445 lines
51 KiB
XML
445 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document id="8D8936E1E4885079823BD9CC58C7E40C" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4180.1.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4180.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b4fade9b-5b2c-4855-973e-3ef871e879f1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="164222" ID-ZooBank="EADF5552-8FDF-4AD6-95CB-B7AACE764F97" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1478070779287" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shear, William A. & Warfel, Joseph G." docDate="2016" docId="039D941BFFF9FFFAD6EAFD9FFCE4DDD7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4180.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4180 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Taracus fluvipileus Shear, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FFA4EC63FFDEFFD3D67DFFF3FFA0DB52" masterDocTitle="The harvestman genus Taracus Simon 1879, and the new genus Oskoron (Opiliones: Ischyropsalidoidea: Taracidae)" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1698391641761" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="A0FC774700F58186121814742A885C08" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0731E3759A8185B1CD4E7FDB63C4F185">
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<mods:title id="DF0D39AF7B1331294B0CF638B7FBD1D4">The harvestman genus Taracus Simon 1879, and the new genus Oskoron (Opiliones: Ischyropsalidoidea: Taracidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="424A97981AA435787DF772FCE36228A9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="910FE466595141FEE9B64F75CC41EE3D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D5B5E22623607443F5F5C9B21020DE62">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2B8C8E8623B9A2E6BF7153419FDCCD6F">Shear, William A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B90257D7F09CE42F80E9859289218A25" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="DA80CF3C0D9F0F794F02C218AEE17DE8">
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<mods:roleTerm id="90DBED2DB540DF0C6B937478FDC646F9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="232EB1D59B98C60BE5D3A5519CAF9A89">Warfel, Joseph G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2980E6E3C2ED8496965C0C7EB4C1D6D2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CC5C09E354EBFDCC00307BC335938964">
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<mods:title id="F52005070A73ADAA857B8334C973CB62">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="5DA8F3C2334E866806BA64E39988A74B">
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<mods:date id="15D2C5A4A8BCF614E951BFCA02475C72">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="6F26C4BCA34A0D8458E00147491F4299" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="BFCAB66773D6BCB3FEAF376349B4BCB8">4180</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="B4EF843259BF7E5DD8A8A2282AEC8DD5" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="214EB8B838590D0F2A13DCFBB47F4C51">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="6C0534D2E5E70DEC5F887CD05AF73BE3">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="6CD36C97428DCC71E71B530E31409EC4">71</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="0FD4FFEB731A1CC7D9B8EFB8ED58E7ED">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AF24D7DC96B041ADC4A068C0978227BF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4180.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AD58646AD52704F9EDCD0CB96323E5FA" type="GBIF-Dataset">b4fade9b-5b2c-4855-973e-3ef871e879f1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AE54A8EE39618B270C7837BDFB5AD1DB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CCE8D514602D837ED92271E66A6304B9" type="Zenodo-Dep">164222</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="58F9049C8F0AE731C27DA2CBD9B16FCD" type="ZooBank">EADF5552-8FDF-4AD6-95CB-B7AACE764F97</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="039D941BFFF9FFFAD6EAFD9FFCE4DDD7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6085269" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124560938" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6085269" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D941BFFF9FFFAD6EAFD9FFCE4DDD7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039D941BFFF9FFFAD6EAFD9FFCE4DDD7" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFF9FFF4D6EAFD9FFED1D9F5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF9FFF4D6EAFD9FFDCAD9D4" blockId="39.[151,618,620,679]" box="[151,618,620,646]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<heading id="D0C39261FFF9FFF4D6EAFD9FFDCAD9D4" bold="true" box="[151,618,620,646]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D6EAFD9FFDCAD9D4" bold="true" box="[151,618,620,646]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF9FFF4D6EAFD9FFE6DD9D4" ID-CoL="7Z5D8" authority="Shear" authorityName="Shear" box="[151,461,620,646]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fluvipileus" status="sp. nov." superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D6EAFD9FFEDED9D4" bold="true" box="[151,382,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Taracus fluvipileus</emphasis>
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Shear
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2734464FFF9FFF4D7A7FD9FFDCAD9D4" box="[474,618,620,646]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF9FFF4D6EAFD7DFED1D9F5" blockId="39.[151,618,620,679]" box="[151,369,654,679]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<figureCitation id="130F3988FFF9FFF4D6EAFD7DFEBED9F5" box="[151,286,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURES 68 – 76" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[164,1416,458,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[164,1424,445,1933]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 68 – 76. Taracus fluvipileus. Fig. 68, female palpus. Fig. 69, male palpus. Fig. 70, penis. Fig. 71, glans penis. Fig. 72, male, dorsal view. Fig. 73, male, lateral view. Fig. 74, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 75, female chelicerae, second article, frontal view. Fig. 76, male chelicerae, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164233/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs. 68–76</figureCitation>
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, Map 4
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFF9FFF4D6EAFD25FBD2D841" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF9FFF4D6EAFD25FBD2D841" blockId="39.[151,1436,726,1003]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<materialsCitation id="3B5C2F50FFF9FFF4D6EAFD25FBD2D841" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324487202" collectingDate="1971-07-26" collectionCode="CAS" collectorName="R. Lem & T. Briggs" county="Siskyou Co." location="Lassen National Forest" municipality="Subway Cave" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="California" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D6EAFD25FF43D9BD" bold="true" box="[151,227,726,751]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<typeStatus id="548F9BAFFFF9FFF4D6EAFD25FF7FD9BD" box="[151,223,726,751]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Types</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Male
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<typeStatus id="548F9BAFFFF9FFF4D751FD25FE31D9BD" box="[300,401,726,751]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, male and female
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<typeStatus id="548F9BAFFFF9FFF4D422FD24FD6AD9BD" box="[607,714,727,751]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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from
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BEFBF77FFF9FFF4D56DFD25FC0ED9BD" box="[784,942,726,751]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Subway Cave</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<locationDeviation id="9A393C2FFFF9FFF4D5C6FD25FB7BD9BD" box="[955,1243,726,751]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF9FFF4D5C6FD25FBA3D9BD" box="[955,1027,726,751]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mi" value="0.5">0.5 mi</quantity>
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NE of Old Station
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</locationDeviation>
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,
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<location id="8EEB73D6FFF9FFF4D29BFD24FF40D840" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039D941BFFF9FFFAD6EAFD9FFCE4DDD7:8EEB73D6FFF9FFF4D29BFD24FF40D840" county="Siskyou Co." municipality="Subway Cave" name="Lassen National Forest" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="California">Lassen National Forest</location>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62EA5D81FFF9FFF4D696FD09FED6D841" box="[235,374,762,787]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Siskyou Co.</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFF9FFF4D7FFFD09FE57D841" box="[386,503,762,787]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">California</collectingRegion>
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, collected
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<date id="FF8A03CDFFF9FFF4D410FD09FD5ED841" box="[621,766,762,787]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1971-07-26">
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<collectingDate id="EFCEFA25FFF9FFF4D410FD09FD5ED841" box="[621,766,762,787]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1971-07-26">26 July 1971</collectingDate>
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</date>
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by
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<collectorName id="26C140DBFFF9FFF4D555FD08FCDCD840" box="[808,892,763,786]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">R. Lem</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName id="26C140DBFFF9FFF4D5CFFD08FBBAD841" box="[946,1050,762,787]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">T. Briggs</collectorName>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED25BDC8FFF9FFF4D254FD08FBC5D841" box="[1065,1125,763,787]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">CAS</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFF9FFF4D6BAFCEDFDC5D8B9" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF9FFF4D6BAFCEDFDC5D8B9" blockId="39.[151,1436,726,1003]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D6BAFCEDFEE1D865" bold="true" box="[199,321,798,823]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This species could only be confused with
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF9FFF4D554FCECFC7BD865" box="[809,987,798,823]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni" status="sp. nov." superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D554FCECFC7BD865" box="[809,987,798,823]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">T. marchingtoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D599FCEDFB84D865" bold="true" box="[996,1060,798,823]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2734464FFF9FFF4D599FCEDFB84D865" box="[996,1060,798,823]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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, because of its range in northern
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<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFF9FFF4D6EAFCB1FEACD809" box="[151,268,834,859]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">California</collectingRegion>
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, extremely long and thin legs, palpi and chelicerae, and reduced eyes. However,
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF9FFF4D2F1FCB1FA82D809" box="[1164,1314,834,859]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D2F1FCB1FA82D809" box="[1164,1314,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">marchingtoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has longer chelicerae than
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D738FC95FE61D82D" box="[325,449,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF9FFF4D738FC95FE1DD82D" box="[325,445,870,895]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fluvipileus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">fluvipileus</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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while
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF9FFF4D471FC95FD21D82D" box="[524,641,870,895]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fluvipileus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D471FC95FD21D82D" box="[524,641,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">fluvipileus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has longer legs and palpi (compare
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<tableCitation id="C6B610B6FFF9FFF4D26CFC95FBC3D82D" box="[1041,1123,870,895]" captionStart="TABLE 9" captionStartId="38.[151,239,254,277]" captionTargetBox="[163,1298,305,534]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="TABLE 9. Lengths in mm of palpal and leg articles of male Taracus marchingtoni." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4B7585FFF8FFF5D6EAFF0DFBAEDA47" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" tableUuid="DF4B7585FFF8FFF5D6EAFF0DFBAEDA47">Table 9</tableCitation>
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with
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<tableCitation id="C6B610B6FFF9FFF4D2DCFC95FAA0D82D" box="[1185,1280,870,895]" captionStart="TABLE 11" captionStartId="39.[151,239,1046,1069]" captionTargetBox="[155,1303,1097,1326]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="TABLE 11. Lengths in mm of palpal and leg articles of male Taracus fluvipileus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4B7585FFF9FFF4D6EAFBE5FC5ADF7F" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" tableUuid="DF4B7585FFF9FFF4D6EAFBE5FC5ADF7F">Table 11</tableCitation>
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) especially in comparison to its smaller body length.
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF9FFF4D434FC7FFCBED8F1" box="[585,798,906,931]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fluvipileus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D434FC7FFCBED8F1" box="[585,798,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Taracus fluvipileus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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males have two small anterior abdominal sclerites (these are not seen in most
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF9FFF4D7FFFC5DFDB8D895" box="[386,536,942,967]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D7FFFC5DFDB8D895" box="[386,536,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">marchingtoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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males) and the penis is shorter and wider. While both species are found in lava tubes, the localities are far apart (Map 4).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF4B7585FFF9FFF4D6EAFBE5FC5ADF7F" ID-Table-UUID="DF4B7585FFF9FFF4D6EAFBE5FC5ADF7F" box="[151,1018,1046,1069]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4B7585FFF9FFF4D6EAFBE5FC5ADF7F" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" targetBox="[155,1303,1097,1326]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="39">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF9FFF4D6EAFBE5FC5ADF7F" blockId="39.[151,1018,1046,1069]" box="[151,1018,1046,1069]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D6EAFBE5FEB6DF7F" bold="true" box="[151,278,1046,1069]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">TABLE 11.</emphasis>
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Lengths in mm of palpal and leg articles of male
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<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF9FFF4D555FBE5FC57DF7F" box="[808,1015,1046,1069]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fluvipileus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">Taracus fluvipileus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF9FFF4D718FBB9FAA1DE7C" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||
<table id="F934D7ADFFF9002CD6E6FBBAFAB7DE7C" box="[155,1303,1097,1326]" gridcols="6" gridrows="6" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<tr id="3504274FFFF9002CD6E6FBBAFAB7DF0D" box="[155,1303,1097,1119]" gridrow="0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF9002CD718FBBAFE07DF0D" box="[357,423,1097,1119]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Femur</th>
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<th id="76D54E33FFF9002CD456FBBAFDD1DF0D" box="[555,625,1097,1119]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Patella</th>
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||
<th id="76D54E33FFF9002CD578FBBAFC9ADF0D" box="[773,826,1097,1119]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tibia</th>
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||
<th id="76D54E33FFF9002CD5D4FBBAFBB8DF0D" box="[937,1048,1097,1119]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Metatarsus</th>
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<th id="76D54E33FFF9002CD2A8FBBAFAB7DF0D" box="[1237,1303,1097,1119]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tarsus</th>
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||
</tr>
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<tr id="3504274FFFF9002CD6E6FB81FAB7DFDA" box="[155,1303,1138,1160]" gridrow="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF9002CD6E6FB81FF7FDFDA" box="[155,223,1138,1160]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Palpus</th>
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||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD718FB81FE07DFDA" box="[357,423,1138,1160]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">7.08</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD456FB81FDD1DFDA" box="[555,625,1138,1160]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">3.65</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD578FB81FC9ADFDA" box="[773,826,1138,1160]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">6.03</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD5D4FB81FBB8DFDA" box="[937,1048,1138,1160]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD2A8FB81FAB7DFDA" box="[1237,1303,1138,1160]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">1.22</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3504274FFFF9002CD6E6FB6FFAB7DFE0" box="[155,1303,1180,1202]" gridrow="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF9002CD6E6FB6FFF7FDFE0" box="[155,223,1180,1202]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Leg 1</th>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD718FB6FFE07DFE0" box="[357,423,1180,1202]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">6,25</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD456FB6FFDD1DFE0" box="[555,625,1180,1202]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">1.31</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD578FB6FFC9ADFE0" box="[773,826,1180,1202]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">3.87</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD5D4FB6FFBB8DFE0" box="[937,1048,1180,1202]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">7.19</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD2A8FB6FFAB7DFE0" box="[1237,1303,1180,1202]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">4.81</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3504274FFFF9002CD6E6FB36FAB7DF89" box="[155,1303,1221,1243]" gridrow="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF9002CD6E6FB36FF7FDF89" box="[155,223,1221,1243]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Leg 2</th>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD718FB36FE07DF89" box="[357,423,1221,1243]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">8.81</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD456FB36FDD1DF89" box="[555,625,1221,1243]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">1.63</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD578FB36FC9ADF89" box="[773,826,1221,1243]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">7.25</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD5D4FB36FBB8DF89" box="[937,1048,1221,1243]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">10.75</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD2A8FB36FAB7DF89" box="[1237,1303,1221,1243]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">8.88</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3504274FFFF9002CD6E6FB1DFAB7DE56" box="[155,1303,1262,1284]" gridrow="4" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF9002CD6E6FB1DFF7FDE56" box="[155,223,1262,1284]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Leg 3</th>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD718FB1DFE07DE56" box="[357,423,1262,1284]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">5.63</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD456FB1DFDD1DE56" box="[555,625,1262,1284]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">1.25</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD578FB1DFC9ADE56" box="[773,826,1262,1284]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">4.06</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD5D4FB1DFBB8DE56" box="[937,1048,1262,1284]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">7.88</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD2A8FB1DFAB7DE56" box="[1237,1303,1262,1284]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">5.63</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3504274FFFF9002CD6E6FAEBFAB7DE7C" box="[155,1303,1304,1326]" gridrow="5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF9002CD6E6FAEBFF7FDE7C" box="[155,223,1304,1326]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Leg 4</th>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD718FAEBFE07DE7C" box="[357,423,1304,1326]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">7.19</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD456FAEBFDD1DE7C" box="[555,625,1304,1326]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">1.38</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD578FAEBFC9ADE7C" box="[773,826,1304,1326]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">5.31</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD5D4FAEBFBB8DE7C" box="[937,1048,1304,1326]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">10.93</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF9002CD2A8FAEBFAB7DE7C" box="[1237,1303,1304,1326]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">6.69</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFF9FFF4D6BAFA9EFCB9DEF8" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF9FFF4D6BAFA9EFCB9DEF8" blockId="39.[151,1437,1389,2026]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D6BAFA9EFEEEDED4" bold="true" box="[199,334,1389,1414]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species epithet is a Latinization of “Hat Creek,” in recognition of the fact that all known localities for this species are in the Hat Creek Lava Flow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFF9FFFAD6BAFA46FEC9DAA7" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF9FFF4D6BAFA46FB0ADC08" blockId="39.[151,1437,1389,2026]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D6BAFA46FEF9DE9C" bold="true" box="[199,345,1461,1486]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF9FFF4D719FA46FD2BDE9F" box="[356,651,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Male from Subway Cave.</emphasis>
|
||
Total length,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF9FFF4D549FA45FC31DE9F" box="[820,913,1462,1486]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Carapace medium to dark chestnut brown, lightly sclerotized in general, more so laterally; central region strongly domed; midline sulcus closed, reaching anterior margin of ocularium. Ocularium relatively low, as wide as long, rounded, higher behind, with few small setae; unpigmented eyes reduced to about one-half diameter of those of epigean species. Metapelitidium lightly sclerotized, with short row of small setae; sensory cone white, darker distally, very long, acute, inclined forward. Abdomen soft, white, unsclerotized, set with few scattered, small, black setae on small sclerotized plaques, very lightly sclerotized midline patches on first two areas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F3988FFF9FFF4D574F97EFC38DDF4" box="[777,920,1677,1702]" captionStart="FIGURES 68 – 76" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[164,1416,458,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[164,1424,445,1933]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 68 – 76. Taracus fluvipileus. Fig. 68, female palpus. Fig. 69, male palpus. Fig. 70, penis. Fig. 71, glans penis. Fig. 72, male, dorsal view. Fig. 73, male, lateral view. Fig. 74, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 75, female chelicerae, second article, frontal view. Fig. 76, male chelicerae, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164233/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs. 72, 73</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventrally, coxae white. Palpal and first leg coxae white to tan, with stout setae on distinct tubercles on palpal coxae only, second to fourth leg coxae pale tan, with strong, black setae not on tubercles. Five or six setae in two groups on lightly sclerotized patches mark presumed position of thoracic sternum. Second coxal endites long, narrow, separate from coxae. Genital operculum apically rounded, heavily setose, pale tan with large, dark brown spots. Venter of abdomen with setae in irregular rows on lightly sclerotized transverse bands marking positions indistinct abdominal sternites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF9FFFBD6BAF896FE3DDB86" blockId="39.[151,1437,1389,2026]" lastBlockId="40.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Chelicerae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F3988FFF9FFF4D733F896FE01DC2C" box="[334,417,1893,1918]" captionStart="FIGURES 68 – 76" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[164,1416,458,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[164,1424,445,1933]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 68 – 76. Taracus fluvipileus. Fig. 68, female palpus. Fig. 69, male palpus. Fig. 70, penis. Fig. 71, glans penis. Fig. 72, male, dorsal view. Fig. 73, male, lateral view. Fig. 74, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 75, female chelicerae, second article, frontal view. Fig. 76, male chelicerae, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164233/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 76</figureCitation>
|
||
) 13.00 mm long, slender, black. Basal article
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF9FFF4D5D5F896FBADDC2F" box="[936,1037,1893,1918]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.76" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="5.76">5.76 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF9FFF4D229F896FB19DC2F" box="[1108,1209,1893,1918]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (L/W = 16.5); second article
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF9FFF4D745F879FE3BDCF3" box="[312,411,1930,1954]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.24" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="7.24">7.24 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF9FFF4D79CF87AFDE4DCF3" box="[481,580,1929,1954]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8999999999999995" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="0.59">0.59 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (L/W = 12.3). Basal article with prominent, acute seta-tipped tubercles extending three-quarters of length, dorsal tubercles much smaller; second article noticeably wider distally, with relatively low, rounded seta-tipped tubercles ranged in about five irregular rows, tubercles more widely spaced distally. Fixed and movable fingers long, with paired, articulating triangular teeth, narrow, acute tips of fingers cross each other at rest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF6FFFBD6BAFF2CFCE3DADA" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
Palpi (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F3988FFF6FFFBD76DFF2CFEC1DBAA" box="[272,353,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 68 – 76" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[164,1416,458,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[164,1424,445,1933]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 68 – 76. Taracus fluvipileus. Fig. 68, female palpus. Fig. 69, male palpus. Fig. 70, penis. Fig. 71, glans penis. Fig. 72, male, dorsal view. Fig. 73, male, lateral view. Fig. 74, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 75, female chelicerae, second article, frontal view. Fig. 76, male chelicerae, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164233/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
|
||
) dark brown, total length
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF6FFFBD4FBFF13FD5ADBA5" box="[646,762,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.798" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="17.98">17.98 mm</quantity>
|
||
, typical for genus; trochanter with prominent scattered setatipped tubercles. Lengths of articles as given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B610B6FFF6FFFBD4D6FEF7FCADDA4E" box="[683,781,260,285]" captionStart="TABLE 11" captionStartId="39.[151,239,1046,1069]" captionTargetBox="[155,1303,1097,1326]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="TABLE 11. Lengths in mm of palpal and leg articles of male Taracus fluvipileus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4B7585FFF9FFF4D6EAFBE5FC5ADF7F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" tableUuid="DF4B7585FFF9FFF4D6EAFBE5FC5ADF7F">Table 11</tableCitation>
|
||
. Legs long, thin; first leg brown, becoming lighter distally, other legs yellowish tan without markings.. Autospasy sutures of femora distinct on all legs. Tibiae without false articulations, metatarsi of leg 2 with about 15–17 false articulations. Total lengths in mm of legs 1–4: 23.43, 37.32, 24.45, 31.50. Measurements of leg articles given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B610B6FFF6FFFBD4A0FE9CFC9FDADA" box="[733,831,367,392]" captionStart="TABLE 11" captionStartId="39.[151,239,1046,1069]" captionTargetBox="[155,1303,1097,1326]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="TABLE 11. Lengths in mm of palpal and leg articles of male Taracus fluvipileus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4B7585FFF9FFF4D6EAFBE5FC5ADF7F" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" tableUuid="DF4B7585FFF9FFF4D6EAFBE5FC5ADF7F">Table 11</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4B7585FFF6FFFBD6EAF851FD38DCA7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164233/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" targetBox="[164,1416,458,1933]" targetPageId="40">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF6FFFBD6EAF851FD38DCA7" blockId="40.[151,1436,1954,2037]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF6FFFBD6EAF851FEF3DCE5" bold="true" box="[151,339,1954,1977]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">FIGURES 68–76.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF6FFFBD725F850FD80DCEA" box="[344,544,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF6FFFBD725F850FDBCDCEA" box="[344,540,1954,1976]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fluvipileus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">Taracus fluvipileus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Fig. 68, female palpus. Fig. 69, male palpus. Fig. 70, penis. Fig. 71, glans penis. Fig. 72, male, dorsal view. Fig. 73, male, lateral view. Fig. 74, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 75, female chelicerae, second article, frontal view. Fig. 76, male chelicerae, lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF7FFFAD6BAFF64FF7ADA4F" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Penis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F3988FFF7FFFAD769FF64FE3CDBE2" box="[276,412,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 68 – 76" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[164,1416,458,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[164,1424,445,1933]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 68 – 76. Taracus fluvipileus. Fig. 68, female palpus. Fig. 69, male palpus. Fig. 70, penis. Fig. 71, glans penis. Fig. 72, male, dorsal view. Fig. 73, male, lateral view. Fig. 74, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 75, female chelicerae, second article, frontal view. Fig. 76, male chelicerae, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164233/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs. 70–71</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF7FFFAD7D1FF6BFDB1DBFD" box="[428,529,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.44" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="2.44">2.44 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF7FFFAD424FF64FD1EDBFD" box="[601,702,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="0.46">0.46 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (L/W = 5.3), sides of shaft straight, tapering moderately to slightly twisted, short aculeus with small flap-like basal process; glans set off by indistinct suture; aculeus subtended by crown of few small, acute setae; shaft with numerous shorter, scattered setae on either side below glans.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF7FFFAD6BAFED4FEC9DAA7" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD6BAFED4FDA5DA6D" box="[199,517,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Female from Subway Cave:</emphasis>
|
||
As for the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="548F9BAFFFF7FFFAD4B3FED4FC93DA12" box="[718,819,295,320]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, except as follows. Total length,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF7FFFAD2CFFED4FABCDA6D" box="[1202,1308,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="5.75">5.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Cheliceral (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F3988FFF7FFFAD6E2FEBFFE86DA37" box="[159,294,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 68 – 76" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[164,1416,458,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[164,1424,445,1933]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 68 – 76. Taracus fluvipileus. Fig. 68, female palpus. Fig. 69, male palpus. Fig. 70, penis. Fig. 71, glans penis. Fig. 72, male, dorsal view. Fig. 73, male, lateral view. Fig. 74, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 75, female chelicerae, second article, frontal view. Fig. 76, male chelicerae, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164233/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs. 74–75</figureCitation>
|
||
) basal article
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF7FFFAD7BDFEBFFD84DA36" box="[448,548,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.50 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF7FFFAD414FEBFFD6DDA36" box="[617,717,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (L/W = 18.6); second article
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF7FFFAD22EFEBFFB17DA36" box="[1107,1207,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="8.25">8.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF7FFFAD281FEBFFAC0DA36" box="[1276,1376,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.60 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (L/W = 13.75). Total length of palpus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130F3988FFF7FFFAD41FFE9CFD18DADA" box="[610,696,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 68 – 76" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1954,1977]" captionTargetBox="[164,1416,458,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[164,1424,445,1933]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 68 – 76. Taracus fluvipileus. Fig. 68, female palpus. Fig. 69, male palpus. Fig. 70, penis. Fig. 71, glans penis. Fig. 72, male, dorsal view. Fig. 73, male, lateral view. Fig. 74, female chelicerae, lateral view. Fig. 75, female chelicerae, second article, frontal view. Fig. 76, male chelicerae, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164233/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4CCC88E8FFF7FFFAD4ADFE9CFCE8DAD5" box="[720,840,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.698" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="16.98">16.98 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Abdomen entirely without sclerotization, very few scattered setae. Metatarsus 2 with up to 26 indistinct false articulations; false articulations absent from other legs. Total lengths in mm of legs 1–4: 22.46, 37.67, 23.33, 29.12; lengths of leg and palpal articles as given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B610B6FFF7FFFAD349FE44FA38DA82" box="[1332,1432,439,464]" captionStart="TABLE 12" captionStartId="41.[151,239,544,567]" captionTargetBox="[159,1301,594,823]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="TABLE 12. Lengths in mm of palpal and leg articles of female Taracus fluvipileus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4B7585FFF7FFFAD6EAFDD3FBB1D965" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" tableUuid="DF4B7585FFF7FFFAD6EAFDD3FBB1D965">Table 12</tableCitation>
|
||
. Ovipositor typical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF4B7585FFF7FFFAD6EAFDD3FBB1D965" ID-Table-UUID="DF4B7585FFF7FFFAD6EAFDD3FBB1D965" box="[151,1041,544,567]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4B7585FFF7FFFAD6EAFDD3FBB1D965" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" targetBox="[159,1301,594,823]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="41">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF7FFFAD6EAFDD3FBB1D965" blockId="41.[151,1041,544,567]" box="[151,1041,544,567]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD6EAFDD3FEB7D965" bold="true" box="[151,279,544,567]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">TABLE 12.</emphasis>
|
||
Lengths in mm of palpal and leg articles of female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF7FFFAD542FDD3FBADD965" box="[831,1037,544,567]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fluvipileus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">Taracus fluvipileus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF7FFFAD715FDA0FB5FD865" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<table id="F934D7ADFFF7002CD6E2FDA1FAB5D865" box="[159,1301,594,823]" gridcols="6" gridrows="6" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<tr id="3504274FFFF7002CD6E2FDA1FAB5D93A" box="[159,1301,594,616]" gridrow="0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF7002CD715FDA1FE0AD93A" box="[360,426,594,616]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Femur</th>
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF7002CD450FDA1FDD2D93A" box="[557,626,594,616]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Patella</th>
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF7002CD57BFDA1FC9AD93A" box="[774,826,594,616]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Tibia</th>
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF7002CD5D5FDA1FBB7D93A" box="[936,1047,594,616]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Metatarsus</th>
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF7002CD2AEFDA1FAB5D93A" box="[1235,1301,594,616]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Tarsus</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3504274FFFF7002CD6E2FD8FFAB5D9C0" box="[159,1301,636,658]" gridrow="1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF7002CD6E2FD8FFF43D9C0" box="[159,227,636,658]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Palpus</th>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD715FD8FFE0AD9C0" box="[360,426,636,658]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">7.30</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD450FD8FFDD2D9C0" box="[557,626,636,658]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">3.81</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD57BFD8FFC9AD9C0" box="[774,826,636,658]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">4.60</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD5D5FD8FFBB7D9C0" box="[936,1047,636,658]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD2AEFD8FFAB5D9C0" box="[1235,1301,636,658]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">1.27</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3504274FFFF7002CD6E2FD56FAB5D9E9" box="[159,1301,677,699]" gridrow="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF7002CD6E2FD56FF43D9E9" box="[159,227,677,699]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Leg 1</th>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD715FD56FE0AD9E9" box="[360,426,677,699]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">6.12</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD450FD56FDD2D9E9" box="[557,626,677,699]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">1.33</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD57BFD56FC9AD9E9" box="[774,826,677,699]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">3.89</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD5D5FD56FBB7D9E9" box="[936,1047,677,699]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">6.89</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD2AEFD56FAB5D9E9" box="[1235,1301,677,699]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">4.23</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3504274FFFF7002CD6E2FD3DFAB5D9B6" box="[159,1301,718,740]" gridrow="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF7002CD6E2FD3DFF43D9B6" box="[159,227,718,740]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Leg 2</th>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD715FD3DFE0AD9B6" box="[360,426,718,740]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">8.78</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD450FD3DFDD2D9B6" box="[557,626,718,740]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">1.56</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD57BFD3DFC9AD9B6" box="[774,826,718,740]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">7.44</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD5D5FD3DFBB7D9B6" box="[936,1047,718,740]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">11.33</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD2AEFD3DFAB5D9B6" box="[1235,1301,718,740]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">8.56</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3504274FFFF7002CD6E2FD0BFAB5D85C" box="[159,1301,760,782]" gridrow="4" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF7002CD6E2FD0BFF43D85C" box="[159,227,760,782]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Leg 3</th>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD715FD0BFE0AD85C" box="[360,426,760,782]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">5.56</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD450FD0BFDD2D85C" box="[557,626,760,782]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">1.33</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD57BFD0BFC9AD85C" box="[774,826,760,782]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">4.11</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD5D5FD0BFBB7D85C" box="[936,1047,760,782]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">7.22</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD2AEFD0BFAB5D85C" box="[1235,1301,760,782]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">5.11</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3504274FFFF7002CD6E2FCD2FAB5D865" box="[159,1301,801,823]" gridrow="5" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76D54E33FFF7002CD6E2FCD2FF43D865" box="[159,227,801,823]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Leg 4</th>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD715FCD2FE0AD865" box="[360,426,801,823]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">7.22</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD450FCD2FDD2D865" box="[557,626,801,823]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">1.67</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD57BFCD2FC9AD865" box="[774,826,801,823]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">5.56</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD5D5FCD2FBB7D865" box="[936,1047,801,823]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">9.11</td>
|
||
<td id="76D54E33FFF7002CD2AEFCD2FAB5D865" box="[1235,1301,801,823]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">5.56</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32E7686FFF7FFFAD6BAFC84FCE4DDD7" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF7FFFAD6BAFC84FBCFDF16" blockId="41.[151,1437,887,1669]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD6BAFC84FEC0D8DD" bold="true" box="[199,352,887,912]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
All specimens INHS unless otherwise indicated.
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD5F5FC84FBE6D8C2" bold="true" box="[904,1094,887,912]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F0EBEFFFF7FFFAD5F5FC84FBE1D8C2" box="[904,1089,887,912]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">CALIFORNIA</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD231FC84FB40D8DD" box="[1100,1248,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Siskiyou Co.:</emphasis>
|
||
Lassen National Forest, Hat Creek Lava Flow, Subway Cave,
|
||
<date id="FF8A03CDFFF7FFFAD4ECFC6FFC84D8E6" box="[657,804,924,949]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="1971-07-26">26 July 1971</date>
|
||
, H. Lem & T. Briggs, ƋƋ
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D32EE84FFF7FFFAD234FC6FFBCAD8E6" box="[1097,1130,924,948]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(CAS);
|
||
<date id="FF8A03CDFFF7FFFAD2B6FC6FFA38D8E6" box="[1227,1432,924,949]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2012-11-03">3 November 2012</date>
|
||
, G. O. Groening,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D32EE84FFF7FFFAD733FC33FECFD88A" box="[334,367,960,984]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(CAS); Cave 4,
|
||
<date id="FF8A03CDFFF7FFFAD456FC33FD40D88A" box="[555,736,959,984]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2015-08-27">27 August 2015</date>
|
||
, T. Rickman
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD50EFC32FC12D88A" box="[883,946,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al..</emphasis>
|
||
; Cave 5,
|
||
<date id="FF8A03CDFFF7FFFAD26FFC4CFB69D88A" box="[1042,1225,959,984]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2015-08-27">27 August 2015</date>
|
||
, T. Rickman
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD321FC32FA34D88A" box="[1372,1428,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
; Cave 6,
|
||
<date id="FF8A03CDFFF7FFFAD68AFC17FE10D8AF" box="[247,432,996,1021]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2015-08-27">27 August 2015</date>
|
||
, T. Rickman
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD437FC16FD24D8AF" box="[586,644,996,1021]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
; Cave 26,
|
||
<date id="FF8A03CDFFF7FFFAD57FFC17FC39D8AF" box="[770,921,996,1021]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2015-07-30">30 July 2015</date>
|
||
, T. Rickman
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD24EFC16FBCDD8AF" box="[1075,1133,996,1021]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
; Cave 28,
|
||
<date id="FF8A03CDFFF7FFFAD296FC16FAD9D8AF" box="[1259,1401,996,1021]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2015-06-07">7 June 2015</date>
|
||
, T. Rickman
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD778FBFAFE9FDF72" box="[261,319,1031,1056]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
; Cave 51,
|
||
<date id="FF8A03CDFFF7FFFAD7C3FBFBFD31DF72" box="[446,657,1031,1056]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2015-09-03">3 September 2015</date>
|
||
, T. Rickman
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD556FBFAFCC5DF72" box="[811,869,1031,1056]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
; Christmas Tree North Cave,
|
||
<date id="FF8A03CDFFF7FFFAD2C2FBFBFAD9DF72" box="[1215,1401,1031,1056]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2015-08-20">20 August 2015</date>
|
||
, T. Rickman
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD77EFBDEFE9BDF17" box="[259,315,1068,1093]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
; Christmas Tree South Cave,
|
||
<date id="FF8A03CDFFF7FFFAD4F1FBDFFCE0DF17" box="[652,832,1068,1093]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2015-08-20">20 August 2015</date>
|
||
, T. Rickman
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD5A8FBDEFBAEDF17" box="[981,1038,1068,1093]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al,</emphasis>
|
||
ƋƋ
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D32EE84FFF7FFFAD243FBDEFBC8DF16" box="[1086,1128,1069,1092]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF7FFFAD6BAFBBCFCEADE82" blockId="41.[151,1437,887,1669]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD6BAFBBCFEB1DF3A" bold="true" box="[199,273,1103,1128]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Subway Cave is located just northwest of the village of Old Station, in the Hat Creek Lava Flow, at 40°41’
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0043CAFFF7FFFAD6A2FB87FE99DFDF" box="[223,313,1140,1165]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="555" value="6.25">06.25N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0043CAFFF7FFFAD734FB87FDABDFDF" box="[329,523,1140,1165]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="1" value="-121.418976">121°25’08.33”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. Elevation is 4366’ asl. The lava tube is about one-third of a mile in length, stretching between two roof collapses of what was once a much longer tube. Many people visit Subway Cave each year. According to the Lassen National Forest website (http://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/lassen/recarea/?recid=11435), the tube formed about 20,000 years ago. The temperature in the totally dark area is a constant 46°F. The surrounding environment (viewed on Google Earth and internet images) is lightly forested pineland, with a sparse understory of sagebrush and other drought-tolerant shrubs, and little groundcover. This habitat does not appear to be favorable for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF7FFFAD7B0FABEFD83DE36" box="[461,547,1357,1380]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD7B0FABEFD83DE36" box="[461,547,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Taracus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species to survive on the surface, and with its troglomorphic adaptations,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF7FFFAD3FAFABEFEACDEDA" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fluvipileus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD3FAFABEFEACDEDA" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">T. fluvipileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must almost certainly be limited to lava tubes, or to the joints, vesicles and interflow sediment layers with which lava flows are permeated (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFF7FFFAD42FFA67FCA4DEFE" author="Crawford" box="[594,772,1428,1453]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Crawford, R. L. (1993) Biota of volcanic caves: an introduction. In: Halliday, W. R., (Ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Vulcanospeleology. ABC Publishing, Vancouver, Washington, pp. 126 - 129." type="book chapter" year="1993">Crawford 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). All other localities listed are from lava tubes in the Hat Creek Lava Flow, but their exact localities are not given here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF7FFFAD6BAFA2FFCDFDD4A" blockId="41.[151,1437,887,1669]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
G. O. Graening (pers. comm. 2013) has collected specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF7FFFAD5E9FA2FFBA7DEA7" box="[916,1031,1500,1525]" class="Diplopoda" family="Conotylidae" genus="Plumatyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD5E9FA2FFBA7DEA7" box="[916,1031,1500,1525]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Plumatyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
millipedes in Subway Cave, and as with
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD6B2F9F2FE28DD4A" box="[207,392,1535,1560]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF7FFFAD6B2F9F2FE24DD4A" box="[207,388,1535,1560]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marchingtoni" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">T. marchingtoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
these may be the chief prey of
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD49AF9F2FCDFDD4A" box="[743,895,1535,1560]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF7FFFAD49AF9F2FCDBDD4A" box="[743,891,1535,1560]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fluvipileus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">T. fluvipileus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8B250DFFF7FFFAD6BAF9D7FCE4DDD7" blockId="41.[151,1437,887,1669]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
The recent discovery of a new family of primitive haplogyne spiders in caves and deep leaf litter in the Klamath-Siskiyou region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA558FCFFF7FFFAD7BFF9B4FD10DD32" author="Griswold" box="[450,688,1607,1632]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Griswold, C., Audisio, T. & Leford, J. (2012) An extraordinary new family of spiders from caves in the Pacific Northwest (Araneae, Trogloraptoridae, new family). ZooKeys, 215, 77 - 102. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 215.3547" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Griswold
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD449F9BAFDCEDD32" box="[564,622,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) draws attention to how little is known about the arthropod fauna there.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C345E8EFFF7FFFAD6A0F99EFE12DDD7" box="[221,434,1644,1669]" class="Arachnida" family="Taracidae" genus="Taracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fluvipileus" superFamily="Ischyropsalidoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B940F91FFFF7FFFAD6A0F99EFE12DDD7" box="[221,434,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Taracus fluvipileus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is another component of this fauna.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |