538 lines
71 KiB
XML
538 lines
71 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B6DF640D2F23A665D5557C6E9DE72B0B">A Revision of the Nearctic Predaceous Midges in the Bezzia (Bezzia) pulverea complex (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A3E62A5375A190C7CF98F4BC4706CD1D">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="514787962814FFBEFF1CFA22FCD9F992" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4562923" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179911449" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4562923" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514787962814FFBEFF1CFA22FCD9F992" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/514787962814FFBEFF1CFA22FCD9F992" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="436" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
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<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFF1CFA22FD92F98C" ID-CoL="8B6RF" authority="(Coquillett)" baseAuthorityName="Coquillett" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[151,599,1533,1560]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea" subGenus="Bezzia">
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<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFF1CFA22FD92F98C" bold="true" box="[151,599,1533,1560]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
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<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFF1CFA22FF20F98C" bold="true" box="[151,229,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFF7CFA22FE80F98C" bold="true" box="[247,325,1533,1559]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFEDDFA22FE7BF983" bold="true" box="[342,446,1533,1560]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">pulverea</emphasis>
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(Coquillett)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="D95136802814FFBDFF1CF9FEFED7F9A7" blockId="4.[151,599,1533,1596]" box="[151,274,1569,1596]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
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(
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<figureCitation id="41D52A052814FFBDFF14F9FEFECCF9A7" box="[159,265,1569,1596]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Figs. 1–6</figureCitation>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFF1CF9BEFDA3F9E3" ID-CoL="87VN3" authority="Coquillett, 1901: 600" authorityName="Coquillett" authorityPageNumber="600" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,614,1632,1656]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Ceratopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulvereus">
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<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFF1CF9BEFE40F9E3" box="[151,389,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Ceratopogon pulvereus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFE00F9BFFDA3F9E3" author="Coquillett, D. W." box="[395,614,1632,1656]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="593 - 618" refId="ref31029" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1901) New Diptera in the U. S. National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 23, 593 - 618. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.23 - 1225.593" type="journal article" year="1901">Coquillett, 1901: 600</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622814FFBDFDFBF9BEFD22F9E2" box="[624,743,1633,1657]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="69863CDD2814FFBDFD7BF9BFFC7AF9E3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3042855325" box="[752,959,1632,1656]" collectorName="C.D. Camp" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Washington">
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(
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<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622814FFBDFD7CF9BFFCB1F9E3" box="[759,884,1632,1656]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Washington</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectorName id="741B53562814FFBDFCF5F9BEFC73F9E3" box="[894,950,1632,1656]" name="C.D. Camp" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">D. C.</collectorName>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="584F10912814FFBDFF1CF95FFE2FF90C" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[151,490,1663,1687]" page="58" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" year="1906">
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<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFF1CF95FFE2FF90C" ID-CoL="8B6RF" authority=": Kieffer 1906: 58" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityPageNumber="58" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,490,1663,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea">
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<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFF1CF95FFEF2F90C" box="[151,311,1663,1687]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia pulverea</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFEC8F9A0FE2FF90C" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[323,490,1663,1687]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref32002" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1906) Diptera. Fam. Chironomidae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum, Fasc. 42, pp. 1 - 78, 4 pls." type="book chapter" year="1906">Kieffer 1906: 58</bibRefCitation>
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(combination; in list of
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<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFD57F95FFCDBF90C" ID-CoL="39YJ" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1899" box="[732,798,1664,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFD57F95FFCDBF90C" box="[732,798,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of Europe, America &
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<collectingCountry id="A1F976102814FFBDFB8DF9A0FBADF90C" box="[1030,1128,1663,1687]" name="Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Australia</collectingCountry>
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);
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<treatmentCitation id="584F10912814FFBDFBF3F9A0FAF2F90C" author="Malloch, J. R." box="[1144,1335,1663,1687]" page="283" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" year="1914">
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<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFBF3F9A0FAF2F90C" author="Malloch, J. R." box="[1144,1335,1663,1687]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="281 - 285" refId="ref32167" refString="Malloch, J. R. (1914) Synopsis of North American species of the genus Bezzia (Chironomidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 22, 281 - 285." type="journal article" year="1914">Malloch 1914: 283</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(in key to North American
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<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFEF9F941FE71F92E" ID-CoL="39YJ" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1899" box="[370,436,1694,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFEF9F941FE71F92E" box="[370,436,1694,1717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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);
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<treatmentCitation id="584F10912814FFBDFE41F941FD49F92D" author="Malloch, J. R." box="[458,652,1693,1718]" page="346" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" year="1915">
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<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFE41F941FD49F92D" author="Malloch, J. R." box="[458,652,1693,1718]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="275 - 543" refId="ref32203" refString="Malloch, J. R. (1915) The Chironomidae, or midges, of Illinois, with particular reference to the species occurring in the Illinois River. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 10, 275 - 543, 24 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.21900 / j. inhs. v 10.376" type="journal article" year="1915">Malloch 1915: 346</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(in key to
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<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFD70F941FCF8F92E" ID-CoL="39YJ" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1899" box="[763,829,1694,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFD70F941FCF8F92E" box="[763,829,1694,1717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of
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<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622814FFBDFCD4F941FC6EF92D" box="[863,939,1694,1718]" country="United States of America" name="Illinois" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Illinois</collectingRegion>
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);
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<treatmentCitation id="584F10912814FFBDFC36F941FBB6F92D" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[957,1139,1694,1718]" page="330" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" year="1917">
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<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFC36F941FBB6F92D" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[957,1139,1694,1718]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="292 - 364" refId="ref32044" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1917) Chironomides d'Amerique conserves au Musee National Hongrois de Budapest. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 15, 292 - 364." type="journal article" year="1917">Kieffer 1917: 330</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
(in key to American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFAC0F941FA48F92E" ID-CoL="39YJ" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1899" box="[1355,1421,1694,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFAC0F941FA48F92E" box="[1355,1421,1694,1717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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);
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<treatmentCitation id="584F10912814FFBDFF4CF963FE59F94F" author="Johannsen, O. A." box="[199,412,1724,1748]" page="785" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" year="1943">
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<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFF4CF963FE59F94F" author="Johannsen, O. A." box="[199,412,1724,1748]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="763 - 791" refId="ref31780" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1943) A generic synopsis of the Ceratopogonidae (Heleidae) of the Americas, a bibliography, and a list of the North American species. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 36, 763 - 791. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 36.4.763" type="journal article" year="1943">Johannsen 1943: 785</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(in list of North American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFD26F963FC9AF94F" ID-CoL="7WQ" box="[685,863,1724,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ceratopogonidae</taxonomicName>
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);
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<treatmentCitation id="584F10912814FFBDFCE4F963FB81F94F" author="Johannsen, O. A." box="[879,1092,1724,1748]" page="167" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" year="1952">
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<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFCE4F963FB81F94F" author="Johannsen, O. A." box="[879,1092,1724,1748]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="149 - 175" refId="ref31840" refString="Johannsen, O. A. (1952) Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Part IV. The Diptera or true flies. Fifth Fascicle: Midges and Gnats. Heleidae (Ceratopogonidae). Bulletin of the Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey, 80, 149 - 175." type="journal article" year="1952">Johannsen 1952: 167</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(in key to
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<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFB24F962FB34F94F" ID-CoL="39YJ" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1899" box="[1199,1265,1725,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFB24F962FB34F94F" box="[1199,1265,1725,1748]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the northeastern
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||
<collectingCountry id="A1F976102814FFBDFF64F904FEE3F968" box="[239,294,1755,1779]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">USA</collectingCountry>
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);
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<treatmentCitation id="584F10912814FFBDFEB3F904FE25F968" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[312,480,1755,1779]" page="232" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" year="1952">
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<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFEB3F904FE25F968" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[312,480,1755,1779]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="95 - 266" refId="ref32861" refString="Wirth, W. W. (1952) The Heleidae of California. University of California Publications in Entomology, 9, 95 - 266." type="journal article" year="1952">Wirth 1952: 232</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(description;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622814FFBDFDE5F904FD10F968" box="[622,725,1755,1779]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
records; distribution);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="584F10912814FFBDFC4BF904FB01F968" author="Wirth, W. W. & Stone, A." box="[960,1220,1755,1779]" page="437" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" year="1968">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFC4BF904FB01F968" author="Wirth, W. W. & Stone, A." box="[960,1220,1755,1779]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="424 - 437" refId="ref33481" refString="Wirth, W. W. & Stone, A. (1968) Aquatic Diptera, Family Heleidae (= Ceratopogonidae). In: Usinger, R. (Ed.). Aquatic Insects of California with keys to North American genera and California species. University of California Press, Berkeley, 508 pp. [pp. 424 - 437.]" type="book chapter" year="1968">Wirth & Stone 1968: 437</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in key to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622814FFBDFABDF904FA58F968" box="[1334,1437,1755,1779]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFF4CF925FECCF88A" ID-CoL="39YJ" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1899" box="[199,265,1786,1809]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFF4CF925FECCF88A" box="[199,265,1786,1809]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802814FFBDFF1CF8C6FE89F8D4" blockId="4.[151,1437,1632,1902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FE11AE2814FFBDFF1CF8C6FE89F8D4" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="584F10912814FFBDFF1CF8C6FD81F8AB" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[151,580,1816,1840]" page="141" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" year="1965">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFF1CF8C6FD81F8AB" ID-CoL="8B6RF" authority=": Wirth 1965: 141" authorityName="Wirth" authorityPageNumber="141" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,580,1816,1840]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea" subGenus="Bezzia">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFF1CF8C6FF1CF8AB" box="[151,217,1817,1840]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFF63F8C6FEEFF8AB" box="[232,298,1817,1840]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFEB2F8C7FE54F8AB" box="[313,401,1816,1840]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">pulverea</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFE16F8C7FD81F8AB" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[413,580,1816,1840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="121 - 142" refId="ref32888" refString="Wirth, W. W. (1965) Family Ceratopogonidae. In: Stone, A. C., Sabrosky, W., Wirth, W. W., Foote, R. H. & Coulson, J. R. (Eds.), A catalog of the Diptera of America north of Mexico. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Agriculture Handbook 276. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., pp. 121 - 142." type="book chapter" year="1965">Wirth 1965: 141</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in Nearctic catalog; distribution);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="584F10912814FFBDFC21F8C7FB02F8AB" author="Borkent, A. & Grogan, W. L. Jr." box="[938,1223,1816,1840]" page="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFC21F8C7FB02F8AB" author="Borkent, A. & Grogan, W. L. Jr." box="[938,1223,1816,1840]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref30656" refString="Borkent, A. & Grogan, W. L. Jr. (2009) Catalog of the New World biting midges north of Mexico (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 2273 (1), 1 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2273.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">Borkent & Grogan 2009: 26</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in Nearctic catalog; distribution).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802814FFBDFF1CF889FB62F8F5" blockId="4.[151,1437,1632,1902]" box="[151,1191,1878,1902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F9FE11AE2814FFBDFF1CF889FB62F8F5" box="[151,1191,1878,1902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="584F10912814FFBDFF1CF889FD1FF8F5" author="Dow, M. I. & Turner, E. C." box="[151,730,1878,1902]" page="61" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" year="1976">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFF1CF889FD1FF8F5" ID-CoL="8B6RF" authority=": Dow & Turner 1976: 61" authorityName=": Dow & Turner" authorityPageNumber="61" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,730,1878,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea" subGenus="Pseudobezzia">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFF1CF889FF1CF8F6" box="[151,217,1878,1901]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFF63F889FEB7F8F5" box="[232,370,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Pseudobezzia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFE0AF889FE1CF8F5" box="[385,473,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">pulverea</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712814FFBDFE6DF889FD1FF8F5" author="Dow, M. I. & Turner, E. C." box="[486,730,1878,1902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref31215" refString="Dow, M. I. & Turner, E. C. (1976) A revision of the Nearctic species of the genus Bezzia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Occasional Papers from the Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Research Division Bulletin, 103, 1 - 162. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 110104 fv" type="journal article" year="1976">Dow & Turner 1976: 61</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in revision of Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFC58F889FBD0F8F6" ID-CoL="39YJ" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1899" box="[979,1045,1878,1901]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFC58F889FBD0F8F6" box="[979,1045,1878,1901]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Bezzia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; distribution).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="91F4650B2814FFBEFF1CF849FCC2FD32" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="436" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802814FFBCFF1CF849FA90FE85" blockId="4.[151,1437,1942,2041]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="434" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFF1CF849FED7F82B" bold="true" box="[151,274,1942,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The only Nearctic species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032814FFBDFD11F848FCD8F82B" authorityName=": Dow & Turner" authorityYear="1976" box="[666,797,1942,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="433" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFD11F848FD6EF82B" box="[666,683,1943,1968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922814FFBDFD37F849FCD8F82B" box="[700,797,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="433">pulverea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex with the following combination of characters. Males fore femur and tibia entirely or mostly yellow; proximal 3/4–7/8 of mid and hind femora yellow and distal 1/8–1/4 with a blackish brown band; mid and hind tibiae mostly blackish brown with distinct subapical yellow bands that are poorly developed on the hind tibia of some specimens; parameres very broad, arrow-head shaped; aedeagus triangular, slightly narrower than parameres with a rounded apex; and gonostylus with bifurcate apex, the longer inner prong is folded inwardly. Females with same leg coloration and banding patterns as males; with elongate ovoid spermathecae with very short narrow necks (the larger
|
||
<quantity id="1E169B652815FFBCFD75FEDCFC64FE86" box="[766,929,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="0.185" valueMax="0.21" valueMin="0.16">0.16–0.21 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, the smaller
|
||
<quantity id="1E169B652815FFBCFBE1FEDCFAC9FE86" box="[1130,1292,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="0.125" valueMax="0.14" valueMin="0.11">0.11–0.14 mm</quantity>
|
||
long).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802815FFBCFF4CFEF8FD16FACE" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922815FFBCFF4CFEF8FECEFEDA" bold="true" box="[199,267,295,321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Head. Brown. Eyes separated by the width of the diameter of 4–5 ommatidia. Antennal flagellum brown, flagellomeres 1, 11–13 darkest, extreme bases of 11–13 pale; flagellomeres 2–6 vasiform, 7–9 more elongate vasiform, 10–13 slender, greatly elongate, 10 or 13 longest; plume dense, composed of long sensilla chaetica that extend to or near mid-length of flagellomere 11; AR 1.00–1.17 (1.07, n=13); flagellum length 1.54–1.69 (
|
||
<quantity id="1E169B652815FFBCFB6BFE4CFA82FE36" box="[1248,1351,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.61" pageId="5" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="1.61">1.61 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n=13). Palpus moderately elongate; segment 5 extending beyond apex of proboscis; segment 3 slender with apicomesal group of 5–7 long capitate sensilla;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622815FFBCFDAFFE04FD83FE6E" box="[548,582,475,501]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">PR</collectingRegion>
|
||
3.33–4.50 (3.87, n=15). Mandible slender; most specimens with 2–4 slender distal medial teeth and a few small widely spaced lateral teeth; a few specimens with 5–6 moderately large femalelike medial teeth. Thorax. Dark reddish brown. Scutum with moderately dense, coarse short setae, 10–14 very large stout pre-alar setae; scutellum golden with single row of 10–12 long stout setae. Fore femur yellow, or with basal section partially or entirely light brown, some specimens with a narrow brown apical band; mid femur yellow with narrow dark blackish brown apical band; hind femur yellowish, apical ¼ with dark blackish brown band, some specimens with light brown basal band; 4–9 fore, 1–4 mid, 1–5 hind ventral femoral spines. Fore tibia yellowish with narrow brown apical band, some with broader subapical light brown band; mid tibia dark brown, subapical 1/2–2/3 with yellowish to light brown band; hind tibia dark brown with poorly defined yellowish narrow to broader subapical band; tibiae with more or less 2 rows of stout dorsal spines, most numerous, largest on hind leg; 2–3 fore, 2–4 mid, hind large apical tibial spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D52A052815FFBCFDD0FC9CFD58FCC6" box="[603,669,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tarsi with tarsomeres 1–3 yellowish, 4–5 brownish; claws smaller than females. Wing moderately narrow, membrane very lightly infuscated, darkest below radial cell; costa, radius, basal section of medius yellowish brown, posterior veins slightly infuscated, well developed; WL 1.95–2.35 (
|
||
<quantity id="1E169B652815FFBCFAE2FC54FF00FC52" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n=15), WW 0.51–0.64 (
|
||
<quantity id="1E169B652815FFBCFE5CFC71FDF8FC52" box="[471,573,942,969]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="0.55">0.55 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n=15); CR 0.68–0.71 (0.70, n=15). Halter brown. Abdomen. Tergites reddish brown, sternites dusky brown; both with dense long coarse setae. Genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D52A052815FFBCFC79FC0CFB9AFC76" box="[1010,1119,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergite 9 moderately long, very broad; cerci long, broad, extending ¾ length of gonocoxite. Sternite 9 long with deep apico-central excavation, inner margin with dense fringe of long fine setae, elongate slender apicolateral arms extend just below aedeagus apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D52A052815FFBCFF56FBE0FEE1FBC2" box="[221,292,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonocoxite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D52A052815FFBCFE45FBE0FDD7FBC2" box="[462,530,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) straight, stout; gonostylus moderately long, straight to slightly curved distally, apex bifurcate, outer prong short with pointed tip, inner prong slightly longer, overlaping inner apex. Parameres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D52A052815FFBCFF2BFB58FF26FB3A" box="[160,227,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) fused; basal arms broad, curved, greatly divergent, heavily sclerotized with rounded apices; apical section very broad, more lightly sclerotized, arrow-head shaped with tapered rounded apex. Aedeagus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D52A052815FFBCFB41FB74FAC8FB5E" box="[1226,1293,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) broadly triangular, slightly narrower than parameres; basal arch moderately shallow, extending 1/3 of total length; basal arms widely spaced, heavily sclerotized, with usually recurved apices; main body more lightly sclerotized with short basolateral shoulder-like extensions; distal portion abruptly tapered with narrow rounded apex and very lightly sclerotized, broader underlying hyaline membrane.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802815FFBCFF4CFA80FC94F846" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922815FFBCFF4CFA80FEE0FAE2" bold="true" box="[199,293,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Females with similar body and legs color patterns as males, and the following notable sexual and other differences. Head. Eyes separated by the width of 2–3 ommatidia. Antennal flagellum with proximal 1/2–3/4 of flagellomeres 1–8 pale yellow or white, distal 1/4–1/2 darker brown; flagellomere 1 twice as long as 2–8; 2–8 with poorly developed central whorl of moderately long stout sensillae chaetica; 9–13 greatly elongate, 13 usually longest (12 longest in
|
||
<specimenCount id="CFE8FD092815FFBCFE07FA30FDC9F991" box="[396,524,1519,1546]" pageId="5" pageNumber="434" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
) with numerous thinner hyaline setae; AR 1.35–1.53 (1.45, n=4); flagellum length 1.19–1.25 (
|
||
<quantity id="1E169B652815FFBCFE9DF9CCFEB8F9B6" box="[278,381,1555,1581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" pageId="5" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="1.23">1.23 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n=4). Palpus with slightly shorter segment 3;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622815FFBCFC0DF9CCFC6DF9B6" box="[902,936,1555,1581]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">PR</collectingRegion>
|
||
2.82–3.60 (3.32, n=4). Mandible broad with 7-8 large, medial retrorse distal teeth, 3–5 smaller proximal medial teeth; 2–5 very small widely spaced lateral teeth. Thorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D52A052815FFBCFF71F984FE84F9EE" box="[250,321,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Scutum with 5–6 large stout pre-alar setae; scutellum with 6–8 long stout setae. Femora, tibiae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D52A052815FFBCFF2BF9A0FF26F902" box="[160,227,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) with same coloration, banding pattern as males except yellowish subapical hind tibial band broader, better developed; 5–8 fore, 1–2 mid, 1–4 hind femoral ventral spines; tibiae with 3 large stout apical spines; claws larger, longer than males with large inner teeth arising near mid-length. Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D52A052815FFBCFC26F918FC2AF97A" box="[941,1007,1734,1761]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) broader than males with longer costa, radial cell; WL 2.28–2.37 (
|
||
<quantity id="1E169B652815FFBCFE4EF934FDE9F89E" box="[453,556,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.33" pageId="5" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="2.33">2.33 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n=4), WW 0.78–0.80 (
|
||
<quantity id="1E169B652815FFBCFCBEF934FC59F89E" box="[821,924,1771,1797]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="0.79">0.79 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n=4); CR 0.76–0.77 (0.77, n=4). Halter stem light brown, knob with distal 1/2–3/4 dark blackish brown. Abdomen(
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D52A052815FFBCFC21F8D0FC2AF8B1" box="[938,1007,1807,1834]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergites with moderately dense long slender setae; sternites with sparse shorter setae. Pair of internal abdominal tergal apodemes arising from near posterior margin of tergite 7, extending anteriorly to or near anterior margin of tergite 2. Sternite 9 heavily sclerotized; anterior prongs of each side moderately long, nearly straight, apices narrowly separated; posterior prongs short, widely separated. Spermathecae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41D52A052815FFBCFD9EF840FD9FF821" box="[533,602,1951,1978]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" captionTargetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[185,1403,181,1908]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Bezzia pulverea. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="434">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) unequal-size, elongate ovoid, necks very short, openings narrow; larger 0.16–0.21 (
|
||
<quantity id="1E169B652815FFBCFE9DF81CFEB8F846" box="[278,381,1987,2013]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="0.19">0.19 mm</quantity>
|
||
) long, smaller 0.11–0.14 (
|
||
<quantity id="1E169B652815FFBCFD29F81CFCCCF846" box="[674,777,1987,2013]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="0.13">0.13 mm</quantity>
|
||
) long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8D9166082816FFBFFF1CF853FEBEF877" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4425549" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4425549" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4425549/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="435" startId="6.[151,264,1932,1956]" targetBox="[231,1392,192,1896]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802816FFBFFF1CF853FEBEF877" blockId="6.[151,1436,1932,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="435">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922816FFBFFF1CF853FEF3F83F" bold="true" box="[151,310,1932,1956]" pageId="6" pageNumber="435">FIGURES 1–6</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032816FFBFFECEF852FE22F83F" authorityName=": Dow & Turner" authorityYear="1976" box="[325,487,1932,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922816FFBFFECEF852FE22F83F" box="[325,487,1932,1956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="435">Bezzia pulverea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Male, 1–3, Female, 4–6. 1 Apical mid-tibial spines. 2 Genitalia at focal level of aedeagus, gonocoxites and gonostyli. 3 Genitalia at focal level of sternite 9 and parameres. 4 Thorax and legs. 5 Wing. 6 Abdomen, ventral view of spermathecae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802817FFBEFF4CFF48FD6CFE86" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="69863CDD2817FFBEFF4CFF48FA99FF2A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3042855360" box="[199,1372,151,177]" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Willis Wirth" location="The" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="DC31605B2817FFBEFF4CFF48FF36FF2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514787962814FFBEFF1CFA22FCD9F992:DC31605B2817FFBEFF4CFF48FF36FF2A" box="[199,243,151,177]" name="The" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">The</location>
|
||
above description is based on four slide-mounted females in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="BFFFAE452817FFBEFC68FF48FBF1FF2A" box="[995,1076,151,177]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="741B53562817FFBEFB5BFF48FA99FF2A" box="[1232,1372,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Willis Wirth</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="69863CDD2817FFBEFAEDFF48FD6CFE86" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3042855421" collectingDate="1952-06-11" collectionCode="COMP" county="Dyke" location="Wirth" municipality="Alexandria" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" specimenCode="WWW 1980" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Virginia">
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCounty id="30304E0C2817FFBEFF1CFF64FF11FF4E" box="[151,212,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Dyke</collectingCounty>
|
||
swamp,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="3935ACFA2817FFBEFEB2FF64FE7DFF4E" box="[313,440,187,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Alexandria</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFE4EFF64FDE5FF4E" box="[453,544,187,213]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Virginia</collectingRegion>
|
||
on
|
||
<date id="AD5010402817FFBEFDC6FF64FD21FF4E" box="[589,740,186,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" value="1952-06-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="BD14E9A82817FFBEFDC6FF64FD21FF4E" box="[589,740,186,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" value="1952-06-11">11 June 1952</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
that he identified and labeled “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032817FFBEFBC0FF64FA4AFF4D" authority="(Coquillett)" baseAuthorityName="Coquillett" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[1099,1423,187,214]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFBC0FF64FB3BFF4E" box="[1099,1278,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Bezzia pulverea</emphasis>
|
||
(Coquillett)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”.
|
||
<location id="DC31605B2817FFBEFF1CFF00FF12FF62" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514787962814FFBEFF1CFA22FCD9F992:DC31605B2817FFBEFF1CFF00FF12FF62" box="[151,215,223,249]" county="Dyke" municipality="Alexandria" name="Wirth" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" stateProvince="Virginia">Wirth</location>
|
||
added a 2
|
||
<superScript id="2E9B9BC82817FFBEFEC7FF01FE99FF77" attach="left" box="[332,348,222,236]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">nd</superScript>
|
||
label on the slide of one female on which he wrote “Excellent for leg banding – very much like the
|
||
<typeStatus id="065588222817FFBEFF4BFEDCFF35FE86" box="[192,240,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">type</typeStatus>
|
||
band.
|
||
<collectionCode id="BFFFAE452817FFBEFEB7FEDCFE49FE86" box="[316,396,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">COMP</collectionCode>
|
||
. W.
|
||
<typeStatus id="065588222817FFBEFE30FEDCFDC4FE86" box="[443,513,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCode id="89489EFB2817FFBEFD83FEDCFD5FFE86" box="[520,666,259,285]" collectionCode="WWW" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">WWW 1980</specimenCode>
|
||
.”
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802817FFBEFF4CFEF9FCC2FD32" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFF4CFEF9FD0FFEDB" bold="true" box="[199,714,294,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">
|
||
Re-description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="065588222817FFBEFE2AFEF8FDCDFEDA" box="[417,520,295,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female (on pin)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
USNM Type No. 5459. Examined
|
||
<date id="AD5010402817FFBEFBE9FEF8FACBFEDA" box="[1122,1294,295,321]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" value="2009-08-06">6 August 2009</date>
|
||
. Head. Eyes silvery iridescent, narrowly separated. Antennal scape golden; both flagella lost. Palpi missing. Frontoclypeus, proboscis medium brown. Thorax. Golden brown with silvery pollen. Scutum with moderately dense short setae, median brown stripe, short sub-lateral brown stripes on distal half, anterolateral margins pale golden yellow; scutellum golden-yellow with darker anterocentral spot in depression. Fore femur, tibia golden yellow, femoro-tibial joint, apex of tibia brown (subapical light brown band depicted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712817FFBEFCD8FE04FBFEFE6E" author="Dow, M. I. & Turner, E. C." box="[851,1083,475,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref31215" refString="Dow, M. I. & Turner, E. C. (1976) A revision of the Nearctic species of the genus Bezzia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Occasional Papers from the Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Research Division Bulletin, 103, 1 - 162. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 110104 fv" type="journal article" year="1976">Dow & Turner 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
not visible); mid femur brown on base, distal ¼, middle ½ with golden yellow band, tibia brown on basal 2/3, golden yellow subapical band; hind femur, tibia with same pattern as mid leg; fore femur with 6-8 ventral spines on distal 2/3, mid, hind femora each with 3-4 ventral spines on distal 1/3; tarsi yellowish, tarsomeres apices brown, claws moderately long with basal inner teeth. Wing including veins hyaline. Halter stem golden, knob darker brown. Abdomen. Dark brown on dorsum; venter light brown on proximal ½, distal ½ dark brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="91F4650B2817FFBEFF4CFD6DFB0DFC8E" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802817FFBEFF4CFD6DFB0DFC8E" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFF4CFD6DFC81FD56" bold="true" box="[199,836,690,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">
|
||
Comments on Coquillett’s description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="065588222817FFBEFD5DFD6CFCFAFD56" box="[726,831,691,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712817FFBEFCC1FD6CFBCFFD56" author="Coquillett, D. W." box="[842,1034,691,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" pagination="593 - 618" refId="ref31029" refString="Coquillett, D. W. (1901) New Diptera in the U. S. National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 23, 593 - 618. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.23 - 1225.593" type="journal article" year="1901">Coquillett (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that the antennae were brown and that the distal halves of the flagellomeres and palpi were yellow. However, both of these structures are now lost. Regardless, my above re-description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="065588222817FFBEFDF4FD24FD24FC8E" box="[639,737,763,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is similar to that of slide-mounted females.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="91F4650B2817FFBEFF4CFCC1FBFBFAAA" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802817FFBEFF4CFCC1FBA0FBC2" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFF4CFCC1FEA4FCA3" bold="true" box="[199,353,798,824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is known only from the Coastal Plain of the mid-Atlantic states of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFB66FCC0FA9EFCA2" box="[1261,1371,799,825]" country="United States of America" name="Delaware" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Delaware</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFAECFCC0FF1BFCC6" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFF61FC9CFE53FCC6" box="[234,406,835,861]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFE29FC9CFE38FCC6" box="[418,509,835,861]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Virginia</collectingRegion>
|
||
and from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFDF9FC9CFD3FFCC6" box="[626,762,835,861]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Washington</collectingRegion>
|
||
, D. C. However, the type locality (Riverton,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFB7DFC9CFABEFCC6" box="[1270,1403,835,861]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||
) is located on the east bank of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFE7EFCB8FDA5FC1A" box="[501,608,871,897]" country="United States of America" name="Delaware" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Delaware</collectingRegion>
|
||
River across from Philadelphia,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFC59FCB8FBAFFC1A" box="[978,1130,871,897]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
|
||
, so it also likely inhabits at least the SE portion of that state, as well as
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFD0AFC54FD2BFC3E" box="[641,750,907,933]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFCAEFC54FC17FC3E" box="[805,978,907,933]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
. It may be more widespread than current records suggest, but, it has been rarely collected since it was originally described by Coquillett. A related predaceous species in the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032817FFBEFEFEFC0CFDC4FC76" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1936" box="[373,513,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Palpomyiini">Palpomyiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032817FFBEFD86FC0CFC69FC76" authority="(Malloch, 1915)" baseAuthorityName="Malloch" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[525,940,978,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Palpomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cressoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFD86FC0CFD2FFC77" box="[525,746,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Palpomyia cressoni</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712817FFBEFD70FC0CFC61FC76" author="Malloch, J. R." box="[763,932,978,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" pagination="275 - 543" refId="ref32203" refString="Malloch, J. R. (1915) The Chironomidae, or midges, of Illinois, with particular reference to the species occurring in the Illinois River. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 10, 275 - 543, 24 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.21900 / j. inhs. v 10.376" type="journal article" year="1915">Malloch, 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, has a similar mid-Atlantic distribution, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="065588222817FFBEFF1CFC28FF3CFB8A" box="[151,249,1015,1041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female of which was collected by E. T. Cresson from Swarthmore,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFB8AFC28FBA9FB8A" box="[1025,1132,1015,1041]" country="United States of America" name="Delaware" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Delaware</collectingRegion>
|
||
Co.,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFB27FC28FA84FB8A" box="[1196,1345,1015,1041]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
|
||
(SW of Philadelphia).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712817FFBEFEB7FBC4FD86FBAE" author="Grogan, W. L. Jr. & Wirth, W. W." box="[316,579,1050,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" refId="ref31483" refString="Grogan, W. L. Jr. & Wirth, W. W. (1975) A revision of the genus Palpomyia Meigen of northeastern North America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). University of Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station Miscellaneous Publication 875. University of Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station, College Park, Maryland, 49 pp." type="book" year="1975">Grogan & Wirth (1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712817FFBEFDDAFBC4FD4FFBAE" author="Grogan, W. L. Jr. & Wirth, W. W." box="[593,650,1051,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref31543" refString="Grogan, W. L. Jr. & Wirth, W. W. (1979) The North American predaceous midges of the genus Palpomyia Meigen (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington, 8, i-vi + 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) subsequently recorded that species from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFBE0FBC4FB1EFBAE" box="[1131,1243,1051,1077]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFB63FBC4FAAEFBAE" box="[1256,1387,1051,1077]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFF1CFBE0FF30FBC2" box="[151,245,1087,1113]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Virginia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and it was more recently reported from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFD30FBE0FCE5FBC2" box="[699,800,1087,1113]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712817FFBEFCA5FBE0FB9CFBC2" author="Borkent, A. & Grogan, W. L. Jr." box="[814,1113,1087,1113]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref30656" refString="Borkent, A. & Grogan, W. L. Jr. (2009) Catalog of the New World biting midges north of Mexico (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa, 2273 (1), 1 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2273.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">Borkent and Grogan 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802817FFBEFF4CFBBDFCA8FB3A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFF4CFBBDFDD2FBE6" bold="true" box="[199,535,1122,1149]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Derivation of specific name.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032817FFBEFD77FBBCFC98FBE6" baseAuthorityName="Coquillett" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[764,861,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFD77FBBCFC98FBE6" box="[764,861,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">pulverea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was based on the Latin term,
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFB31FBBCFB2FFBE6" box="[1210,1258,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">pulv</emphasis>
|
||
(powder, dust), in reference to the pollinose body of the pinned female
|
||
<typeStatus id="065588222817FFBEFC8FFB58FCAFFB3A" box="[772,874,1159,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802817FFBEFF4CFB75FBFBFAAA" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFF4CFB75FE02FB5F" bold="true" box="[199,455,1194,1220]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="69863CDD2817FFBEFE44FB74FA97FB5E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3042855315" box="[463,1362,1195,1221]" collectingDate="1937-06-06" collectionCode="VI" collectorName="G. H. Bradley" county="New Castle Co." location="Port Penn" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Delaware">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFE44FB74FDAFFB5E" box="[463,618,1195,1221]" country="United States of America" name="Delaware" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">DELAWARE</collectingRegion>
|
||
, (
|
||
<collectingCounty id="30304E0C2817FFBEFDF5FB74FCF0FB5E" box="[638,821,1195,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">New Castle Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="DC31605B2817FFBEFCC1FB74FC79FB5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514787962814FFBEFF1CFA22FCD9F992:DC31605B2817FFBEFCC1FB74FC79FB5E" box="[842,956,1195,1221]" county="New Castle Co." name="Port Penn" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" stateProvince="Delaware">Port Penn</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="AD5010402817FFBEFC43FB74FBFBFB5E" box="[968,1086,1195,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" value="1937-06-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="BD14E9A82817FFBEFC43FB74FBFBFB5E" box="[968,1086,1195,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" value="1937-06-06">
|
||
6
|
||
<collectionCode id="BFFFAE452817FFBEFC55FB74FC39FB5E" box="[990,1020,1195,1221]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
1937
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="741B53562817FFBEFBC1FB74FB2EFB5E" box="[1098,1259,1195,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">G. H. Bradley</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="CFE8FD092817FFBEFB7CFB74FA97FB5E" box="[1271,1362,1195,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="69863CDD2817FFBEFAD6FB74FB48FB71" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3042855381" collectionCode="TYPE" collectorName="July, C. W & Johnson" county="Burlington Co." location="Riverton" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="New Jersey">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFAD6FB74FF3FFB72" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">NEW JERSEY</collectingRegion>
|
||
, (
|
||
<collectingCounty id="30304E0C2817FFBEFE9AFB10FE07FB72" box="[273,450,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Burlington Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="DC31605B2817FFBEFE51FB10FDFAFB72" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514787962814FFBEFF1CFA22FCD9F992:DC31605B2817FFBEFE51FB10FDFAFB72" box="[474,575,1231,1257]" county="Burlington Co." name="Riverton" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" stateProvince="New Jersey">Riverton</location>
|
||
, 3
|
||
<collectorName id="741B53562817FFBEFDE3FB10FD22FB72" box="[616,743,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">July, C. W</collectorName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="741B53562817FFBEFD7EFB10FC91FB72" box="[757,852,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Johnson</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="CFE8FD092817FFBEFCE8FB10FC0CFB72" box="[867,969,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="065588222817FFBEFC57FB10FBE3FB72" box="[988,1062,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<collectionCode id="BFFFAE452817FFBEFC57FB10FBE3FB72" box="[988,1062,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">TYPE</collectionCode>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
, on pin)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="69863CDD2817FFBEFB17FB10FB9EFA96" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3042855350" collectingDate="1972-04-20" collectorName="Mrs. L. Henry" county="Georgetown Co." location="Hobcaw House" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-male="13" stateProvince="South Carolina">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFB17FB10FA5DFB72" box="[1180,1432,1231,1257]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">SOUTH CAROLINA</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="30304E0C2817FFBEFF1CFB2CFE91FA96" box="[151,340,1267,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Georgetown Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="DC31605B2817FFBEFEE9FB2CFDD7FA96" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514787962814FFBEFF1CFA22FCD9F992:DC31605B2817FFBEFEE9FB2CFDD7FA96" box="[354,530,1267,1293]" county="Georgetown Co." name="Hobcaw House" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" stateProvince="South Carolina">Hobcaw House</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="AD5010402817FFBEFDABFB2CFD7CFA96" box="[544,697,1267,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" value="1972-04-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="BD14E9A82817FFBEFDABFB2CFD7CFA96" box="[544,697,1267,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" value="1972-04-20">20 Apr. 1972</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="741B53562817FFBEFD4DFB2CFCAEFA96" box="[710,875,1267,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Mrs. L. Henry</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMethod id="00AF4E972817FFBEFCF3FB2CFC26FA96" box="[888,995,1267,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">light trap</collectingMethod>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="CFE8FD092817FFBEFC7AFB2CFB9EFA96" box="[1009,1115,1267,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="male">13 males</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="69863CDD2817FFBEFBECFB2CFD30FAAA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3042855412" collectingDate="1962-06-11" collectorName="W. Wirth & Dyke" location="Alexandria" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Virginia">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B2AF8622817FFBEFBECFB2CFB2CFA96" box="[1127,1257,1267,1293]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">VIRGINIA</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="DC31605B2817FFBEFB7EFB2CFAB1FA96" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:514787962814FFBEFF1CFA22FCD9F992:DC31605B2817FFBEFB7EFB2CFAB1FA96" box="[1269,1396,1267,1293]" name="Alexandria" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" stateProvince="Virginia">Alexandria</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="AD5010402817FFBEFA0AFB2CFEC8FAAA" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" value="1962-06-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="BD14E9A82817FFBEFA0AFB2CFEC8FAAA" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" value="1962-06-11">11 June 1962</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="741B53562817FFBEFE9CFAC8FEBAFAAA" box="[279,383,1303,1329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">W. Wirth</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="741B53562817FFBEFE00FAC8FE0DFAAA" box="[395,456,1303,1329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Dyke</collectorName>
|
||
swamp,
|
||
<specimenCount id="CFE8FD092817FFBEFDA7FAC8FDBFFAAA" box="[556,634,1303,1329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="CFE8FD092817FFBEFD0EFAC8FD30FAAA" box="[645,757,1303,1329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. (all specimens from USNM)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="91F4650B2817FFBEFF4CFAE5FCD9F992" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="D95136802817FFBEFF4CFAE5FCD9F992" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFF4CFAE5FE89FACF" bold="true" box="[199,332,1338,1364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712817FFBEFED8FAE4FD41FACD" author="Dow, M. I. & Turner, E. C." box="[339,644,1339,1366]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref31215" refString="Dow, M. I. & Turner, E. C. (1976) A revision of the Nearctic species of the genus Bezzia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Occasional Papers from the Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Research Division Bulletin, 103, 1 - 162. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 110104 fv" type="journal article" year="1976">Dow and Turner (1976: 68)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032817FFBEFCA3FAE4FC6DFACE" baseAuthorityName="Coquillett" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[808,936,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFCA3FAE4FC6DFACE" box="[808,936,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">B. pulverea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was listed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712817FFBEFBCDFAE4FAE5FACE" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[1094,1312,1339,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" pagination="292 - 364" refId="ref32044" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1917) Chironomides d'Amerique conserves au Musee National Hongrois de Budapest. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 15, 292 - 364." type="journal article" year="1917">Kieffer (1917: 330)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A1F976102817FFBEFAE8FAE4FF0FFAE2" name="Hungary" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Hungary</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but, this is obviously incorrect because Kieffer’s key was only for New World species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032817FFBEFB48FA80FAC9FAE3" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1899" box="[1219,1292,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFB48FA80FAC9FAE3" box="[1219,1292,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">Bezzia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, the current online catalog of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032817FFBEFE51FA5CFD5CFA06" box="[474,665,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ceratopogonidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Europe by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712817FFBEFCB2FA5CFB93FA06" author="Szadziewski, R. & Borkent, A. & Dominiak, P." box="[825,1110,1411,1437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" refId="ref32750" refString="Szadziewski, R., Borkent, A. & Dominiak, P. (2013) Ceratopogonidae. Fauna Europaea (includes a list of all European species of Ceratopogonidae). Last updated January 2013. Available from: https: // fauna-eu. org (accessed 15 March 2019)" type="journal volume" year="2013">
|
||
Szadziewski
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFC47FA5CFC38FA06" box="[972,1021,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
does not include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032817FFBEFA97FA5CFA59FA06" baseAuthorityName="Coquillett" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[1308,1436,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFA97FA5CFA59FA06" box="[1308,1436,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">B. pulverea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(confirmed by R. Szadziewski 2019). In their review of Florida records of ceratopogonids, although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712817FFBEFA80FA78FEC3FA7E" author="Wilkening, A. J. & Kline, D. L. & Wirth, W. W." pageId="7" pageNumber="436" pagination="511 - 537" refId="ref32803" refString="Wilkening, A. J., Kline, D. L. & Wirth, W. W. (1985) An annotated checklist of the Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) of Florida with a new synonymy. Florida Entomologist, 68, 511 - 537. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3494854" type="journal article" year="1985">
|
||
Wilkening
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFA03FA78FF68FA7E" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1985)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEE4D032817FFBEFEDAFA14FE14FA7E" baseAuthorityName="Coquillett" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[337,465,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Bezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulverea">
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFEDAFA14FE14FA7E" box="[337,465,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">B. pulverea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from that state, they noted that Florida records were not available for this species, and this was subsequently confirmed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD7F4B712817FFBEFDA4FA30FCD2F992" author="Grogan, W. L. Jr. & Hribar, L. J. & Murphree, C. S. & Cilek, J. E." box="[559,791,1519,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="436" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref31416" refString="Grogan, W. L. Jr., Hribar, L. J., Murphree, C. S. & Cilek, J. E. (2010) New records of biting and predaceous midges from Florida, including species new to the fauna of the United States (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Insecta Mundi, 0147, 1 - 59." type="book chapter" year="2010">
|
||
Grogan
|
||
<emphasis id="EB9AEA922817FFBEFD01FA30FD79F992" box="[650,700,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="436">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |