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<mods:title id="2AC7DB49D099D9E8BF23EC2CE76BB44D">Taxonomic and nomenclatorial revision of the Neotropical genus Phaeoxantha Chaudoir (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="3728D6C7C6B549EC1784C4026443FAA3">Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Forest Ecology, Zemědělská 3, CZ- 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic. jirmor @ quick. cz; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5294 - 6410 &amp; 5 place Jenson, F- 52200 Langres, France. charles. dheurle @ wanadoo. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2580 - 6962 Corresponding author &amp; Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Forest Ecology, Zemědělská 3, CZ- 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic. jirmor @ quick. cz; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5294 - 6410</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFF6E962A3C1E9F0A" ID-CoL="7HR9H" authority="(Brulle, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[151,892,834,861]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cruciata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha" subSpecies="cruciata">
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF6E962A3E5A9F0B" bold="true" box="[151,312,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFEB3962A3E899F0B" bold="true" box="[330,491,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFE05962B3DA89F0B" bold="true" box="[508,714,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">cruciata cruciata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC3FFEEFD23962A3C169F0A" author="Brulle, A." box="[730,884,834,861]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref32215" refString="Brulle, A. (1837) Insectes de l'Amerique meridionale recueillis par Alcide d'Orbigny et decrits par Emile Blanchard et Auguste Brulle. In: Voyage dans l'Amerique meridionale 6 (2 e Partie: Insectes). P. Bertrand, Paris [&amp;] V. Levrault, Strasbourg, pp. 1 - 56" type="book chapter" year="1837">Brullé, 1837</bibRefCitation>
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(
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFC3FFEEFF66960F3E5E9FD7" box="[159,316,870,897]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 142147" captionStart-1="FIGURES 148150" captionStart-2="FIGURES 151157" captionStartId-0="38.[151,264,1916,1940]" captionStartId-1="39.[151,264,1559,1583]" captionStartId-2="40.[151,264,1650,1674]" captionTargetBox-0="[253,1343,428,1849]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1421,321,1526]" captionTargetBox-2="[162,1425,196,1613]" captionTargetId-0="figure-246@38.[244,1354,421,1857]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@39.[153,1434,308,1536]" captionTargetId-2="figure-30@40.[151,1436,181,1626]" captionTargetPageId-0="38" captionTargetPageId-1="39" captionTargetPageId-2="40" captionText-0="FIGURES 142147. Phaeoxantha (P.) cruciata cruciata (Brullé), from Argentina,; 142—habitus, ♂; 17,5 mm, Corrientes, LT (MNHN); 143—labels of the LT; 144145—mandibles: 144—♂, Entre Rios (CCJM); 145—♀, Buenos Aires (CCJM); 146147—labrum: 146—♂, Entre Rios (CCJM); 147—♀, Buenos Aires (CCJM). Bars = 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 148150. Phaeoxantha (P.) c. cruciata (Brullé), from Argentina (CCJM). 148—habitus, ♂, 16 mm, Entre Rios; 149—ditto, aedeagus; 150—habitus, ♀, 16 mm, Buenos Aires. Bars = 1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 151157. Phaeoxantha (P.) c. cruciata (Brullé), from Argentina (CCJM). 151152—pronotum: 151—♀, Buenos Aires; 152—♂, Entre Rios; 153157—elytra: 153—♂, Entre Rios; 154—ditto, detail of surface; 155—mutual aspect, ♀, Bue- nos Aires; 156—left elytron, ♀, ibid.; 157—ditto, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376648" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376650" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376652" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10376648/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10376650/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10376652/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 142157</figureCitation>
)
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFF6E96C33D7F9F95" ID-CoL="3YQSM" authority="Brulle, 1837: 2" authorityName="Brulle" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,541,939,963]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF6E96C33E199F95" box="[151,379,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Megacephala cruciata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC3FFEEFE7B96C33D7F9F95" author="Brulle, A." box="[386,541,939,963]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref32215" refString="Brulle, A. (1837) Insectes de l'Amerique meridionale recueillis par Alcide d'Orbigny et decrits par Emile Blanchard et Auguste Brulle. In: Voyage dans l'Amerique meridionale 6 (2 e Partie: Insectes). P. Bertrand, Paris [&amp;] V. Levrault, Strasbourg, pp. 1 - 56" type="book chapter" year="1837">Brullé, 1837: 2</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF6E96A23E439FB4" box="[151,289,970,994]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Megacephala</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFEC996A23ED49FB4" box="[304,438,970,994]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFE3D96A23D119FB7" box="[452,627,970,993]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">cruciata cruciata</emphasis>
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:
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFC3FFEEFD7896A23C439FB4" author="Horn, W." box="[641,801,970,994]" page="137" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC3FFEEFD7896A23C439FB4" author="Horn, W." box="[641,801,970,994]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="105 - 208" refId="ref33217" refString="Horn, W. (1910) Coleoptera Adephaga, Fam. Carabidae, Subfam. Cicindelinae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Vol. 82 b. Desmet-Verteneuil, Bruxelles, pp. 105 - 208, pls. 6 - 15." type="book chapter" year="1910">Horn 1910: 137</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFF6E96803E159856" ID-CoL="4FPYF" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[151,375,1000,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF6E96803E159856" box="[151,375,1000,1024]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phaeoxantha cruciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFC3FFEEFE7C96813D459857" author="Horn, W." box="[389,551,1001,1025]" page="211" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1923">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC3FFEEFE7C96813D459857" author="Horn, W." box="[389,551,1001,1025]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="211 - 216" refId="ref33356" refString="Horn, W. (1923) Einiges uber neue und alte Cicindeliden (Col.). Entomologiske Meddelelser, 14, 211 - 216." type="journal article" year="1923">Horn 1923: 211</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFF6E916F3D119849" ID-CoL="3YQSM" box="[151,627,1031,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cruciata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha" subSpecies="cruciata">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF6E916F3E439849" box="[151,289,1031,1055]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Megacephala</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFEC9916F3ED49849" box="[304,438,1031,1055]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFE3D91603D119849" box="[452,627,1032,1055]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">cruciata cruciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFC3FFEEFD79916F3C549849" author="Wiesner, J." box="[640,822,1031,1055]" page="45" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC3FFEEFD79916F3C549849" author="Wiesner, J." box="[640,822,1031,1055]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref34849" refString="Wiesner, J. (1992) Verzeichnis der Sandlaufkafer der Welt. Checklist of the tiger beetles of the world (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae). Verlag Erna Bauer, Keltern, 364 pp." type="book" year="1992">Wiesner 1992: 45</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC3FFEEFF6E914E3DC89868" blockId="37.[151,826,939,1147]" box="[151,682,1062,1086]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11ACFFC3FFEEFF6E914E3DC89868" box="[151,682,1062,1086]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFF6E914E3E15986B" ID-CoL="4FPYF" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[151,375,1062,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF6E914E3E15986B" box="[151,375,1062,1086]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phaeoxantha cruciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFC3FFEEFE7C914E3DC49868" author="Cassola, F. &amp; Pearson, D." box="[389,678,1062,1086]" page="11" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC3FFEEFE7C914E3DC49868" author="Cassola, F. &amp; Pearson, D." box="[389,678,1062,1086]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="3 - 24" refId="ref32338" refString="Cassola, F. &amp; Pearson, D. L (2001) Neotropical Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae): Checklist and Biogeography. Biota Colombiana, 2 (1), 3 - 24." type="journal article" year="2001">Cassola &amp; Pearson 2001: 11</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC3FFEEFF6E912C3D9E980A" blockId="37.[151,826,939,1147]" box="[151,764,1092,1117]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFF6E912C3EB0980A" ID-CoL="7HR9H" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[151,466,1092,1116]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cruciata" subSpecies="cruciata">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF6E912C3EB0980A" box="[151,466,1092,1116]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phaeoxantha cruciata cruciata</emphasis>
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: Erwin &amp; Pearson: 2008: 55.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC3FFEEFF6E910B3DFB982D" blockId="37.[151,826,939,1147]" box="[151,665,1123,1147]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1B11ACFFC3FFEEFF6E910B3DFB982D" box="[151,665,1123,1147]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFF6E910B3EB0982D" ID-CoL="7HR9H" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[151,466,1123,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cruciata" subSpecies="cruciata">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF6E910B3EB0982D" box="[151,466,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phaeoxantha cruciata cruciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0AAA1093FFC3FFEEFE26910B3DF7982D" author="Wiesner, J." box="[479,661,1123,1147]" page="30" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" year="2020">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC3FFEEFE26910B3DF7982D" author="Wiesner, J." box="[479,661,1123,1147]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref34965" refString="Wiesner, J. (2020) Checklist of the Tiger Beetles of the World, 2 nd Edition. Winterwork, Borsdorf, 540 pp." type="book" year="2020">Wiesner 2020: 30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3116509FFC3FFEEFF6E91C13C1C9A7D" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC3FFEEFF6E91C13DD49895" blockId="37.[151,1437,1193,2012]" box="[151,694,1193,1220]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFF6E91C13DD09895" box="[151,690,1193,1220]" country="Argentina" location="Province of Corientes" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF6E91C13E529895" bold="true" box="[151,304,1193,1219]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFC3FFEEFF6E91C13FB09895" box="[151,210,1193,1219]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFC3FFEEFEC591C13ED29895" box="[316,432,1193,1219]" name="Argentina" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Argentina</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8ED46059FFC3FFEEFE4291C13DD09895" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A28794FFC3FFEDFF6E962A3B579DDF:8ED46059FFC3FFEEFE4291C13DD09895" box="[443,690,1193,1219]" country="Argentina" name="Province of Corientes" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Province of Corientes</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC3FFEEFF3E91A53C679979" blockId="37.[151,1437,1193,2012]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF3E91A53E0C98B1" bold="true" box="[199,366,1229,1255]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFE8591A63C679979" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Type" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFC3FFEEFE8591A63E8E98BE" box="[380,492,1230,1256]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(designated here)
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFD4491A63DB098BE" box="[701,722,1230,1256]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male"></specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFC3FFEEFD0F91A63C2C98BE" box="[758,846,1230,1256]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MNHN</collectionCode>
, labelled: “Muséum Paris / Province de / Corientes / d Orbigny 1834” [ochre-tarnished, printed] // “illegible number and “34” [circular, handwritten, partly illegible] //
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFF6E907D3F9D9979" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[151,255,1301,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">“cruciata</taxonomicName>
” [green, handwritten] // “
<collectorName id="26FE5354FFC3FFEEFDE5907D3D3A9979" box="[540,600,1301,1327]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</collectorName>
” [red, printed].
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC3FFEEFF3E90513C1C9A7D" blockId="37.[151,1437,1193,2012]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF3E90513E959905" bold="true" box="[199,503,1337,1363]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Other material examined</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFDFE90513A2A9905" box="[519,1352,1337,1364]" collectionCode="CDCL" country="Paraguay" location="Cororo" municipality="Dpto" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Concepcion">
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFDFE90513D2B9902" box="[519,585,1337,1364]" count="3" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFDAE90513DE09902" box="[599,642,1337,1364]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFC3FFEEFD5090513D969905" box="[681,756,1337,1363]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">CDCL</collectionCode>
: “
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFC3FFEEFCF790513C1B9905" box="[782,889,1337,1363]" name="Paraguay" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
/
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD0ACF8FFC3FFEEFC6890523CAB9902" box="[913,969,1338,1364]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Dpto</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFC3FFEEFC2B90513B399905" box="[978,1115,1337,1363]" country="Paraguay" name="Concepcion" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Concepcion</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8ED46059FFC3FFEEFB9E90513BD49905" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A28794FFC3FFEDFF6E962A3B579DDF:8ED46059FFC3FFEEFB9E90513BD49905" box="[1127,1206,1337,1363]" country="Paraguay" municipality="Dpto" name="Cororo" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="Concepcion">Cororo</location>
/ 20-XI-98”
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFAAA90513CCD9921" collectionCode="CDCL" collectorName="Dheurle" country="Argentina" location="Pena Leg" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Entre Rios">
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFAAA90513AE39902" box="[1363,1409,1337,1364]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFA7790513FCE992E" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFC3FFEEFF2D90353E7D9921" box="[212,287,1373,1399]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">CDCL</collectionCode>
: “
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFC3FFEEFEC290363ED59921" box="[315,439,1373,1400]" country="Argentina" name="Entre Rios" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Entre Rios</collectingRegion>
, 3-94 /
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFC3FFEEFDF690353DE39921" box="[527,641,1373,1399]" name="Argentina" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Argentine</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8ED46059FFC3FFEEFD7790363D98992E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A28794FFC3FFEDFF6E962A3B579DDF:8ED46059FFC3FFEEFD7790363D98992E" box="[654,762,1374,1400]" country="Argentina" name="Pena Leg" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="Entre Rios">Pena Leg</location>
/
<collectorName id="26FE5354FFC3FFEEFCEA90353C0F9921" box="[787,877,1373,1399]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Dheurle</collectorName>
coll”
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFC4590353C5E99CD" collectionCode="CDCL" collectorName="Dheurle" country="Paraguay" location="Paso Carmona" municipality="Nueva" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFC4590353C8A992E" box="[956,1000,1373,1400]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFC3FFEEFBF690353B389921" box="[1039,1114,1373,1399]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">CDCL</collectionCode>
: “
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFC3FFEEFB8D90353B829921" box="[1140,1248,1373,1399]" name="Paraguay" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
, 17-02-92/
<collectingCounty id="62D54E0EFFC3FFEEFA9D90363AFE992E" box="[1380,1436,1374,1400]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Dpto</collectingCounty>
San Pedro,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD0ACF8FFC3FFEEFEEE90EA3E0299CA" box="[279,352,1410,1436]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Nueva</collectingMunicipality>
/ Germania
<location id="8ED46059FFC3FFEEFE1390EA3DEF99CD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A28794FFC3FFEDFF6E962A3B579DDF:8ED46059FFC3FFEEFE1390EA3DEF99CD" box="[490,653,1409,1436]" country="Paraguay" county="Dpto" municipality="Nueva" name="Paso Carmona" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Paso Carmona</location>
/
<collectorName id="26FE5354FFC3FFEEFD5B90E93D9E99CD" box="[674,764,1409,1435]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Dheurle</collectorName>
coll”
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFCBE90E93A2E99CD" box="[839,1356,1409,1436]" collectingDate="1981-12" collectionCode="CCJM" country="Paraguay" location="Colon" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Entre Rios">
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFCBE90E93C1399CA" box="[839,881,1409,1436]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFC3FFEEFC6D90E93C8099CD" box="[916,994,1409,1435]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">CCJM</collectionCode>
: “
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFC3FFEEFC0190EA3B0C99CD" box="[1016,1134,1409,1436]" country="Argentina" name="Entre Rios" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Entre Rios</collectingRegion>
/
<location id="8ED46059FFC3FFEEFB7D90E93BA999CD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A28794FFC3FFEDFF6E962A3B579DDF:8ED46059FFC3FFEEFB7D90E93BA999CD" box="[1156,1227,1409,1435]" country="Paraguay" name="Colon" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="Entre Rios">Colon</location>
,
<date id="FFB51042FFC3FFEEFB2F90EA3A2299CD" box="[1238,1344,1409,1436]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1981-12">
<collectingDate id="EFF1E9AAFFC3FFEEFB2F90EA3A2299CD" box="[1238,1344,1409,1436]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1981-12">XII.1981</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFAAF90E93F8499E9" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFAAF90E93AE299CA" box="[1366,1408,1409,1436]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
in MHCP
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFF0B90CD3CF999E9" box="[242,923,1445,1472]" collectingDate="1976-02-24" collectionCode="CCJM" country="Argentina" location="Colon" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Entre Rios">
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFF0B90CD3E7E9996" box="[242,284,1445,1472]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFC3FFEEFEB990CD3EEC99E9" box="[320,398,1445,1471]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">CCJM</collectionCode>
: “
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFC3FFEEFE5C90CD3D7699E9" box="[421,532,1445,1471]" name="Argentina" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Argentina</collectingCountry>
/
<location id="8ED46059FFC3FFEEFDD290CD3D1099E9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A28794FFC3FFEDFF6E962A3B579DDF:8ED46059FFC3FFEEFDD290CD3D1099E9" box="[555,626,1445,1471]" country="Argentina" name="Colon" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="Entre Rios">Colon</location>
, “
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFC3FFEEFD7390CE3C6399E9" box="[650,769,1445,1472]" country="Argentina" name="Entre Rios" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Entre Rios</collectingRegion>
/
<date id="FFB51042FFC3FFEEFCE190CD3CF299E9" box="[792,912,1445,1472]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1976-02-24">
<collectingDate id="EFF1E9AAFFC3FFEEFCE190CD3CF299E9" box="[792,912,1445,1472]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1976-02-24">24.II.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFC5E90CD3A0599E9" box="[935,1383,1445,1472]" collectionCode="CCJM" country="Argentina" location="Entre Rios" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Entre Rios">
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFC5E90CD3CB39996" box="[935,977,1445,1472]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFC3FFEEFC0F90CD3B2699E9" box="[1014,1092,1445,1471]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">CCJM</collectionCode>
: “
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFC3FFEEFBA390CD3BAB99E9" box="[1114,1225,1445,1471]" name="Argentina" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Argentina</collectingCountry>
/
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFC3FFEEFB1990CE3A3E99E9" box="[1248,1372,1445,1472]" country="Argentina" name="Entre Rios" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Entre Rios</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFA8B90CD3CC699B5" collectingDate="1976-10" collectionCode="CCJM" country="Argentina" location="Colon" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Entre Rios">
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFA8B90CD3AFE9996" box="[1394,1436,1445,1472]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFC3FFEEFF4A90A13E6399B5" box="[179,257,1481,1507]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">CCJM</collectionCode>
: “
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFC3FFEEFEEE90A13EFE99B5" box="[279,412,1481,1507]" name="Argentina" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Argentinien</collectingCountry>
/
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFC3FFEEFE4890A23D4899B5" box="[433,554,1481,1508]" country="Argentina" name="Entre Rios" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Entre Rios</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8ED46059FFC3FFEEFDCC90A13D1B99B5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A28794FFC3FFEDFF6E962A3B579DDF:8ED46059FFC3FFEEFDCC90A13D1B99B5" box="[565,633,1481,1507]" country="Argentina" name="Colon" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="Entre Rios">Colon</location>
/
<date id="FFB51042FFC3FFEEFD7790A13D8699B5" box="[654,740,1481,1507]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1976-10">
<collectingDate id="EFF1E9AAFFC3FFEEFD7790A13D8699B5" box="[654,740,1481,1507]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="1976-10">X.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
, Kirschenhofer ”
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFC5690A13CD59A51" collectingDate="2014-02-15" collectingDateMax="2014-02-28" collectingDateMin="2014-02-15" collectionCode="MKPC" collectorName="U. Drechsel" country="Paraguay" latitude="-22.1" location="Laguna Blanca" longLatPrecision="1261" longitude="-57.716667" municipality="Estancia Estrella" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Concepcion">
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFC5690A13CBA99B2" box="[943,984,1481,1508]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFC3FFEEFC0290A13B2899B5" box="[1019,1098,1481,1507]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MKPC</collectionCode>
: “
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFC3FFEEFB9B90A13BAC99B5" box="[1122,1230,1481,1507]" name="Paraguay" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
, dept.
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFC3FFEEFAEF90A13AFE99B5" box="[1302,1436,1481,1507]" country="Paraguay" name="Concepcion" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Concepcion</collectingRegion>
/
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD0ACF8FFC3FFEEFF5F90853E039A51" box="[166,353,1517,1543]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Estancia Estrella</collectingMunicipality>
/
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F5045FFC3FFEEFE8F90853EB69A51" box="[374,468,1517,1543]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="925" value="-22.1">S22°06´</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F5045FFC3FFEEFE2690863D2E9A5E" box="[479,588,1517,1544]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="925" value="-57.716667">W 57°43´</geoCoordinate>
/
<date id="FFB51042FFC3FFEEFD9B90853C659A51" box="[610,775,1517,1544]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2014-02-27" valueMax="2014-02-28" valueMin="2014-02-27">
<collectingDate id="EFF1E9AAFFC3FFEEFD9B90853C659A51" box="[610,775,1517,1544]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2014-02-27" valueMax="2014-02-28" valueMin="2014-02-27">27.-28.II.2014</collectingDate>
</date>
”,
<collectorName id="26FE5354FFC3FFEEFCE490863CCB9A51" box="[797,937,1517,1544]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">U. Drechsel</collectorName>
”.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B633CDFFFC3FFEEFC4490853C1B9A7D" collectingDate="2014-02-15" collectingDateMax="2014-02-28" collectingDateMin="2014-02-15" collectionCode="MKPC" collectorName="U. Drechsel" country="Paraguay" latitude="-22.1" location="Laguna Blanca" longLatPrecision="1261" longitude="-57.716667" municipality="Estancia Estrella" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Concepcion">
<specimenCount id="9D0DFD0BFFC3FFEEFC4490853C859A5E" box="[957,999,1517,1544]" count="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
in
<collectionCode id="ED1AAE47FFC3FFEEFBF390853B3B9A51" box="[1034,1113,1517,1543]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">MKPC</collectionCode>
:
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFC3FFEEFB9190863BB29A5E" box="[1128,1232,1518,1544]" name="Paraguay" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
depto San Pedro /
<location id="8ED46059FFC3FFEEFF6E937A3E229A7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A28794FFC3FFEDFF6E962A3B579DDF:8ED46059FFC3FFEEFF6E937A3E229A7D" box="[151,320,1553,1580]" country="Paraguay" latitude="-22.1" longLatPrecision="1261" longitude="-57.716667" municipality="Estancia Estrella" name="Laguna Blanca" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" stateProvince="Concepcion">Laguna Blanca</location>
/
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F5045FFC3FFEEFEAF93793EDB9A7A" box="[342,441,1553,1580]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="925" value="-23.833334">S23° 50´</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3F5045FFC3FFEEFE4793793D4B9A7A" box="[446,553,1553,1580]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" precision="925" value="-56.333332">W56°20´</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFB51042FFC3FFEEFDCC93793DBA9A7D" box="[565,728,1553,1580]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2014-02-15" valueMax="2014-02-17" valueMin="2014-02-15">
<collectingDate id="EFF1E9AAFFC3FFEEFDCC93793DBA9A7D" box="[565,728,1553,1580]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="2014-02-15" valueMax="2014-02-17" valueMin="2014-02-15">15.-17.II.2014</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26FE5354FFC3FFEEFD1D937A3C129A7D" box="[740,880,1553,1580]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">U. Drechsel</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3116509FFC3FFEEFF3E935D3A039B71" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC3FFEEFF3E935D3B8E9B55" blockId="37.[151,1437,1193,2012]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF3E935D3EA79A19" bold="true" box="[199,453,1589,1615]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFE2A935D3D059A19" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" box="[467,615,1589,1615]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFE2A935D3D059A19" box="[467,615,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFD8F935E3DE59A19" box="[630,647,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFD64935E3C769A19" box="[669,788,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
c.
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFD4E935E3C769A19" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[695,788,1590,1615]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">cruciata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
markedly resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFBF9935E3BDF9A19" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1024,1213,1589,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifasciata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFBF9935E3B739A19" box="[1024,1041,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFBD1935E3B5B9A19" box="[1064,1081,1590,1615]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFBB6935D3BDF9A19" box="[1103,1213,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">bifasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFB1A935E3E289A25" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFB1A935E3FB79A25" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="aequinoctialis" subSpecies="sensu">P. aequinoctialis sensu</taxonomicName>
auctorum
</emphasis>
), being often confused with it both in collections and literature. Nevertheless, it may be distinguished by its wider, notably shorter and stouter-side elytra; in addition, the posteromedian black area is almost consistently of a mutually “chiropteran-like” shape with narrow “wings” (
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFC3FFEEFC2B93C93B559AED" box="[978,1079,1697,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 142147" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1916,1940]" captionTargetBox="[253,1343,428,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-246@38.[244,1354,421,1857]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 142147. Phaeoxantha (P.) cruciata cruciata (Brullé), from Argentina,; 142—habitus, ♂; 17,5 mm, Corrientes, LT (MNHN); 143—labels of the LT; 144145—mandibles: 144—♂, Entre Rios (CCJM); 145—♀, Buenos Aires (CCJM); 146147—labrum: 146—♂, Entre Rios (CCJM); 147—♀, Buenos Aires (CCJM). Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376648" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376648/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 142</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFC3FFEEFBBB93C93BC49AEA" box="[1090,1190,1697,1724]" captionStart="FIGURES 148150" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,321,1526]" captionTargetId="figure-17@39.[153,1434,308,1536]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 148150. Phaeoxantha (P.) c. cruciata (Brullé), from Argentina (CCJM). 148—habitus, ♂, 16 mm, Entre Rios; 149—ditto, aedeagus; 150—habitus, ♀, 16 mm, Buenos Aires. Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376650" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376650/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">148, 150</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFC3FFEEFB4B93C93B829AEA" box="[1202,1248,1697,1724]" captionStart="FIGURES 151157" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1650,1674]" captionTargetBox="[162,1425,196,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-30@40.[151,1436,181,1626]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 151157. Phaeoxantha (P.) c. cruciata (Brullé), from Argentina (CCJM). 151152—pronotum: 151—♀, Buenos Aires; 152—♂, Entre Rios; 153157—elytra: 153—♂, Entre Rios; 154—ditto, detail of surface; 155—mutual aspect, ♀, Bue- nos Aires; 156—left elytron, ♀, ibid.; 157—ditto, detail of surface. Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376652/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">155</figureCitation>
). Therefore, also females of
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFEED93AE3EB69A89" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[276,468,1733,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifasciata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFEED93AE3E479A89" box="[276,293,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFEC493AE3E2C9A89" box="[317,334,1734,1759]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFE9F93AD3EB69A89" box="[358,468,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">bifasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, particularly those whose elytra are less attenuated posteriad and sometimes possess a similar yet wider black pattern (
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFC3FFEEFE0593813DF89B52" box="[508,666,1769,1796]" captionStart="FIGURES 190201" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,192,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-17@49.[151,1436,181,1788]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 190201. Phaeoxantha (P.) bifasciata (Brullé).190196, 198201—elytra: 190—♀, Brazil, Teffe (CCJM); 191 192—ditto, details of surface; 193—♀, Brazil, Rio Solimoes (JWCW); 194196—Bolivia, Rio Cesarsama (JWCW): 194—♀; 195—♂; 196—ditto, surface detail; 197—♂, aedeagus; 198201—historical specimens ex Chaudoir (MNHN): 198—♀, as P. bifasciata; 199—ditto, surface detail; 200—♀, as “P. aequinoctialis”; 201—ditto, surface detail. Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376672" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376672/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs 194195</figureCitation>
), may be distinguished (apart from other characters).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC3FFEEFF3E92653A039B71" blockId="37.[151,1437,1193,2012]" box="[199,1377,1805,1832]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
Examined adults of
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFE5192663EDB9B71" box="[424,441,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFE2992663E839B71" box="[464,481,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFE0092663D129B71" box="[505,624,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
c.
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFDEA92663D129B71" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[531,624,1806,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">cruciata</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
are 15.5017.7 (LT 17.5) mm long, 6.707.30 (LT 7.30) mm wide.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3116509FFC3FFEDFF3E92593B579DDF" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB43682FFC3FFEDFF3E92593B579DDF" blockId="37.[151,1437,1193,2012]" lastBlockId="38.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFF3E92593E3B9B1D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1841,1867]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Distribution</emphasis>
. The nominotypical subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFD1892593C179B1D" authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1850" box="[737,885,1841,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFD1892593C179B1D" box="[737,885,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Phaeoxantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC3FFEEFC8592593B699B1D" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[892,1035,1841,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
(
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFC7C925A3CF49B1D" box="[901,918,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC3FFEEFC57925A3B699B1D" box="[942,1035,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">cruciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from the large area of the Rio de la Plata Basin. Apart from the Argentinean province Corientes (
<typeStatus id="54B08820FFC3FFEEFC51923D3CB89B39" box="[936,986,1877,1903]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">type</typeStatus>
locality), the other examined specimens come from the Argentinean province of Entre Rios.
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC3FFEEFD2792113CEE9BC5" author="Wiesner, J." box="[734,908,1913,1939]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="285 - 325" refId="ref34885" refString="Wiesner, J. (2000) The Tiger Beetles of Paraguay (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cicindelidae). 67 .. Contribution towards the knowledge of Cicindelidae. Coleoptera, 4, 285 - 325." type="journal article" year="2000">Wiesner (2000)</bibRefCitation>
listed it also from
<collectingCountry id="F31C7612FFC3FFEEFBA292123BA19BC2" box="[1115,1219,1914,1940]" name="Paraguay" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
(provinces of
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFC3FFEEFA9D92113F939BE1" country="Paraguay" name="Concepcion" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Concepción</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFC3FFEEFF0592F53E209BE1" box="[252,322,1949,1975]" country="Paraguay" name="Itapua" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Itapúa</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFC3FFEEFE8092F53E929BE1" box="[377,496,1949,1975]" country="Paraguay" name="San Pedro" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">San Pedro</collectingRegion>
). The illustrated male specimen from Conception (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC3FFEEFBD092F53BAB9BE1" author="Wiesner, J." box="[1065,1225,1949,1975]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="285 - 325" refId="ref34885" refString="Wiesner, J. (2000) The Tiger Beetles of Paraguay (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cicindelidae). 67 .. Contribution towards the knowledge of Cicindelidae. Coleoptera, 4, 285 - 325." type="journal article" year="2000">Wiesner 2000</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4) is in accordance with the examined and above-listed specimens from
<collectingRegion id="49CFF860FFC3FFEEFCDD92A93CCC9B8D" box="[804,942,1985,2011]" country="Paraguay" name="Concepcion" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Concepcion</collectingRegion>
. On the other hand, the photograph of a male presented by
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC0FFEDFED395FF3DEA9CE7" author="Wiesner, J. &amp; Bandinelli, A." box="[298,648,151,177]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref34922" refString="Wiesner, J. &amp; Bandinelli, A. (2014) Notes on the tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) of Argentina. 117. Contribution towards the knowledge of Cicindelidae. Insecta Mundi, 0377, 1 - 66." type="book chapter" year="2014">Wiesner &amp; Bandinelli (2014: 4)</bibRefCitation>
as “
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC0FFEDFD4E95FF3CF09CE6" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[695,914,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cruciata" subSpecies="cruciata">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFD4E95FF3CF09CE6" box="[695,914,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">P. cruciata cruciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” shows in fact a male of
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC0FFEDFB5E95FF3A069CE7" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1191,1380,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifasciata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFB5E95FF3BDA9CE6" box="[1191,1208,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFB3695FF3B829CE6" box="[1231,1248,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFB0F95FF3A069CE7" box="[1270,1380,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">bifasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The authors were probably influenced by the records of
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC0FFEDFD1895D33CF39C82" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[737,913,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Phaeoxantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFD1895D33D909C82" box="[737,754,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFCF395D33C799C82" box="[778,795,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFCCD95D33CF39C82" box="[820,913,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">cruciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Bolivian localities in the departments of Chuquisaca and Santa Cruz including Rio Seco by Person
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFCDF95B73C3C9CAF" box="[806,862,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
(1999a), which were evidently based on misidentified specimens. Examined specimens (COSJ) from some of the localities from Machareti near Villamontes in the Bolivian department of Chuquisaca (
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFC0FFEDFDC1944F3DBB9D17" box="[568,729,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 212220" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,194,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-17@51.[151,1436,181,1819]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 212220. Phaeoxantha (P.) bifasciata (Brullé), Bolivia. 212—pronotum, ♂, Cabezas (COSJ); 213—ditto, surface detail; 214218—elytra: 214—♂, Mchareti (COSJ); 215—ditto, surface detail; 216—♀, Buena Vista (JWCW); 217218—dit- to, surface detail. 219220—male aedeagus: 219—Mchareti (COSJ); 220—Cabezaz (COSJ); Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376676" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10376676/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 214, 219</figureCitation>
), as well as those from Rio Seco near Cabezas in the Bolivian department of Santa Cruz (
<figureCitation id="13302A07FFC0FFEDFE3994233DF69D33" box="[448,660,331,357]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 202211" captionStart-1="FIGURES 212220" captionStartId-0="50.[151,264,1867,1891]" captionStartId-1="51.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox-0="[158,1430,189,1840]" captionTargetBox-1="[161,1426,194,1806]" captionTargetId-0="figure-30@50.[151,1436,181,1844]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@51.[151,1436,181,1819]" captionTargetPageId-0="50" captionTargetPageId-1="51" captionText-0="FIGURES 202211. Phaeoxantha (P.) bifasciata (Brullé), from Cabezas, Bolivia (COSJ). 202—habitus, ♂, 15.3 mm; 203— mandibles, ♂; 204205—labrum: 204—♂; 205—♀; 206—maxillae, ♂; 207211—elytra: 207208—♂♂; 209—♀; 210 ♂; 211—ditto, surface detail. Bars = 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 212220. Phaeoxantha (P.) bifasciata (Brullé), Bolivia. 212—pronotum, ♂, Cabezas (COSJ); 213—ditto, surface detail; 214218—elytra: 214—♂, Mchareti (COSJ); 215—ditto, surface detail; 216—♀, Buena Vista (JWCW); 217218—dit- to, surface detail. 219220—male aedeagus: 219—Mchareti (COSJ); 220—Cabezaz (COSJ); Bars = 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376674" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376676" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10376674/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10376676/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 202213, 220</figureCitation>
, proved to be in fact
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC0FFEDFC8194233BBB9D33" authority="(Brulle, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Brulle" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[888,1241,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bifasciata" subGenus="Phaeoxantha">
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFC8194233CEB9D32" box="[888,905,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">P</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFC5994233CD39D32" box="[928,945,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">P</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFC3E94233B579D33" box="[967,1077,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">bifasciata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC0FFEDFBBA94233BB29D33" author="Brulle, A." box="[1091,1232,331,357]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref32215" refString="Brulle, A. (1837) Insectes de l'Amerique meridionale recueillis par Alcide d'Orbigny et decrits par Emile Blanchard et Auguste Brulle. In: Voyage dans l'Amerique meridionale 6 (2 e Partie: Insectes). P. Bertrand, Paris [&amp;] V. Levrault, Strasbourg, pp. 1 - 56" type="book chapter" year="1837">Brullé, 1837</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C0B4D01FFC0FFEDFB1E94233EFA9DDF" authority="sensu Fleutiaux (1894)" authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Megacephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aequinoctialis">
=
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFB0794233FB79DDE" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">aequinoctialis sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9A4B73FFC0FFEDFF2594073EFA9DDF" author="Fleutiaux, E." box="[220,408,367,393]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="24 - 28" refId="ref32958" refString="Fleutiaux, E. (1894) Note sur les coleopteres Cicindelides du genre Phaeoxantha Chaudoir. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 18, 24 - 28." type="journal article" year="1894">Fleutiaux (1894)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B97FEA90FFC0FFEDFE3794073D849DDE" box="[462,742,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">sensu auctorum partim</emphasis>
) see under the taxon below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>