authorityYear="1822" box="[813,1218,1937,1956]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Ophiocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="320" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD0FFA70E234CE3652B7387" box="[813,1049,1937,1956]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="320">Ophiocephalus aurantiacus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEB7FAFFD0FFA709104CE365F07387" author="Hamilton F" box="[1054,1218,1937,1956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="320" refId="ref7558" refString="Hamilton F (1822) An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges and its branches. Constable, Edinburgh, 405 pp." type="book" year="1822">Hamilton 1822: 69</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3759980FFD0FFA40E5C4CDD60DA72F1" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="321" pageId="5" pageNumber="320" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD0CA0BFFD0FFA70E5C4CDD643573E4" blockId="5.[813,1420,1909,2091]" box="[850,1287,1967,1991]" pageId="5" pageNumber="320">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD0FFA70E5C4CDD650373E4" bold="true" box="[850,1073,1967,1991]" pageId="5" pageNumber="320">Material examined.</emphasis>
<tableCitation id="C6EDFFB0FFD0FFA709334CDD65BF73E4" box="[1085,1165,1967,1991]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[166,218,517,537]" captionText="Table 1. Species, IUCN status, number of individuals sampled per site in Pelus River, and data available from previous studies in Perak River. LC: least concern; NE: not evaluated; DD: data deficient; NT: nearly threatened; *: mean index; U: upper; M: middle; L: lower portion of Pelus River; UPMZM: Universiti Putra Malaysia Zoology Museum." pageId="5" pageNumber="320">Table 1</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="1354D68EFFD0FFA709944CDD643173E4" box="[1178,1283,1967,1991]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[168,230,1057,1077]" captionTargetBox="[168,1421,160,1028]" captionTargetId="figure-438@6.[168,1421,160,1028]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. Species sampling in this study: a) Channa gachua (UPMZM F 1049, 94.6 mm TL); b) Batasio fluviatilis (UPMZM F 1057, 77.3 mm TL); c) Leiocassis poecilopterus (UPMZM F 1061, 78.0 mm TL); d) Mystus cavasius (UPMZM F 1065, 110.0 mm TL); e) Clarias leiacanthus (UPMZM F 1067, 137.2 mm TL); f) Glyptothorax major (UPMZM F 1071, 60.2 mm TL); g) Glyptothorax siamensis (UPMZM F 1076, 71.2 mm TL); h) Macrognathus keithi (UPMZM F 1080, 117.0 mm TL)." pageId="5" pageNumber="320">Figure 4a</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD0CA0BFFD0FFA70E5C4CA264B97C08" blockId="5.[813,1420,1909,2091]" pageId="5" pageNumber="320">This species is characterized by the white margin in dorsal, anal and caudal fins; 33½ scales between the lateral line and the base of the anterior dorsal-fin rays;</paragraph>
<caption id="DF109A83FFD3FFA40DA64F53637370AE" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" startId="6.[168,230,1057,1077]" targetBox="[168,1421,160,1028]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BD0CA0BFFD3FFA40DA64F53637370AE" blockId="6.[168,1423,1057,1165]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40DA64F5361CE7016" bold="true" box="[168,252,1057,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Species sampling in this study:
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40F154F5363147016" bold="true" box="[539,550,1057,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">a</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD3FFA40F3F4F53638F7016" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[561,701,1057,1077]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Channa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gachua">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40F3F4F53638F7016" box="[561,701,1057,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">Channa gachua</emphasis>
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(UPMZM F 1049, 94.6 mm TL);
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40EDC4F5362ED7016" bold="true" box="[978,991,1057,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">b</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD3FFA40EE74F53654C7016" baseAuthorityName="Day" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[1001,1150,1057,1077]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bagridae" genus="Batasio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40EE74F53654C7016" box="[1001,1150,1057,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">Batasio fluviatilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UPMZM F 1057, 77.3 mm TL);
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40DA64F4C61807071" bold="true" box="[168,178,1086,1106]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">c</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD3FFA40DB34F4C60BF7071" baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1840" box="[189,397,1086,1106]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bagridae" genus="Leiocassis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poecilopterus">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40DB34F4C60BF7071" box="[189,397,1086,1106]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">Leiocassis poecilopterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UPMZM F 1061, 78.0 mm TL);
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40FA94F4C63817071" bold="true" box="[679,691,1086,1106]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">d</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD3FFA40FB04F4C62787071" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[702,842,1086,1106]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Bagridae" genus="Mystus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cavasius">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40FB04F4C62787071" box="[702,842,1086,1106]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">Mystus cavasius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UPMZM F 1065, 110.0 mm TL);
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA409604F4C654B7071" bold="true" box="[1134,1145,1086,1106]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">e</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD3FFA4098A4F4C64187071" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1851" box="[1156,1322,1086,1106]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Clariidae" genus="Clarias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leiacanthus">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA4098A4F4C64187071" box="[1156,1322,1086,1106]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">Clarias leiacanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UPMZM F 1067, 137.2 mm TL);
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40C6D4F2E60587053" bold="true" box="[355,362,1116,1136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">f</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD3FFA40C784F2E63137053" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[374,545,1116,1136]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sisoridae" genus="Glyptothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="major">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40C784F2E63137053" box="[374,545,1116,1136]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">Glyptothorax major</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UPMZM F 1071, 60.2 mm TL);
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40E344F2E62747053" bold="true" box="[826,838,1116,1136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">g</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD3FFA40E5C4F2E652D7053" authorityName="Hora" authorityYear="1923" box="[850,1055,1116,1136]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Sisoridae" genus="Glyptothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siamensis">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40E5C4F2E652D7053" box="[850,1055,1116,1136]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">Glyptothorax siamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UPMZM F 1076, 71.2 mm TL);
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA408394F2E64717053" bold="true" box="[1335,1347,1116,1136]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">h</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD3FFA408414F2E601670AE" baseAuthorityName="Herre" baseAuthorityYear="1940" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mastacembelidae" genus="Macrognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Synbranchiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="keithi">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA408414F2E601670AE" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">Macrognathus keithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UPMZM F 1080, 117.0 mm TL).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD0CA0BFFD3FFA40DA64FCF60DA72F1" blockId="6.[168,776,1213,1746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">
relatively small body size, compared to its congeners, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD3FFA40C0F4FAD60BA70D4" box="[257,392,1247,1271]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Clariidae" genus="Clarias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40C0F4FAD60BA70D4" box="[257,392,1247,1271]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">C. orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD3FFA40CCE4FAD631A70D5" box="[448,552,1247,1270]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Clariidae" genus="Clarias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="striata">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40CCE4FAD631A70D5" box="[448,552,1247,1270]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">C. striata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. There is significant evidence suggesting
<taxonomicName id="4C6FB188FFD3FFA40C874E7360CA713B" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[393,504,1280,1304]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Channidae" genus="Channa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gachua">
<emphasis id="B91B1619FFD3FFA40C874E7360CA713B" box="[393,504,1280,1304]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">C. gachua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a complex of species, and a taxonomic review of this group is clearly necessary.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEB7FAFFD3FFA40DA64E376067717E" author="Ng HH &amp; Ng PKL &amp; Britz R" box="[168,341,1348,1373]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" pagination="57 - 63" refId="ref8828" refString="Ng HH, Ng PKL, Britz R (1999) Channa harcourtbutleri (Annandale, 1918): a valid species of snakehead (Perciformes: Channidae) from Myanmar. Journal of South Asian Natural History 4 (1): 57 - 63." type="journal article" year="1999">Ng et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
noted the presence of small black spots on the body of Indochinese specimens but not on those from
<collectingCountry id="F3788A9BFFD3FFA40DE64EFA602D7183" box="[232,287,1416,1440]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="321">India</collectingCountry>
and from Greater Sunda Islands. Notwith- standing,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEB7FAFFD3FFA40C1C4ED960D171E1" author="Tan HH &amp; Ng PKL" box="[274,483,1450,1475]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" pagination="115 - 138" refId="ref9567" refString="Tan HH, Ng PKL (2005) The labyrinth fishes (Teleostei: Anabanatoidei, Channoidei) of Sumatra, Indonesia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 13: 115 - 138." type="journal article" year="2005">Tan and Ng (2005)</bibRefCitation>
later observed this similar color pattern on specimens also from Jambi province, Sumatra. They are usually found in hill streams, while the adults inhabit medium-sized to large rivers, brooks, rapid-running mountain streams, and stagnant water bod- ies including sluggish flowing canals (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEB7FAFFD3FFA40F474D26638E724F" author="Taki Y" box="[585,700,1620,1644]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" refId="ref9492" refString="Taki Y (1978) An analytical study of the fish fauna of the Mekong basin as a biological production system in nature. Research Institute of Evolutionary Biology Special Publications No 1. Research Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Tokyo, 77 pp." type="book" year="1978">Taki 1978</bibRefCitation>
). They feed at night on small fish, insects, and crustaceans. They exhibit parental care, with the male brooding eggs and fry in his mouth (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFEB7FAFFD3FFA40C354DC860D072F1" author="Lim KKP &amp; Tan HH &amp; Low JKY" box="[315,482,1722,1746]" pageId="6" pageNumber="321" refId="ref8278" refString="Lim KKP, Tan HH, Low JKY (2008) Fishes. In: Davison GWH, Ng PKL, Chew HH (Eds) The Singapore Red Data Book: Threatened Plants and Animals of Singapore. 2 nd ed. Nature Society, Singa- pore, 285 pp." type="book" year="2008">Lim et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>