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<mods:title id="308A2951F83A8693C0B9BBB0DD019A93">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039287A19531FFD6CFF758F6FDE926F6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4697740" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181006960" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4697740" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A19531FFD6CFF758F6FDE926F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287A19531FFD6CFF758F6FDE926F6" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<subSubSection id="C321653C9531FFD6CFF758F6FCFC237B" box="[151,773,762,789]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79531FFD6CFF758F6FCFC237B" blockId="88.[151,1437,762,1689]" box="[151,773,762,789]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<heading id="D0CC81DB9531FFD6CFF758F6FCFC237B" bold="true" box="[151,773,762,789]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CFF758F6FCFC237B" ID-CoL="ZS3S" ID-ENA="906896" authority="(von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923)" baseAuthorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[151,773,762,789]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CFF758F6FCFC237B" bold="true" box="[151,773,762,789]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CFF758F6FE43237A" bold="true" box="[151,442,762,789]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Cruriraja parcomaculata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CEA858F7FD05237B" author="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B." box="[456,764,762,789]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. &quot; Pickle &quot;. University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9531FFD6CFF75912FE812356" box="[151,376,799,825]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79531FFD6CFF75912FE812356" blockId="88.[151,1437,762,1689]" box="[151,376,799,825]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Triangular Legskate</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9531FFD6CFF7594EFDCF253A" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79531FFD6CFF7594EFD8523EE" blockId="88.[151,1437,762,1689]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69531FFD6CFF7594EFC9A2332" box="[151,867,835,861]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CFF7594EFD332332" ID-CoL="6WRL6" authority="von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923: 9" authorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" authorityPageNumber="9" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,714,835,861]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CFF7594EFE842332" box="[151,381,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Raia parcomaculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CEE3594EFD332332" author="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B." box="[387,714,835,861]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. &quot; Pickle &quot;. University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923: 9</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 2, pl. 21
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="548088159531FFD6CC0F594EFC232332" box="[879,986,835,861]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
: (several)
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9531FFD6CB2E594EFB022332" box="[1102,1275,834,861]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">BMNH 1935.7</specimenCode>
.14.1 (1). Type locality:
<collectingRegion id="49FFF8559531FFD6CE49596AFE2523EE" box="[297,476,871,897]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279531FFD6CE86596AFD8123EE" box="[486,632,871,897]" name="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">South Africa</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79531FFD6CFF75986FDCF253A" blockId="88.[151,1437,762,1689]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CFF75986FEA023CA" bold="true" box="[151,345,907,933]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Local synonymy</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CE085986FDB223CA" ID-CoL="6X3BT" authority=": von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923: 9" authorityName=": von Bonde &amp; Swart" authorityPageNumber="9" authorityYear="1923" box="[360,587,907,933]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CE085986FDB223CA" box="[360,587,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Raja parcomaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69531FFD6CD395986FBD723CA" box="[601,1070,907,933]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CD395986FC6323CA" author="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B." box="[601,922,907,933]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. &quot; Pickle &quot;. University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923: 9</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 2, pl. 21
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CB595986FAFD23CA" author="Norman" box="[1081,1284,906,933]" firstAuthor="Norman" page="46" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 58" refId="ref110714" refString="Norman, J. R. (1935) Coast fishes, Part. I. The South Atlantic. ' Discovery' Reports, 12, 1 - 58." type="journal article" year="1935">Norman, 1935: 46</bibRefCitation>
(KZN,
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279531FFD6CA3B5986FEEA23A5" name="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">South Africa</collectingCountry>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CE4459A2FE3323A6" authority=": Barnard, 1925: 68" authorityName=": Barnard" authorityPageNumber="68" authorityYear="1925" box="[292,458,943,969]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miraletus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CE4459A2FE3323A6" box="[292,458,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Raia miraletus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69531FFD6CEB859A2FD5A23A6" box="[472,675,942,969]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CEB859A2FD5A23A6" author="Barnard" box="[472,675,942,969]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="68" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 418" refId="ref92438" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418." type="journal article" year="1925">Barnard, 1925: 68</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part, for types of
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CCF059A2FBA023A6" ID-CoL="6X3BT" authorityName=": von Bonde &amp; Swart" authorityYear="1923" box="[912,1113,943,969]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CCF059A2FBA023A6" box="[912,1113,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">C. parcomaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CB1159A2FAC423A6" author="Fowler" box="[1137,1341,942,969]" firstAuthor="Fowler" page="375" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 879" refId="ref101290" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1941) The fishes of the groups Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, Isospondyli, and Ostarophysi obtained by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries streamer &quot; Albatross &quot; in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Bulletin United States National Museum, 100, 1 - 879." type="journal article" year="1941">Fowler, 1941: 375</bibRefCitation>
(in part, KZN,
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279531FFD6CE6E59DEFE5B2381" box="[270,418,979,1006]" name="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">South Africa</collectingCountry>
), also including
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CD3D59DEFB8A2382" ID-CoL="6WRL6" authority="von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923" authorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" authorityYear="1923" baseAuthorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[605,1139,979,1005]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Raia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CD3D59DEFCBA2382" box="[605,835,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Raia parcomaculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CC2A59DEFB8A2382" author="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B." box="[842,1139,979,1005]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. &quot; Pickle &quot;. University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(in synonymy).
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CA4F59DEFE97247E" ID-CoL="ZS3S" authority=": Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1948 a: 550" authorityName="Bigelow &amp; Schroeder" authorityPageNumber="550" authorityYear="1948" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CA4F59DEFE97247E" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Cruriraja parcomaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69531FFD6CEE159FAFCF7247E" box="[385,782,1014,1041]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CEE159FAFCF7247E" author="Bigelow &amp; Schroeder" box="[385,782,1014,1041]" firstAuthor="Bigelow" page="550" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="543 - 566" refId="ref93538" refString="Bigelow, H. B. &amp; Schroeder, W. C. (1948 a) New genera and species of batoid fishes. Journal of Marine Research, 7 (3), 543 - 566." type="journal article" year="1948" yearSuffix="a">Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1948a: 550</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(KZN,
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279531FFD6CC0E59FAFBFC247D" box="[878,1029,1015,1042]" name="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">South Africa</collectingCountry>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CB7B59FAFA65247E" author="Bigelow &amp; Schroeder" box="[1051,1436,1014,1041]" firstAuthor="Bigelow" page="315" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 588" refId="ref93666" refString="Bigelow, H. B. &amp; Schroeder, W. C. (1953) Fishes of the Western North Atlantic Part 2. Sawfishes, guitarfishes, skates, rays and chimaeroids. Memoirs of the Sears Foundation for Marine Research, Series 1, 2, 1 - 588." type="journal article" year="1953">Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1953: 315</bibRefCitation>
(KZN,
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279531FFD6CE785E16FE542459" box="[280,429,1051,1078]" name="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">South Africa</collectingCountry>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CEA15E16FCC1245A" author="Bigelow &amp; Schroeder" box="[449,824,1051,1077]" firstAuthor="Bigelow" page="199" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="161 - 244" refId="ref93805" refString="Bigelow, H. B. &amp; Schroeder, W. C. (1962) New and little known batoid fishes from the western Atlantic. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 128 (4), 161 - 244." type="journal article" year="1962">Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1962: 199</bibRefCitation>
(KZN,
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279531FFD6CCF35E16FBD12459" box="[915,1064,1051,1078]" name="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">South Africa</collectingCountry>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CB5B5E16FAEC245A" author="Wallace, J. H." box="[1083,1301,1051,1077]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref118396" refString="Wallace, J. H. (1967 a) The batoid fishes of the east coast of southern Africa. Part III: skates and electric rays. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 17, 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1967">Wallace, 1967a: 11</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 6 (rare off Durban);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CE385E32FDDA2436" author="Hulley" box="[344,547,1086,1113]" firstAuthor="Hulley" page="157" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="151 - 220" refId="ref104963" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1970) An investigation of the Rajidae of the west and south coasts of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 55, 151 - 220." type="journal article" year="1970">Hulley, 1970: 157</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4, pl. 1a (in part,
<typeStatus id="548088159531FFD6CC795E32FC822436" box="[793,891,1087,1113]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
lost, off Durban);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CB2A5E32FAEA2436" author="Hulley" box="[1098,1299,1087,1113]" firstAuthor="Hulley" page="86" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 103" refId="ref105041" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1972 a) The origin, interrelationships and distribution of southern African Rajidae (Chondrichthyes, Batoidei). Annals of the South African Museum, 60, 1 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1442499" type="journal article" year="1972" yearSuffix="a">Hulley, 1972a: 86</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 5859 (in part);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CE535E6EFDF92412" author="Hulley" box="[307,512,1123,1149]" firstAuthor="Hulley" page="117" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="115 - 128" refId="ref105183" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1986) Family Rajidae, Anacanthobatidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 115 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1986">Hulley, 1986: 117</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 25.3 (in part);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CD835E6EFBEF2412" author="Compagno" box="[739,1046,1123,1149]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="84" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CC065E6EFC602412" box="[870,921,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
., 1989: 84
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. (in part);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CBD65E6EFA902412" author="Ebert D. A." box="[1206,1385,1122,1149]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref98383" refString="Ebert D. A. (2014) Deep-sea cartilaginous fishes of the Indian Ocean. Vol. 2. Batoids and chimaeras. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 8. Vol. 2. FAO, Rome, 129 pp." type="book" year="2014">Ebert, 2014: 57</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 78;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CF935E8AFDB224CE" author="Ebert &amp; van Hees" box="[243,587,1158,1185]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="147" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the &quot; Lost Sharks &quot; of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert &amp; van Hees, 2015: 147</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CD395E8AFCA824CE" author="Last" box="[601,849,1159,1185]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Last" page="29" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="11 - 34" refId="ref107873" refString="Last, P. R., Weigmann, S. &amp; Yang, L. (2016 f) Changes to the nomenclature of the skates (Chondrichthyes: Rajiformes). In: Last, P. R. &amp; Yearsley, G. K. (Eds.), Rays of the World: Supplementary Information. CSIRO Australian National Fish Collection, Hobart, pp. 11 - 34." type="book chapter" year="2016" yearSuffix="f">
Last
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CDF35E8AFD3E24CE" box="[659,711,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
., 2016f: 29
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CC3F5E8AFB4924CE" author="Weigmann, S. &amp; Seret, B. &amp; Last, P. R. &amp; McEachran, J. D." box="[863,1200,1159,1185]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="473 - 493" refId="ref118968" refString="Weigmann, S., Seret, B., Last, P. R. &amp; McEachran, J. D. (2016 a) Pygmy skates. Family Gurgesiellidae. In: Last, P. R., White, W. T., de Carvalho, M. E., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. &amp; Naylor, G. J. P. (Eds.), Rays of the World. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, pp. 473 - 493. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148" type="book chapter" year="2016">
Weigmann
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CC815E8AFBEC24CE" box="[993,1045,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
., 2016a: 480
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 21.6.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CA4F5E8AFDDC24AA" ID-CoL="ZS3V" authority=": Smith, 1964: 290" authorityName=": Smith" authorityPageNumber="290" authorityYear="1964" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CA4F5E8AFEB524AA" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Cruriraja triangularis</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CE3C5EA6FDDC24AA" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[348,549,1195,1221]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref115644" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1964) Fishes collected by Dr T. Mortenson off the coast of South Africa in 1929, with an account of the genus Cruriraja Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1954 in South Africa. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 126, 283 - 300." type="book chapter" year="1964">Smith, 1964: 290</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 28 (original description, =
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CCEA5EA6FA7624AA" ID-CoL="ZS3S" authority="von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923" authorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" authorityYear="1923" box="[906,1423,1195,1221]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CCEA5EA6FBAF24AA" box="[906,1110,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">C. parcomaculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CB3E5EA6FA7624AA" author="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B." box="[1118,1423,1195,1221]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. &quot; Pickle &quot;. University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
);
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CFA65EC2FE692486" author="Hulley" box="[198,400,1231,1257]" firstAuthor="Hulley" page="117" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="115 - 128" refId="ref105183" refString="Hulley, P. A. (1986) Family Rajidae, Anacanthobatidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 115 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1986">Hulley, 1986: 117</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 25.3;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CD695EC2FCCC2486" author="Compagno" box="[521,821,1231,1257]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="84" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CDEA5EC2FD422486" box="[650,699,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
., 1989: 84
</bibRefCitation>
, pl.;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CC0C5EC2FB912486" author="Compagno" box="[876,1128,1231,1257]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="117" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref95720" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406" type="journal article" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 117</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CB135EC2FF0A2562" author="Ebert &amp; Compagno" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="122" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="125 - 145" refId="ref96013" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Ebert, D. A. (2007) Southern African skate biodiversity and distribution. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 80, 125 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10641 - 007 - 9243 - 4" type="journal article" year="2007">Ebert &amp; Compagno, 2007: 122</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CE605EFEFDBB2562" author="Aschliman" box="[256,578,1267,1293]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Aschliman" page="369" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="364 - 372" refId="ref92233" refString="Aschliman, N. C., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V. (2010) A new legskate (Rajoidei; genus Cruriraja) from southern Africa. Copeia, 3, 364 - 372. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / CI- 09 - 215" type="journal article" year="2010">
Aschliman
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CEE35EFEFE4E2562" box="[387,439,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
., 2010: 369
</bibRefCitation>
(synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CD875EFEFC4A2562" ID-CoL="ZS3S" authorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" authorityYear="1923" box="[743,947,1267,1293]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CD875EFEFC4A2562" box="[743,947,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">C. parcomaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CCAD5EFEFEA0255E" ID-CoL="ZS3S" authority="(von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923)" baseAuthorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" baseAuthorityYear="1923" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CCAD5EFEFB142562" box="[973,1261,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Cruriraja parcomaculata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CB9E5EFEFEA8255E" author="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B." pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref118185" refString="von Bonde, C. &amp; Swart, D. B. (1923) The Platosomia (skates and rays) collected by the S. S. &quot; Pickle &quot;. University of South Africa, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report, 3 (5), 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1923">von Bonde &amp; Swart, 1923</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CE1C5F1AFE10255E" ID-CoL="3WB3" authorityName="Bigelow &amp; Schroeder" authorityYear="1948" box="[380,489,1303,1329]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CE1C5F1AFE10255E" box="[380,489,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Cruriraja</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CE9C5F1AFD7B255E" ID-CoL="ZS3V" authority="(Smith, 1964)" authorityName=": Smith" authorityYear="1964" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[508,642,1303,1329]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CE9C5F1AFD7B255E" box="[508,642,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">triangularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CDFB5F1AFCD4255D" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[667,813,1303,1330]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref115644" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1964) Fishes collected by Dr T. Mortenson off the coast of South Africa in 1929, with an account of the genus Cruriraja Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1954 in South Africa. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 126, 283 - 300." type="book chapter" year="1964">Smith, 1964</bibRefCitation>
):
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CC235F1AFB53255E" author="Compagno &amp; Ebert" box="[835,1194,1303,1329]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="143" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="125 - 145" refId="ref96013" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Ebert, D. A. (2007) Southern African skate biodiversity and distribution. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 80, 125 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10641 - 007 - 9243 - 4" type="journal article" year="2007">Compagno &amp; Ebert, 2007: 143</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 8c;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CA745F1AFED5253A" author="Ebert" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Ebert" page="86" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="81 - 102" refId="ref98910" refString="Ebert, D. A., Compagno, L. J. V. &amp; Cowley, P. D. (2008) Aspects on the reproductive biology of skates (Chondrichthyes: Rajiformes: Rajoidei) from southern African waters. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65, 81 - 102. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icesjms / fsm 169" type="journal article" year="2008">
Ebert
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CA3B5F1AFA77255E" box="[1371,1422,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
., 2008: 86
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CE575F36FDC8253A" author="Weigmann, S." box="[311,561,1339,1365]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 963</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9531FFD6CFF75F53FCB325AE" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79531FFD6CFF75F53FCB325AE" blockId="88.[151,1437,762,1689]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<materialsCitation id="3B533CEA9531FFD6CFF75F53FD322516" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3072574742" box="[151,715,1374,1401]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="South Africa" location="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" specimenCode="BMNH 1935.7" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CFF75F53FDF22517" bold="true" box="[151,523,1374,1401]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279531FFD6CFF75F53FECB2517" box="[151,306,1374,1400]" name="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">South Africa</collectingCountry>
voucher material
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9531FFD6CD7C5F52FD322516" box="[540,715,1374,1401]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">BMNH 1935.7</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B533CEA9531FFD6CDAF5F53FAC42516" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3072574649" box="[719,1341,1374,1401]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">
14.1 (1) (several
<typeStatus id="548088159531FFD6CCF65F52FC012516" box="[918,1016,1375,1401]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CB625F52FB372516" baseAuthorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[1026,1230,1375,1401]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CB625F52FB372516" box="[1026,1230,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">C. parcomaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729531FFD6CB895F52FAC42516" box="[1257,1341,1375,1401]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B533CEA9531FFD6CA275F52FCBE25AE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3072574358" collectionCode="RUSI" country="South Africa" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" specimenCode="SAIAB 10092, SAIAB 10094, SAIAB 10095, SAIAB 10096, SAIAB 10097, SAIAB 188326, SAIAB 188974, SAIAB 189239" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
[former
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729531FFD6CFA65F8FFEF025F2" box="[198,265,1410,1437]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kccx-fpaf" name="J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology (formerly of Rhodes University)" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">RUSI</collectionCode>
] 50 (
<typeStatus id="548088159531FFD6CE215F8EFE5C25F2" box="[321,421,1411,1437]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CEAB5F8EFD8B25F2" authorityName=": Smith" authorityYear="1964" box="[459,626,1411,1437]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CEAB5F8EFD8B25F2" box="[459,626,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">C. triangularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9531FFD6CDE95F8EFCD725F2" box="[649,814,1411,1437]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 10092</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9531FFD6CC595F8EFC2425F2" box="[825,989,1411,1437]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 10094</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9531FFD6CC895F8EFB7425F2" box="[1001,1165,1410,1437]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 10095</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9531FFD6CBF85F8EFAC425F2" box="[1176,1341,1411,1437]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 10096</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9531FFD6CA285F8EFEF625AE" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 10097</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9531FFD6CE7A5FAAFE3525AE" box="[282,460,1447,1473]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 188326</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9531FFD6CEB75FAAFD7025AE" box="[471,649,1447,1473]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 188974</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB9D9ECC9531FFD6CDF45FAAFCBE25AE" box="[660,839,1447,1473]" collectionCode="SAIAB" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB 189239</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9531FFD6CFF75FC7FB47258A" box="[151,1214,1482,1509]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79531FFD6CFF75FC7FB47258A" blockId="88.[151,1437,762,1689]" box="[151,1214,1482,1509]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CFF75FC7FE2A258B" bold="true" box="[151,467,1482,1508]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">South African distribution</emphasis>
: Occurs from
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CD165FC6FD33258A" box="[630,714,1483,1509]" genus="Durban" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="88" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Durban</taxonomicName>
north to the KZN border with
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279531FFD6CB425FC6FB43258A" box="[1058,1210,1483,1509]" name="Mozambique" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9531FFD6CFF75FE2FDE926F6" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="discussion">
<subSubSection id="C321653C9531FFD6CFF75FE2FB67261A" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79531FFD6CFF75FE2FB67261A" blockId="88.[151,1437,762,1689]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CFF75FE2FEFD2666" bold="true" box="[151,260,1519,1545]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Remarks</emphasis>
: A very small skate with a limited range from about
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CC245FE2FC612666" box="[836,920,1519,1545]" genus="Durban" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="88" pageNumber="126" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Durban</taxonomicName>
to southern
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279531FFD6CB7F5FE2FB4E2666" box="[1055,1207,1519,1545]" name="Mozambique" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
. It has a complicated taxonomic history due to it being described as
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CD8F5C1EFBBA2641" authority="(Smith, 1964)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[751,1091,1555,1582]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CD8F5C1EFC602642" box="[751,921,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">C. triangularis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CCCC5C1EFBC22641" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[940,1083,1555,1582]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref115644" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1964) Fishes collected by Dr T. Mortenson off the coast of South Africa in 1929, with an account of the genus Cruriraja Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1954 in South Africa. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 126, 283 - 300." type="book chapter" year="1964">Smith, 1964</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and most subsequent authors referring to the Eastern and Western Cape form as
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CC625C3AFC32263E" baseAuthorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[770,971,1591,1617]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CC625C3AFC32263E" box="[770,971,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">C. parcomaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The issue was resolved by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469531FFD6CA675C3AFECC261A" author="Aschliman" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Aschliman" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="364 - 372" refId="ref92233" refString="Aschliman, N. C., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V. (2010) A new legskate (Rajoidei; genus Cruriraja) from southern Africa. Copeia, 3, 364 - 372. https: // doi. org / 10.1643 / CI- 09 - 215" type="journal article" year="2010">
Aschliman
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CAE85C3AFF25261A" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
. (2010)
</bibRefCitation>
who concluded that
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CD7E5C56FD3D261A" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[542,708,1627,1653]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="triangularis">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CD7E5C56FD3D261A" box="[542,708,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">C. triangularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349531FFD6CCAE5C56FB6E261A" baseAuthorityName="von Bonde &amp; Swart" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[974,1175,1627,1653]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Rajidae" genus="Cruriraja" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rajiformes" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parcomaculata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CCAE5C56FB6E261A" box="[974,1175,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">C. parcomaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9531FFD6CFF75C73FDE926F6" box="[151,528,1662,1689]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79531FFD6CFF75C73FDE926F6" blockId="88.[151,1437,762,1689]" box="[151,528,1662,1689]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59531FFD6CFF75C73FE7D26F6" bold="true" box="[151,388,1662,1689]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Conservation status</emphasis>
: LC (2019).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>