treatments-xml/data/03/A2/87/03A287EBFFE8FFE2FBDFF9E24BE3F530.xml

<document id="E0C95F6A8735DAA30FFC09D9BDE6B13B" ID-CLB-Dataset="45784" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.205649" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0692e4e9-6d53-43fb-a934-81ee679b25a7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="205649" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460419750628" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rios, Pilar, Kelly, Michelle &amp; Vacelet, Jean" docDate="2011" docId="03A287EBFFE8FFE2FBDFF9E24BE3F530" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03131p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3131" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cercicladia australis Rios, Kelly &amp; Vacelet, 2011, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="FF9BFF93FFEAFFEBFB48FFAC4B0CF338" masterDocTitle="Cercicladia australis, a new carnivorous sponge with novel chelae from the Tasman Basin and the Argentine Patagonian Margin (Porifera, Cladorhizidae)" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="52" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1698329567191" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3FBDF547CDB1979188B5FC780407F61B">Cercicladia australis, a new carnivorous sponge with novel chelae from the Tasman Basin and the Argentine Patagonian Margin (Porifera, Cladorhizidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A9CA83E06C236D3DFFF6DF6DDD55B21A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F452CE3B91307315EE5FE4197305A4F0">Rios, Pilar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0CB02CE2DBBCC083AE01D40380EDD4E6">Kelly, Michelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BB5554F704AC8E92FF916B0BCEBE8F23">Vacelet, Jean</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B3E0207B29E2B60894293005B2AB878E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="522AB302AFE6B3D9B90696348856124C">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03A287EBFFE8FFE2FBDFF9E24BE3F530" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6189288" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119426541" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6189288" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A287EBFFE8FFE2FBDFF9E24BE3F530" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287EBFFE8FFE2FBDFF9E24BE3F530" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
<subSubSection id="C3116576FFE8FFE9FBDFF9E24A0BF5B2" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE8FFE9FBDFF9E2495AF55F" blockId="2.[151,598,1614,1674]" box="[151,598,1614,1639]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
<heading id="D0FC8191FFE8FFE9FBDFF9E2495AF55F" bold="true" box="[151,598,1614,1639]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9FBDFF9E2495AF55F" bold="true" box="[151,598,1614,1639]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE8FFE9FBDFF9E24A8AF55F" ID-CoL="SSJT" box="[151,390,1614,1639]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9FBDFF9E24A8AF55F" bold="true" box="[151,390,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Cercicladia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFE8FFE9FAC4F9E34AF9F55F" box="[396,501,1615,1639]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE8FFE9FBDFF9DE4A0BF5B2" blockId="2.[151,598,1614,1674]" box="[151,263,1650,1674]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
(
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE8FFE9FBD7F9DE4BF3F5B2" box="[159,255,1650,1674]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1762,1785]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1493,1516]" captionStartId-3="8.[151,250,1940,1963]" captionTargetBox-0="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetBox-1="[266,1322,193,1732]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,193,1471]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,285,1905]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[266,1323,193,1732]" captionTargetId-2="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1472]" captionTargetId-3="figure@8.[151,1436,253,1905]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Patagonia Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A – L ex situ images of paratypes and other specimens; A. paratype MNCN 1.01 / 640, pedicle base (left), remainder of pedicle and blade (right); B. paratype MNHN DCL 4096; C. MNCN 1.01 / 642; D. MNCN 1.01 / 648; E. MNCN 1.01 / 645; F. MNCN 1.01 / 649; G. MNCN 1.01 / 643; H. MNCN 1.01 / 646; I. MNCN 1.01 / 641; J. MNCN 1.01 / 651; K. MNCN 1.01 / 644; L. MNCN 1.01 / 647; M-Q SEM images of histological details of the blade and filaments; M. showing locations of magnified views in O, N, Q, upper box indicating position of magnified view in O, middle box indicating position of magnified view in N, and lower box indicating position of magnified view in Q; N. primary and filament axes composed of longitudinally arranged, tightly packed, mycalostyles; O. cercichelae and sigmancistras in mesohyl connecting primary and lateral filaments; P. sigmancistras resting on megascleres; Q. sigmancistras in mesohyl connecting tracts within the primary axis (M – Q from MNCN 1.01 / 641)." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Patagonia Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov., skeleton of paratype MNCN 1.01 / 640: A. plan of overall morphology; B. external surface showing felted acanthosubtylostyles; C. detailed view of felted acanthosubtylostyles; D. acanthosubtylostyles; E. sigmancistras resting on mycalostyles of primary axis." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Patagonia Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov., spicules from paratype MNCN 1.01 / 640: A. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; B. acanthosubtylostyle (left), proximal and distal ends (right); C. microxea; D. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused to separated teeth (lower right); E. toxa; F. sigmancistras." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/205652/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/205653/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/205654/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Fig. 2–5</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3116576FFE8FFE8FBDFF9164860F25C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE8FFE9FBDFF91649AEF4BE" blockId="2.[151,1436,1722,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9FBDFF9164903F5EB" bold="true" box="[151,527,1722,1747]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Material examined. Holotype—</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE8FFE9F947F9174954F5EB" box="[527,600,1723,1747]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">NIWA</collectionCode>
39599, 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE8FFE9F9FAF91749F7F5EB" box="[690,763,1723,1747]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0803/19, Seamount 1, 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE8FFE9FF17F9164FDBF5EA" box="[1119,1239,1722,1746]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge, 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE8FFE9FE65F9174BC6F5CE" name="New Zealand" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE8FFE9FB90F9724A4EF5CE" box="[216,322,1758,1782]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" precision="55" value="-48.532">48.532°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE8FFE9FA18F9724AC6F5CE" box="[336,458,1758,1782]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" precision="55" value="164.947">164.947°E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE8FFE9FA90F972497AF5CE" box="[472,630,1758,1782]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0859999999999999" metricValueMax="1.112" metricValueMin="1.06" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="1086.0" valueMax="1112.0" valueMin="1060.0">1060–1112 m</quantity>
, epibenthic sled, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE8FFE9F808F97248D6F5CE" box="[832,986,1758,1782]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" value="2008-03-30">30 Mar 2008</date>
. 
<typeStatus id="54B0885FFFE8FFE9F8AFF9734F53F5CF" box="[999,1119,1759,1783]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" type="paratype">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9F8AFF9734F53F5CF" bold="true" box="[999,1119,1759,1783]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Paratypes</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
― 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE8FFE9FF33F9734FC8F5CF" box="[1147,1220,1759,1783]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">NIWA</collectionCode>
39631, 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE8FFE9FE6CF9734E61F5CF" box="[1316,1389,1759,1783]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0803/21, Seamount 1, 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE8FFE9FA86F8AE494AF422" box="[462,582,1794,1818]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge, 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE8FFE9F9D7F8AF4835F422" box="[671,825,1794,1818]" name="New Zealand" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE8FFE9F80CF8AE48A3F422" box="[836,943,1794,1818]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" precision="55" value="-48.526">48.526°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE8FFE9F8F3F8AE4F38F422" box="[955,1076,1794,1818]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" precision="55" value="164.941">164.941°E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE8FFE9FF09F8AE4FD3F422" box="[1089,1247,1794,1818]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" metricValueMax="1.364" metricValueMin="1.0959999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="1230.0" valueMax="1364.0" valueMin="1096.0">1096–1364 m</quantity>
, epibenthic sled, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE8FFE9FBDFF88A4A27F406" box="[151,299,1830,1854]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" value="2008-03-30">30 Mar 2008</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE8FFE9FA7EF88A4A86F406" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" box="[310,394,1830,1854]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">MNCN</collectionCode>
1.01/640, RV 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9F966F88A49C7F406" box="[558,715,1830,1854]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Miguel Oliver</emphasis>
Stn BC5, off east coast of Patagonia, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE8FFE9FF3DF88A4FD1F406" box="[1141,1245,1830,1854]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" precision="55" value="-44.769">44.769ºS</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE8FFE9FFA0F88A4E55F406" box="[1256,1369,1830,1854]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" precision="55" value="-59.439">59.439ºW</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE8FFE9FE2CF88A4BA3F45A" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.728" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="1728.0">1728 m</quantity>
, box corer, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE8FFE9FA7CF8E64ABBF45A" box="[308,439,1866,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" value="2009-02-09">9 Feb 2009</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE8FFE9FA8BF8E74915F45A" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[451,537,1867,1890]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">MNHN</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE8FFE9F968F8E64954F45A" box="[544,600,1866,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">DCL</collectionCode>
4096, RV 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9F99BF8E7487DF45B" box="[723,881,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Miguel Oliver</emphasis>
Stn DR_4, off east coast of Patagonia, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE8FFE9FE78F8E64E9BF45A" box="[1328,1431,1866,1890]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" precision="55" value="-46.959">46.959ºS</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE8FFE9FBDFF8C24A04F4BE" box="[151,264,1902,1926]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" precision="55" value="-59.396">59.396ºW</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE8FFE9FA5AF8C24A65F4BE" box="[274,361,1902,1926]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="1225.0">1225 m</quantity>
, rock dredge, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE8FFE9F940F8C24992F4BE" box="[520,670,1902,1926]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" value="2008-11-13">13 Nov 2008</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE8FFE8FB8FF83E48FFF207" blockId="2.[151,1436,1722,2035]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9FB8FF83E4A84F493" bold="true" box="[199,392,1938,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Other material.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9FADEF838496CF493" box="[406,608,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE8FFE9FADEF838491DF493" box="[406,529,1940,1963]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge
</emphasis>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE8FFE9F93DF838481DF493" box="[629,785,1939,1963]" name="New Zealand" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9F93DF838481DF493" box="[629,785,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">New Zealand</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
, 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9F86EF83F48BCF493" box="[806,944,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Seamount 3</emphasis>
: 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE8FFE9F88EF83F4F03F493" box="[966,1039,1939,1963]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">NIWA</collectionCode>
39774, 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE8FFE9FF30F83F4FCDF493" box="[1144,1217,1939,1963]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0803/33, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE8FFE9FBDFF81A4A0DF4F6" box="[151,257,1974,1998]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" precision="55" value="-50.091">50.091°S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE8FFE9FA44F81A4A8AF4F6" box="[268,390,1974,1998]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" precision="55" value="163.482">163.482°E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE8FFE9FADAF81A4922F4F6" box="[402,558,1974,1998]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2425" metricValueMax="1.408" metricValueMin="1.077" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="1242.5" valueMax="1408.0" valueMin="1077.0">1077–1408 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE8FFE9F972F81A49B5F4F6" box="[570,697,1974,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" value="2008-04-01">1 Apr 2008</date>
(spicules of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE8FFE9F801F81B48C7F4F6" box="[841,971,1974,1998]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9F801F81B4850F4F6" box="[841,860,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9F821F81A48C7F4F6" box="[873,971,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9F89AF81B4F97F4F7" bold="true" box="[978,1179,1975,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFE8FFE9F89AF81B4F37F4F7" box="[978,1083,1975,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
contaminate this specimen of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE8FFE9FA4DF877484CF4CA" authority="Levi &amp; Levi, 1983" authorityName="Levi &amp; Levi" authorityYear="1983" box="[261,832,2010,2035]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phellodermidae" genus="Echinostylinos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="2" pageNumber="54" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stylophora">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE8FFE9FA4DF877493EF4CB" box="[261,562,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Echinostylinos stylophora</emphasis>
(Lévi &amp; Lévi, 1983)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE8FFE9F81DF8774892F4CB" box="[853,926,2011,2035]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0803/32 (
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE8FFE9FFC4F8764FC0F4CA" box="[1164,1228,2010,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">DTIS</collectionCode>
image 
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE8FFE9FE67F8764E76F4CA" box="[1327,1402,2010,2034]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="54">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
B), 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE9FFE8FA55FF3B4A9AF397" box="[285,406,151,175]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" precision="55" value="163.461">163.461°E</geoCoordinate>
, 1697– 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FAA3FF3B494FF397" box="[491,579,151,175]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.091" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="1091.0">1091 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8F919FF3B49DBF397" box="[593,727,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" value="2008-04-01">1 Apr 2008</date>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8F9ACFF344865F388" box="[740,873,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Seamount 1</emphasis>
: 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE9FFE8F832FF3448CFF388" box="[890,963,152,176]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">NIWA</collectionCode>
Stn TAN0803/20 (
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE9FFE8FFD6FF3B4FD2F397" box="[1182,1246,151,175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">DTIS</collectionCode>
image 
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8FE7CFF3B4E74F397" box="[1332,1400,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A), 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE9FFE8FA46FF104A85F3EC" box="[270,393,188,212]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" precision="55" value="164.939">164.939°E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FADDFF10493FF3EC" box="[405,563,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1575" metricValueMax="1.209" metricValueMin="1.1059999999999999" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="1157.5" valueMax="1209.0" valueMin="1106.0">1106–1209 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8F909FF1049D4F3EC" box="[577,728,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" value="2008-03-30">30 Mar 2008</date>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8F9ADFF1148FBF3EC" box="[741,1015,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">East coast of Patagonia</emphasis>
: 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE9FFE8FF40FF104F50F3EC" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" box="[1032,1116,188,212]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">MNCN</collectionCode>
1.01/641– 
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1.01/649, RV 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FB8AFF4C4A6CF3C0" box="[194,352,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Miguel Oliver</emphasis>
Stn DR15, 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE9FFE8F91DFF7349C9F3CF" box="[597,709,223,247]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" precision="55" value="-59.206">59.206ºW</geoCoordinate>
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8F984FF73482EF3CF" box="[716,802,223,247]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.577" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="1577.0">1577 m</quantity>
, rock dredge, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8F888FF734F46F3CF" box="[960,1098,223,247]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" value="2008-01-26">26 Jan 2008</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE9FFE8FF1EFF734FA6F3CF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" box="[1110,1194,223,247]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">MNCN</collectionCode>
1.01/650: RV 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FE04FF4C4BD3F224" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Miguel Oliver</emphasis>
Stn DR4, 
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, 
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, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8F90EFEA849D2F224" box="[582,734,260,284]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.276" metricValueMax="1.4069999999999998" metricValueMin="1.145" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="1276.0" valueMax="1407.0" valueMin="1145.0">1145-1407 m</quantity>
, rock dredge, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8F837FEA84F1DF224" box="[895,1041,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" value="2008-04-10">10 Apr 2008</date>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE38FFE9FFE8FF56FEA84F7EF224" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" box="[1054,1138,260,284]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">MNCN</collectionCode>
1.01/651: RV 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FE50FEA84BB7F278" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Miguel Oliver</emphasis>
Stn DR4, 
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F503AFFE9FFE8FAECFE8B4918F207" box="[420,532,295,319]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" precision="55" value="-59.377">59.377ºW</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8F957FE8B49B7F207" box="[543,699,295,319]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.276" metricValueMax="1.4069999999999998" metricValueMin="1.145" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="1276.0" valueMax="1407.0" valueMin="1145.0">1145–1407 m</quantity>
, rock dredge, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8F811FE8B48FCF207" box="[857,1008,295,319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" value="2008-11-13">13 Nov 2008</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE9FFE8FB8FFEE04860F25C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" box="[199,876,331,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FB8FFEE04A69F25C" bold="true" box="[199,357,331,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">
<typeStatus id="54B0885FFFE9FFE8FB8FFEE04A0EF25C" box="[199,258,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
Seamount 1, 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE9FFE8FAB7FEE0497BF25C" box="[511,631,332,356]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge, 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE9FFE8F986FEE14864F25C" box="[718,872,332,356]" name="New Zealand" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3116576FFE9FFE8FB8FFEC34E7EF2BF" box="[199,1394,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE9FFE8FB8FFEC34E7EF2BF" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" box="[199,1394,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FB8FFEC34A6CF2B0" bold="true" box="[199,352,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE9FFE8FA2FFEC34AD3F2BF" box="[359,479,367,391]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge, southern 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE9FFE8F9D6FEDC483BF2BF" box="[670,823,367,391]" name="New Zealand" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, and the southwest 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE9FFE8FF5AFEC34F8DF2BF" box="[1042,1153,367,391]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Argentine</collectingCountry>
margin of Patagonia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3116576FFE9FFEFFB8FFE3F49F0F58C" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE9FFE8FB8FFE3F4E80F1C8" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FB8FFE3F4A55F294" bold="true" box="[199,345,403,428]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Description.</emphasis>
Erect, feather-shaped sponge with a thick fleshy pedicle, inflated near the base, becoming progressively thinner above and ending in a flattened blade that bears biserially arranged lateral filaments of various lengths (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8FBB2FE704A33F2CC" box="[250,319,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A–C, 3A–L). 
<typeStatus id="54B0885FFFE9FFE8FAA9FE704945F2CC" box="[481,585,476,500]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(NIWA 39599) 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8F841FE714857F2CC" box="[777,859,477,500]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="77.0">77 mm</quantity>
total length (pedicle intact, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FFECFE704FFBF2CC" box="[1188,1271,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="62.0">62 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FE0BFE704E90F2CC" box="[1347,1436,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
diameter at base, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FA16FE534ABAF12F" box="[350,438,511,535]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
diameter at apex; blade damaged, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8F80AFE53489EF12F" box="[834,914,511,535]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
long; 
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8F894FE534F12F12F" box="[988,1054,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
C left). 
<typeStatus id="54B0885FFFE9FFE8FF3FFDAC4FD5F120" box="[1143,1241,512,536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
NIWA 39631 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FEC8FE534BCFF104" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="72.0">72 mm</quantity>
total length (pedicle absent, blade damaged, width about 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8F804FD884892F104" box="[844,926,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
, filaments broken, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FF3EFD884FB4F104" box="[1142,1208,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FFB7FD884E59F104" box="[1279,1365,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
thick; 
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8FBDFFDEB4BD7F167" box="[151,219,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
C right). Epibenthic sled images of the sponges in life (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8F828FDEB48A8F167" box="[864,932,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A, B) indicate that width of the undamaged blade may be at least 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FAC1FDC04AD7F1BC" box="[393,475,620,644]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
. Surface granular. Texture of pedicle is fleshy; texture of blade is tough, filaments are firm. In two of the Patagonian specimens, the pedicle is covered with a feltwork of acanthosubtylostyles, sediment and foreign spicules (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8FAC2FD184AC7F1F4" box="[394,459,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1762,1785]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[266,1323,193,1732]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Patagonia Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A – L ex situ images of paratypes and other specimens; A. paratype MNCN 1.01 / 640, pedicle base (left), remainder of pedicle and blade (right); B. paratype MNHN DCL 4096; C. MNCN 1.01 / 642; D. MNCN 1.01 / 648; E. MNCN 1.01 / 645; F. MNCN 1.01 / 649; G. MNCN 1.01 / 643; H. MNCN 1.01 / 646; I. MNCN 1.01 / 641; J. MNCN 1.01 / 651; K. MNCN 1.01 / 644; L. MNCN 1.01 / 647; M-Q SEM images of histological details of the blade and filaments; M. showing locations of magnified views in O, N, Q, upper box indicating position of magnified view in O, middle box indicating position of magnified view in N, and lower box indicating position of magnified view in Q; N. primary and filament axes composed of longitudinally arranged, tightly packed, mycalostyles; O. cercichelae and sigmancistras in mesohyl connecting primary and lateral filaments; P. sigmancistras resting on megascleres; Q. sigmancistras in mesohyl connecting tracts within the primary axis (M – Q from MNCN 1.01 / 641)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205652/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
M–Q, 4B–C). The color in life is translucent creamy white, translucent brown to whitish in alcohol. The sponge contains numerous shells of foraminifera. There is no visible aperture or canal system.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE9FFE8FB8FFD574E38F0FF" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FB8FFD574A39F02C" bold="true" box="[199,309,763,788]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Skeleton.</emphasis>
Pedicle and blade axes composed of long mycalostyles arranged longitudinally in the blade, twisted in the pedicle, and packed tightly overall. Styles in the center of the shaft and in the filaments are generally thinner (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8FBD7FCE84BEDF064" box="[159,225,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1762,1785]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[266,1323,193,1732]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Patagonia Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A – L ex situ images of paratypes and other specimens; A. paratype MNCN 1.01 / 640, pedicle base (left), remainder of pedicle and blade (right); B. paratype MNHN DCL 4096; C. MNCN 1.01 / 642; D. MNCN 1.01 / 648; E. MNCN 1.01 / 645; F. MNCN 1.01 / 649; G. MNCN 1.01 / 643; H. MNCN 1.01 / 646; I. MNCN 1.01 / 641; J. MNCN 1.01 / 651; K. MNCN 1.01 / 644; L. MNCN 1.01 / 647; M-Q SEM images of histological details of the blade and filaments; M. showing locations of magnified views in O, N, Q, upper box indicating position of magnified view in O, middle box indicating position of magnified view in N, and lower box indicating position of magnified view in Q; N. primary and filament axes composed of longitudinally arranged, tightly packed, mycalostyles; O. cercichelae and sigmancistras in mesohyl connecting primary and lateral filaments; P. sigmancistras resting on megascleres; Q. sigmancistras in mesohyl connecting tracts within the primary axis (M – Q from MNCN 1.01 / 641)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205652/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
M, N) and anchored by their proximal end in the centre of the shaft, projecting outwards (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8FF95FCE84E13F064" box="[1245,1311,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1762,1785]" captionTargetBox="[266,1322,193,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[266,1323,193,1732]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Patagonia Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A – L ex situ images of paratypes and other specimens; A. paratype MNCN 1.01 / 640, pedicle base (left), remainder of pedicle and blade (right); B. paratype MNHN DCL 4096; C. MNCN 1.01 / 642; D. MNCN 1.01 / 648; E. MNCN 1.01 / 645; F. MNCN 1.01 / 649; G. MNCN 1.01 / 643; H. MNCN 1.01 / 646; I. MNCN 1.01 / 641; J. MNCN 1.01 / 651; K. MNCN 1.01 / 644; L. MNCN 1.01 / 647; M-Q SEM images of histological details of the blade and filaments; M. showing locations of magnified views in O, N, Q, upper box indicating position of magnified view in O, middle box indicating position of magnified view in N, and lower box indicating position of magnified view in Q; N. primary and filament axes composed of longitudinally arranged, tightly packed, mycalostyles; O. cercichelae and sigmancistras in mesohyl connecting primary and lateral filaments; P. sigmancistras resting on megascleres; Q. sigmancistras in mesohyl connecting tracts within the primary axis (M – Q from MNCN 1.01 / 641)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205652/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
M). Living tissue poorly preserved, forming a thin layer around the axes and bases of the filaments, containing a huge number of randomly dispersed cercichelae. The microscleres are scattered throughout the sponge, although they are more abundant near the apex. Acanthosubtylostyles, when present, form a feltwork on the pedicle (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8FFE4FC034FE3F0FF" box="[1196,1263,943,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1493,1516]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1471]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1472]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Patagonia Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov., skeleton of paratype MNCN 1.01 / 640: A. plan of overall morphology; B. external surface showing felted acanthosubtylostyles; C. detailed view of felted acanthosubtylostyles; D. acanthosubtylostyles; E. sigmancistras resting on mycalostyles of primary axis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205653/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
B–D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE9FFE8FB8FFC7849E3F7A7" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FB8FFC784A58F0D4" box="[199,340,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Megascleres</emphasis>
(
<tableCitation id="C6890346FFE9FFE8FA2AFC784AB9F0D4" box="[354,437,980,1004]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[125,202,500,520]" captionText="TABLE 1. Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov., megasclere and microsclere dimensions (Μm). The number of measurements, if stated, is given as n = x. The term ‘ rare’ refers to data that is based on less than 10 measurements." pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Table 1</tableCitation>
)― 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FA94FC78497AF0D4" bold="true" box="[476,630,980,1004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Mycalostyles</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8F9CEFC7849C6F0D4" box="[646,714,980,1004]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
D, 5A), straight, fusiform, with a short, acerate point and a short subtylostylote restriction near the proximal end; 775–2504 Μm long 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8F8C7FC5448E6F737" box="[911,1002,1015,1039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" value="1984-10-18">x 18–84</date>
Μm thick. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FF2AFC5B4E53F728" bold="true" box="[1122,1375,1015,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Acanthosubtylostyles</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8FE26FC5B4BA9F70C" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1940,1963]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,285,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,253,1905]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Patagonia Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov., spicules from paratype MNCN 1.01 / 640: A. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; B. acanthosubtylostyle (left), proximal and distal ends (right); C. microxea; D. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused to separated teeth (lower right); E. toxa; F. sigmancistras." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205654/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
B) in a broad size range were found in three specimens from Patagonia. These spicules were thin, microspined, the proximal end being subtylote to occasionally tylote, the distal end having a blunt point; 84 (50–125) m long, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8FEC6FBED4BA9F744" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">x 2</date>
(1–4) Μm thick (MNCN 1.01/643), 93 (52–130) Μm long, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8F80CFBC94865F744" box="[836,873,1124,1148]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">x 2</date>
(1–4) Μm thick (MNCN 1.01/651), and 285 (65– 482) Μm long, 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8FA76FB254A6DF7A7" box="[318,353,1159,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">x 2</date>
(1–4) Μm thick (MNCN 1.01/640).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE9FFE8FB8FFB004992F585" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FB8FFB004A5BF7FC" box="[199,343,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Microscleres</emphasis>
(
<tableCitation id="C6890346FFE9FFE8FA2DFB004AB4F7FC" box="[357,440,1196,1220]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[125,202,500,520]" captionText="TABLE 1. Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov., megasclere and microsclere dimensions (Μm). The number of measurements, if stated, is given as n = x. The term ‘ rare’ refers to data that is based on less than 10 measurements." pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Table 1</tableCitation>
)― 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FAA8FB07495DF7FC" bold="true" box="[480,593,1195,1220]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Microxea</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8F929FB0049A8F7FC" box="[609,676,1196,1220]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
E, 5C), thickened centrally with attenuated and faintly curved ends, slightly roughened, very numerous in 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE9FFE8F909FB6349B5F7DF" box="[577,697,1231,1255]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge specimens, but uncommon in some Patagonian specimens, 97–223 Μm long 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8FA15FB594A92F634" box="[349,414,1268,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">x 1–7</date>
Μm thick. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8F955FB584953F634" bold="true" box="[541,607,1268,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Toxas</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8F93CFB5849B4F634" box="[628,696,1268,1292]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
F, 5E), faintly roughened, slightly or deeply curved, often with a slight swelling in the middle, uncommon, possibly absent in some specimens, but very likely not foreign, 15–92 Μm long x 0.5 Μm thick. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FAF0FA97496CF66C" bold="true" box="[440,608,1339,1364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Sigmancistras</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8F939FA9049B8F66C" box="[625,692,1340,1364]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
G, 5F), symmetrical, with a broadened shaft and thin, curved tips aligned in the same plane, with very faint notches within the curved tip, and occasionally with a marked central notch, C- or S-shaped, extremely common, 28–54 Μm long 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8F807FA29489DF6A4" box="[847,913,1412,1436]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">x 2–6</date>
Μm thick. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FF5CFA2F4F93F6A4" bold="true" box="[1044,1183,1411,1436]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Cercichelae</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8FFFAFA284FF4F6A4" box="[1202,1272,1412,1436]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
H, 5D), in the shape of a narrow, elongate, oval ring, with the two sides slightly unequal in thickness, the cavity displays a central inflexion, and is often in the shape of a laterally flattened rhombus or oval. Short, conical spines are present on the external side of the ring. These spines are irregularly dispersed, although generally more numerous near the two ends of the spicules, and absent in the middle. In face view (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8F804F9B84883F514" box="[844,911,1556,1580]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1940,1963]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,285,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,253,1905]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Patagonia Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov., spicules from paratype MNCN 1.01 / 640: A. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; B. acanthosubtylostyle (left), proximal and distal ends (right); C. microxea; D. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused to separated teeth (lower right); E. toxa; F. sigmancistras." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205654/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
D lower left) upper and lower teeth align centrally, eventually fusing; spines are concentrated centrally on opposite ends. In a few cases, most probably in immature spicules, one side is incompletely closed, displaying a suture line (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8F8F1F9F048F0F54C" box="[953,1020,1628,1652]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
H lower middle and 5D upper right), or unfused teeth (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE9FFE8FA13F92C4A92F5A0" box="[347,414,1664,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
H lower right and 5D lower), suggesting that the microsclere originates from a chela; 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE9FFE8FE29F92D4BD1F584" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge 82–92 µm, Patagonia 52–78 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE9FFE8FB8FF96B4973F480" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8FB8FF96B4985F5D8" bold="true" box="[199,649,1735,1760]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Substrate, depth range, and ecology.</emphasis>
Seamounts 1 and 3 are elevated features on the 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE9FFE8FF87F9644E4BF5D8" box="[1231,1351,1736,1760]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge, reaching 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FA4BF9404A42F43C" box="[259,334,1772,1796]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
and 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FAC4F9404ADBF43C" box="[396,471,1772,1796]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</quantity>
below sea-level, respectively (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B0CFFE9FFE8F80AF9404F3DF43C" author="Rowden" box="[834,1073,1772,1796]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" refString="Rowden, A. A., Williams, P., Rosenberg, M. &amp; Bostock, H. (2008) MacRidge 2 - TAN 0803 Voyage Report, NIWA unpublished report, 22 pp." type="book" year="2008">
Rowden 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE9FFE8F8E4F94148EEF43C" box="[940,994,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
). The bottom substrate of both seamounts is dominated by disarticulated barnacle plates, bedrock, gravel, and sand. The faunal groups most commonly observed on the seabed DTIS images were sponges and sea pens, but asteroids, hydrocorals, gorgonian corals and echinoids were also present. Specimens were collected on the 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE9FFE8F8FCF8F44F20F448" box="[948,1068,1880,1904]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="55">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge seamounts between 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8FE2CF8F44A0FF4AC" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" value="1060" valueMax="1408">
1060 and 
<quantity id="4CF39B18FFE9FFE8FB83F8D04A0FF4AC" box="[203,259,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.408" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="1408.0">1408</quantity>
</date>
m. Patagonian specimens were collected from sandy substrate, mostly fine medium sand with low organic content, between 
<date id="FFB5103DFFE9FFE8FAFEF80C4957F480" box="[438,603,1952,1976]" pageId="3" pageNumber="55" value="1145" valueMax="1728">
1145 and 
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</date>
m.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF746675FFEEFFEFFB35FE584AD5F114" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFB35FE584AD5F114" blockId="4.[125,1922,499,556]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB35FE584BECF130" bold="true" box="[125,224,500,520]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFEEFFEFFBAFFE5F4AA2F130" box="[231,430,499,520]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBAFFE5F4AA2F130" box="[231,430,499,520]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">Cercicladia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFAFCFE584951F130" bold="true" box="[436,605,500,520]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFEEFFEFFAFCFE584900F130" box="[436,524,500,520]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
, megasclere and microsclere dimensions (Μm). The number of measurements, if stated, is given as n=x. The term ‘rare’ refers to data that is based on less than 10 measurements.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EFDE14DF6F158" blockId="4.[326,1786,589,608]" box="[326,1786,589,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFA0EFDE14DF6F158" bold="true" box="[326,1786,589,608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">Mycalostyles Acanthosubtylostyles Microxeas Toxas Cercichelae Sigmancistras</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FD2C4C67F1AB" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,640,659]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FD2C4BF7F1AB" bold="true" box="[137,251,640,659]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">NIWA 39599</emphasis>
900–1700 (1305 ± 325) absent 110–200 (162 ± 30) 40– 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFFCEFD2C4F97F1AB" box="[1158,1179,640,659]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1948-10-01">48</date>
x 1, rare 85–91 (88 ± 2) 28–46 (37 ± 6) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FD2C4C22F1AB" box="[1790,1838,640,659]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 4–5</date>
(4 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FD0848DAF18F" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,982,676,695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<typeStatus id="54B0885FFFEEFFEFFBC1FD084BDBF18F" box="[137,215,676,695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFD084A87F18F" box="[326,395,676,695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1948-10-28">x 28–48</date>
(37 ± 6) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821FD084895F18F" box="[873,921,676,695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 2–5</date>
(3 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FD654C67F1E3" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,712,732]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FD654BF7F1E4" bold="true" box="[137,251,713,732]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">NIWA 39631</emphasis>
1250–2500 (1890 ± 441) absent 150–200 (166 ± 21) absent 82–92 (88 ± 4) 35–54 (45 ± 6) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FD644C22F1E3" box="[1790,1838,712,731]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 4–5</date>
(5 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FD4148DAF038" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,982,749,768]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<typeStatus id="54B0885FFFEEFFEFFBC1FD414BDEF038" box="[137,210,749,768]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFD414A87F038" box="[326,395,749,768]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1951-10-30">x 30–51</date>
(43 ± 7) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821FD414895F038" box="[873,921,749,768]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 2–5</date>
(4 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FCBE4C67F01C" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,785,805]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FCBE4A17F01D" bold="true" box="[137,283,786,805]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1.01/640</emphasis>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFCBD4AABF01C" box="[326,423,785,804]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1225" valueMax="2100">1225–2100</date>
(1653 ± 229) 62–482 (285±76) 120–188 (158 ± 16) 25–58 (42 ± 6) 58–68 (62 ± 3) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87FCBD4D19F01C" box="[1487,1557,785,804]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="2010-10-15">x 10–15</date>
(14 ± 2) 28–40 (34 ± 3) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FCBD4C21F01C" box="[1790,1837,785,804]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3–5</date>
(3 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FC9A48DAF071" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,982,822,841]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<typeStatus id="54B0885FFFEEFFEFFBC1FC9A4BDEF071" box="[137,210,822,841]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFC9A4A87F071" box="[326,395,822,841]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1943-10-25">x 25–43</date>
(34 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF910FC9A4984F071" box="[600,648,822,841]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 1–4</date>
, n=150 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821FC9A4895F071" box="[873,921,822,841]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3–5</date>
(5 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FCF74C47F055" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1867,858,878]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FCF74A24F056" bold="true" box="[137,296,859,878]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNHN DCL4096</emphasis>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFCF64AAAF055" box="[326,422,858,877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1299" valueMax="2264">1299–2264</date>
(1836 ± 250) absent 118–213 (194± 19) absent 52–77 (64 ± 6) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87FCF64D19F055" box="[1487,1557,858,877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="2010-10-15">x 10–15</date>
(13 ± 1) 29–40 (33 ± 3) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FCF64C21F055" box="[1790,1837,858,877]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3–5</date>
(4)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FCD348DAF0AA" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,982,895,914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<typeStatus id="54B0885FFFEEFFEFFBC1FCD34BDEF0AA" box="[137,210,895,914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFCD34A80F0AA" box="[326,396,895,914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1984-10-18">x 18–84</date>
(39 ± 11) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821FCD34895F0AA" box="[873,921,895,914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 2–7</date>
(5 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FC0F4C6AF08E" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1894,931,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FC0F4BD7F08E" bold="true" box="[137,219,931,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB97FC0F4A16F08E" bold="true" box="[223,282,931,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">01/641</emphasis>
775–2287 (1549 ± 452) absent 110–210 (167 ± 29) 18–63 (34 ± 13) 58–70 (63 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87FC0F4D18F08E" box="[1487,1556,931,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1913-10-20">x 13–20</date>
(15 ± 2) 28–45 (35 ± 5) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FC0F4C22F08E" box="[1790,1838,931,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3–5</date>
(3 ± 3)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EFC6448DAF0E3" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[326,982,968,987]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFC644A87F0E3" box="[326,395,968,987]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1945-10-30">x 30–45</date>
(37± 5) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821FC644894F0E3" box="[873,920,968,987]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 1–6</date>
(4 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FC404C6AF0C7" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1894,1004,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FC404BD7F0C7" bold="true" box="[137,219,1004,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB97FC404A17F0C7" bold="true" box="[223,283,1004,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">01/642</emphasis>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFC404AAAF0C7" box="[326,422,1004,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1046" valueMax="2351">1046–2351</date>
(1046 ± 340) absent 114–222 (169 ± 33) 26–63 (34 ± 11) 57–73 (64 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87FC404D19F0C7" box="[1487,1557,1004,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1912-10-16">x 12–16</date>
(15 ±1) 29–48 (37 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FC404C22F0C7" box="[1790,1838,1004,1023]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 2–5</date>
(4 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EFBBC48DAF71B" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[326,982,1040,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFBBC4A80F71B" box="[326,396,1040,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1954-10-21">x 21–54</date>
(33 ± 7) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821FBBC4895F71B" box="[873,921,1040,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 2–7</date>
(4 ± 2)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FB994C67F770" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,1077,1096]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FB994BD7F770" bold="true" box="[137,219,1077,1096]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB97FB994A17F770" bold="true" box="[223,283,1077,1096]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">01/643</emphasis>
1000–2100 (1738 ± 320) 50–125 (84 ± 20) 130–210 (148 ± 26) 23–93 (44 ± 23), rare 55–73 (65 ± 7) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87FB994D18F770" box="[1487,1556,1077,1096]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="2010-10-18">x 10–18</date>
(15 ± 1) 28–43 (34 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FB994C21F770" box="[1790,1837,1077,1096]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3–4</date>
(3 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EFBF548DAF754" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[326,982,1113,1132]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFBF54A80F754" box="[326,396,1113,1132]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1940-10-28">x 28–40</date>
(36 ± 5) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF910FBF5498BF754" box="[600,647,1113,1132]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 1–4</date>
(2 ± 4), n= 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF9AFFBF54895F754" box="[743,921,1113,1132]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1914-10-03" valueMax="1914-10-06" valueMin="1914-10-03">14 x 3–6</date>
(4 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FBD24C67F7A9" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,1150,1169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FBD24BD7F7A9" bold="true" box="[137,219,1150,1169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB97FBD24A17F7A9" bold="true" box="[223,283,1150,1169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">01/644</emphasis>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFBD24AABF7A9" box="[326,423,1150,1169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1200" valueMax="2325">1200–2325</date>
(1670 ± 278) absent 108–190 (138 ± 22) 25–53 (41 ± 8) 55–70 (64 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87FBD24D19F7A9" box="[1487,1557,1150,1169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1913-10-15">x 13–15</date>
(14 ± 1) 30–43 (34 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FBD24C21F7A9" box="[1790,1837,1150,1169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3–5</date>
(3 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EFB0E48DAF78D" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[326,982,1186,1205]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFB0E4A87F78D" box="[326,395,1186,1205]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1948-10-25">x 25–48</date>
(34 ±6) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821FB0E4895F78D" box="[873,921,1186,1205]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 1–5</date>
(2 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FB6B4C67F7E2" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,1223,1242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FB6B4BD7F7E2" bold="true" box="[137,219,1223,1242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB97FB6B4A17F7E2" bold="true" box="[223,283,1223,1242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">01/645</emphasis>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFB6B4AAAF7E2" box="[326,422,1223,1242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1146" valueMax="2414">1146–2414</date>
(1882 ± 288) absent 115–223 (165 ± 35) 19–53 (36 ± 10) 57–71 (63 ± 3) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87FB6B4D18F7E2" box="[1487,1556,1223,1242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1912-10-17">x 12–17</date>
(14 ± 1) 27–44 (35 ± 5) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FB6B4C21F7E2" box="[1790,1837,1223,1242]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 2–6</date>
(4 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EFB4748DAF7C6" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[326,982,1259,1278]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFB474A87F7C6" box="[326,395,1259,1278]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1941-10-24">x 24–41</date>
(32 ± 5) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821FB474894F7C6" box="[873,920,1259,1278]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 1–7</date>
(4 ± 2)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FABC4C67F61B" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,1296,1315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FABC4BD7F61B" bold="true" box="[137,219,1296,1315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB97FABC4A17F61B" bold="true" box="[223,283,1296,1315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">01/646</emphasis>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFABC4AABF61B" box="[326,423,1296,1315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1225" valueMax="2250">1225–2250</date>
(1795 ± 283) absent 98–209 (153 ± 38) absent 58–75 (66 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87FABC4D18F61B" box="[1487,1556,1296,1315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="2010-10-18">x 10–18</date>
(14 ± 2) 29–43 (35 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FABC4C21F61B" box="[1790,1837,1296,1315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3–5</date>
(3 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EFA9848DAF67F" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[326,982,1332,1351]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFA984A87F67F" box="[326,395,1332,1351]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1948-10-23">x 23–48</date>
(38 ± 6) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821FA984894F67F" box="[873,920,1332,1351]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 1–6</date>
(3 ± 2)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FAF54C67F653" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,1368,1388]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FAF54BD7F654" bold="true" box="[137,219,1369,1388]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB97FAF54A17F654" bold="true" box="[223,283,1369,1388]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">01/647</emphasis>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFAF44AABF653" box="[326,423,1368,1387]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1092" valueMax="2433">1092–2433</date>
(1878 ± 357) absent 115–212 (179 ± 25) absent 58–74 (66 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87FAF44D19F653" box="[1487,1557,1368,1387]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1913-10-17">x 13–17</date>
(15 ± 1) 28–47 (36 ± 5) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FAF44C21F653" box="[1790,1837,1368,1387]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3–5</date>
(4 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EFAD148DAF6A8" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[326,982,1405,1424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFAD14A80F6A8" box="[326,396,1405,1424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1945-10-19">x 19–45</date>
(32 ± 7) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821FAD14894F6A8" box="[873,920,1405,1424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3–7</date>
(5 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FA0E4C67F68C" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,1441,1461]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FA0E4BD7F68D" bold="true" box="[137,219,1442,1461]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB97FA0E4A17F68D" bold="true" box="[223,283,1442,1461]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">01/648</emphasis>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFA0D4AAAF68C" box="[326,422,1441,1460]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1354" valueMax="2232">1354–2232</date>
(1872 ± 250) absent 97–217 (168 ± 30) 21–49 (37 ± 9) 55–77 (64 ± 5) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87FA0D4D18F68C" box="[1487,1556,1441,1460]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1911-10-21">x 11–21</date>
(15 ± 2) 30–43 (35 ± 3) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FA0D4C22F68C" box="[1790,1838,1441,1460]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3–6</date>
(4 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EFA6A48DAF6E1" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[326,982,1478,1497]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EFA6A4A87F6E1" box="[326,395,1478,1497]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1946-10-24">x 24–46</date>
(37 ± 6) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821FA6A4894F6E1" box="[873,920,1478,1497]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 1–7</date>
(4 ± 2)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1FA474C67F6C5" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,1514,1534]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1FA474BD7F6C6" bold="true" box="[137,219,1515,1534]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB97FA474A17F6C6" bold="true" box="[223,283,1515,1534]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">01/649</emphasis>
933–1504 (1323 ± 146) absent 115 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF8C5FA4648A4F6C5" box="[909,936,1514,1533]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3</date>
, n= 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF883FA464F97F6C5" box="[971,1179,1514,1533]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1952-01-18">1 18–52</date>
(30 ± 19), rare 54–78 (66 ± 6) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87FA464D18F6C5" box="[1487,1556,1514,1533]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1912-10-17">x 12–17</date>
(14 ± 1) 28–42 (34 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6FA464C22F6C5" box="[1790,1838,1514,1533]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 2–5</date>
(4 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EF9A34AD8F51A" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[326,468,1551,1570]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EF9A34A80F51A" box="[326,396,1551,1570]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1952-10-21">x 21–52</date>
(33 ± 7)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1F99F4C67F57E" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,1587,1606]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1F99F4BD7F57E" bold="true" box="[137,219,1587,1606]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB97F99F4A17F57E" bold="true" box="[223,283,1587,1606]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">01/650</emphasis>
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EF99F4AA9F57E" box="[326,421,1587,1606]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1100" valueMax="2275">1100–2275</date>
(1738 ± 272) absent 98–200 (157 ± 31) 15–45 (35 ± 9) 58–75 (64 ± 5) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87F99F4D18F57E" box="[1487,1556,1587,1606]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="2010-10-18">x 10–18</date>
(14 ± 2) 28–43 (35 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6F99F4C21F57E" box="[1790,1837,1587,1606]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 3–5</date>
(4 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EF9F448EDF553" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[326,993,1624,1643]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EF9F44A87F553" box="[326,395,1624,1643]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1938-10-23">x 23–38</date>
(30 ± 4) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF821F9F44895F553" box="[873,921,1624,1643]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 1–5</date>
(31 ± 2)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFBC1F9D04C67F5B7" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[137,1899,1660,1679]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFBC1F9D04BD7F5B7" bold="true" box="[137,219,1660,1679]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">MNCN 1</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEEFFEFFB97F9D04A16F5B7" bold="true" box="[223,282,1660,1679]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">01/651</emphasis>
913–2504 (1649 ± 381) 52–130 (93 ± 23) 102–186 (143 ± 29), n=6 37–49 (41 ± 5), rare 52–75 (62 ± 5) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFE87F9D04D19F5B7" box="[1487,1557,1660,1679]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1912-10-16">x 12–16</date>
(14 ± 1) 29–40 (34 ± 3) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFDB6F9D04C22F5B7" box="[1790,1838,1660,1679]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 2–5</date>
(3 ± 1)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEEFFEFFA0EF90D49F0F58C" blockId="4.[137,1899,640,1716]" box="[326,764,1697,1716]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFFA0EF90D4A87F58C" box="[326,395,1697,1716]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56" value="1944-10-20">x 20–44</date>
(32 ± 7) 
<date id="FFB5103DFFEEFFEFF910F90D498BF58C" box="[600,647,1697,1716]" pageId="4" pageNumber="56">x 1–4</date>
(2 ± 1), n=12
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF746675FFEFFFEEFBDFF8ED4A81F4C8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" targetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEFFFEEFBDFF8ED4A81F4C8" blockId="5.[151,1436,1857,2032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEFBDFF8ED4A1EF46E" bold="true" box="[151,274,1857,1880]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
. Macquarie Ridge 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFEFFFEEFAACF8ED49B3F46F" box="[484,703,1857,1879]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEFAACF8ED49B3F46F" box="[484,703,1857,1879]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Cercicladia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEF982F8EE489CF46F" bold="true" box="[714,912,1858,1879]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFEFFFEEF982F8EE4822F46F" box="[714,814,1858,1879]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
: 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEF8EBF8ED48B9F46E" bold="true" box="[931,949,1857,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEF88FF8EE4F00F46F" box="[967,1036,1858,1879]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">in situ</emphasis>
DTIS image from RV 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFEFFFEEFE46F8EE4E97F46F" authority="Stn" authorityName="Stn" box="[1294,1435,1858,1879]" class="Arachnida" family="Uloboridae" genus="Tangaroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEFE46F8EE4E63F46F" box="[1294,1391,1858,1879]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Tangaroa</emphasis>
Stn
</taxonomicName>
TAN0803/020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106–1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEF8B3F8CC4F00F44D" bold="true" box="[1019,1036,1888,1909]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEFF50F8CD4F5AF44E" box="[1048,1110,1889,1910]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">in situ</emphasis>
DTIS image from RV 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFEFFFEEFE73F8CD4BB4F4AC" authority="Stn" authorityName="Stn" class="Arachnida" family="Uloboridae" genus="Tangaroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEFE73F8CD4E90F44E" box="[1339,1436,1889,1910]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">Tangaroa</emphasis>
Stn
</taxonomicName>
TAN0803/032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091–1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEFF04F8D24F52F4AD" bold="true" box="[1100,1118,1918,1941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEFA9DF8324AEBF48B" bold="true" box="[469,487,1950,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">D</emphasis>
. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEF8F9F83248CEF48B" bold="true" box="[945,962,1950,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">E</emphasis>
. microxeas; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEFF0FF8324F58F48B" bold="true" box="[1095,1108,1950,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">F</emphasis>
. toxa; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEFFD4F8314FA1F48C" bold="true" box="[1180,1197,1949,1972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">G</emphasis>
. sigmancistras; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEFFFEEFE1CF8324E64F48B" bold="true" box="[1364,1384,1950,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57">H</emphasis>
. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D–H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF746675FFECFFEDFBDFF94E49F0F4D6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205652/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" targetBox="[266,1322,193,1732]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFECFFEDFBDFF94E49F0F4D6" blockId="6.[151,1436,1762,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFBDFF94E4A00F5C0" bold="true" box="[151,268,1762,1785]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. Patagonia 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFECFFEDFACBF94E4954F5C0" box="[387,600,1762,1784]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFACBF94E4954F5C0" box="[387,600,1762,1784]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Cercicladia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDF916F94F481FF5C0" bold="true" box="[606,787,1763,1784]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFECFFEDF916F94F49B1F5C0" box="[606,701,1763,1784]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
: A–L 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDF81DF94F489BF5C0" box="[853,919,1763,1784]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">ex situ</emphasis>
images of paratypes and other specimens; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFE01F94E4E57F5CF" bold="true" box="[1353,1371,1762,1783]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">A</emphasis>
. paratype MNCN1.01/640, pedicle base (left), remainder of pedicle and blade (right); 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDF896F8AE48E3F42F" bold="true" box="[990,1007,1794,1815]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">B</emphasis>
. paratype MNHN DCL 4096; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFE67F8AD4E4DF420" bold="true" box="[1327,1345,1793,1816]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">C</emphasis>
. MNCN 1.01/642; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFBB6F88C4A1CF40D" bold="true" box="[254,272,1824,1845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">D</emphasis>
. MNCN 1.01/648; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFA90F88C4AE5F40D" bold="true" box="[472,489,1824,1845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">E</emphasis>
. MNCN 1.01/645; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDF9F8F88C49B1F40D" bold="true" box="[688,701,1824,1845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">F</emphasis>
. MNCN 1.01/649; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDF8CDF8B3489AF40E" bold="true" box="[901,918,1823,1846]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">G</emphasis>
. MNCN 1.01/643; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFF15F88C4F7DF40D" bold="true" box="[1117,1137,1824,1845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">H</emphasis>
. MNCN 1.01/646; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFE70F88C4E4EF40D" bold="true" box="[1336,1346,1824,1845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">I</emphasis>
. MNCN 1.01/641; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFBB5F8934A06F46C" bold="true" box="[253,266,1855,1876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">J</emphasis>
. MNCN 1.01/651; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFA98F8934AE8F46C" bold="true" box="[464,484,1855,1876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">K</emphasis>
. MNCN 1.01/644; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDF9E2F89349B7F46C" bold="true" box="[682,699,1855,1876]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">L</emphasis>
. MNCN 1.01/647; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDF8C9F89248B9F46D" bold="true" box="[897,949,1854,1877]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">M-Q</emphasis>
SEM images of histological details of the blade and filaments; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFA64F8F24A48F44B" bold="true" box="[300,324,1886,1907]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">M</emphasis>
. showing locations of magnified views in O, N, Q, upper box indicating position of magnified view in O, middle box indicating position of magnified view in N, and lower box indicating position of magnified view in Q; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDFE49F8D04E1FF4A9" bold="true" box="[1281,1299,1916,1937]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">N</emphasis>
. primary and filament axes composed of longitudinally arranged, tightly packed, mycalostyles; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDF89FF83648E7F489" bold="true" box="[983,1003,1946,1969]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">O</emphasis>
. cercichelae and sigmancistras in mesohyl connecting primary and lateral filaments; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDF906F8164956F4F7" bold="true" box="[590,602,1978,1999]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">P</emphasis>
. sigmancistras resting on megascleres; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFECFFEDF8B2F8154F02F4E8" bold="true" box="[1018,1038,1977,2000]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58">Q</emphasis>
. sigmancistras in mesohyl connecting tracts within the primary axis (M–Q from MNCN 1.01/641).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF746675FFEDFFECFBDFFA794861F510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205653/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1471]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEDFFECFBDFFA794861F510" blockId="7.[151,1436,1493,1576]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECFBDFFA794A00F6D2" bold="true" box="[151,268,1493,1516]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
. Patagonia 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFEDFFECFACDFA794957F6D3" box="[389,603,1493,1515]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECFACDFA794957F6D3" box="[389,603,1493,1515]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">Cercicladia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECF92AFA7A4815F6D3" bold="true" box="[610,793,1494,1515]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFEDFFECF92AFA7A49CDF6D3" box="[610,705,1494,1515]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
, skeleton of paratype MNCN1.01/640: 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECFFF8FA794FCEF6D2" bold="true" box="[1200,1218,1493,1514]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">A</emphasis>
. plan of overall morphology; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECFBBFFA584A04F531" bold="true" box="[247,264,1524,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">B</emphasis>
. external surface showing felted acanthosubtylostyles; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECF873FA5F4841F532" bold="true" box="[827,845,1523,1546]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">C</emphasis>
. detailed view of felted acanthosubtylostyles; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECFE6DFA584E3BF531" bold="true" box="[1317,1335,1524,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">D</emphasis>
. acanthosubtylostyles; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECFA60F9BF4A35F510" bold="true" box="[296,313,1555,1576]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">E</emphasis>
. sigmancistras resting on mycalostyles of primary axis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3116576FFEDFFECFB8FF9FC4971F5B4" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEDFFECFB8FF9FC4971F5B4" blockId="7.[151,1436,1616,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECFB8FF9FC4A42F550" bold="true" box="[199,334,1616,1640]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named for the southern 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFEDFFECF92DF9FD49F7F550" box="[613,763,1616,1640]" name="New Zealand" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
and Atlantic Ocean locations from whence this species was discovered (
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFEDFFECFA68F9D84AC7F5B4" authority="Latin" authorityName="Latin" box="[288,459,1652,1676]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECFA68F9D84A8EF5B4" box="[288,386,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">australis</emphasis>
, Latin
</taxonomicName>
for ‘southern’).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3116576FFEDFFE2FB8FF9344BE3F530" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFEDFFE3FB8FF9344FD6F3CF" blockId="7.[151,1436,1616,2037]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECFB8FF9344A37F588" bold="true" box="[199,315,1688,1712]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFEDFFECFA0AF9344923F588" box="[322,559,1688,1712]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECFA0AF9344923F588" box="[322,559,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">Cercicladia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECF97FF934480EF588" bold="true" box="[567,770,1688,1712]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFEDFFECF97FF93449ADF588" box="[567,673,1688,1712]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
has the general morphology of many deep sea carnivorous sponges, being pinnate with a long stem. The pedicle is unusual in that it is fleshy, and increases in diameter towards the base. DTIS images of the species 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFEDFFECF9D5F94D49EEF5C0" box="[669,738,1761,1784]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">in situ</emphasis>
on the 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFEDFFECF87FF94C48A3F5C0" box="[823,943,1760,1784]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFEDFFECFF41F94C4F40F5C0" box="[1033,1100,1760,1784]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="59">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A, B) indicate that the sponge has long, thin filaments disposed in a regular series along two sides of a flattened blade with the overall blade and filament forming a feather–like structure that is curved in the broader plane. The filaments are easily broken upon collection. Although direct evidence of the presence of partly digested prey was not found in or on these specimens, their morphology strongly suggests a carnivorous feeding habit, and thus affinity with one of the families of carnivorous poecilosclerids, predominantly 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFEDFFECF9D1F8384835F494" box="[665,825,1940,1964]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Cladorhizidae</taxonomicName>
, but also including 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFEDFFECFF7AF8384FB8F494" box="[1074,1204,1940,1964]" class="Demospongiae" family="Guitarridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Guitarridae</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFEDFFECFFB7F8384AA7F4E8" authority="Hajdu &amp; Vacelet 2002" authorityName="Hajdu &amp; Vacelet" authorityYear="2002" class="Demospongiae" family="Esperiopsidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">
Esperiopsidae (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B0CFFEDFFECFBD6F8144AAFF4E8" author="Hajdu" box="[158,419,1976,2000]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" refString="Hajdu, E. &amp; Vacelet, J. (2002) Family Cladorhizidae Dendy, 1922. In: Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds) Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 636 - 641." type="book chapter" year="2002">Hajdu &amp; Vacelet 2002</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The species has the typical morphology and mycalostyles of all carnivorous sponges. It also has sigmancistras, known thus far only in carnivorous sponges, and present in at least some representatives of all genera of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE2FFE3FA7DFF3B4AD9F397" box="[309,469,151,175]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="60" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Cladorhizidae</taxonomicName>
, and in 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE2FFE3F97FFF344F2CF397" authority="Topsent, 1909" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1909" box="[567,1056,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Guitarridae" genus="Euchelipluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="60" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE2FFE3F97FFF3449DEF388" box="[567,722,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">Euchelipluma</emphasis>
Topsent, 1909 (Guitarridae)
</taxonomicName>
. The acanthosubtylostyles of the stalk seem to be similar to those found in some species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE2FFE3F86DFF104F66F3EC" authority="Topsent, 1901" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1901" box="[805,1130,188,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="60" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE2FFE3F86DFF1048CEF3EC" box="[805,962,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">Asbestopluma</emphasis>
Topsent, 1901
</taxonomicName>
, but it lacks the true chelae found in all other carnivorous sponges, having only a highly modified derivative, the cercichelae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF746675FFE2FFE3FBDFF8384F7BF4D0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205654/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="60" targetBox="[151,1436,285,1905]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE2FFE3FBDFF8384F7BF4D0" blockId="8.[151,1436,1940,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE2FFE3FBDFF8384A07F492" bold="true" box="[151,267,1940,1963]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
. Patagonia 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE2FFE3FACAF839495BF493" box="[386,599,1941,1963]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="60" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE2FFE3FACAF839495BF493" box="[386,599,1941,1963]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">Cercicladia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE2FFE3F914F839481DF492" bold="true" box="[604,785,1941,1962]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFE2FFE3F914F83949B6F492" box="[604,698,1941,1962]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
, spicules from paratype MNCN1.01/640: 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE2FFE3FFF3F8394FC1F492" bold="true" box="[1211,1229,1941,1962]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">A</emphasis>
. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE2FFE3FACFF8184A94F4F1" bold="true" box="[391,408,1972,1993]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">B</emphasis>
. acanthosubtylostyle (left), proximal and distal ends (right); 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE2FFE3FF46F81F4F2CF4F2" bold="true" box="[1038,1056,1971,1994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">C</emphasis>
. microxea; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE2FFE3FFD4F8184FA2F4F1" bold="true" box="[1180,1198,1972,1993]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">D</emphasis>
. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused to separated teeth (lower right); 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE2FFE3F83EF87F488BF4D0" bold="true" box="[886,903,2003,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">E</emphasis>
. toxa; 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE2FFE3F884F87F48D5F4D0" bold="true" box="[972,985,2003,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="60">F</emphasis>
. sigmancistras.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE3FFE2FB8DFF3B4912F2F7" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">
The cercichelae are somewhat puzzling as they are very similar in shape to the canonochelae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FFBDFF344BD9F3EC" class="Demospongiae" family="Isodictyidae" genus="Isodictya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lankesteri">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FFBDFF344BD9F3EC" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Isodictya lankesteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, first described as 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FAF0FF1049CBF3EC" box="[440,711,188,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Isodictyidae" genus="Cercidochela" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lankesteri">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FAF0FF1049CBF3EC" box="[440,711,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Cercidochela lankesteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE3FFE2F85CFF104880F3EC" box="[788,908,188,212]" name="Antarctica" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
, but the resemblance is only superficial. The canonochela appears to be derived from a chela with lateral alae or lamellae, as does the cercichelae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FE51FF4C4BF5F224" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FE51FF4C4BF5F224" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Cercicladia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FA48FEA84AC6F224" bold="true" box="[256,458,260,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFE3FFE2FA48FEA84A65F224" box="[256,361,260,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
, but the latter has no lateral alae, only the suggestion of a frontal tooth in the immature form. Many of the cercichelae are also asymmetrical longitudinally, with what appears to be a restriction on one side of the oval loop (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE3FFE2FAC4FEE04AC3F25C" box="[396,463,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
H upper right, lower middle, 5D upper right). A few spicules have been observed with incompletely fused ends on one side (
<figureCitation id="13302A78FFE3FFE2F908FEC3498FF2BF" box="[576,643,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1857,1880]" captionTargetBox="[234,1351,193,1821]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[234,1352,193,1821]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Macquarie Ridge Cercicladia australis gen. nov. sp. nov.: A. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 020, Macquarie Ridge, 1106 – 1209 m, blade width of sponge about 25 mm; B. in situ DTIS image from RV Tangaroa Stn TAN 0803 / 032, Macquarie Ridge, 1091 – 1697 m, blade width of sponge about 30 mm; C. holotype NIWA 39599 (left), paratype NIWA 39631 (right); D. proximal and distal ends of a mycalostyle; E. microxeas; F. toxa; G. sigmancistras; H. cercichelae at various stages of development, from fully fused (upper) to separated teeth (lower right) (D – H SEM images from the holotype NIWA 39599)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205651/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
H lower middle and right and 5D lower). This form may be somewhat similar to the clavidisc microsclere of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2F91EFE384F3AF294" authority="Kirkpatrick, 1908 (Hoshino 1990)" authorityName="Kirkpatrick, 1908 (Hoshino" authorityYear="1990" box="[598,1078,404,428]" class="Demospongiae" family="Merliidae" genus="Merlia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2F91EFE3849AEF294" box="[598,674,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Merlia</emphasis>
Kirkpatrick, 1908 (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B0CFFE3FFE2F8C0FE384F22F294" author="Hoshino" box="[904,1070,404,428]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" refString="Hoshino T. (1990), Merlia tenuis n. sp. encrusting shell surfaces of gastropods, Chicoreus, from Japan. In: Rutzler K. (Ed), New Perspectives in Sponge Biology. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 295 - 301." type="book chapter" year="1990">Hoshino 1990</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, which, however, derives from diancistra rather than from a chela.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE3FFE2FB8DFE704F7EF1BC" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">
The other microscleres of the sponge are also rather puzzling in the context of the family 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FF8CFE704E69F2CC" box="[1220,1381,476,500]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Cladorhizidae</taxonomicName>
. The sigmancistras are broad longitudinally with incurved tips, a feature characteristic of the sigmancistras of most cladorhizid sponges, but they also have the faint suggestion of a notch in the upper and lower curves, which indicates the nature of true sigmancistras. A more striking peculiarity is the presence of numerous highly attenuated microxeas, and of rare bow–shaped microxeas that we consider as toxas in other demosponges.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE3FFE2FB8DFD2348F1F0D5" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">
The new genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FA34FD3C4AF3F190" box="[380,511,656,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FA34FD3C4AF3F190" box="[380,511,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Cercicladia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFE3FFE2F940FD3C497FF190" box="[520,627,656,680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2F940FD3C497FF190" bold="true" box="[520,627,656,680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">gen. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is hereby designated as a member of the Family 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FFE6FD234E47F19F" box="[1198,1355,655,679]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Cladorhizidae</taxonomicName>
on the basis of the possession of the feather–like morphology, the lack of evidence of an aquiferous system, the possession of mycalostyles, acanthosubtylostyles (albeit, only in a few specimens) and sigmancistras, even though it lacks the (an)isochelae considered to be diagnostic of the Family 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2F865FD5048C2F02C" box="[813,974,764,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Cladorhizidae</taxonomicName>
. The microxea and toxa have not been reported in other carnivorous sponges thus far, although they frequently occur in the suborder 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FF80FCB34E3EF00F" box="[1224,1330,799,823]" class="Demospongiae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Mycalina">Mycalina</taxonomicName>
in which 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FBDFFCE84A38F064" box="[151,308,836,860]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Cladorhizidae</taxonomicName>
are classified (Hajdu, Van 
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B0CFFE3FFE2F92CFCE84850F064" author="Soest" box="[612,860,836,860]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" refString="Hajdu, E., van Soest, R. W. M. &amp; Hooper, J. N. H. (1994) Proposal for a phylogenetic subordinal classification of poecilosclerid sponges. In: van Soest, R. W. M., van Kempen, Th. M. G., &amp; Braekman, J. - C. (Eds), Sponges in time and space. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 123 - 139." type="book chapter" year="1994">Soest &amp; Hooper 1994</bibRefCitation>
). However, similar microxeas and toxa–like microscleres are known from another carnivorous sponge with chelae, presently being described from the same location in 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE3FFE2FBFFFC214A58F09C" box="[183,340,908,932]" name="New Zealand" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
. While the possession of toxa in 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2F992FC204852F09C" box="[730,862,908,932]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2F992FC204852F09C" box="[730,862,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Cercicladia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFE3FFE2F820FC2048D8F09C" box="[872,980,908,932]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2F820FC2048D8F09C" bold="true" box="[872,980,908,932]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">gen. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
strengthens the affinity of Family 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FE24FC204A01F0FF" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Cladorhizidae</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FA18FC034AC5F0FF" box="[336,457,943,967]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Mycalidae</taxonomicName>
, the discovery of cercichelae and microxea in this new genus does not, unfortunately, improve our understanding of the affinity of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2F9C3FC784824F0D4" box="[651,808,980,1004]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Cladorhizidae</taxonomicName>
with other groups.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB436FDFFE3FFE2FB8DFC5B4BE3F530" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">
The distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FAD7FC544980F728" box="[415,652,1016,1040]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FAD7FC544980F728" box="[415,652,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Cercicladia australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2F9DBFC544852F728" bold="true" box="[659,862,1016,1040]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFE3FFE2F9DBFC5449F0F728" box="[659,764,1016,1040]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
is remarkable in that it has been found in only two subpolar locations on either side of the globe, on the 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE3FFE2F9A9FBB04855F70C" box="[737,857,1052,1076]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge to the southwest of 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE3FFE2FFCAFBB14E16F70C" box="[1154,1306,1052,1076]" name="New Zealand" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, and off 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE3FFE2FE32FBB04A0AF760" name="Argentina" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">the Argentine</collectingCountry>
coast of Patagonia. We are confident about this disjunct distribution because the diagnostic spicules are unique and very easily recognizable, and considerable collection efforts in both locations have been made over many years (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B0CFFE3FFE2FA60FB24490AF798" author="Gordon" box="[296,518,1160,1184]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" refString="Gordon, D., Beaumont, J., MacDiarmid, A., Robertson, D. A. &amp; Ahyong, S. T. (2010) Marine Biodiversity of Aotearoa New Zealand. PLoS ONE, 5, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="2010">
Gordon 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FACFFB254AB6F798" box="[391,442,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
). Although several carnivorous sponges appear to have broad distributions in the deep sea, (for instance 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FAD0FB004818F7FC" authority="Sars, 1872" authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1872" box="[408,788,1196,1220]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cladorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FAD0FB00499EF7FC" box="[408,658,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Cladorhiza abyssicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B0CFFE3FFE2F9D2FB004818F7FC" author="Sars" box="[666,788,1196,1220]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" refString="Sars, G. O. (1872) Spongiae. In: Kongelige Norske Universitet (Ed.), On some remarkable forms of animal life from the great depths off the Norwegian coast. I. Partly from posthumous manuscripts of the late Professor Dr Michael Sars. Brogger &amp; Christie, Christiana, Norway, pp. 62 - 82." type="book chapter" year="1872">Sars, 1872</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), these may be artificial due to the difficulty of identification of species in which the various spicules are differentially distributed around the body of the sponge, and which do not have special diagnostic spicules. On the contrary, most highly recognisable species such as 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FFB7FB58481CF608" authority="Kelly &amp; Vacelet, 2011" authorityName="Kelly &amp; Vacelet" authorityYear="2011" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisoplacochela" subGenus="Asbestopluma">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FFB7FB584E90F634" box="[1279,1436,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Asbestopluma</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FBE8FAB44A31F608" box="[160,317,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Asbestopluma</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FA07FAB4490BF608" box="[335,519,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">anisoplacochela</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B0CFFE3FFE2F947FAB4481CF608" author="Kelly" box="[527,784,1304,1328]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" refString="Kelly, M. &amp; Vacelet, J. (2011) Three new remarkable carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Cladorhizidae) from deep New Zealand and Australian (Macquarie Island) waters. Zootaxa, 2976, 55 - 68." type="journal article" year="2011">Kelly &amp; Vacelet, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2F855FAB44E09F608" authority="Kelly &amp; Vacelet, 2011" authorityName="Kelly &amp; Vacelet" authorityYear="2011" box="[797,1285,1304,1328]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Asbestopluma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="desmophora" subGenus="Asbestopluma">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2F855FAB44822F608" box="[797,814,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">A</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2F80FFAB44854F608" box="[839,856,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">A</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2F839FAB448F0F608" box="[881,1020,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">desmophora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B0CFFE3FFE2FF4CFAB44E09F608" author="Kelly" box="[1028,1285,1304,1328]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" refString="Kelly, M. &amp; Vacelet, J. (2011) Three new remarkable carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Cladorhizidae) from deep New Zealand and Australian (Macquarie Island) waters. Zootaxa, 2976, 55 - 68." type="journal article" year="2011">Kelly &amp; Vacelet, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FE0BFAB44952F66C" authority="Kelly &amp; Vacelet, 2011" authorityName="Kelly &amp; Vacelet" authorityYear="2011" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Abyssocladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carcharias">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FE0BFAB44A50F66C" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Abyssocladia carcharias</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B0CFFE3FFE2FA2BFA904952F66C" author="Kelly" box="[355,606,1340,1364]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" refString="Kelly, M. &amp; Vacelet, J. (2011) Three new remarkable carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Cladorhizidae) from deep New Zealand and Australian (Macquarie Island) waters. Zootaxa, 2976, 55 - 68." type="journal article" year="2011">Kelly &amp; Vacelet, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, seem to have relatively restricted distributions. In the case of 
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D7EFFE3FFE2FE51FA914E90F66C" box="[1305,1436,1340,1364]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cercicladia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FE51FA914E20F66C" box="[1305,1324,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FE72FA904E90F66C" box="[1338,1436,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97FEAEFFFE3FFE2FBDFFACC4A6FF640" bold="true" box="[151,355,1376,1400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24C5794FFE3FFE2FBDFFACC4A0DF640" box="[151,257,1376,1400]" pageId="9" pageNumber="61" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
, the spicule complement is unique enough to rule out the hypothesis of approximate identification, but it may be hypothesized that we are dealing with two vicariant species. The specimens at hand from the 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE3FFE2FBDFFA044A03F6F8" box="[151,271,1448,1472]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
Ridge and 
<collectingCountry id="F31C766DFFE3FFE2FADCFA044923F6F8" box="[404,559,1448,1472]" name="Argentina" pageId="9" pageNumber="61">the Argentine</collectingCountry>
margin of Patagonia, however, are surprisingly similar, and the slight differences in spicule size and complement are not considered of great significance. Thus, we consider them as a single species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>