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<document id="6EAC5B27D059DB1D1938C427ED213804" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.184.1.6" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5146472" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627591988263" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lu, Chang-Tse &amp; Wang, Jenn-Che" docDate="2014" docId="03ECFF12FFB0FF89FF3AFE27FB2DF7DD" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.184.1.046-052.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 184 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.14:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Asarum ampulliflorum Lu &amp; Wang, 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="FFD5876AFFB1FF88FFB2FFEBFFB9FFC1" masterDocTitle="Asarum ampulliflorum (Aristolochiaceae), a new species from Taiwan" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="46" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1725330681633" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="DFBD743831015EBCF801BB461DA3959F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="BFF5526F239386FD9D2C8624803A4079">
<mods:title id="4D6F144D1022C2B673B825CD3B001F7A">Asarum ampulliflorum (Aristolochiaceae), a new species from Taiwan</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D3324F4AAA802A148AD52344492F6F76" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BCF357F0DC3D4B4F01F16BD9755A359F">
<mods:roleTerm id="59F5B5978A23BB64B0F2E2E008745CB2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="81C1AA7B9ACED5FF699240ED1A4C309B">Lu, Chang-Tse</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="23C271E50429930628E7E61E9473DBAB">Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Ting-Chow Rd., Sec 4, Wenshan, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="28FB779BCDE8FB62928DBA2164BE1F99" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F56354E8E75592021904120010DBC3E5">
<mods:roleTerm id="44A9D0CD66EFF92E4934D8DBD8991A5F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="14577A464AC537A2C929E612D8F589E0">Wang, Jenn-Che</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CBA3B4B218914419BC7380A32DF8467C">Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 88, Ting-Chow Rd., Sec 4, Wenshan, Taipei 11677, Taiwan.</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D76B37B5CCE8E92F6ACE8CA0E5FB3DBF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CD79516DCF48F12F3571B18ABA75C4A6">
<mods:title id="06C1F9A7E5B61262DADEBCA65A9BFB6B">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="4B4570EE680AFB0BB867ECA41B9461C9">
<mods:date id="B4AA594DF8B286C64D3D4616B939F3C1">2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="71831B20023D10348310CCB4219CE430" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="21B38C486216B5DBB3436C2EDB18BD40">2014-10-29</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="FBFEA2BAE5E65BB08472CFF568460E31" type="volume">
<mods:number id="13A16EEBC52A486C6136562B9A8C0E3A">184</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="6AE3D40B20D53925C334D74068300B9B" type="issue">
<mods:number id="5DE395113B06E8C40FF3F0F7C732951F">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="ADEE2A3DFB637843935FBE8D79C3B01F">46</mods:start>
<mods:end id="035904D5D2F9DE098C4A171986435339">52</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="74495B8D2CBF14E353C1786A3F6C7FF5">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="78DBAD4AF0DD1B7C3B74828BBD155DCF" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.184.1.6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5B31688434B8D3BC0AF8721005A18AEB" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C43F0A3E3A62D529DC60E81CC069DFD9" type="Zenodo-Dep">5146472</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03ECFF12FFB0FF89FF3AFE27FB2DF7DD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5151621" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5151621" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ECFF12FFB0FF89FF3AFE27FB2DF7DD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ECFF12FFB0FF89FF3AFE27FB2DF7DD" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<subSubSection id="C35F1D8FFFB0FF89FF3AFE27FCEFFE27" box="[136,854,460,487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFA4E04FFB0FF89FF3AFE27FCEFFE27" blockId="1.[136,854,460,487]" box="[136,854,460,487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="D0B2F968FFB0FF89FF3AFE27FCEFFE27" box="[136,854,460,487]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FF3AFE27FE2AFE26" ID-CoL="H4PG" authorityName="Lu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2014" box="[136,403,460,487]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ampulliflorum">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FF3AFE27FE2AFE26" bold="true" box="[136,403,460,487]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Asarum ampulliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C.-T. Lu &amp; J.-C. Wang,
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FD15FE26FD45FE27" box="[679,764,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2022F6DFFB0FF89FD15FE26FD45FE27" box="[679,764,461,486]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137E5281FFB0FF89FCB8FE27FCF2FE27" box="[778,843,460,486]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1786,1808]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,212,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-18@2.[151,1436,187,1759]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Asarum ampulliflorum C.–T. Lu &amp; J.–C. Wang (from holotype). A. Habit. B. Apical view of flower. C. Longitudinally dissected flower. D. Outer whorl stamens. E. Inner whorl stamens. F. Style and stigma. G. Dissected ovary. (drawn by C.–T. Lu)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5146474" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5146474/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35F1D8FFFB0FF89FF3AFDF3FD49FA9D" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFA4E04FFB0FF89FF3AFDF3FAFFFDEF" blockId="1.[136,1451,536,701]" box="[136,1350,536,558]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<materialsCitation id="3B2D4459FFB0FF89FF3AFDF3FAFBFDEF" box="[136,1346,536,558]" collectionCode="TYPE, C, T, TNU" collectorName="Houshan Park &amp; C. - T. Lu" country="Taiwan" county="Ilan County" elevation="2000" location="Taipingshan" municipality="Houshan Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<materialsCitation id="3B2D4459FFB0FF89FF3AFDF3FC3AFDEC" box="[136,899,536,558]" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="Houshan Park" country="Taiwan" county="Ilan County" elevation="2000" location="Taipingshan" municipality="Houshan Park" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="ED54D6C1FFB0FF89FF3AFDF3FF7CFDEC" box="[136,197,536,557]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">TYPE</collectionCode>
:―
<collectingCountry id="F3520E94FFB0FF89FF52FDF3FEFAFDEC" box="[224,323,536,557]" name="Taiwan" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingCounty id="629B3688FFB0FF89FEF9FDF3FE78FDEC" box="[331,449,536,558]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Ilan County</collectingCounty>
:
<location id="8E9A18DFFFB0FF89FE78FDF3FDFBFDEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ECFF12FFB0FF89FF3AFE27FB2DF7DD:8E9A18DFFFB0FF89FE78FDF3FDFBFDEF" box="[458,578,536,558]" country="Taiwan" county="Ilan County" municipality="Houshan Park" name="Taipingshan" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Taipingshan</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9ED47EFFB0FF89FDF9FDF3FD6DFDEF" box="[587,724,536,558]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<collectorName id="26B02BD2FFB0FF89FDF9FDF3FD6DFDEF" box="[587,724,536,558]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Houshan Park</collectorName>
</collectingMunicipality>
, elev. ca.
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FC80FDF3FC3AFDEC" box="[818,899,536,557]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="0068A937FFB0FF89FC80FDF3FC3AFDEC" box="[818,899,536,557]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="m" value="2000.0">2,000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
,
<collectorName id="26B02BD2FFB0FF89FC3EFDF3FC62FDEC" box="[908,987,536,557]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FC3EFDF3FC62FDEC" box="[908,987,536,557]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<collectionCode id="ED54D6C1FFB0FF89FC3EFDF3FC27FDEC" box="[908,926,536,557]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.-
<collectionCode id="ED54D6C1FFB0FF89FC1AFDF3FC00FDEC" box="[936,953,536,557]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">T</collectionCode>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B2D4459FFB0FF89FC70FDF3FC62FDEC" box="[962,987,536,557]" collectionCode="TNU" country="Taiwan" location="Lu" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="8E9A18DFFFB0FF89FC70FDF3FC62FDEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ECFF12FFB0FF89FF3AFE27FB2DF7DD:8E9A18DFFFB0FF89FC70FDF3FC62FDEC" box="[962,987,536,557]" country="Taiwan" county="Ilan County" municipality="Houshan Park" name="Lu" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Lu</location>
</materialsCitation>
</emphasis>
</collectorName>
567 (
<typeStatus id="54FEF0A6FFB0FF89FBA0FDF3FBD1FDEF" box="[1042,1128,536,558]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED54D6C1FFB0FF89FBDFFDF3FB1FFDEC" box="[1133,1190,536,557]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13729" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13729" name="National Taiwan Normal University" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" type="Herbarium">TNU</collectionCode>
!; isotype
<collectionCode id="ED54D6C1FFB0FF89FB4CFDF3FA81FDEF" box="[1278,1336,536,558]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13729" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13729" name="National Taiwan Normal University" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" type="Herbarium">TNU</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA4E04FFB0FF89FF3AFDD7FCB7FD7C" blockId="1.[136,1451,536,701]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FF3AFDD7FEDEFD93" authorityName="Lu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2014" box="[136,359,572,594]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ampulliflorum">Asarum ampulliflorum</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FEDDFDD7FE5FFD90" box="[367,486,572,593]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">is similar to</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FE5CFDD7FDDFFD93" authorityName="F. Maekawa" authorityYear="1932" baseAuthorityName="Morr. &amp; Decne." box="[494,614,572,594]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asaroides">A. asaroides</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FDDCFDD7FCB7FD7C" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
in appearance, but can be differentiated by leaf length equal to width (vs. longer or shorter than width), perianth tube smaller (
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FDEEFD8BFD61FDB4" box="[604,728,608,629]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" metricValueMax="1.17" metricValueMin="0.8699999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="10.2" valueMax="11.7" valueMin="8.7">8.7–11.7 mm</quantity>
×
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FD46FD8BFCC5FDB4" box="[756,892,608,629]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.595" metricValueMax="1.81" metricValueMin="1.38" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="15.95" valueMax="18.1" valueMin="13.8">13.8–18.1 mm</quantity>
vs. 20.0–25.0 mm × 25.0–30.0 mm) and more compressed (ratio of the perianth tube length to the diameter at the widest points of perianth tube 0.62−0.66 vs. 0.80−0.83), and limb lobe nearly as long as perianth tube (vs. lobe shorter than perianth tube).
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA4E04FFB0FF89FF3AFD00FDA5FAF9" blockId="1.[136,1452,747,2077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
Perennial herbs. Adventitious roots few, glabrous, as thick as rhizome. Rhizome glabrous, repent, suberect; annual vegetative branch with 2–3 cataphylls at base, cataphylls membranous, hyaline, sessile, oblong, glabrous on both surfaces, margin hairy, obtuse at apex. Leaves petiolate; petiole
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FCDAFCD9FC77FC8D" box="[872,974,818,844]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="cm" value="9.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="6.0">6–12 cm</quantity>
, pilose adaxially, grooved, dark brown or purple; lamina cordate to triangular-ovate, acute at apex, cordate,
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FC3CFCBEFBB6FCAE" box="[910,1039,853,880]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="cm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="5.5">5.5–8.5 cm</quantity>
× 5.0–8.0 cm, lobes 1.5–2.0 cm × 2.0–
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FF08FC93FEBEFC52" box="[186,263,888,915]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
wide; adaxial surface usually dark green, pubescent, with white maculae, abaxial surface purple or pale green; adaxial surface and margin of young leaves usually short hairy. Flowering branch with 2 cataphylls at base, cataphylls ovate, glabrous on both surfaces, margin hairy; flower solitary, emerging the axil of a young leaf, dark purple, decumbent on ground; pedicel glabrous,
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FD17FC0AFCB6FC3D" box="[677,783,993,1020]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 mm</quantity>
long; perianth tube pyriform,
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FBD2FC09FB4DFC3D" box="[1120,1268,994,1020]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" metricValueMax="1.17" metricValueMin="0.8699999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="10.2" valueMax="11.7" valueMin="8.7">8.7–11.7 mm</quantity>
long, upper part inflated, ca.
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FEA6FBEEFE01FBDE" box="[276,440,1029,1055]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.595" metricValueMax="1.81" metricValueMin="1.38" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="15.95" valueMax="18.1" valueMin="13.8">13.8–18.1 mm</quantity>
in diam. at the widest points, 8.0–
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FCF2FBEEFC1AFBDE" box="[832,931,1029,1055]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="10.1">10.1 mm</quantity>
in diam. at the base of tube, outside glabrous, white, inside reticulate, ridged, purple, longitudinal ridges 24; limb 3-lobed; perianth tube entrance
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FB56FBC3FAF8FB82" box="[1252,1345,1064,1091]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8 mm</quantity>
in diam.; orifice rim well-developed, 2.4–4.0 mm wide; perianth-lobe spreading obliquely, slightly undulated, triangulate to ovate,
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FF60FB84FEDEFB48" box="[210,359,1135,1161]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0399999999999998" metricValueMax="1.3699999999999999" metricValueMin="0.71" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="10.399999999999999" valueMax="13.7" valueMin="7.1">7.1–13.7 mm</quantity>
×
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FE31FB85FE47FB48" box="[387,510,1134,1161]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="16.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="15.0">15–17 mm</quantity>
, pubescent adaxially, glabrous abaxially; tubercle white, present between orifice rim and perianth-lobes; stamens
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FE76FB79FE45FB6D" box="[452,508,1170,1196]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
2 whorls,
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FDDDFB79FD72FB6D" box="[623,715,1170,1196]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
long, filaments very short, anthers extrorse and lateral, ca. 1.2–2.0 mm long, apex of connectives rounded or triangular; with 3 rudimentary petals; ovary superior, 6-locular,fused at base; styles 6, free; stylar protuberance bi-lobed, with a broadened wing on each side, round at apex, 1.0–
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FAA2FB33FAD0FB32" box="[1296,1385,1240,1267]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
long; stigma lacrymiform, lateral; ovules
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FDA4FB10FDF9FAD4" box="[534,576,1275,1301]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
each locule; capsule fleshy, perianth tube present; seeds ellipsoid, brown, with fleshy elaiosome on ventral surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA4E04FFB0FF89FF0FFAA9FD49FA9D" blockId="1.[136,1452,747,2077]" box="[189,752,1346,1372]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FF0FFAA9FE8CFA9D" bold="true" box="[189,309,1346,1372]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Phenolgy:</emphasis>
―Flowering from December to March.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35F1D8FFFB0FF89FF0FFA8EFAEFFA04" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFA4E04FFB0FF89FF0FFA8EFAEFFA04" blockId="1.[136,1452,747,2077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FF0FFA8EFE55FABE" bold="true" box="[189,492,1381,1407]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Habitat and distribution:</emphasis>
―
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FDBAFA8EFCBEFABE" authorityName="Lu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2014" box="[520,775,1381,1407]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ampulliflorum">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FDBAFA8EFCBEFABE" box="[520,775,1381,1407]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Asarum ampulliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to
<collectingCountry id="F3520E94FFB0FF89FC1EFA8EFBB8FABE" box="[940,1025,1381,1407]" name="Taiwan" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, occurring in mixed broad-leaved and conifer forest in the northeast part of
<collectingCountry id="F3520E94FFB0FF89FDAEFA63FDC8FA63" box="[540,625,1416,1442]" name="Taiwan" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
, at elevations of
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FC95FA63FC0BFA62" box="[807,946,1416,1443]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="m" value="1500.0" valueMax="2100.0" valueMin="900.0">900–2100 m</quantity>
on the Hsueshan Mountain Ridge and Central Mountain Ridge (
<figureCitation id="137E5281FFB0FF89FEFCFA40FE2DFA04" box="[334,404,1451,1477]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1995,2017]" captionTargetBox="[175,1409,1272,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-374@3.[151,1435,1253,1970]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Geographical distribution of Asarum ampulliflorum C.–T. Lu &amp; J.–C. Wang, A. asaroides Morr. et Decne., A. macranthum Hooker f., and A. satsumense F. Maekawa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5146476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5146476/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Its habitat is humid through the year and plants often grow there among bryophytes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35F1D8FFFB0FF89FF0FFA24FB2DF7DD" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFA4E04FFB0FF89FF0FFA24FAC4FA29" blockId="1.[136,1452,747,2077]" box="[189,1405,1486,1513]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FF0FFA24FEF1FA28" bold="true" box="[189,328,1487,1513]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Etymology:</emphasis>
―The specific epithet “ampulliflorum” was given based on the inflated, pyriform perianth tube.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA4E04FFB0FF89FF0FFA1AFEFCF9B7" blockId="1.[136,1452,747,2077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FF0FFA1AFD95F9CD" bold="true" box="[189,556,1521,1548]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Somatic chromosome number:</emphasis>
―We determined the somatic chromosome number of
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FB21FA19FAEAF9CD" authorityName="Lu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2014" box="[1171,1363,1522,1548]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ampulliflorum">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FB21FA19FAEAF9CD" box="[1171,1363,1522,1548]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">A. ampulliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as 2
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FA34FA19FA2DF9CA" box="[1414,1428,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">n</emphasis>
= 24, equaling all the other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FDABF9FEFC81F9EE" authorityName="Al. Braun" authorityYear="1861" baseAuthorityName="Morr. et Decne." box="[537,824,1557,1583]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Heterotropa">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FDABF9FEFDC9F9EE" box="[537,624,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Asarum</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FD02F9FDFC81F9EE" box="[688,824,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Heterotropa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F3520E94FFB0FF89FCE9F9FEFC14F9EE" box="[859,941,1557,1583]" name="Taiwan" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD433F5FFB0FF89FC09F9FEFB6BF9EE" author="Sugawara, T. &amp; Ogisu, M." box="[955,1234,1557,1583]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" pagination="89 - 96" refId="ref5185" refString="Sugawara, T. &amp; Ogisu, M. (1992) Karyomorphology of 11 species of Asarum (Aristolochiaceae) from Taiwan and mainland China. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 43: 89 - 96." type="journal article" year="1992">Sugawara &amp; Ogisu 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD433F5FFB0FF89FB6FF9FEFA1EF9F1" author="Huang, S. - F. &amp; Hsieh, T. - H. &amp; Huang, T. - C." box="[1245,1447,1557,1584]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" pagination="91 - 120" refId="ref4636" refString="Huang, S. - F., Hsieh, T. - H. &amp; Huang, T. - C. (1995) Notes on the Flora of Taiwan (21) - The genus Asarum L. (Aristolochiaceae). Taiwania 40: 91 - 120." type="journal article" year="1995">
Huang
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FA9CF9FDFADFF9EE" box="[1326,1382,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
1995
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD433F5FFB0FF89FF3AF9D2FEE8F993" author="Lu, C. - T. &amp; Wang, J. - C." box="[136,337,1592,1619]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" pagination="229 - 240" refId="ref4763" refString="Lu, C. - T. &amp; Wang, J. - C. (2009) Three new species of Asarum (section Heterotropa) from Taiwan. Botanical Studies 50: 229 - 240." type="journal article" year="2009">Lu &amp; Wang 2009</bibRefCitation>
, Lu
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FE36F9D2FE07F993" box="[388,446,1592,1618]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
2009,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD433F5FFB0FF89FDBFF9D2FD08F993" author="Lu, C. - T. &amp; Liu, S. - C. &amp; Chiou, W. - L. &amp; Wang, J. - C." box="[525,689,1592,1619]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" pagination="396 - 401" refId="ref4850" refString="Lu, C. - T., Liu, S. - C., Chiou, W. - L. &amp; Wang, J. - C. (2010) Asarum satsumense F. Maekawa (Aristolochiaceae), a newly recorded species in Taiwan. Taiwania 55: 396 - 401." type="journal article" year="2010">
Lu
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FD86F9D2FDD7F993" box="[564,622,1592,1618]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD433F5FFB0FF89FD0FF9D2FC3CF993" author="Lu, C. - T. &amp; Chiou, W. - L. &amp; Wang, J. - C." box="[701,901,1592,1619]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" pagination="28" refId="ref4907" refString="Lu, C. - T., Chiou, W. - L. &amp; Wang, J. - C. (2013) Asarum pubitessellatum, sp. nov. (sect. Heterotropa, Aristolochiaceae) from Taiwan based on morphological and palynological evidence. Botanical Studies 54: 28. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1186 / 1999 - 3110 - 54 - 28" type="journal article" year="2013">Lu &amp; Wang 2013</bibRefCitation>
) and most species in
<collectingCountry id="F3520E94FFB0FF89FBC8F9D2FB03F992" box="[1146,1210,1593,1619]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD433F5FFB0FF89FB78F9D3FA86F993" author="Ono, M." box="[1226,1343,1592,1618]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" pagination="473 - 499" refId="ref5056" refString="Ono, M. (1960) Studies on Heterotropa and its related genera with special reference to their karyo-morphology and phylogeny. Journal of the Faculty of Science of University Tokyo, sec. 3, Bot. 7: 473 - 499." type="journal article" year="1960">Ono 1960</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD433F5FFB0FF89FAF8F9D2FE81F9B7" author="Yuasa, H. &amp; Maekawa, F." pageId="1" pageNumber="47" pagination="8 - 18" refId="ref5312" refString="Yuasa, H. &amp; Maekawa, F. (1976) Chromosome of Asarum and Heterotropa (Aristolochiaceae) in the Ryukyu Islands. Kromosomo II: 8 - 18." type="journal article" year="1976">Yuasa &amp; Maekawa 1976</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFA4E04FFB0FF89FF0FF995FB2DF7DD" blockId="1.[136,1452,747,2077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FF0FF995FE47F959" bold="true" box="[189,510,1662,1688]" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Morphological comparison:</emphasis>
―Morphologically, the pyriform perianth tube and the complex reticulation pattern on the inner surface of the perianth tube show that
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FD3FF949FCFCF97D" authorityName="Lu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2014" box="[653,837,1698,1724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ampulliflorum">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FD3FF949FCFCF97D" box="[653,837,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">A. ampulliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is related to
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FC63F949FA1EF97D" authority="(Morr. et Decne.) F. Maekawa" authorityName="F. Maekawa" baseAuthorityName="Morr. et Decne." box="[977,1447,1698,1724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asaroides">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FC63F949FBEEF97D" box="[977,1111,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">A. asaroides</emphasis>
(Morr. et Decne.) F. Maekawa
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FF3AF92EFE37F91E" authority="Hooker" authorityName="Hooker" box="[136,398,1733,1759]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthum">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FF3AF92EFE8AF91E" box="[136,307,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">A. macranthum</emphasis>
Hooker
</taxonomicName>
f., and
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FE58F92EFCAEF91E" authority="F. Maekawa" authorityName="F. Maekawa" box="[490,791,1733,1759]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="satsumense">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FE58F92EFD3FF91E" box="[490,646,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">A. satsumense</emphasis>
F. Maekawa
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F3520E94FFB0FF89FCD3F92EFC27F91E" box="[865,926,1733,1759]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Japan</collectingCountry>
or
<collectingCountry id="F3520E94FFB0FF89FC7BF92EFBA2F91E" box="[969,1051,1733,1759]" name="Taiwan" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FB2EF92EFAE1F91E" authorityName="Lu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2014" box="[1180,1368,1733,1759]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ampulliflorum">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FB2EF92EFAE1F91E" box="[1180,1368,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">A. ampulliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from the latter three species by the leaf shape and size, ratio of the perianth tube length to the diameter of the widest points of perianth tube (
<figureCitation id="137E5281FFB0FF89FE7DF8E0FDB7F8E4" box="[463,526,1803,1829]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1437,1459]" captionTargetBox="[195,1413,219,1352]" captionTargetId="figure-18@4.[151,1435,190,1413]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A histogram showing differences in the ratio of the perianth tube length to the diameter at the widest points of perianth tube and the ratio of the perianth tube length to limb-lobe length among Asarum ampulliflorum (am), A. asaroides (as), A. macranthum (ma), and A. satsumense (sa). The lines in the plot indicated the range of each character from each species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5146478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5146478/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), ratio of the perianth-tube length to limb-lobe length (
<figureCitation id="137E5281FFB0FF89FBFDF8E0FB37F8E4" box="[1103,1166,1803,1829]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1437,1459]" captionTargetBox="[195,1413,219,1352]" captionTargetId="figure-18@4.[151,1435,190,1413]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A histogram showing differences in the ratio of the perianth tube length to the diameter at the widest points of perianth tube and the ratio of the perianth tube length to limb-lobe length among Asarum ampulliflorum (am), A. asaroides (as), A. macranthum (ma), and A. satsumense (sa). The lines in the plot indicated the range of each character from each species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5146478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5146478/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), color of the inner surface of the perianth tube, stigma, and stylar protuberance shape (
<figureCitation id="137E5281FFB0FF89FCBEF8C5FCF7F888" box="[780,846,1838,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,805,827]" captionTargetBox="[191,1373,455,733]" captionTargetId="figure-118@5.[151,1436,389,780]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Comparison of stigma and style morphology of Asarum ampulliflorum (A), A. asaroides (B), A. macranthum (C), and A. satsumense (D)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5146480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5146480/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FCD0F8C4FBEEF889" authorityName="Lu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2014" box="[866,1111,1838,1865]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ampulliflorum">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FCD0F8C4FBEEF889" box="[866,1111,1838,1865]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Asarum ampulliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FAADF8C4FA1CF889" box="[1311,1445,1838,1865]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asaroides">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FAADF8C4FA1CF889" box="[1311,1445,1838,1865]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">A. asaroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, it differs from the latter by having cordate to triangular-ovate (vs. widely ovate to ovate triangular) leaves, small flowers (the widest diam. of perianth tube &lt;
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FDE8F89EFD1DF84E" box="[602,676,1909,1935]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
vs.&gt;
<quantity id="4CBDE3E1FFB0FF89FD6EF89EFC90F84E" box="[732,809,1909,1935]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
) and long limb lobes (ratio of tube length to limb-lobe length 0.86–1.21 vs. 1.67–2.0).
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FE23F873FD3CF873" authorityName="Lu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2014" box="[401,645,1944,1970]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ampulliflorum">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FE23F873FD3CF873" box="[401,645,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">Asarum ampulliflorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FC9EF873FC6AF873" box="[812,979,1944,1970]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthum">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FC9EF873FC6AF873" box="[812,979,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">A. macranthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C453587FFB0FF89FBB7F873FB25F873" box="[1029,1180,1944,1970]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Asarum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="47" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="satsumense">
<emphasis id="B9319216FFB0FF89FBB7F873FB25F873" box="[1029,1180,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="47">A. satsumense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but can be differentiated from the latter two by its lacrymiform (vs. unciform) stigma and 2-lobed stylar protuberance with a broadened wing on each side (vs. 2-lobed, with a horn-like protuberance on each side). The detailed differences of these four species are shown in Table 1. In addition, we provide a key to these four closely related species to aid in identification.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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