635 lines
87 KiB
XML
635 lines
87 KiB
XML
<document id="F5A8FB1C6CABC6ACC53FC8769CEBEBBF" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5386.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376586" ID-ZooBank="9A5C0CC4-3D86-45BD-97FC-694A4E31A8B5" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1702550060580" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moravec, Jiří & Dheurle, Charles" docDate="2023" docId="03A28794FFFDFFEBFF6E90533D379AFC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5386.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5386 (1)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5386.1.1/52481" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.16:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="16" docTitle="Phaeoxantha (Phaeoxantha) laminata" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="FF9BFFECFFE6FFCBFFF995683F629C56" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic and nomenclatorial revision of the Neotropical genus Phaeoxantha Chaudoir (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae)" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1702660509358" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="B8188254475FEF22605D4FB2BCD18298">Taxonomic and nomenclatorial revision of the Neotropical genus Phaeoxantha Chaudoir (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2CC2F7D99AD0469D1A2A4CEC39F0E344">Moravec, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E9D34647F1BAB36E2B2247B61DBF5BC0">Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Forest Ecology, Zemědělská 3, CZ- 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic. jirmor @ quick. cz; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5294 - 6410</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0C4B14048B712335D801B35BA75C9D70">Dheurle, Charles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D59C70A7CD78BACC1779A7C1DEADA9F5">Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Forest Ecology, Zemědělská 3, CZ- 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic. jirmor @ quick. cz; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5294 - 6410 & 5 place Jenson, F- 52200 Langres, France. charles. dheurle @ wanadoo. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2580 - 6962 Corresponding author & Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Forest Ecology, Zemědělská 3, CZ- 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic. jirmor @ quick. cz; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5294 - 6410</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="09794FF92AC7D57CC2C0513E1A1EC7E4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F3E2F270A07EE7793FBB349E2F8779C4">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A589D0CCE1D8555B8F55BAA0912902DF">2023-12-14</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C3116509FFFDFFD0FF6E90533C7E9903" box="[151,796,1339,1366]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E90533C7E9903" blockId="27.[151,796,1339,1401]" box="[151,796,1339,1366]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="D0FC81EEFFFDFFD0FF6E90533C7E9903" bold="true" box="[151,796,1339,1366]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E90533C7E9903" ID-CoL="4FPYL" authority="(Perty, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[151,796,1339,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E90533C7E9903" bold="true" box="[151,796,1339,1366]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E90533E5E9900" bold="true" box="[151,316,1339,1366]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
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||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FEB490533E939900" bold="true" box="[333,497,1339,1366]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FDFD90533D109900" bold="true" box="[516,626,1339,1366]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">laminata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FD7890533C769903" author="Perty, M." box="[641,788,1339,1365]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty, 1830</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3116509FFFDFFD0FF6E90373E5A992F" box="[151,312,1375,1401]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E90373E5A992F" blockId="27.[151,796,1339,1401]" box="[151,312,1375,1401]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13302A07FFFDFFD0FF6690373E53992F" box="[159,305,1375,1401]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 98–102" captionStart-1="FIGURES 103–105" captionStart-2="FIGURES 106–112" captionStart-3="FIGURES 113–117" captionStart-4="FIGURES 118–126" captionStartId-0="29.[151,264,1858,1882]" captionStartId-1="30.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionStartId-2="31.[151,264,1860,1884]" captionStartId-3="32.[151,264,962,986]" captionStartId-4="33.[151,264,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1420,194,1822]" captionTargetBox-1="[167,1422,194,1825]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1424,194,1824]" captionTargetBox-3="[166,1421,192,925]" captionTargetBox-4="[159,1423,191,1836]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@29.[154,1433,181,1835]" captionTargetId-1="figure-30@30.[154,1433,181,1837]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@31.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetId-3="figure-30@32.[153,1434,181,938]" captionTargetId-4="figure-17@33.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId-0="29" captionTargetPageId-1="30" captionTargetPageId-2="31" captionTargetPageId-3="32" captionTargetPageId-4="33" captionText-0="FIGURES 98–102. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), ♂, HT, “Brasilia” (ZSM). 98–habitus, 9.5 mm (image credit: Michael Balke); 99—elytron; 100—ditto, detail of surface; 101—pronotum; 102—labels. Bars = 1 mm" captionText-1="FIGURES 103–105. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimens of syn. Megacephala asperula Westwood (MNHN), habitus. 103—♂, 10.2 mm, “Para” [Pará, Brazil]; 104—♂, 9.6 mm, Pebas [Peru]; 105—♀, 9.9 mm, Pebas. Bar = 1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 106–112. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimen of syn. Megacephala asperulaWestwood (BMNH), ♂. 106—habitus, 9.9 mm; 107—labrum; 108—labels; 109—pronotum; 110—ditto, detail of surface; 111—elytron; 112—ditto, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm." captionText-3="FIGURES 113–117. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimen under unavailable name Megacephala brevipennis by Westwood (1852 in litt.), ♀ (BMNH). 113—elytron; 114—ditto, detail of surface; 115—labrum; 116—pronotum; 117— dit- to, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm." captionText-4="FIGURES 118–126. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimens (MNHN). 118—head, ♂, “Para” [Brazil] (MNHN); 119—ditto, mandibles; 120–122—labrum: 120—♂, Pebas [Peru]; 121 ♀, ibid; 122—♂, “Para” [Brazil]; 123–124— elytron: 123—♂, Pebas; 124—♂, “Para”; 125—♀, Pebas; 126—aedeagus, “Para”. Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376632" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376634" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376636" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376638" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376640" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10376632/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10376634/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10376636/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10376638/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/10376640/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 98–126</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3116509FFFDFFD0FF6E90CC3C3B9B7A" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E90CC3D4699EA" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,548,1444,1468]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11ACFFFDFFD0FF6E90CC3D4699EA" box="[151,548,1444,1468]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFFDFFD0FF6E90CC3D4299EA" author="Perty, M." box="[151,544,1444,1468]" page="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1830">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E90CC3D4299EA" ID-CoL="738FL" authority="Perty, 1830: 2" authorityName="Perty" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,544,1444,1468]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E90CC3EE499EA" box="[151,390,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Megacephala laminata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FE7490CC3D4299EA" author="Perty, M." box="[397,544,1444,1468]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty, 1830: 2</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E90AB3E6F99AF" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11ACFFFDFFD0FF6E90AB3E6F99AF" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
Non
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<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFFDFFD0FF3290AA3DB5998C" author="Fleutiaux, E." box="[203,727,1474,1498]" page=")" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1894">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF3290AA3DB5998C" ID-CoL="4FPYL" authority="sensu Fleutiaux (1894: 27)" authorityName="sensu Fleutiaux" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="1894" box="[203,727,1474,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF3290AA3E95998C" box="[203,503,1474,1498]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Phaeoxantha laminata sensu</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FE0690AA3DB5998C" author="Fleutiaux, E." box="[511,727,1474,1498]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="24 - 28" refId="ref32958" refString="Fleutiaux, E. (1894) Note sur les coleopteres Cicindelides du genre Phaeoxantha Chaudoir. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 18, 24 - 28." type="journal article" year="1894">Fleutiaux (1894: 27)</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, nec
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FCF790AB3CD0998C" box="[782,946,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">sensu auctorum</emphasis>
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(partim), which is in fact
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FB3C90AB3E6A99AF" ID-CoL="3YQVZ" authority="(Dejean, 1831)" baseAuthorityName="Dejean" baseAuthorityYear="1831" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nocturna">
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FB3C90AB3A5E998C" box="[1221,1340,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">P. nocturna</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FAB290AA3E6299AF" author="Dejean, P. M. F. A." pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref32547" refString="Dejean, P. M. F. A. (1831) Species general des Coleopteres, de la collection de M. le Comte Dejean. Tome cinquieme. Mequignon - Marvis, Paris, viii + 883 pp." type="book" year="1831">Dejean, 1831</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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!
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E93683D9B9A4E" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,761,1536,1560]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E93683E889A4E" ID-CoL="3YQV8" authority="Perty, 1833" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1833" box="[151,490,1536,1560]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limata">
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E93683E0E9A4E" box="[151,364,1536,1560]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Megacephala limata</emphasis>
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Perty, 1833
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</taxonomicName>
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– unjustified emendation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E93763CDA9A60" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,952,1566,1591]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11ACFFFDFFD0FF6E93763CDA9A60" box="[151,952,1566,1591]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFFDFFD0FF6E93763D039A60" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[151,609,1566,1590]" page="53" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1852">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E93763D039A60" ID-CoL="3YQRC" authority="Westwood, 1852: 53" authorityName="Westwood (MNHN" authorityPageNumber="53" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,609,1566,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperula">
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E93763EE69A60" box="[151,388,1566,1590]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Megacephala asperula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FE7593763D039A60" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[396,609,1566,1590]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="51 - 58" refId="ref34772" refString="Westwood, J. O. [in Bates & Westwood] (1852) On the Coleopterous Genus Megacephala. Synopsis of the species. Translations of the Entomological Society of London, 2, 51 - 58." type="journal article" year="1852">Westwood, 1852: 53</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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– synonymy by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FCF493763CD69A60" author="Naviaux, R." box="[781,948,1566,1590]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="511 - 515" refId="ref34236" refString="Naviaux, R. (2008) Phaeoxantha laminata (Perty) et P. nocturna (Dejean), deux especes bien distinctes sous le nom P. limata (Perty) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 113 (4), 511 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 2008.3049" type="journal article" year="2008">Naviaux (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E93553D499A03" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,555,1597,1621]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11ACFFFDFFD0FF6E93553D499A03" box="[151,555,1597,1621]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E93553E319A03" box="[151,339,1597,1621]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tetracha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E93553E319A03" box="[151,339,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tetracha asperula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFFDFFD0FE9893553D4A9A03" author="Thomson, J." box="[353,552,1597,1621]" page="48" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1857">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FE9893553D4A9A03" author="Thomson, J." box="[353,552,1597,1621]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref34641" refString="Thomson, J. (1857) Monographie des Cicindelides ou expose methodique et critique des tribus, genres et especes de cette famille. Societe entomologique de France, Paris, 66 pp., 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9350" type="book" year="1857">Thomson 1857: 48</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E93343D4F9A22" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,557,1627,1652]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11ACFFFDFFD0FF6E93343D4F9A22" box="[151,557,1627,1652]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E93343E379A22" box="[151,341,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tetracha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E93343E379A22" box="[151,341,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tetracha laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFFDFFD0FE9B93343D4B9A22" author="Thomson, J." box="[354,553,1627,1652]" page="48" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1857">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FE9B93343D4B9A22" author="Thomson, J." box="[354,553,1627,1652]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref34641" refString="Thomson, J. (1857) Monographie des Cicindelides ou expose methodique et critique des tribus, genres et especes de cette famille. Societe entomologique de France, Paris, 66 pp., 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9350" type="book" year="1857">Thomson 1857: 48</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E93123D3A9AC4" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,600,1658,1682]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11ACFFFDFFD0FF6E93123D3A9AC4" box="[151,600,1658,1682]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E93123EE29AC4" ID-CoL="4FPYD" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[151,384,1658,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E93123EE29AC4" box="[151,384,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Phaeoxantha asperula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFFDFFD0FE7693123D369AC4" author="Chaudoir, M." box="[399,596,1658,1682]" page="42" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1865">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FE7693123D369AC4" author="Chaudoir, M." box="[399,596,1658,1682]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref32448" refString="Chaudoir, M. (1865) Catalogue de la collection des cicindel e t e s de M. le Baron Chaudoir. Nys, Bruxelles, 64 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 134840" type="book" year="1865">Chaudoir 1865: 42</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E93F13B8D9AE7" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,1263,1689,1713]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E93F13E0A9AE7" ID-CoL="3YQV8" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[151,360,1689,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E93F13E0A9AE7" box="[151,360,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Phaeoxantha limata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[wrongly credited to “
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FDAA93F13DAD9AE7" author="Perty, M." box="[595,719,1689,1713]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
”]
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FD1F93F23CEB9AE7" box="[742,905,1690,1713]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">sensu auctorum</emphasis>
|
||
(partim) – see “Remarks” below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E93D03AF59A86" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,1431,1720,1744]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E93D03DEE9A86" box="[151,652,1720,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="nocturna" subSpecies="sensu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E93D03D4F9A99" box="[151,557,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Phaeoxantha nocturna sensu auctorum</emphasis>
|
||
(partim)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FD3093D03B3F9A86" ID-CoL="4FPYP" authority="(Dejean, 1831)" baseAuthorityName="Dejean" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[713,1117,1720,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nocturna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FD3093D03CD79A99" box="[713,949,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Phaeoxantha nocturna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FC3A93D03B379A86" author="Dejean, P. M. F. A." box="[963,1109,1720,1744]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref32547" refString="Dejean, P. M. F. A. (1831) Species general des Coleopteres, de la collection de M. le Comte Dejean. Tome cinquieme. Mequignon - Marvis, Paris, viii + 883 pp." type="book" year="1831">Dejean, 1831</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
! – see under that taxon below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E93BE3B5C9AB8" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,1086,1750,1774]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11ACFFFDFFD0FF6E93BE3B5C9AB8" box="[151,1086,1750,1774]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E93BE3EE09AB8" ID-CoL="4FPYL" authorityName="sensu Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,386,1750,1774]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E93BE3EE09AB8" box="[151,386,1750,1774]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Phaeoxantha laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFFDFFD0FE6993BE3DEF9AB8" author="Naviaux, R." box="[400,653,1750,1774]" page="312" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2008">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FE6993BE3DEF9AB8" author="Naviaux, R." box="[400,653,1750,1774]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="511 - 515" refId="ref34236" refString="Naviaux, R. (2008) Phaeoxantha laminata (Perty) et P. nocturna (Dejean), deux especes bien distinctes sous le nom P. limata (Perty) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 113 (4), 511 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 2008.3049" type="journal article" year="2008">Naviaux 2008: 312–313</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 6–9 – rectified concept of the taxon.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E939D3D179B5B" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,629,1781,1805]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11ACFFFDFFD0FF6E939D3D179B5B" box="[151,629,1781,1805]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E939D3EE09B5B" ID-CoL="4FPYL" authorityName="sensu Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,386,1781,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E939D3EE09B5B" box="[151,386,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Phaeoxantha laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFFDFFD0FE69939D3D2B9B5B" author="Wiesner, J." box="[400,585,1781,1805]" page="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2020">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FE69939D3D2B9B5B" author="Wiesner, J." box="[400,585,1781,1805]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref34965" refString="Wiesner, J. (2020) Checklist of the Tiger Beetles of the World, 2 nd Edition. Winterwork, Borsdorf, 540 pp." type="book" year="2020">Wiesner 2020: 30</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 31.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E927B3C3B9B7A" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,857,1811,1836]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E927B3E0D9B7A" bold="true" box="[151,367,1811,1836]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Unavailable names.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FE8C927C3D259B7A" box="[373,583,1812,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FE8C927C3D259B7A" box="[373,583,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Megacephala brevis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FDAC927C3C669B7D" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[597,772,1811,1836]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="51 - 58" refId="ref34772" refString="Westwood, J. O. [in Bates & Westwood] (1852) On the Coleopterous Genus Megacephala. Synopsis of the species. Translations of the Entomological Society of London, 2, 51 - 58." type="journal article" year="1852">
|
||
Westwood (
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B67FFFDFFD0FD36927B3C669B7D" box="[719,772,1811,1835]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.70408" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="in" value="1852.0">1852</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FCF2927C3C2B9B7A" box="[779,841,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">in litt.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3116509FFFDFFD0FF6E925A3DD19B1C" box="[151,691,1842,1866]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E925A3DD19B1C" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,691,1842,1866]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FF6E925A3EC09B1C" box="[151,418,1842,1866]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E925A3EC09B1C" box="[151,418,1842,1866]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Megacephala brevipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFDFFD0FE49925A3D3D9B1C" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[432,607,1842,1866]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="51 - 58" refId="ref34772" refString="Westwood, J. O. [in Bates & Westwood] (1852) On the Coleopterous Genus Megacephala. Synopsis of the species. Translations of the Entomological Society of London, 2, 51 - 58." type="journal article" year="1852">
|
||
Westwood (
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B67FFFDFFD0FDD3925A3D3D9B1C" box="[554,607,1842,1866]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.70408" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="in" value="1852.0">1852</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FD9F925B3DFC9B1C" box="[614,670,1842,1866]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">in litt</emphasis>
|
||
.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3116509FFFDFFD7FF6E923D3B029E4F" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD0FF6E923D3EDE9B38" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" box="[151,444,1876,1903]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF6E923D3E519B38" bold="true" box="[151,307,1876,1903]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFFDFFD0FF6E923D3FB19B39" box="[151,211,1877,1903]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. “Brasilia”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFDFFD7FF3E92113DC89CAF" blockId="27.[151,1436,1444,2011]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1437,151,1653]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FF3E92113E139BC4" bold="true" box="[199,369,1912,1939]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type material</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFFDFFD0FE8692103E8B9BC4" box="[383,489,1912,1938]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(by monotypy),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFFDFFD0FD5092113DDC9BC5" box="[681,702,1913,1939]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
in ZSM [standing as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FC4A92103BDE9BC4" baseAuthorityName="Dejean" baseAuthorityYear="1831" box="[947,1212,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nocturna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFDFFD0FC4A92103BDE9BC4" box="[947,1212,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Megacephala nocturna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(sic!)], labelled: “9 / Brasilia / Megaceph. / laminata [subsequently crossed “amin”, while with additionally written “im” into the label, changing the name to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FE3992A83D789B8C" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[448,538,1984,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limata">“limata</taxonomicName>
|
||
”] / Perty /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFDFFD0FD6992A93C4C9B8C" authority="Klg." authorityName="Klg." box="[656,814,1984,2011]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nocturna">nocturna Klg.</taxonomicName>
|
||
” [additionally added at the bottom of the large, square, whitish-tarnished handwritten label with green border and two green transverse lines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFFAFFD7FB8695FF3B869CE7" box="[1151,1252,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 98–102" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,194,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[154,1433,181,1835]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 98–102. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), ♂, HT, “Brasilia” (ZSM). 98–habitus, 9.5 mm (image credit: Michael Balke); 99—elytron; 100—ditto, detail of surface; 101—pronotum; 102—labels. Bars = 1 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376632/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 102</figureCitation>
|
||
)] // “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFFAFFD7FAE695FF3AEE9CE7" box="[1311,1420,151,177]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FF6E95D33E4B9C83" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,297,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phaeoxantha</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ laminata / (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FE4595D33D229C83" author="Perty, M." box="[444,576,187,213]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) / R. Naviaux test. 2008” [red, printed] // “SNSB Staatssammlung München / digital imaging / ZSM-COL-0113” [printed].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFAFFD7FF3E946A3B399D33" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FF3E946A3E9E9D4A" bold="true" box="[199,508,258,284]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Other material examined</emphasis>
|
||
. Historical specimens.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFFAFFD7FCF5946B3C559D4B" box="[780,823,259,285]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFFAFFD7FCA7946B3CD19D4B" box="[862,947,259,285]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
: “Rio Tocau /
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFFAFFD7FBA6946B3BC59D4B" box="[1119,1191,259,285]" name="Brazil" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
” //
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FB2B946B3A239D4B" authorityName="sensu Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1894" box="[1234,1345,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">“laminata</taxonomicName>
|
||
? /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FA97946B3E169D17" authority="Mus. Cat." authorityName="Mus. Cat." class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipennis">brevipennis Mus. Cat.</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFFAFFD7FE76944F3EB59D17" box="[399,471,295,321]" name="Brazil" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
” // “F. Bates Coll. / B.M 1911–248” // “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FC4D944F3B2B9D17" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" box="[948,1097,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phaeoxantha</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FB9D944F3A059D17" authority="(Perty, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1124,1383,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
laminata (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FB2E944F3A029D17" author="Perty, M." box="[1239,1376,295,321]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ R. Naviaux det 2008” // “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FE6194233D4F9D33" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" box="[408,557,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phaeoxantha</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FDBD94233C219D33" authority="(Perty, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[580,835,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
laminata (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FD4C94233C599D33" author="Perty, M." box="[693,827,331,357]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ R. Naviaux det 2009”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFAFFD7FF3E94073B029E4F" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Specimen standing as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FE3194073D019DDF" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[456,611,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FE3194073D019DDF" box="[456,611,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Megacephala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FD7394073B099DDF" authority="(Westwood, 1852)" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[650,1131,366,393]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FD7394073CEF9DDF" box="[650,909,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phaeoxantha asperula</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FC6594073B019DDF" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[924,1123,366,393]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="51 - 58" refId="ref34772" refString="Westwood, J. O. [in Bates & Westwood] (1852) On the Coleopterous Genus Megacephala. Synopsis of the species. Translations of the Entomological Society of London, 2, 51 - 58." type="journal article" year="1852">Westwood, 1852</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFFAFFD7FB8F94073BC39DDF" box="[1142,1185,367,393]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFFAFFD7FB3E94073A7E9DDF" box="[1223,1308,367,393]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
: “Rio Araguay /
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFFAFFD7FF1294FB3E519DFB" box="[235,307,403,429]" name="Brazil" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
” // “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FE9E94FB3E8A9DFB" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[359,488,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperula">T. asperula</taxonomicName>
|
||
, West. /
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFFAFFD7FDBE94FB3DED9DFB" box="[583,655,403,429]" name="Brazil" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
” // “F. Bates Coll. / B.M 1911–248” // “Ex Cab / Castelnau” // “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FA9F94FB3F9C9D87" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phaeoxantha</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FEEF94DF3D759D87" authority="(Perty, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[278,535,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
laminata (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FE7094DF3D6D9D87" author="Perty, M." box="[393,527,439,465]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ R. Naviaux det 2008” // “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FCAD94DF3C8B9D87" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" box="[852,1001,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phaeoxantha</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FBF894DF3A609D87" authority="(Perty, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1025,1282,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
laminata (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FB8A94DF3B989D87" author="Perty, M." box="[1139,1274,439,465]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ R. Naviaux det 2009”.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFFAFFD7FEED94B33E559DA3" box="[276,311,475,501]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFFAFFD7FEA294B33ED49DA3" box="[347,438,475,501]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FE3994B33D249DA3" baseAuthorityName="C.O.Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[448,582,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicollis">“brevicollis</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Chaud. / Amazones / 59 Bates” // “Muséum Paris / Coll. Chaudoir 1874”.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFFAFFD7FF6E94973FB89E4F" box="[151,218,511,537]" count="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="male">6 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFFAFFD7FF1F94973E449E4F" box="[230,294,511,537]" count="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFFAFFD7FEB294973EC49E4F" box="[331,422,511,537]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
: “Muséum Paris / Ht Amazone / Pebas / de Castelnau 1874”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3116509FFFAFFD7FF3E974A3E179EA7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFAFFD7FF3E974A3E179EA7" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FF3E974A3EB39E6A" bold="true" box="[199,465,546,572]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FE1D974B3D199E6B" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" box="[484,635,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FE1D974B3D199E6B" box="[484,635,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FD7F974B3C419E6B" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[646,803,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FD69974B3DC39E6A" box="[656,673,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FD44974B3C419E6B" box="[701,803,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is immediately distinguished from all species of the nominotypical subgenus including similarly small species by its mutually markedly ovoid elytra which are notably dimorphic, being distinctly dilated towards anteapical elytral angles in males, and elytral surface (in both sexes) densely tuberculate throughout (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFFAFFD7FDA497E73D929EFF" box="[605,752,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 98–102" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,194,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[154,1433,181,1835]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 98–102. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), ♂, HT, “Brasilia” (ZSM). 98–habitus, 9.5 mm (image credit: Michael Balke); 99—elytron; 100—ditto, detail of surface; 101—pronotum; 102—labels. Bars = 1 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376632/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 98–100</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFFAFFD7FD0497E73CB69EFF" box="[765,980,655,681]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 103–105" captionStart-1="FIGURES 106–112" captionStart-2="FIGURES 113–117" captionStartId-0="30.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionStartId-1="31.[151,264,1860,1884]" captionStartId-2="32.[151,264,962,986]" captionTargetBox-0="[167,1422,194,1825]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1424,194,1824]" captionTargetBox-2="[166,1421,192,925]" captionTargetId-0="figure-30@30.[154,1433,181,1837]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@31.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetId-2="figure-30@32.[153,1434,181,938]" captionTargetPageId-0="30" captionTargetPageId-1="31" captionTargetPageId-2="32" captionText-0="FIGURES 103–105. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimens of syn. Megacephala asperula Westwood (MNHN), habitus. 103—♂, 10.2 mm, “Para” [Pará, Brazil]; 104—♂, 9.6 mm, Pebas [Peru]; 105—♀, 9.9 mm, Pebas. Bar = 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 106–112. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimen of syn. Megacephala asperulaWestwood (BMNH), ♂. 106—habitus, 9.9 mm; 107—labrum; 108—labels; 109—pronotum; 110—ditto, detail of surface; 111—elytron; 112—ditto, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 113–117. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimen under unavailable name Megacephala brevipennis by Westwood (1852 in litt.), ♀ (BMNH). 113—elytron; 114—ditto, detail of surface; 115—labrum; 116—pronotum; 117— dit- to, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376634" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376636" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376638" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10376634/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10376636/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10376638/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">103–106, 111–114</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFFAFFD7FC1897E63B289EFF" box="[993,1098,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 118–126" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[159,1423,191,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 118–126. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimens (MNHN). 118—head, ♂, “Para” [Brazil] (MNHN); 119—ditto, mandibles; 120–122—labrum: 120—♂, Pebas [Peru]; 121 ♀, ibid; 122—♂, “Para” [Brazil]; 123–124— elytron: 123—♂, Pebas; 124—♂, “Para”; 125—♀, Pebas; 126—aedeagus, “Para”. Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376640/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">123–125</figureCitation>
|
||
). Also the pronotal surface is sparsely, but distinctly tuberculate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFFAFFD7FDD397DB3DF29E9B" box="[554,656,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 98–102" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1858,1882]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,194,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[154,1433,181,1835]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 98–102. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), ♂, HT, “Brasilia” (ZSM). 98–habitus, 9.5 mm (image credit: Michael Balke); 99—elytron; 100—ditto, detail of surface; 101—pronotum; 102—labels. Bars = 1 mm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376632/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 101</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFFAFFD7FD6297DB3C639E9B" box="[667,769,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 106–112" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,194,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 106–112. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimen of syn. Megacephala asperulaWestwood (BMNH), ♂. 106—habitus, 9.9 mm; 107—labrum; 108—labels; 109—pronotum; 110—ditto, detail of surface; 111—elytron; 112—ditto, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376636/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">109–110</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFFAFFD7FCF297DB3C109E9B" box="[779,882,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–117" captionStartId="32.[151,264,962,986]" captionTargetBox="[166,1421,192,925]" captionTargetId="figure-30@32.[153,1434,181,938]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 113–117. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimen under unavailable name Megacephala brevipennis by Westwood (1852 in litt.), ♀ (BMNH). 113—elytron; 114—ditto, detail of surface; 115—labrum; 116—pronotum; 117— dit- to, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376638/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">116–117</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body 9.30–10.2 (HT 9.60) mm long, 3.90–4.30 (HT 3.9) mm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3116509FFFAFFD7FF3E97923E5C9847" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFAFFD7FF3E97923E5C9847" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FF3E97923E3E9F42" bold="true" box="[199,348,762,788]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Although the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFFAFFD7FDFA97933D569F43" box="[515,564,763,789]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality was simply designated as “Brasilia”, the examined specimens standing in MNHN and BMNH under the synonymous name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FCCA96773B5A9F6F" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[819,1080,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FCCA96773B5A9F6F" box="[819,1080,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Phaeoxantha asperula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
come from the upper parts of the Amazon Basin, namely from the area of Pebas (very probably in the Peruvian province of Loreto), and Rio Araguay in the Brazilian state of Matto Grosso and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFFAFFD7FD13960F3C439FD7" box="[746,801,871,897]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pará</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFFAFFD7FCD5960F3CAE9FD7" box="[812,972,871,897]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, originally standing in BMNH under the unavailable name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FE9196E33DED9FF3" box="[360,655,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FE9196E33DED9FF3" box="[360,655,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Megacephala brevipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, comes from an area of Rio Tocau in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFFAFFD7FBBD96E33BEC9FF3" box="[1092,1166,907,933]" name="Brazil" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FB6096E33A2C9FF3" author="Naviaux, R." box="[1177,1358,907,933]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="511 - 515" refId="ref34236" refString="Naviaux, R. (2008) Phaeoxantha laminata (Perty) et P. nocturna (Dejean), deux especes bien distinctes sous le nom P. limata (Perty) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 113 (4), 511 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 2008.3049" type="journal article" year="2008">Naviaux (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
examined and illustrated also a male from an area near the confluence of the Amazon rivers Rio
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFFAFFD7FB2996C73A559F9F" box="[1232,1335,943,969]" country="Brazil" name="Maranhao" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Marañón</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Rio Ucayali in the Peruvian province of Loreto, and listed also a specimen from Rio Madeira (in the Brazilian state of Amazonas).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3116509FFFAFFEBFF3E91733D379AFC" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFAFFD7FF3E91733E9B995B" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FF3E91733E549863" bold="true" box="[199,310,1051,1077]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. As explained in “Introduction” and mentioned in “Note” under the genus name above,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FAAB91733EA8980F" authority="Perty, 1833" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FAAB91733E23980F" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Megacephala limata</emphasis>
|
||
Perty, 1833
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an unjustified emendation for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FCBB91573B34980F" authority="Perty, 1830" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1830" box="[834,1110,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FCBB91573CAC980F" box="[834,974,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">M. laminata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FC2D91573B34980F" author="Perty, M." box="[980,1110,1087,1113]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its junior synonym. The elytral surface in the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FD75910B3B7E982B" authority="Perty, 1830" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1830" box="[652,1052,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FD75910B3CF6982B" box="[652,916,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Megacephala laminata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FC63910B3B7E982B" author="Perty, M." box="[922,1052,1123,1149]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized as: “
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FAF6910B3ECB98F7" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Elytra oculo nudo subtiliter rugulose</emphasis>
|
||
” = elytra to the naked eye finely rugulose. It means that the surface sculpture was clearly obvious, thus the original description corresponds to the species characterized by such densely tuberculate elytral surface (combined with ovaliform elytral shape), as represented by the ZSM female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFFAFFD7FB7691A73B9198BF" box="[1167,1267,1231,1257]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FAE391A73AFF98BF" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1830" box="[1306,1437,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FAE391A73AFF98BF" box="[1306,1437,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FEBF919B3E8F995B" author="Naviaux, R." box="[326,493,1267,1293]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="511 - 515" refId="ref34236" refString="Naviaux, R. (2008) Phaeoxantha laminata (Perty) et P. nocturna (Dejean), deux especes bien distinctes sous le nom P. limata (Perty) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 113 (4), 511 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 2008.3049" type="journal article" year="2008">Naviaux 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFAFFD7FF3E907F3BCE9A23" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,1653]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
In contrast, the illustration in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FDEA907F3DF89967" author="Perty, M." box="[531,666,1303,1329]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty (1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 1, fig. 3), shows the black elytral areas notably expanded, reaching both sutures and elytral outer margins. In the original description, however, Perty described the black markings as “
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FF3890373E9099CA" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">sutura ad basin obscuriore, nigredine pone medium dilatata, maculam ideo communem referente, quae vero elytrorum marginem non attingit</emphasis>
|
||
”, which means that the black area does not touch the elytral margin (as corresponding to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFFAFFD7FEF190CF3E099997" box="[264,363,1447,1473]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FE6890CF3DF49997" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1830" box="[401,662,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FE6890CF3DF49997" box="[401,662,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Megacephala laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in ZSM). Furthermore, the basic elytral coloration was described by Perty as “
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FEFD90A33EAB99B3" box="[260,457,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">brunneo-testacea</emphasis>
|
||
, which corresponds to the coloration in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFFAFFD7FC4E90A33B7899B3" box="[951,1050,1483,1509]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FBC690A33BDD99B3" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1830" box="[1087,1215,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FBC690A33BDD99B3" box="[1087,1215,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as well. The elytral shape was omitted in the original description by Perty, but apart from the distinctly tuberculate elytral surface, the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFFAFFD7FEEF937B3E1B9A7B" box="[278,377,1555,1581]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(ZSM) possesses notably ovaliform elytral shape as in the other female specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FAA8937B3A009A7A" box="[1361,1378,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFAFFD7FA88937B3EBB9A07" authority="(Westwood, 1852)" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FA82937B3AEE9A7A" box="[1403,1420,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFAFFD7FF6E935F3F9E9A07" box="[151,252,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">laminata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FEF5935F3EB39A07" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[268,465,1590,1617]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="51 - 58" refId="ref34772" refString="Westwood, J. O. [in Bates & Westwood] (1852) On the Coleopterous Genus Megacephala. Synopsis of the species. Translations of the Entomological Society of London, 2, 51 - 58." type="journal article" year="1852">Westwood, 1852</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; male elytra exhibit rather distinct sexual dimorphism being notably wider as in the male illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFFAFFD7FE8893333D7F9A23" author="Naviaux, R." box="[369,541,1627,1653]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="511 - 515" refId="ref34236" refString="Naviaux, R. (2008) Phaeoxantha laminata (Perty) et P. nocturna (Dejean), deux especes bien distinctes sous le nom P. limata (Perty) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 113 (4), 511 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 2008.3049" type="journal article" year="2008">Naviaux (2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 6) and demonstrated here in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFFAFFD7FC6393333B559A23" box="[922,1079,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 103–105" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[167,1422,194,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-30@30.[154,1433,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 103–105. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimens of syn. Megacephala asperula Westwood (MNHN), habitus. 103—♂, 10.2 mm, “Para” [Pará, Brazil]; 104—♂, 9.6 mm, Pebas [Peru]; 105—♀, 9.9 mm, Pebas. Bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376634/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 103–104</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFFAFFD7FBBA93333BCA9A23" box="[1091,1192,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 106–112" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,194,1824]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[151,1436,181,1837]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 106–112. Phaeoxantha (P.) laminata (Perty), historical specimen of syn. Megacephala asperulaWestwood (BMNH), ♂. 106—habitus, 9.9 mm; 107—labrum; 108—labels; 109—pronotum; 110—ditto, detail of surface; 111—elytron; 112—ditto, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376636/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">106, 111</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF74660AFFFBFFD6FF6E922A3B379B28" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376632" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376632/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[151,264,1858,1882]" targetBox="[167,1420,194,1822]" targetPageId="29" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFFBFFD6FF6E922A3B379B28" blockId="29.[151,1436,1858,1919]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFBFFD6FF6E922A3E039B0D" bold="true" box="[151,353,1858,1883]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURES 98–102.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFBFFD6FE91922B3E8C9B0D" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" box="[360,494,1859,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFBFFD6FE91922B3E8C9B0D" box="[360,494,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFFBFFD6FE0C922B3DAE9B0D" authority="(Perty)" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[501,716,1859,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFBFFD6FE04922C3D6E9B0D" box="[509,524,1860,1883]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">P</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFFBFFD6FDDB922B3D1E9B0D" box="[546,636,1859,1883]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">laminata</emphasis>
|
||
(Perty)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♂, HT, “Brasilia” (ZSM). 98–habitus, 9.5 mm (image credit: Michael Balke); 99—elytron; 100—ditto, detail of surface; 101—pronotum; 102—labels. Bars = 1 mm
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF74660AFFF8FFD5FF6E922E3FA49BF3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376634" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376634" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376634/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[151,264,1862,1886]" targetBox="[167,1422,194,1825]" targetPageId="30" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFF8FFD5FF6E922E3FA49BF3" blockId="30.[151,1437,1862,1957]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFF8FFD5FF6E922E3E119B08" bold="true" box="[151,371,1862,1886]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">FIGURES 103–105.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFF8FFD5FE86922E3D679B08" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" box="[383,517,1862,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFF8FFD5FE86922E3D679B08" box="[383,517,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFF8FFD5FDE9922E3D909B08" authority="(Perty)" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[528,754,1862,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFF8FFD5FDE0922F3D4A9B08" box="[537,552,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFF8FFD5FDBA922E3DFF9B08" box="[579,669,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">laminata</emphasis>
|
||
(Perty)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, historical specimens of syn.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFF8FFD5FBC1922E3F9A9BD4" authority="Westwood (MNHN)" authorityName="Westwood (MNHN" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFF8FFD5FBC1922E3A459B08" box="[1080,1319,1862,1886]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Megacephala asperula</emphasis>
|
||
Westwood (MNHN)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, habitus. 103—♂, 10.2 mm, “Para” [Pará, Brazil]; 104—♂, 9.6 mm, Pebas [Peru]; 105—♀, 9.9 mm, Pebas. Bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF74660AFFF9FFD4FF6E922C3EB09BF2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376636" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376636" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376636/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[151,264,1860,1884]" targetBox="[164,1424,194,1824]" targetPageId="31" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFF9FFD4FF6E922C3EB09BF2" blockId="31.[151,1437,1860,1957]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFF9FFD4FF6E922C3E089B0A" bold="true" box="[151,362,1860,1884]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">FIGURES 106–112.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFF9FFD4FE97922D3E969B0B" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" box="[366,500,1861,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFF9FFD4FE97922D3E969B0B" box="[366,500,1861,1885]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFF9FFD4FE01922D3DA89B0B" authority="(Perty)" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[504,714,1861,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFF9FFD4FDF9922D3D6D9B0A" box="[512,527,1861,1884]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">P</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFF9FFD4FDDA922D3D1F9B0B" box="[547,637,1861,1885]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">laminata</emphasis>
|
||
(Perty)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, historical specimen of syn.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFF9FFD4FC19922D3AFA9B0B" authority="Westwood (BMNH)" box="[992,1432,1861,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFF9FFD4FC19922D3BA59B0B" box="[992,1223,1861,1885]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Megacephala asperula</emphasis>
|
||
Westwood (BMNH)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ♂. 106—habitus, 9.9 mm; 107—labrum; 108—labels; 109—pronotum; 110—ditto, detail of surface; 111—elytron; 112—ditto, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF74660AFFC6FFEBFF6E96AA3E909874" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376638" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10376638" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376638/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" startId="32.[151,264,962,986]" targetBox="[166,1421,192,925]" targetPageId="32" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC6FFEBFF6E96AA3E909874" blockId="32.[151,1436,962,1058]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFF6E96AA3E0B9F8C" bold="true" box="[151,361,962,986]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">FIGURES 113–117.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC6FFEBFE9696AA3E979F8C" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" box="[367,501,962,986]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFE9696AA3E979F8C" box="[367,501,962,986]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC6FFEBFE0396AA3DAD9F8C" authority="(Perty)" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[506,719,962,986]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFDFA96AB3D709F8C" box="[515,530,963,986]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFDDE96AA3DE39F8C" box="[551,641,962,986]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">laminata</emphasis>
|
||
(Perty)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, historical specimen under unavailable name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC6FFEBFB6196AA3AFE9F8C" box="[1176,1436,962,986]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFB6196AA3AFE9F8C" box="[1176,1436,962,986]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Megacephala brevipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC6FFEBFF4F968E3E039FA8" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[182,353,998,1022]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="51 - 58" refId="ref34772" refString="Westwood, J. O. [in Bates & Westwood] (1852) On the Coleopterous Genus Megacephala. Synopsis of the species. Translations of the Entomological Society of London, 2, 51 - 58." type="journal article" year="1852">Westwood (1852</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFE9E968F3EFE9FA8" box="[359,412,998,1022]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">in litt</emphasis>
|
||
.), ♀ (BMNH). 113—elytron; 114—ditto, detail of surface; 115—labrum; 116—pronotum; 117— dit- to, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC6FFEBFF3E91D43EC19948" blockId="32.[151,1436,1212,1707]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Consequently, we should consider the figure 3 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC6FFEBFD0791D43B619880" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[766,1027,1212,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFD0791D43B619880" box="[766,1027,1212,1238]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Megacephala laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the plate 1 by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC6FFEBFB3491D53A399880" author="Perty, M." box="[1229,1371,1212,1239]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty (1830)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to be only scholastic and unequal to the description; it neither corresponds to the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFC6FFEBFBC291883BFF98AC" box="[1083,1181,1248,1274]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC6FFEBFB3A91893A2E98AC" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1219,1356,1248,1274]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFB3A91893A2E98AC" box="[1219,1356,1248,1274]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">M. laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nor to the original description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC6FFEBFF3E90413D539984" blockId="32.[151,1436,1212,1707]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
In contrast to
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFEA690413E129914" box="[351,368,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC6FFEBFE8490403D739914" baseAuthorityName="Perty" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[381,529,1320,1346]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFE7F90413EF59914" box="[390,407,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">P</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFE5490403D739914" box="[429,529,1320,1346]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the female specimen inappropriately subsequently labelled in ZSM as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFC6FFEBFAC390403AFE9914" box="[1338,1436,1320,1346]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC6FFEBFF3B90243D539930" authority="Perty, 1830" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1830" box="[194,561,1356,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFF3B90243ECB9930" box="[194,425,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Megacephala limata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC6FFEBFE4990253D539930" author="Perty, M." box="[432,561,1356,1383]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” clearly differs in having its elytra subparallel and almost smooth, only finely punctate and notably pale yellow-ochre coloured. Moreover, as the name is in fact an unjustified emendation (never was described as a species), the specimen cannot be a type. It was later correctly identified and labelled as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC6FFEBFAB290FC3E2D9984" baseAuthorityName="Dejean" baseAuthorityYear="1831" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nocturna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFAB290FC3E2D9984" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Phaeoxantha nocturna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC6FFEBFE8090D03D4F9984" author="Naviaux, R." box="[377,557,1464,1490]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="511 - 515" refId="ref34236" refString="Naviaux, R. (2008) Phaeoxantha laminata (Perty) et P. nocturna (Dejean), deux especes bien distinctes sous le nom P. limata (Perty) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 113 (4), 511 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 2008.3049" type="journal article" year="2008">Naviaux (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC6FFEBFF3E90B43B139A69" blockId="32.[151,1436,1212,1707]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Consequently, the concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC6FFEBFDEC90B43C7699A0" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1830" box="[533,788,1500,1526]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFDEC90B43C7699A0" box="[533,788,1500,1526]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Phaeoxantha laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFC6FFEBFC8690B43C8399A0" box="[895,993,1500,1526]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC6FFEBFB6D90B43A2499A0" author="Naviaux, R." box="[1172,1350,1500,1526]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="511 - 515" refId="ref34236" refString="Naviaux, R. (2008) Phaeoxantha laminata (Perty) et P. nocturna (Dejean), deux especes bien distinctes sous le nom P. limata (Perty) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 113 (4), 511 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 2008.3049" type="journal article" year="2008">Naviaux (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is fully accepted here as it corresponds to the original description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC6FFEBFCBD93693CB09A4C" author="Perty, M." box="[836,978,1536,1563]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="125 - 224" refId="ref34474" refString="Perty, M. (1830 - 1833) Delectus animalium articulatorum in Brasilia. Insecta Brasiliensia, Coleoptera pentamera. Familia Cicindeletae. Munich, 224 pp. + 40 pls. [issued in three sections (only 1 and 3 cited here): Fascicle 1 (pp 1 - 60 + pls. 1 - 12, 1830). Fascicle 3 (pp 125 - 224 + pls. 25 - 40, 1833). The entire work along with the " De insectorum in America meridionali " was issued in 1834 yet with different titles of individual sections]." type="book chapter" year="1830">Perty (1830)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, while the scholastic figure
|
||
<quantity id="4CF39B67FFC6FFEBFAF293683A549A4C" box="[1291,1334,1536,1562]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
the plate 1 by Perty should be declared as ambiguous, misleading and irrelevant to the taxonomy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC6FFEBFF3E93203D379AFC" blockId="32.[151,1436,1212,1707]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Despite the paper by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC6FFEBFE4193203D0E9A34" author="Naviaux, R." box="[440,620,1608,1634]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="511 - 515" refId="ref34236" refString="Naviaux, R. (2008) Phaeoxantha laminata (Perty) et P. nocturna (Dejean), deux especes bien distinctes sous le nom P. limata (Perty) (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 113 (4), 511 - 515. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 2008.3049" type="journal article" year="2008">Naviaux (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC6FFEBFD3D93203CA69A34" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1830" box="[708,964,1608,1634]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laminata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC6FFEBFD3D93203CA69A34" box="[708,964,1608,1634]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Phaeoxantha laminata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is clearly redescribed and illustrated with tuberculate and notably ovaliform elytra (in males abruptly dilated posteriad), specimens of these two species have remained confused in many collections.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |