444 lines
57 KiB
XML
444 lines
57 KiB
XML
<document id="A058A11449BC4A02824E69C6FB2A912B" ID-CLB-Dataset="8641" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4912.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8a5efe86-cabc-4981-afb4-163791f2530c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4450930" ID-ZooBank="9536C1CF-4AEF-47F8-959B-48CD7A5392D8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1611086167060" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M., Aryasari, Ratih & De, Nicole J." docDate="2021" docId="361087A7FF8BFFF055ABFF325373CF75" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4912.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4912 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Mycale (Carmia) tydemani Van & Aryasari & De 2021, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="81" masterDocId="CA29FFDFFFC5FFA0553CFFA5506ACD15" masterDocTitle="Mycale species of the tropical Indo-West Pacific (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)" masterLastPageNumber="212" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="79" updateTime="1698924900638" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="7248794D24F3A686B507E30EEFC8DFB1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3FCD7410CE77FD6C32BB28605344FE27">
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<mods:title id="7A6BA1BC16C0F3F0A53183A7EFCA9767">Mycale species of the tropical Indo-West Pacific (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="BCC8C8525F99D9A87D6A92A83938C7A4" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="1F6233A572E1F38D5A922D05CE7BD7C6">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8C0FF8BCC6AA53AC5F956C956BE750B5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F0D8433AAB3AA70C968DD8F4BABB9731">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="F9EB99BC18D0439F7C603167F74FE53B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3D9167BBAAE411731E4E3F0BA1474F4E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8C1AD19FF722FC48365DE65E96E3B97C">Aryasari, Ratih</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="72BBF1B178E27439CE38DBDD2AC2E7B7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6E7550DE7D9FFD46C4AA77D1B2ABEA64">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="82595707A4F02445A87490723EDD539F">De, Nicole J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A4237EA6B7E6E811BABCCA03C75817E2" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7985-5604</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D0B9F310A4587EBF65EDEB15BC4E2759" type="email">rob.vansoest@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8FB41990D9D7E7DCDF60ABA6F38AECE1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="356766648518DF63CE5BB87855356246">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="ACACBA950AA814B3E446C3E002C51BDA">
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<mods:date id="CECA83436C3FE59CFD0C1784E8D46535">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3CFE036FFF205759FCEA9A2C154C97F7">2021-01-19</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3BA686CDF7E553A3417A2F4AA6E61742" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="7507574AFE586245B6BB17BF1E96749C">4912</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="3748A4E76A8F020049446869F8C99D59" type="issue">
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<mods:start id="F2EA5FBB243DBCEF82E38A619FA896A8">1</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="A337C63E4ECEB5DD4DE7B78E30E5ADEE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FEBCBCF01BD14992AEC549044169710C" type="Zenodo-Dep">4450930</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="361087A7FF8BFFF055ABFF325373CF75" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4464366" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177132486" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4464366" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF8BFFF055ABFF325373CF75" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/361087A7FF8BFFF055ABFF325373CF75" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF8BFFEE55ABFF325253CDA4" box="[151,569,151,178]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55ABFF325253CDA4" blockId="78.[151,569,151,214]" box="[151,569,151,178]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<heading id="E54E81DDFF8BFFEE55ABFF325253CDA4" bold="true" box="[151,569,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55ABFF325253CDA4" bold="true" box="[151,569,151,178]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF8BFFEE55ABFF3251B6CDA7" ID-CoL="86X4J" authority="Van & Aryasari & De, 2021" authorityName="Van & Aryasari & De" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,476,151,178]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tydemani" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Carmia">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55ABFF3251B6CDA7" bold="true" box="[151,476,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Mycale (Carmia) tydemani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="97FE57D8FF8BFFEE54DFFF325253CDA4" box="[483,569,151,177]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF8BFFEE55ABFF1E5179CDC3" box="[151,275,187,214]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55ABFF1E5179CDC3" blockId="78.[151,569,151,214]" box="[151,275,187,214]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE55ABFF1E5083CDC3" box="[151,233,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs 52</figureCitation>
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a–k
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF8BFFEE55ABFEA6512ACCBB" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55ABFEA65436CC54" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55ABFEA65115CC08" bold="true" box="[151,383,259,285]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF8BFFEE54AFFEA65436CC54" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466934" collectingDate="1909-05" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="G. F. Tydeman" country="Indonesia" elevation="23" latitude="-8.7478" location="Ampenan" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="116.0579" municipality="Lombok" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nusa Tenggara Timur" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="61028813FF8BFFEE54AFFEA65191CC08" box="[403,507,259,285]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF8BFFEE5734FEA6522FCC08" box="[520,581,259,285]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">ZMA</collectionCode>
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Por. 02886,
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<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF8BFFEE57D8FEA6533ECC08" box="[740,852,259,285]" name="Indonesia" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF8BFFEE5659FEA1547CCC0B" box="[869,1046,260,286]" country="Indonesia" name="Nusa Tenggara Timur" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Nusa Tenggara</collectingRegion>
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, W coast of
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<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF8BFFEE518BFEA65573CC08" box="[1207,1305,259,285]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Lombok</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="BB66606AFF8BFFEE5014FEA655F2CC08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF8BFFF055ABFF325373CF75:BB66606AFF8BFFEE5014FEA655F2CC08" box="[1320,1432,259,285]" country="Indonesia" latitude="-8.7478" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="116.0579" municipality="Lombok" name="Ampenan" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="Nusa Tenggara Timur">Ampenan</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF8BFFEE55ABFE825095CC54" box="[151,255,295,321]" degrees="8.7478" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="5" value="-8.7478">8.7478°S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF8BFFEE543AFE8251E7CC57" box="[262,397,295,322]" degrees="116.0579" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="5" value="116.0579">116.0579°E</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE54E1FE825247CC57" box="[477,557,295,322]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="23.4">
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<elevation id="3594D182FF8BFFEE54E1FE825247CC57" box="[477,557,295,322]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="23.4">23.4 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
, coll.
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<collectorName id="134C5367FF8BFFEE574DFE825378CC54" box="[625,786,295,321]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">G.F. Tydeman</collectorName>
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, field nr. SE3015,
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<date id="CA071071FF8BFFEE56DEFE8D543DCC54" box="[994,1111,295,322]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1909-05">
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<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF8BFFEE56DEFE8D543DCC54" box="[994,1111,295,322]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1909-05">May 1909</collectingDate>
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</date>
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||
.
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFEE9512ACCBB" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF8BFFEE55FBFEE95151CCBB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466782" collectingDate="1992-12-07" collectionCode="ZMA, R" collectorName="W. M. van Soest & Indian Ocean Expedition" country="Seychelles" elevation="2" latitude="-4.7333" location="Not" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="55.5333" municipality="Pointe au Sel" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1">
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<location id="BB66606AFF8BFFEE55FBFEE9509BCC73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF8BFFF055ABFF325373CF75:BB66606AFF8BFFEE55FBFEE9509BCC73" box="[199,241,332,358]" country="Seychelles" latitude="-4.7333" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="55.5333" municipality="Pointe au Sel" name="Not" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Not</location>
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<typeStatus id="61028813FF8BFFEE55C4FEE95142CC73" box="[248,296,332,358]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">type</typeStatus>
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material.
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF8BFFEE54A4FEEE51BFCC70" box="[408,469,331,357]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">ZMA</collectionCode>
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Por. 10405,
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<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF8BFFEE575EFEEE52B7CC70" box="[610,733,331,357]" name="Seychelles" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
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, Mahé,
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<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF8BFFEE5608FEEE53A0CC70" box="[820,970,331,358]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Pointe au Sel</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF8BFFEE56E9FEEE5457CC70" box="[981,1085,331,357]" degrees="4.7333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="5" value="-4.7333">4.7333°S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF8BFFEE517FFEEE54D4CC73" box="[1091,1214,331,358]" degrees="55.5333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" precision="5" value="55.5333">55.5333°E</geoCoordinate>
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, reef flat, depth
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<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE504EFEEE50C5CC9F" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">
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<elevation id="3594D182FF8BFFEE504EFEEE50C5CC9F" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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||
, snorkeling, coll.
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF8BFFEE5448FED551E3CC9F" box="[372,393,368,394]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">R</collectionCode>
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.
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||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF8BFFEE54B0FED5522ACC9C" box="[396,576,367,394]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">W.M. van Soest</collectorName>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF8BFFEE5777FECA52B8CC9C" box="[587,722,367,393]" name="Netherlands" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF8BFFEE57E4FECA5384CC9C" box="[728,1006,367,393]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Indian Ocean Expedition</collectorName>
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||
stat. 603,
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||
<date id="CA071071FF8BFFEE5162FED55549CC9C" box="[1118,1315,367,394]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1992-12-07">
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||
<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF8BFFEE5162FED55549CC9C" box="[1118,1315,367,394]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1992-12-07">7 December 1992</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
(live color yellowish red)
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF8BFFEE55FBFE1253E8C843" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFE125166CF0C" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55FBFE12513BCCC4" bold="true" box="[199,337,439,465]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Description</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE545DFE1251A8CCC7" box="[353,450,439,466]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 52a</figureCitation>
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). Thin encrustations on corals and hydroids, size 3 x 2 x
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||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE517FFE1254FECCC7" box="[1091,1172,439,466]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="cm" value="0.5">0.5 cm</quantity>
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||
. Color in life yellowish red (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF8BFFEE55F0FE7E512FCCE0" box="[204,325,475,501]" name="Seychelles" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
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||
specimen), in preservation similarly reddish beige. Surface smooth, no visible openings. Consistency soft.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFD8653E5CFBF" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55FBFD865144CF28" bold="true" box="[199,302,547,573]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Skeleton</emphasis>
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||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE5401FD8651D7CF2B" box="[317,445,547,574]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs 52b,b</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE5481FD8651ADCF2B" box="[445,455,547,574]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Choanosomal spicule tracts of
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE5604FD8653C1CF2B" box="[824,939,547,574]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="52.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="25.0">25–80 µm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (4–10 spicules in cross section) run from the substratum to the surface where they fan out into individual spicules. Tracts are not connected, and lie at distances of
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE547CFDCE51B8CF93" box="[320,466,619,646]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="250.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="200.0">200–300 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Anisochelae arranged in clusters of about
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE568AFDCE5440CF93" box="[950,1066,619,646]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="50.0">50–70 µm</quantity>
|
||
in size. In the
|
||
<typeStatus id="61028813FF8BFFEE51EDFDCE5559CF90" box="[1233,1331,619,645]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
there are no clear rosettes, but in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF8BFFEE54F0FD2A522ECFBC" box="[460,580,655,681]" name="Seychelles" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen these are common.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFD1651C4CFE4" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55FBFD165143CFD8" bold="true" box="[199,297,691,717]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE5406FD1651F9CFDB" box="[314,403,691,718]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs 52</figureCitation>
|
||
c–j). Mycalostyles, three categories of anisochelae, two categories of sigmas, toxas, raphidotoxas, trichodragmata.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFD5E5335CE2F" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Mycalostyles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE5457FD5E518BCE03" box="[363,481,763,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 52c,c</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE54DDFD5E5181CE03" box="[481,491,763,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), slim, with prominent elongated heads and pointed opposite ends, 182–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE502DFD5E553ACE00" box="[1297,1360,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">237.9</emphasis>
|
||
–276 x 2–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE558FFCBA50BCCE2C" box="[179,214,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">3.4</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE55DAFCBA5175CE2F" box="[230,287,799,826]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
|
||
(ZMA Por. 10405: 246–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE570FFCBA5218CE2C" box="[563,626,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">260.3</emphasis>
|
||
–291 x 3–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE57DEFCBA536FCE2C" box="[738,773,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">3.2</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE5628FCBA5338CE2F" box="[788,850,799,826]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 µm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFCE65518CE97" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Anisochelae I (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE544FFCE651BFCE4B" box="[371,469,835,862]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 52d</figureCitation>
|
||
), well developed, with upper median alae extended outward, free part of the shaft approximately 25–30% of spicule length, lower alae robust, 30–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE5677FCC25316CE94" box="[843,892,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">32.1</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE56B7FCC253B9CE97" box="[907,979,871,898]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="34.0">34 µm</quantity>
|
||
(ZMA Por. 10405: 27–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE51E5FCC25560CE94" box="[1241,1290,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">29.9</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE5025FCC2550FCE97" box="[1305,1381,871,898]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 µm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFC2E530FCEDF" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Anisochelae II (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE5445FC2E51B2CEB3" box="[377,472,907,934]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 52e</figureCitation>
|
||
), rare, well developed, narrow-shaped, with free part of the shaft only 10–15% of spicule length, 18–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE5402FC0A5105CEDC" box="[318,367,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">19.6</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE5443FC0A51ACCEDF" box="[383,454,943,970]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 µm</quantity>
|
||
(ZMA Por. 10405: 17–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE57F0FC0A5297CEDC" box="[716,765,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">18.8</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE5630FC0A5332CEDF" box="[780,856,943,970]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 µm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFC7653BBC904" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Anisochelae III (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE54B9FC765188CEFB" box="[389,482,979,1006]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 52f</figureCitation>
|
||
), with well-developed upper alae, with less developed lower alae, lower median alae with an upward projection, 9–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE54D4FC525273C904" box="[488,537,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">10.8</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE5715FC52521AC907" box="[553,624,1015,1042]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 µm</quantity>
|
||
(ZMA Por. 10405: 9–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE5654FC5253FDC904" box="[872,919,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">11.0</emphasis>
|
||
–13).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFBBE51C4C94F" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Sigmas I (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE5404FBBE51F3C923" box="[312,409,1051,1078]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE5450FBBE51F3C923" box="[364,409,1051,1078]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.2" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="g" value="52.0">52g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), common, robust, thickness
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE57E2FBBE530BC923" box="[734,865,1051,1078]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
, narrow, asymmetrical, 54–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE51AAFBBE54ADC920" box="[1174,1223,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">58.6</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE51E9FBBE5577C923" box="[1237,1309,1051,1078]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="64.0">64 µm</quantity>
|
||
(ZMA Por. 10405: 65–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE542AFB9A512DC94C" box="[278,327,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">73.6</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE546BFB9A51C8C94F" box="[343,418,1087,1114]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="81.0">81 µm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFBC654FEC96B" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" box="[199,1172,1123,1150]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Sigmas II (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE547FFBC651CEC96B" box="[323,420,1123,1150]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 52h</figureCitation>
|
||
), rare, thin, symmetrical,
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE57F8FBC6535CC96B" box="[708,822,1123,1150]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="11.0">11–24 µm</quantity>
|
||
(ZMA Por. 10405:
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE512EFBC654E2C96B" box="[1042,1160,1123,1150]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="11.0">11–16 µm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFB2D5095C9D3" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Toxas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE5424FB225118C9B7" box="[280,370,1159,1186]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 52i</figureCitation>
|
||
), rare, thin, deeply curved with upturned endings, 32–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE56FBFB225392C9B4" box="[967,1016,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">67.4</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE513BFB225436C9B7" box="[1031,1116,1159,1186]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="105.0">105 µm</quantity>
|
||
(ZMA Por. 10405: 68–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE5061FB2255E4C9B4" box="[1373,1422,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">90.6</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE55ABFB0E5098C9D3" box="[151,242,1195,1222]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="120.0">120 µm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFB6A5266C81B" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Raphidotoxas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE5453FB6A51B4C9FF" box="[367,478,1231,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs 52j,j</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE54E3FB6A5183C9FF" box="[479,489,1231,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), common, curved, with elongated upturned endings, 310–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE514EFB6A54DBC9FC" box="[1138,1201,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">335.5</emphasis>
|
||
–360 x
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE503EFB6A553BC9FF" box="[1282,1361,1231,1258]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
(ZMA Por. 10405: 242–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE546BFB5651FCC818" box="[343,406,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">308.2</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE5499FB565195C81B" box="[421,511,1267,1294]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.66" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="366.0">366 µm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFAB253E8C843" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Trichodragmas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF8BFFEE54BEFAB25182C827" box="[386,488,1303,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 52" captionStartId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-19@79.[151,1435,181,1818]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURE 52. Mycale (Carmia) tydemani sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e, anisochela II, f, anisochela III, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 52k</figureCitation>
|
||
), short, fusiform, many loose individual raphides of
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE5172FAB254D7C827" box="[1102,1213,1303,1330]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick, dragmas are 15–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55FDFA9E5098C840" box="[193,242,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">21.3</emphasis>
|
||
–32 x
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE5404FA9E51E5C843" box="[312,399,1339,1366]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 µm</quantity>
|
||
(ZMA Por. 10405: 15–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE57A9FA9E52ACC840" box="[661,710,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">21.8</emphasis>
|
||
–31 x
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE5630FA9E531FC843" box="[780,885,1339,1366]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="5.0">5–12 µm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF8BFFEE55FBFAFA542BC86F" box="[199,1089,1375,1402]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFAFA542BC86F" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" box="[199,1089,1375,1402]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55FBFAFA5184C86C" bold="true" box="[199,494,1375,1401]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF8BFFEE54C7FAFA5201C86C" box="[507,619,1375,1401]" name="Indonesia" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF8BFFEE574AFAFA529BC86C" box="[630,753,1375,1401]" name="Seychelles" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
, shallow water down to
|
||
<specimenCount id="A8BFFD38FF8BFFEE513DFAFA542BC86F" box="[1025,1089,1375,1402]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE513DFAFA5457C86F" box="[1025,1085,1375,1402]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="23.0">23 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF8BFFEE55FBFA2650B2C8F0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFA2650B2C8F0" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55FBFA265122C888" bold="true" box="[199,328,1411,1437]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The name is proposed to honour Vice-Admiral Gustaaf Frederik Tydeman, commander of H.M.S. ‘Siboga’, who collected the
|
||
<typeStatus id="61028813FF8BFFEE54DDFA025229C8D4" box="[481,579,1447,1473]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
during a fieldtrip while serving as naval commander in Nederlands Oost Indië.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF8BFFF055FBFA4A5373CF75" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBFA4A53AACB60" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55FBFA4A515ECB1C" bold="true" box="[199,308,1519,1545]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The present specimens differ from other raphidotoxa-possessing species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF8BFFEE51B4FA5555FFCB1C" box="[1160,1429,1519,1545]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rhaphidiophora" subGenus="Carmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE51B4FA5555FFCB1C" box="[1160,1429,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">M. (C.) rhaphidiophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF8BFFEE55ABF9B151E3CB38" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,393,1555,1581]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rhaphidotoxa" subGenus="Carmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55ABF9B151E3CB38" box="[151,393,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">M. (C.) rhaphidotoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF8BFFEE54FEF9B152F9CB38" authority="Van & Aryasari & De, 2021" authorityName="Van & Aryasari & De" authorityYear="2021" box="[450,659,1555,1581]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tenuichela" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Carmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE54FEF9B152F9CB38" box="[450,659,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">M. (C.) tenuichela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE57A7F9B65287CB38" bold="true" box="[667,749,1555,1581]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97FE57D8FF8BFFEE57A7F9B65287CB38" box="[667,749,1555,1581]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
described above by possession of the combined presence of robust sigma I, small genuine toxas with upturned wings, and short trichodragmas. From the first two mentioned species, the new species differs also in lacking the grainy/sandy interior.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBF92554C0CA67" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF8BFFEE55FBF92554CFCA67" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466919" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="Sigmas I" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
We are not entirely confident that the two specimens from widely different localities belong to the same species. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="61028813FF8BFFEE55F5F9065141CBA8" box="[201,299,1699,1725]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has no clear rosettes of anisochelae I, whereas
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF8BFFEE5607F9065312CBA8" box="[827,888,1699,1725]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
Por. 10405 has them clear and abundant.
|
||
<collectorName id="134C5367FF8BFFEE5076F90650CACBF7" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Sigmas I</collectorName>
|
||
differ significantly in size (
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE54E9F9625253CBF4" box="[469,569,1735,1762]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4986" metricValueMax="1.6256" metricValueMin="1.3716" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="in" value="59.0" valueMax="64.0" valueMin="54.0">54–64 in</quantity>
|
||
the
|
||
<typeStatus id="61028813FF8BFFEE5755F96252A1CBF4" box="[617,715,1735,1761]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
against 65–81 for
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF8BFFEE56A0F96253B3CBF4" box="[924,985,1735,1761]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
Por. 10405). Also, the toxas of the latter are not curved entirely symmetrically and may have to be considered small raphidotoxa rather than proper toxas. For that reason we refrain from assigning
|
||
<typeStatus id="61028813FF8BFFEE577BF8B552CDCA3F" box="[583,679,1808,1834]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
status to
|
||
<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF8BFFEE562AF8AA5339CA3C" box="[790,851,1807,1833]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
Por. 10405. We provide here the separate measurements of the two individuals, to facilitate future distinction between the two. However, we remain confident the two are members of the same species as the other spicule types conform closely between the two
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8BFFEE55FBF8DE51CBCAC8" blockId="78.[151,1437,259,2014]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF8BFFEE55FBF8DE5371CA83" authority="(De Laubenfels, 1954)" baseAuthorityName="De Laubenfels" baseAuthorityYear="1954" box="[199,795,1915,1942]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="confundata" subGenus="Carmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8BFFEE55FBF8DE527BCA80" box="[199,529,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Mycale (Carmia) confundata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF8BFFEE571EF8DE5378CA83" author="De Laubenfels, M. W. de" box="[546,786,1915,1942]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref130208" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. de (1954) The Sponges of the West-Central Pacific. Oregon State Monographs, Studies in Zoology, 7, i-x + 1 - 306, pls. I-XII. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6516" type="journal article" year="1954">De Laubenfels, 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Mid Pacific is also a species likely possessing raphidotoxas as well as proper toxas, but it apparently has only a single category of small (
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF8BFFEE51B3F83A54B1CAAF" box="[1167,1243,1951,1978]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
|
||
) anisochelae and no short trichodragmas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="EAC66639FF8AFFEF55ABF89753C2CAA3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451066" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4451066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451066/files/figure.png" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" startId="79.[151,250,1842,1866]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1818]" targetPageId="79">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF8AFFEF55ABF89753C2CAA3" blockId="79.[151,1437,1842,1974]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8AFFEF55ABF8975170CA5F" bold="true" box="[151,282,1842,1866]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 52</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF8AFFEF5414F8975257CA5F" authority="Van & Aryasari & De, 2021" authorityName="Van & Aryasari & De" authorityYear="2021" box="[296,573,1842,1866]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tydemani" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Carmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8AFFEF5414F8975257CA5F" box="[296,573,1842,1866]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Mycale (Carmia) tydemani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF8AFFEF5778F89752E5CA5F" bold="true" box="[580,655,1842,1866]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97FE57D8FF8AFFEF5778F89752E5CA5F" box="[580,655,1842,1866]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype ZMA Por. 02886, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus encrusting hydroids (scale bar = 1cm), b, light microscopic image of peripheral skeleton, b1, ditto of cross section of entire sponge, c–k, SEM images of spicules, c, mycalostyle, c1, details of mycalostyle, d, anisochela I, e,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF8AFFEF56C5F8DF5417CA87" authority="II" authorityName="II" box="[1017,1149,1914,1938]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisochela">anisochela II</taxonomicName>
|
||
, f,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF8AFFEF51A0F8DF5543CA87" authority="III" authorityName="III" box="[1180,1321,1914,1938]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisochela">anisochela III</taxonomicName>
|
||
, g, sigma I, h, sigma II, i, toxa, j, raphidotoxa, j1, details of raphidotoxa, k, trichodragma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF95FFF055FBFF325547CCE0" blockId="80.[151,1436,150,502]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF95FFF055FBFF325283CDA4" authority="Samaai & Gibbons, 2005" authorityName="Samaai & Gibbons" authorityYear="2005" box="[199,745,150,177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levii" subGenus="Carmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF95FFF055FBFF3251A8CDA4" box="[199,450,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Mycale (Carmia) levii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF95FFF054F6FF325283CDA4" author="Samaai, T. & Gibbons, M. J." box="[458,745,150,177]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref135666" refString="Samaai, T. & Gibbons, M. J. (2005) Demospongiae taxonomy and biodiversity of the Benguela region on the west coast of South Africa. African Natural History, 1, 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="2005">Samaai & Gibbons, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Atlantic coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF95FFF05120FF3254C4CDA4" box="[1052,1198,151,177]" name="South Africa" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, recently renamed as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF95FFF055ABFF1E529ECDC0" authority="Van Soest & Hooper, 2020" authorityName="Van Soest & Hooper" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,756,187,213]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="samaaii" subGenus="Carmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF95FFF055ABFF1E51D1CDC1" box="[151,443,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Mycale (Carmia) samaaii</emphasis>
|
||
Van Soest & Hooper, 2020
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(because it was preoccupied by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF95FFF05154FF1E5179CDEC" authority="Uriz, 1987" authorityName="Uriz" authorityYear="1987" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levii" subGenus="Paresperella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF95FFF05154FF1E55F6CDC0" box="[1128,1436,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Mycale (Paresperella) levii</emphasis>
|
||
Uriz, 1987
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), has the general spicule complement of the present new species, but the spicular dimensions differ significantly: mycalostyles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF95FFF054F7FEA65214CC09" authorityName="Van Soest & Hooper" authorityYear="2020" box="[459,638,259,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="samaaii" subGenus="Carmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF95FFF054F7FEA65214CC09" box="[459,638,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">M. (C.) samaaii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are up to
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF95FFF057CCFEA65350CC08" box="[752,826,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 µm</quantity>
|
||
in thickness, all three anisochelae sizes are larger and not overlapping. The South African species lacks sigma II and has next to raphides (thought to be equivalent to our raphidotoxas) also thin long oxeas of
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF95FFF0577AFEEE52B2CC70" box="[582,728,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="500.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="400.0">400–600 µm</quantity>
|
||
, which were mentioned as the defining character of the South African species. These differences and the geographic separation are sufficient to consider them separate but closely related species. Samaai & Gibbons compare their species with Lévi’s South African record of
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF95FFF051F5FE3655F6CCB8" box="[1225,1436,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF95FFF051F5FE3655F2CCB8" authorityName="sensu Levi" authorityYear="1963" box="[1225,1432,403,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Carmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="macilenta">Carmia macilenta</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
which on paper appears exactly like their species, except for the long raphidotoxa-like oxeas. We suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF95FFF05054FE125262CCE3" authority="sensu Levi (1963)" authorityName="sensu Levi" authorityYear="1963" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Carmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="macilenta">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF95FFF05054FE125116CCE1" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Carmia macilenta sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF95FFF054BFFE7E5262CCE3" author="Levi, C." box="[387,520,475,502]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref133684" refString="Levi, C. (1963) Spongiaires d'Afrique du Sud. (1) Poecilosclerides. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Afric a, 37 (1), 1 - 72, pls. I-X. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359196309519054" type="journal article" year="1963">Lévi (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(not:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF95FFF05777FE7E5366CCE3" author="Bowerbank, J. S." box="[587,780,475,502]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" refId="ref128310" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1866) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Volume 2. Ray Society, London, xx + 388 pp." type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) could belong also to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF95FFF05138FE7E554CCCE1" authorityName="Van Soest & Hooper" authorityYear="2020" box="[1028,1318,475,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="samaaii" subGenus="Carmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF95FFF05138FE7E554CCCE1" box="[1028,1318,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Mycale (Carmia) samaaii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF95FFF055ABFDE35373CF75" blockId="80.[151,793,582,609]" box="[151,793,582,609]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF95FFF055ABFDE35373CF75" bold="true" box="[151,793,582,609]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Additional
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF95FFF05418FDE35199CF74" authority="" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[292,499,582,609]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Carmia">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF95FFF05418FDE35199CF74" bold="true" box="[292,499,582,609]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Mycale (Carmia)</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from the region
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |