256 lines
34 KiB
XML
256 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="343902A3A759B18B8B503EA3259D0025" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5277519" ID-ISSN="0253-116X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5277519" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1629969639467" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Šifner, František & R, Czech" docDate="2018" docId="03E787B82057FFEEFECDFF73DE6DF380" docLanguage="en" docName="LinzerbiolBeitr.2018.50.2.1635-1655.pdf" docOrigin="Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0.9:LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleId="24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0" docStyleName="LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Scathophagidae Robineau-Desvoidy 1830" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="1637" masterDocId="FFDEFFC02056FFECFFBCFFA4DA4AF172" masterDocTitle="Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species" masterLastPageNumber="1655" masterPageNumber="1635" pageNumber="1636" updateTime="1700167139784" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A7DF4DBA69B7879D758CA79DFBD34E46">
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<mods:title id="3CB21B2D794E8704E0D406D1E39120EF">Annotated checklist of the family Scathophagidae (Diptera) in Central Europe, with new faunistics data on some species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E9E1549D86CAC719574550E097C6C762">Šifner, František</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FFAF4321388951974CF1A9829841AF90">R, Czech</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="470EE2DE530CC78DDDDAE7797B79D32A">Linzer biologische Beiträge</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="38A22F750FA658C1129CE07A6C29B889">
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<mods:date id="02939C60D51B0F566608AFBA87B0C3BD">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9BC5DC9A103777B6D8A04CC7BDC12C8E">2018-12-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B13F8EDE2244CA7EBD4AA6464EE806D2">50</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1976A6CF392766EC1F657C9795B4D12C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5277519</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A1CAEE5B343979E4F5E0747E2ABD48A0" type="ISSN">0253-116X</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="81B8A2F4D1EA245880E7F44C0CE07766" type="Zenodo-Dep">5277519</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E787B82057FFEEFECDFF73DE6DF380" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787B82057FFEEFECDFF73DE6DF380" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E787B82057FFEEFECDFF73DE6DF380" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="1637" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">
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<subSubSection id="C35465252057FFEDFECDFF73D937F19D" box="[369,893,215,239]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF136AE2057FFEDFECDFF73D937F19D" blockId="1.[369,893,215,239]" box="[369,893,215,239]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">
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<heading id="D0B981C22057FFEDFECDFF73D937F19D" bold="true" box="[369,893,215,239]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFECDFF73D937F19D" bold="true" box="[369,893,215,239]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">
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The family
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFE4FFF73D8E2F19D" ID-CoL="FZX" ID-ENA="43756" authorityName="Robineau-Desvoidy" authorityYear="1830" box="[499,680,215,239]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scathophagidae</taxonomicName>
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in Central Europe
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35465252057FFEEFF0EFEAEDE6DF380" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="1637" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF136AE2057FFEDFF0EFEAED9B1F34A" blockId="1.[178,1086,266,568]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Although speialized species might disappear in the course of time, but some of them survived in isolated, ecologically suitable habitats. Position of the zoogeographical boundary between the Hercynian Mts. and Western Carpathians, makes possible the penetration of the Carpahian species more westwards and vice versa. Especially the transition zone of deciduous forests to Pannonian steppes makes possible the spreading of species between Central Europe and the mountains of Balkan. In the territory of the Central Europe the presence of boreal and boreo-montane species is very important. These species are remnants of the last glacial or early postglacial period, being dependent on expansion of the tajga or to some later cold periods; they inhabit higher mountain altitudes, peat bogs or localities with cold microclimate in mixed forest. Many of them have been found in limited areas of the Alps, Carpathians or Hercynian mountains.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF136AE2057FFEDFF0EFDE3D8A2F22F" blockId="1.[178,1085,582,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFF0EFDE3DBF6F32E" author="BERNASCONI M & PAWLOWSKI J & VALSANGIACOMO C & PIFFARELI J" box="[178,444,582,604]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="308 - 315" refId="ref13608" refString="BERNASCONI M. V., PAWLOWSKI J., VALSANGIACOMO C., PIFFARELI J. - C. & P. I. WARD (2000): Phylogeny of the Scathophagidae (Diptera, Calyptratae) based on mitochodrial DNA sequences. - Molecular Phyl ogenetics and Evolution 16: 308 - 315." type="journal article" year="2000">BERNASCONI et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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addressed the problems of phylogeny by carying out analysis based on COI and Cytb sequences, and they confirmed the monophyly of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFF0EFDDBDB18F3E7" box="[178,338,639,661]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scathophagidae</taxonomicName>
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within the limits of the muscoid families. The family
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFC20FDDBDE77F3E7" box="[924,1085,639,661]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scathophagidae</taxonomicName>
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was considered by some authors as characteristic family of the northern part of the Palaearctic Region (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFE3FFD1CD840F3BF" author="BECKER T" box="[387,522,696,718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="77 - 196" refId="ref13532" refString="BECKER T. (1894): Dipterologische Studien. I. Scatomyzidae. - Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 39: 77 - 196." type="journal article" year="1894">Becker 1894</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFDA4FD1CD8C2F3BC" author="SACK P" box="[536,648,696,718]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" refId="ref14807" refString="SACK P. (1937): 62 a. Cordyluridae. - In: L INDNER E. (ed.), Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region. Vol. 7. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung (Erwin Nagele), Stuttgart, 103 pp + 6 pls." type="book" year="1937">Sack 1937</bibRefCitation>
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). Howerer, the data on the distribution of some species including discoveries of new species from the southwards areas namely in the Mediterranean subregion do not confirme Becker’s conclusion. In the areas of the Mediterranean Sea are presented 12 species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFD38FCADD940F256" author="SIFNER F" box="[644,778,777,804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="111 - 196" refId="ref15162" refString="SIFNER F. (2008): A catalogue of the Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic region, with notes on their taxonomy and faunistics. - Acta Entomologica Mus ei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1): 111 - 196." type="journal article" year="2008">ŠIFNER 2008</bibRefCitation>
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), from the Iberian Penninsula 11 species (CARLES-
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFE36FC8FD85BF232" author="TOLRA M" box="[394,529,809,832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="57 - 160" refId="ref13665" refString="CARLES- TOLRA M. (2006): Datos faunisticos de escatofagidos ibericos (Diptera: Scathophagidae). - Heteropteru s Revista de Entomologia 6: 57 - 160." type="journal article" year="2006">TOLRÁ 2006</bibRefCitation>
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), and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFDEBFC8EDE40F232" authority="(FALLEN, 1819)" baseAuthorityName="FALLEN" baseAuthorityYear="1819" box="[599,1034,809,832]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Norellisoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinimanum">
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<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFDEBFC8ED911F232" box="[599,859,810,832]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Norellisoma spinimanum</emphasis>
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(FALLÉN, 1819)
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</taxonomicName>
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was presently confirmed in
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<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFE22FCE3DBADF22F" box="[414,487,839,861]" name="Turkey" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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(EREN & OZEROV 2017).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF136AE2057FFEDFF0EFCCFD8B6F75C" blockId="1.[178,1085,875,1582]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">
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The number of species identified in the individual countries of the Central Europe depends on the level of faunistic and taxonomic research. According to the checklists or catalogues of the particular countries, the numbers of species are following:
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<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFC02FC00DE42F2C8" box="[958,1032,932,954]" name="Austria" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Austria</collectingCountry>
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with 66 species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFE95FC65DBE6F2A5" author="FRANZ H" box="[297,428,961,983]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" refId="ref13805" refString="FRANZ H. (1989): Die Nordost-Alpen in Spiegel ihrer Landtierwelt. Band 6 / 2. Eine Gebietsmonography, umfassend Fauna, Faunengeschichte, Lebensgemeinschaften der Tierwelt durch den Menschen. Universitatsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck, 445 pp." type="book" year="1989">FRANZ 1989</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFE02FC65D815F2A5" box="[446,607,961,983]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
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with 68 species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFCAFFC18D9D2F2A5" author="SIFNER F" box="[787,920,956,983]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="1 - 90" refId="ref15116" refString="SIFNER F. (2003): The family Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Czech and Slovak Republics (with notes on selected Palaearctic taxa). - Acta Musei Nationa lis Pragae, Series B - Historia Naturalis 59: 1 - 90." type="journal article" year="2003">ŠIFNER 2003</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFC16FC65DE42F2A4" box="[938,1032,961,982]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Germany</collectingCountry>
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with 58 species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFE94FC7ADBFCF286" author="PUCHEL F" box="[296,438,988,1012]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="1 - 354" refId="ref14721" refString="PUCHEL F. (1999): Scathophagidae. Pp. 186 - 187. - In: S CHUMANN H., BAHRMANN R. & A. STARK (eds), Checkliste der Dipteren Deutschlands. Studia Dipterologica, Supplement 2: 1 - 354." type="journal article" year="1999">PÜCHEL 1999</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFE74FC7AD86BF281" box="[456,545,990,1011]" name="Hungary" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Hungary</collectingCountry>
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with 40 species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFD6DFC7AD908F281" author="PAPP L" box="[721,834,989,1011]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="221 - 228" refId="ref14623" refString="PAPP L. (2006): New records of Diptera species from Hungary, with the list of Hungarian Scathophagidae. - Folia Entomologica Hungarica 67: 221 - 228." type="journal article" year="2006">PAPP 2006</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFCE8FC79D9D0F281" box="[852,922,989,1011]" name="Poland" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Poland</collectingCountry>
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with 74 species (DRABER-
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFEAAFC5FDBEFF562" author="MONKO A" box="[278,421,1017,1040]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="231 - 233" refId="ref13696" refString="DRABER- MONKO A. (1991): Scathophagidae. Pp. 231 - 233. - In: R AKOWSKI J. (ed.): Wykaz zwierzat Polski. [Checklist of animals of Poland]. Vol. 2. WPN Osolineum. Wroclaw - Warszawa - Krakow, 342 pp (in Polish)." type="book chapter" year="1991">MOŃKO 1991</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFE05FC5ED858F562" box="[441,530,1018,1040]" name="Slovakia" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
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with 54 species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFD75FC51D905F562" author="SIFNER F" box="[713,847,1013,1040]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="1 - 90" refId="ref15116" refString="SIFNER F. (2003): The family Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Czech and Slovak Republics (with notes on selected Palaearctic taxa). - Acta Musei Nationa lis Pragae, Series B - Historia Naturalis 59: 1 - 90." type="journal article" year="2003">ŠIFNER 2003</bibRefCitation>
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), and
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<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFC33FC5EDE42F562" box="[911,1032,1018,1040]" name="Switzerland" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
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with 43 species (MERZ & BÄCHLI 1998). Altogether 166 species are known to occur in whole Europe (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFEB0FB8ADBD8F53B" author="SIFNER F" box="[268,402,1070,1097]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="111 - 196" refId="ref15162" refString="SIFNER F. (2008): A catalogue of the Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic region, with notes on their taxonomy and faunistics. - Acta Entomologica Mus ei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1): 111 - 196." type="journal article" year="2008">ŠIFNER 2008</bibRefCitation>
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), and 118 species in 42 genera occur in Central Europe. Only 19 species (16.1%) are common to all countries of Central Europe:
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFC34FBF4DB17F5F0" authority="(BECKER, 1894)" baseAuthorityName="BECKER" baseAuthorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Americina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="media">
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<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFC34FBF4DE77F517" box="[904,1085,1104,1125]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Americina media</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFF06FBC8DB1CF5F0" author="BECKER T" box="[186,342,1132,1154]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="77 - 196" refId="ref13532" refString="BECKER T. (1894): Dipterologische Studien. I. Scatomyzidae. - Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 39: 77 - 196." type="journal article" year="1894">BECKER, 1894</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFED2FBC8D8C3F5F0" authority="(MEIGEN, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="MEIGEN" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[366,649,1132,1154]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Americina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vittata">
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<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFED2FBC8DB98F5F0" box="[366,466,1132,1154]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">A. vittata</emphasis>
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||
(MEIGEN, 1826)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFD27FBC9DABAF5ED" authority="(ZETTERSTEDT, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Microprosopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
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<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFD27FBC9D9DFF5F3" box="[667,917,1132,1154]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Microprosopa filiformis</emphasis>
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(ZETTERSTEDT, 1838)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFEB8FB2DD8E2F5ED" authority="(FALLEN, 1819)" baseAuthorityName="FALLEN" baseAuthorityYear="1819" box="[260,680,1159,1183]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Amaurosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
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<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFEB8FB2DDBA1F5EC" box="[260,491,1161,1182]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Amaurosoma flavipes</emphasis>
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(FALLÉN, 1819)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFD02FB2DDE73F5ED" authority="(ZETTERSTEDT, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[702,1081,1161,1183]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Amaurosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibiellum">
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<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFD02FB2DD975F5EC" box="[702,831,1161,1182]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">A. tibiellum</emphasis>
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(ZETTERSTEDT, 1838)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFF0EFB01D872F5C9" authority="(MEIGEN, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="MEIGEN" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[178,568,1189,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Cleigastra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
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<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFF0EFB01DB31F5C8" box="[178,379,1189,1210]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Cleigastra apicalis</emphasis>
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(MEIGEN, 1826)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFDF7FB01D9F6F5C9" authority="(MEIGEN, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="MEIGEN" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[587,956,1189,1211]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Cordilura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ciliata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFDF7FB01D94AF5C8" box="[587,768,1189,1210]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Cordilura ciliata</emphasis>
|
||
(MEIGEN, 1826)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFC73FB02DB15F5AA" authority="(MEIGEN, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="MEIGEN" baseAuthorityYear="1826" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Cordilura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFC73FB02DE77F5C9" box="[975,1085,1190,1211]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">C. picipes</emphasis>
|
||
(MEIGEN, 1826)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFECFFB66D8D7F5AA" authority="(MEIGEN, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="MEIGEN" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[371,669,1218,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Cordilura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFECFFB66DBAAF5A5" box="[371,480,1218,1239]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">C. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||
(MEIGEN, 1826)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFD0DFB66DE73F5AA" authority="FABRICIUS, 1805" authorityName="FABRICIUS" authorityYear="1805" box="[689,1081,1218,1240]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Phrosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albilabris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFD0DFB66D939F5A5" box="[689,883,1218,1239]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Phrosia albilabris</emphasis>
|
||
FABRICIUS, 1805
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFF0EFB7ADBE0F586" baseAuthorityName="FALLEN" baseAuthorityYear="1819" box="[178,426,1246,1268]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Norellisoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinimanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFF0EFB7ADBE0F586" box="[178,426,1246,1268]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Norellisoma spinimanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFE00FB7BD8A4F586" authority="(MEIGEN, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="MEIGEN" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[444,750,1246,1268]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Norellisoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striolatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFE00FB7BD80AF581" box="[444,576,1246,1268]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">N. striolatum</emphasis>
|
||
(MEIGEN, 1826)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFD40FB7ADAA5F463" authority="(FALLEN, 1819)" baseAuthorityName="FALLEN" baseAuthorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Parallelomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFD40FB7AD992F581" box="[764,984,1246,1267]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Parallelomma albipes</emphasis>
|
||
(FALLÉN, 1819)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFF43FB5FD8C8F463" authority="(MEIGEN, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="MEIGEN" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[255,642,1275,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Chaetosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFF43FB5FDB86F463" box="[255,460,1275,1297]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Chaetosa punctipes</emphasis>
|
||
(MEIGEN, 1826)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFD2EFB5FDE72F463" authority="(MEIGEN, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="MEIGEN" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[658,1080,1275,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Trichopalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraternus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFD2EFB5FD9C8F462" box="[658,898,1275,1296]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Trichopalpus fraternus</emphasis>
|
||
(MEIGEN, 1826)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFF0EFAB3D804F45F" authority="(MEIGEN, 1826)" baseAuthorityName="MEIGEN" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[178,590,1303,1325]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Scathophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cineraria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFF0EFAB3DBD7F45F" box="[178,413,1303,1325]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Scathophaga cineraria</emphasis>
|
||
(MEIGEN, 1826)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFDE0FABCD901F45C" authority="(SAY, 1823)" baseAuthorityName="SAY" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[604,843,1303,1326]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Scathophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFDE0FABCD88BF45E" box="[604,705,1303,1325]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">S. furcata</emphasis>
|
||
(SAY, 1823)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFCE4FABCDAA7F438" authority="(FABRICIUS, 1794)" baseAuthorityName="FABRICIUS" baseAuthorityYear="1794" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Scathophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFCE4FABCD9F0F45E" box="[856,954,1303,1325]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">S. lutaria</emphasis>
|
||
(FABRICIUS, 1794)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2057FFEDFE9DFA90D838F438" authority="(LINNAEUS, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[289,626,1332,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Scathophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stercoraria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEABC2057FFEDFE9DFA90DBE4F438" box="[289,430,1332,1354]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">S. stercoraria</emphasis>
|
||
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, new faunistic discoveries as well as descriptions of newly discovered species from Central Europe promise an increase to 120 or 130 species. Considering the newly published records, the actual numbers of species in individual coutries of the Central Europe are following: from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFC70FA2DDE5DF4ED" box="[972,1047,1417,1439]" name="Austria" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Austria</collectingCountry>
|
||
69 species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFEB1FA02DBE9F4CE" author="OZEROV A" box="[269,419,1446,1468]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="81 - 89" refId="ref14362" refString="OZEROV A. L. (2013): Decription of five new species and notes on taxonomy of Scathophagidae (Diptera). - Ru ssian Entomological Journal 22 (1): 81 - 89." type="journal article" year="2013">OZEROV 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFDA3FA02D88EF4CE" box="[543,708,1446,1468]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
89 species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFCF3FA05D99DF4C9" author="SIFNER F" box="[847,983,1441,1468]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="111 - 196" refId="ref15162" refString="SIFNER F. (2008): A catalogue of the Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic region, with notes on their taxonomy and faunistics. - Acta Entomologica Mus ei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1): 111 - 196." type="journal article" year="2008">ŠIFNER 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFC59FA02DE62F4CE" author="SIFNER F" box="[997,1064,1446,1468]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="293 - 295" refId="ref15206" refString="SIFNER F. (2009 a): Additions and corrections to the catalogue of the Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Palaearctic region. - Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 49 (1): 293 - 295." type="journal article" year="2009">2009a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,b, 2011a,b, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016a,b,c) from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFDCAFA67D89EF4AA" box="[630,724,1475,1496]" name="Germany" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
59 species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFCEFFA67D9A5F4AA" author="SCHACHT W" box="[851,1007,1475,1496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="229 - 236" refId="ref14856" refString="SCHACHT W. (2003): Weitere Nachtrage und Korrekturen zu " Zweiflugler aus Bayern " (Diptera: Mycetobiidae, Stratiomyidae, Hilaromorphidae, Conopidae, Micropezidae, Sciomyzidae, Drosophilidae, Scatophagidae, Fanniidae). - Entomo fauna 24 (16): 229 - 236." type="journal article" year="2003">SCHACHT 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, STUKE & SCHACHT 2009,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFE38FA44D877F487" author="KASSEBEER C" box="[388,573,1503,1525]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="152 - 154" refId="ref13897" refString="KASSEBEER C. F. (2016): Drei neue Dungfliegen (Diptera, Scathophagidae) fur die Fauna Deutschlands. - Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte 60: 152 - 154." type="journal article" year="2016">KASSEBEER 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFD2FFA44D8A6F487" box="[659,748,1504,1525]" name="Hungary" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Hungary</collectingCountry>
|
||
40 species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFCC0FA7BD9B9F487" author="PAPP L" box="[892,1011,1503,1525]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="221 - 228" refId="ref14623" refString="PAPP L. (2006): New records of Diptera species from Hungary, with the list of Hungarian Scathophagidae. - Folia Entomologica Hungarica 67: 221 - 228." type="journal article" year="2006">PAPP 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFF0EFA58DAB2F760" box="[178,248,1532,1554]" name="Poland" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
67 species (DRABER-
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFE68FA58D829F760" author="MONKO A" box="[468,611,1530,1554]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="231 - 233" refId="ref13696" refString="DRABER- MONKO A. (1991): Scathophagidae. Pp. 231 - 233. - In: R AKOWSKI J. (ed.): Wykaz zwierzat Polski. [Checklist of animals of Poland]. Vol. 2. WPN Osolineum. Wroclaw - Warszawa - Krakow, 342 pp (in Polish)." type="book chapter" year="1991">MOŃKO 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFD12FA58D94DF760" box="[686,775,1532,1554]" name="Slovakia" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
|
||
64 species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2057FFEDFC3AFA53DE40F760" author="SIFNER F" box="[902,1034,1527,1554]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636" pagination="1 - 90" refId="ref15116" refString="SIFNER F. (2003): The family Scathophagidae (Diptera) of the Czech and Slovak Republics (with notes on selected Palaearctic taxa). - Acta Musei Nationa lis Pragae, Series B - Historia Naturalis 59: 1 - 90." type="journal article" year="2003">ŠIFNER 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359763E2057FFEDFF55F9BCDB28F75C" box="[233,354,1560,1582]" name="Switzerland" pageId="1" pageNumber="1636">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
|
||
46 species (OZEROV 2008, 2010, 2013).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136AE2054FFEEFF0EFF7EDE6DF380" blockId="2.[178,1085,218,754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1637">
|
||
The areas of the Central Europe and its specific habitats are only partially explored, depending on attractiveness of particular areas, combined with their accessibility. The mountain systems, such as the Alps, West and East Carpathians and Hercynians are very important for the penetrantion of cold-loving moutain species in the east–west direction (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2054FFEEFF60FEE3DB28F010" author="SIFNER F" box="[220,354,327,354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1637" pagination="261 - 280" refId="ref15080" refString="SIFNER F. (1977): Les especes de la famille Scathophagidae (Diptera) dans le systeme Alpe- Carpatien. - Prace S lovenskej Entomologickej Spolocnosti pri SAV 1: 261 - 280." type="journal article" year="1977">ŠIFNER 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), some of them have apparently boreo-alpine distribution, which gives possibility of incipient speciation. The adults occur in sheltered and moist habitats of various
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F5880C2054FFEEFEBFFE22DB71F0E9" box="[259,315,390,411]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1637">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, from wet lowlands to mountain meadows, marches, peat-bogs, seasonal as well as permanent water courses, pools, riparian woodlands etc. The adults are predators hunting small insects, whilst some are coprophagous and perhaps saprophagous. The flying activity of adults in open space is very limited (only overflying), they hunt their prey furtively among the lower parts of vegetation, and may be captured only by pedestrian sweeping or by individual catching with a net, by use of Malaise traps placed to the ground and by use of yellow pan traps; the efficiency of yellow pan traps may by influenced by flowering plants (ŠIFNER 2011). The larvae are phytophagous-mining in leaves or stems, other larvae are predaceous or saprophagous, living in soil or stagnant and running water.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2054FFEEFEE9FD23D866F3EE" author="KUTTY S & BERNASCONI M & SIFNER F" box="[341,556,646,668]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1637" pagination="64 - 83" refId="ref13930" refString="KUTTY S. N., BERNASCONI M. V., SIFNER F. & R. MEIER (2007): Sensitivity analysis, molecular systemetics and natural history evolution of Scathophagidae (Dipera: Cyclorrhapha: Calyptratae). - Cladistics 23: 64 - 83." type="journal article" year="2007">KUTTY et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
demonstrate that phytophagy in the form of leaf mining is the ancestral larval feeding habit for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D2D2054FFEEFD16FD07D900F3CB" box="[682,842,675,697]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="1637" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scathophagidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and from phytophagy, two shifts to saprophagy are one shift to predation have occured while another origin of predation is from a saprophagous ancestor (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2054FFEEFDEAFD78D90BF383" author="BERNASCONI M & PAWLOWSKI J & VALSANGIACOMO C & PIFFARELI J" box="[598,833,732,754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1637" pagination="308 - 315" refId="ref13608" refString="BERNASCONI M. V., PAWLOWSKI J., VALSANGIACOMO C., PIFFARELI J. - C. & P. I. WARD (2000): Phylogeny of the Scathophagidae (Diptera, Calyptratae) based on mitochodrial DNA sequences. - Molecular Phyl ogenetics and Evolution 16: 308 - 315." type="journal article" year="2000">BERNASCONI et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B5F2054FFEEFCD4FD78DE57F380" author="KUTTY S & BERNASCONI M & SIFNER F" box="[872,1053,732,754]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1637" pagination="64 - 83" refId="ref13930" refString="KUTTY S. N., BERNASCONI M. V., SIFNER F. & R. MEIER (2007): Sensitivity analysis, molecular systemetics and natural history evolution of Scathophagidae (Dipera: Cyclorrhapha: Calyptratae). - Cladistics 23: 64 - 83." type="journal article" year="2007">KUTTY et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |