1679 lines
163 KiB
XML
1679 lines
163 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6145422" ID-GBIF-Dataset="79d4728e-4ad9-4be2-aca7-5897e201ba35" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157135149" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6145422" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F1778491-B6EE-4225-95B2-2843B32CBA08" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:23E9A09C-AD9C-4346-A594-F187DAFB6013" checkinTime="1557655587202" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mahood, S. P., John, A. J. I., Eames, J. C., Oliveros, C. H., Moyle, R. G., Chamnan, Hong, Poole, C. M. & Sheldon, F. H." docDate="2013" docId="03DC87E5FFEFFF864FE4FB3343C4F90B" docLanguage="en" docName="Forktail.29.1-14.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Forktail 29" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Orthotomus chaktomuk Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="23E9A09C-AD9C-4346-A594-F187DAFB6013" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FFE5FF9DFFEEFF8E4C6BFF8C4161FFBA" masterDocTitle="A new species of lowland tailorbird (Passeriformes: Cisticolidae: Orthotomus) from the Mekong floodplain of Cambodia" masterLastPageNumber="14" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1645209289137" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:title>A new species of lowland tailorbird (Passeriformes: Cisticolidae: Orthotomus) from the Mekong floodplain of Cambodia</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
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||
<mods:namePart>Mahood, S. P.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
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||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
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||
<mods:namePart>John, A. J. I.</mods:namePart>
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||
</mods:name>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Eames, J. C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Oliveros, C. H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
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||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
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||
<mods:namePart>Moyle, R. G.</mods:namePart>
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||
</mods:name>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Chamnan, Hong</mods:namePart>
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||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
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||
<mods:namePart>Poole, C. M.</mods:namePart>
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||
</mods:name>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
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||
<mods:namePart>Sheldon, F. H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Forktail</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-12-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>29</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>14</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.2764030</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">79d4728e-4ad9-4be2-aca7-5897e201ba35</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">2764030</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F1778491-B6EE-4225-95B2-2843B32CBA08</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6145422" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157135149" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6145422" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:23E9A09C-AD9C-4346-A594-F187DAFB6013" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87E5FFEFFF864FE4FB3343C4F90B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection box="[911,1331,1215,1242]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[911,1331,1215,1272]" box="[911,1331,1215,1242]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading bold="true" box="[911,1331,1215,1242]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="0">
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||
<taxonomicName authority="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon, 2013" authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[911,1217,1215,1242]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[911,1217,1215,1242]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Orthotomus chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1231,1331,1215,1242]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[978,1263,1245,1272]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[911,1331,1215,1272]" box="[978,1263,1245,1272]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[978,1263,1245,1272]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="0">Cambodian Tailorbird</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[790,1451,1307,1360]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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||
http://zoobank.org/
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<uri pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid pageId="1" pageNumber="2">23E9A09C-AD9C- 4346-A594-F187DAFB6013</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[790,1452,1391,1478]" box="[790,1107,1391,1418]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[790,1107,1391,1418]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[790,1107,1391,1418]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[790,913,1391,1418]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus box="[975,1107,1391,1418]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[790,1452,1391,1478]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2239703449" collectingDate="2012-08-08" collectingDateMax="2012-08-09" collectingDateMin="2012-08-08" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="JCE & SPM" country="Cambodia" elevation="15" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" latitude="11.948317" location="Bateay District, Kompong Cham province" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="104.94749" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="NHMUK 2012.9.1" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
Study skins deposited in NHMUK (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1166,1243,1424,1448]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="1.[91,147,1544,1565]" captionText="Table 1. Mensural and other relevant data of holotype and paratypes (in mm,except mass in g)." pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1256,1325,1424,1448]" captionStart="Plate1" captionStartId="1.[790,841,913,934]" captionTargetBox="[813,1424,220,879]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[790,1451,189,896]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Plate1.Dorsal,ventralandlateral views ofthe holotypeofO.chaktomuk. Harry Taylor © Natural History Museum, London." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764040/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Plate 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1337,1407,1424,1448]" captionStart="Plate 2" captionStartId="2.[835,886,1063,1084]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Plate 2. Specimens of O.chaktomuk:(a)dorsal,(b) ventral and (c)lateral views of the holotype and four paratypes (from left to right NHMUK 2012.9.1, 2012.9.2, 2012.9.3, 2012.9.4, 2012.9.5). Harry Taylor © Natural History Museum, London." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764046/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
a–c) were collected by
|
||
<collectorName box="[961,1003,1454,1478]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">JCE</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName box="[1048,1098,1454,1478]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">SPM</collectorName>
|
||
at
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC87E5FFEFFF864FE4FB3343C4F90B:8EAA6028FFEFFF8C480EFA224185FB61" country="Cambodia" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" latitude="11.948317" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="104.94749" name="Bateay District, Kompong Cham province" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
Bateay District, Kompong Cham
|
||
<caption box="[91,1008,1544,1565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[91,1008,1544,1565]" box="[91,1008,1544,1565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[91,164,1544,1565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Table 1</emphasis>
|
||
. Mensural and other relevant data of holotype and paratypes (in mm, except mass in g).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<table box="[91,1431,1598,2083]" gridcols="11" gridrows="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<tr box="[91,1431,1598,1645]" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th box="[355,382,1598,1645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Sex</th>
|
||
<th box="[423,452,1598,1645]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Age</th>
|
||
<th box="[490,608,1598,1645]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Culmen Tarsus</th>
|
||
<th box="[627,667,1598,1645]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Wing</th>
|
||
<th box="[695,724,1598,1645]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Tail</th>
|
||
<th box="[763,801,1598,1645]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mass</th>
|
||
<th box="[831,883,1598,1645]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Testes length</th>
|
||
<th box="[899,1275,1598,1645]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">State of wing moult</th>
|
||
<th box="[1315,1431,1598,1645]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Collection date</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[91,1431,1659,1733]" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<th box="[91,338,1659,1733]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Holotype NHMUK reg.no.2012.9.1 LSUMNS tissue accession no.B77286</th>
|
||
<td box="[355,382,1659,1733]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">M</td>
|
||
<td box="[423,452,1659,1733]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">ad</td>
|
||
<td box="[490,520,1659,1733]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">13</td>
|
||
<td box="[559,608,1659,1733]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">19</td>
|
||
<td box="[627,667,1659,1733]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">47</td>
|
||
<td box="[695,724,1659,1733]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">42</td>
|
||
<td box="[763,801,1659,1733]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">8</td>
|
||
<td box="[831,883,1659,1733]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">4.5,2</td>
|
||
<td box="[899,1275,1659,1733]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">P1–5 (R),P2–6 (L), tertials,greater and median coverts</td>
|
||
<td box="[1315,1431,1659,1733]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">8 August 2012</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[91,1431,1747,1820]" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<th box="[91,338,1747,1820]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Paratype NHMUK reg.no.2012.9.2 LSUMNS tissue accession no.B77287</th>
|
||
<td box="[355,382,1747,1820]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">M</td>
|
||
<td box="[423,452,1747,1820]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">ad</td>
|
||
<td box="[490,520,1747,1820]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">14</td>
|
||
<td box="[559,608,1747,1820]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">19.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[627,667,1747,1820]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">46</td>
|
||
<td box="[695,724,1747,1820]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">41</td>
|
||
<td box="[763,801,1747,1820]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">7</td>
|
||
<td box="[831,883,1747,1820]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">5,3.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[899,1275,1747,1820]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">P1–6 (R), P1–6 (L),tertials,greater and median coverts</td>
|
||
<td box="[1315,1431,1747,1820]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">9 August 2012</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[91,1431,1835,1908]" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<th box="[91,338,1835,1908]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Paratype NHMUK reg.no.2012.9.3 LSUMNS tissue accession no.B77288</th>
|
||
<td box="[355,382,1835,1908]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">M</td>
|
||
<td box="[423,452,1835,1908]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1yr</td>
|
||
<td box="[490,520,1835,1908]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">14.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[559,608,1835,1908]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">19</td>
|
||
<td box="[627,667,1835,1908]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">45</td>
|
||
<td box="[695,724,1835,1908]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">36</td>
|
||
<td box="[763,801,1835,1908]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">8</td>
|
||
<td box="[831,883,1835,1908]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">4,0.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[899,1275,1835,1908]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">P1–6 (R), P1–6 (L),tertials,greater and median coverts</td>
|
||
<td box="[1315,1431,1835,1908]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">9 August 2012</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[91,1431,1922,1995]" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<th box="[91,338,1922,1995]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Paratype NHMUK reg.no.2012.9.4 LSUMNS tissue accession no.B77289</th>
|
||
<td box="[355,382,1922,1995]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">F</td>
|
||
<td box="[423,452,1922,1995]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1yr</td>
|
||
<td box="[490,520,1922,1995]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">13</td>
|
||
<td box="[559,608,1922,1995]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">18</td>
|
||
<td box="[627,667,1922,1995]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">41</td>
|
||
<td box="[695,724,1922,1995]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">35.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[763,801,1922,1995]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">6.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[831,883,1922,1995]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">n/a</td>
|
||
<td box="[899,1275,1922,1995]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">P2–3 (R), P2–3 (L),tertials and median coverts</td>
|
||
<td box="[1315,1431,1922,1995]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">9 August 2012</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[91,1431,2010,2056]" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<th box="[91,338,2010,2056]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Paratype NHMUK reg.no.2012.9.5</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[91,1431,2063,2083]" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<th box="[91,338,2063,2083]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">LSUMNS tissue accession no.B77290</th>
|
||
<td box="[355,382,2063,2083]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">F</td>
|
||
<td box="[423,452,2063,2083]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1yr</td>
|
||
<td box="[490,520,2063,2083]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">12</td>
|
||
<td box="[559,608,2063,2083]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">17</td>
|
||
<td box="[627,667,2063,2083]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">42</td>
|
||
<td box="[695,724,2063,2083]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">35.5</td>
|
||
<td box="[763,801,2063,2083]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">6</td>
|
||
<td box="[831,883,2063,2083]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">n/a</td>
|
||
<td box="[899,1275,2063,2083]" gridcol="9" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">P1–3 (R), P1–3 (L),tertials,greater and median coverts</td>
|
||
<td box="[1315,1431,2063,2083]" gridcol="10" gridrow="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">8 August 2012</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[91,1106,2097,2117]" box="[91,1106,2097,2117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<tableNote box="[91,1106,2097,2117]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" targetBox="[91,1431,1598,2083]" targetPageId="1">M, Male;F,Female;ad,adult;1yr,first calendar year.State of wing moult lists feather tracts recently replaced;P,primaries;R,right wing;L, left wing.</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764046/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[136,1496,179,1156]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,909,1063,1084]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Plate 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1043,1169,1063,1084]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1043,1169,1063,1084]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (a) dorsal, (b) ventral and (c) lateral views of the holotype and four paratypes (from left to right NHMUK 2012.9.1, 2012.9.2, 2012.9.3, 2012.9.4, 2012.9.5). Harry Taylor © Natural History Museum, London.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,798,1217,1565]" lastBlockId="2.[835,1497,1219,1272]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
province,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[240,350,1219,1243]" name="Cambodia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[365,519,1217,1243]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" value="11.948317">11°56’53.94”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[527,692,1217,1243]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" value="104.94749">104°56’50.94”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC87E5FFEFFF864FE4FB3343C4F90B:8EAA6028FFECFF8C4EA3FB4F4004FB42" country="Cambodia" latitude="11.948317" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="104.94749" name="c. 43 km north of Phnom Penh" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
c.
|
||
<quantity box="[727,798,1219,1243]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="km" value="43.0">43 km</quantity>
|
||
north of Phnom Penh
|
||
</location>
|
||
at c.
|
||
<quantity box="[400,450,1248,1272]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="15.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[400,450,1248,1272]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elevation on
|
||
<date box="[582,793,1248,1272]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2012-08-08" valueMax="2012-08-09" valueMin="2012-08-08">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[582,793,1248,1272]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2012-08-08" valueMax="2012-08-09" valueMin="2012-08-08">8 and 9 August 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, and prepared by JCE. Tissue samples from the same individuals were deposited in Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[585,669,1336,1360]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="1.[91,147,1544,1565]" captionText="Table 1. Mensural and other relevant data of holotype and paratypes (in mm,except mass in g)." pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus box="[693,797,1336,1360]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode box="[144,361,1366,1390]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">NHMUK 2012.9.1</specimenCode>
|
||
):
|
||
<specimenCount box="[381,437,1365,1389]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="adult">adult</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount box="[446,501,1365,1389]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="male">male</specimenCount>
|
||
; in active wing moult; one large testis (left testis
|
||
<quantity box="[403,492,1395,1419]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
length, right testis
|
||
<quantity box="[731,798,1395,1419]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
length).
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2239703450" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="NHMUK 2012 .9.2" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[223,323,1425,1449]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
aged by plumage: one
|
||
<specimenCount box="[563,616,1424,1448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="adult">adult</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount box="[624,673,1424,1448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="male">male</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode pageId="2" pageNumber="3">NHMUK 2012.9.2</specimenCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2239703448" collectionCode="NHMU" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="K 2012 .9.3" specimenCount="1">
|
||
one immature
|
||
<specimenCount box="[432,486,1453,1477]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">ma le</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[504,599,1454,1478]" collectionName="NHMU" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">NHMU</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode box="[600,729,1454,1478]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">K 2012.9.3</specimenCode>
|
||
) with unmoulted rectrices olive-green fringed
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2239703447" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="NHMUK 2012.9.4" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
one immature
|
||
<specimenCount box="[729,797,1483,1507]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="female">female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode box="[144,350,1512,1536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">NHMUK 2012.9.4</specimenCode>
|
||
) with some retained greater coverts fringed olive-green indicating immaturity, all other rectrices as adult;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2239703446" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" specimenCode="NHMUK 2012.9.5" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
and one immature
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1031,1099,1219,1243]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="female">female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1112,1316,1219,1243]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">NHMUK 2012.9.5</specimenCode>
|
||
) with unmoulted rectrices as immature
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1060,1112,1248,1272]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="male">male</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[835,1497,1303,1566]" box="[835,1099,1303,1330]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[835,1099,1303,1330]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,1099,1303,1330]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis of species</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[835,1497,1303,1566]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,896,1334,1359]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: in male entirely rich cinnamon-rufous crown and contrasting white cheeks, very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1112,1245,1366,1390]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1112,1245,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differing from
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lesson" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1397,1497,1366,1390]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ruficeps">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1397,1497,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">O. ruficeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1821" box="[882,985,1396,1419]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sepium">
|
||
<emphasis box="[882,985,1396,1419]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">O. sepium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in cheek colour (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1169,1251,1395,1419]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="2.[136,192,1613,1634]" captionText="Table 2. Qualitative summary of plumage of Orthotomus chaktomuk and closely related species (all adult male)." pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1264,1335,1395,1419]" captionStart="Plate 3" captionStartId="3.[90,144,2004,2025]" captionTargetBox="[92,743,189,1982]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[101,743,761,1382]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Plate 3. Specimens of the holotype of Orthotomus chaktomuk and closely related species (all males): (a) dorsal, (b) ventral and (c) lateral views (from left to right of O.chaktomuk, O. sepium sepium, O.ruficeps cineraceus and O. atrogularis nitidus). Harry Taylor © Natural History Museum, London." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764054/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Plate 3</figureCitation>
|
||
a–c). Rufous of crown less extensive in female.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1141,1395,1422,1447]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Upperparts and wings</emphasis>
|
||
: mid-grey in adult, superficially similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1821" box="[1231,1329,1454,1478]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sepium">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1231,1329,1454,1478]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">O. sepium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but lacking olive tones, strikingly different from
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1157,1297,1483,1507]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1157,1297,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which is yellowishgreen (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[904,984,1512,1536]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="2.[136,192,1613,1634]" captionText="Table 2. Qualitative summary of plumage of Orthotomus chaktomuk and closely related species (all adult male)." pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[996,1101,1512,1536]" captionStart="Plate 3" captionStartId="3.[90,144,2004,2025]" captionTargetBox="[92,743,189,1982]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[101,743,761,1382]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Plate 3. Specimens of the holotype of Orthotomus chaktomuk and closely related species (all males): (a) dorsal, (b) ventral and (c) lateral views (from left to right of O.chaktomuk, O. sepium sepium, O.ruficeps cineraceus and O. atrogularis nitidus). Harry Taylor © Natural History Museum, London." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764054/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Plate 3a, c</figureCitation>
|
||
); tail with dark grey subterminal band and whitish tips when fresh.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1118,1251,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Underparts</emphasis>
|
||
: pale grey ground colour
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption box="[136,1190,1613,1634]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1190,1613,1634]" box="[136,1190,1613,1634]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,210,1613,1634]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Table 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Qualitative summary of plumage of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[561,781,1613,1634]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[561,781,1613,1634]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Orthotomus chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and closely related species (all adult male).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<table box="[136,1497,1667,2103]" gridcols="13" gridrows="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<tr box="[136,1497,1667,1713]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<th box="[136,227,1667,1713]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Species</th>
|
||
<th box="[241,334,1667,1713]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Crown</th>
|
||
<th box="[347,440,1667,1713]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Cheeks</th>
|
||
<th box="[453,546,1667,1713]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Malar stripe</th>
|
||
<th box="[559,637,1667,1713]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mantle and rump</th>
|
||
<th box="[657,747,1667,1713]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Wing</th>
|
||
<th box="[763,859,1667,1713]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Chin</th>
|
||
<th box="[869,966,1667,1713]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Throat</th>
|
||
<th box="[975,1066,1667,1713]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Breast</th>
|
||
<th box="[1081,1165,1667,1713]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Belly</th>
|
||
<th box="[1186,1277,1667,1713]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Vent</th>
|
||
<th box="[1292,1391,1667,1713]" gridcol="11" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Thighs</th>
|
||
<th box="[1398,1497,1667,1713]" gridcol="12" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Tail</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1497,1726,1744]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<th box="[136,227,1726,1744]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[136,221,1726,1744]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,221,1726,1744]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">O.chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[241,440,1726,1744]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Rich cinnamon- Whitish</td>
|
||
<td box="[453,546,1726,1744]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">White,</td>
|
||
<td box="[559,637,1726,1744]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mid-grey</td>
|
||
<td box="[657,747,1726,1744]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mid-grey</td>
|
||
<td box="[763,859,1726,1744]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dark-grey with</td>
|
||
<td box="[869,966,1726,1744]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dark-grey with</td>
|
||
<td box="[975,1066,1726,1744]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mid-grey with</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1165,1726,1744]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Light-grey,</td>
|
||
<td box="[1186,1277,1726,1744]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Greyish-white</td>
|
||
<td box="[1292,1391,1726,1744]" gridcol="11" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Whitish-</td>
|
||
<td box="[1398,1497,1726,1744]" gridcol="12" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mid-grey with</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1497,1750,1816]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td box="[241,334,1750,1816]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">rufous</td>
|
||
<td box="[453,546,1750,1816]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">black speckled</td>
|
||
<td box="[763,1277,1750,1816]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">white speckling white speckling white speckling darker on flanks</td>
|
||
<td box="[1292,1391,1750,1816]" gridcol="11" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">cinnamon</td>
|
||
<td box="[1398,1497,1750,1816]" gridcol="12" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">blackish subterminal band and whitish tips</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1497,1830,1848]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<th box="[136,227,1830,1848]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,208,1830,1848]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">O.a.nitidus</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[241,334,1830,1848]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dull brick-red</td>
|
||
<td box="[347,440,1830,1848]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Whitish</td>
|
||
<td box="[453,546,1830,1848]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">White,</td>
|
||
<td box="[559,637,1830,1848]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bright</td>
|
||
<td box="[657,747,1830,1848]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bright</td>
|
||
<td box="[763,859,1830,1848]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Black with</td>
|
||
<td box="[869,966,1830,1848]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Black with</td>
|
||
<td box="[975,1066,1830,1848]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Whitish,black</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1165,1830,1848]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">White with</td>
|
||
<td box="[1186,1277,1830,1848]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bright sulphur</td>
|
||
<td box="[1292,1391,1830,1848]" gridcol="11" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bright</td>
|
||
<td box="[1398,1497,1830,1848]" gridcol="12" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bright</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1497,1854,1896]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<td box="[453,546,1854,1896]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">black speckled</td>
|
||
<td box="[559,637,1854,1896]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">yellow-olive</td>
|
||
<td box="[657,747,1854,1896]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">yellow-olive</td>
|
||
<td box="[763,1066,1854,1896]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">white speckling white speckling streaking on upper-breast</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1165,1854,1896]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">greenish- yellow flanks</td>
|
||
<td box="[1186,1277,1854,1896]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">yellow</td>
|
||
<td box="[1292,1391,1854,1896]" gridcol="11" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">yellowish- orange</td>
|
||
<td box="[1398,1497,1854,1896]" gridcol="12" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">yellowishgreen</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1497,1909,1927]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<th box="[136,227,1909,1927]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,227,1909,1927]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">O.r.cineraceus</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[241,334,1909,1927]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bright</td>
|
||
<td box="[347,440,1909,1927]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Orange-rufous</td>
|
||
<td box="[453,546,1909,1927]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Orange-rufous</td>
|
||
<td box="[559,637,1909,1927]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dark</td>
|
||
<td box="[657,747,1909,1927]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dull</td>
|
||
<td box="[763,859,1909,1927]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bright orange</td>
|
||
<td box="[869,966,1909,1927]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mid-grey</td>
|
||
<td box="[975,1066,1909,1927]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Pale-grey</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1165,1909,1927]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Whitish-grey</td>
|
||
<td box="[1186,1277,1909,1927]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">White</td>
|
||
<td box="[1292,1391,1909,1927]" gridcol="11" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bright</td>
|
||
<td box="[1398,1497,1909,1927]" gridcol="12" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dull olive-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1497,1933,1975]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||
<td box="[241,334,1933,1975]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">orange-rufous</td>
|
||
<td box="[559,747,1933,1975]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">brownish-grey olive-brown</td>
|
||
<td box="[1292,1391,1933,1975]" gridcol="11" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">orange-rufous</td>
|
||
<td box="[1398,1497,1933,1975]" gridcol="12" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">brown,whitish terminal tips</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1497,1989,2103]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<th box="[136,227,1989,2103]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,208,1989,2007]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
O.s.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1821" box="[164,208,1989,2007]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sepium">sepium</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[241,334,1989,2103]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fore-crown rufous,central mid- and hind- crown olive-rufous</td>
|
||
<td box="[347,440,1989,2103]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Cinnamon- rufous</td>
|
||
<td box="[453,546,1989,2103]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Cinnamon- rufous</td>
|
||
<td box="[559,637,1989,2103]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Brownish- olive</td>
|
||
<td box="[657,747,1989,2103]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dull brown with dull olive fringing</td>
|
||
<td box="[763,859,1989,2103]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Pale orange- rufous</td>
|
||
<td box="[869,966,1989,2103]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dark olive-grey</td>
|
||
<td box="[975,1066,1989,2103]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Greyish-olive</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1165,1989,2103]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Pale greyish- olive</td>
|
||
<td box="[1186,1277,1989,2103]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Whitish-grey</td>
|
||
<td box="[1292,1391,1989,2103]" gridcol="11" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Pale cinnamon- rufous</td>
|
||
<td box="[1398,1497,1989,2103]" gridcol="12" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Pale olive- brown with whitish terminal tips</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[790,1452,193,569]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
with profuse blackish throat-streaking in males (largely absent in females) with white drop-shaped marks, extensive mid-grey on flanks, and white vent; underparts of both sexes superficially similar to those of respective sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1200,1347,281,305]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1200,1347,281,305]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
owing to throat-streaking, but greyer on flanks and vent white,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lesson" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1346,1452,311,335]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ruficeps">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1346,1452,311,335]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">O. ruficeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1821" box="[832,929,340,364]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sepium">
|
||
<emphasis box="[832,929,340,364]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">O. sepium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacking throat-streaking in both sexes (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1316,1393,339,363]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="2.[136,192,1613,1634]" captionText="Table 2. Qualitative summary of plumage of Orthotomus chaktomuk and closely related species (all adult male)." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Plate 3" captionStartId="3.[90,144,2004,2025]" captionTargetBox="[92,743,189,1982]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[101,743,761,1382]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Plate 3. Specimens of the holotype of Orthotomus chaktomuk and closely related species (all males): (a) dorsal, (b) ventral and (c) lateral views (from left to right of O.chaktomuk, O. sepium sepium, O.ruficeps cineraceus and O. atrogularis nitidus). Harry Taylor © Natural History Museum, London." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plate 3b, c</figureCitation>
|
||
); further distinguished from other members of the genus by whitish-cinnamon thighs.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1058,1214,396,421]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Vocalisations</emphasis>
|
||
: loud, lengthy, complex and highly varied. Very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1135,1274,428,452]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1135,1274,428,452]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, phrases are given at a quicker pace and the gaps between phrases are shorter. Subjectively, these characteristics mean that the vocalisations of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[952,1091,516,540]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[952,1091,516,540]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sound faster and more complicated than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[929,1068,545,569]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[929,1068,545,569]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[790,1452,600,1273]" box="[790,1032,600,627]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[790,1032,600,627]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[790,1032,600,627]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sexing and ageing</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[790,1452,600,1273]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Based on field observations (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1068,1136,633,657]" captionStart="Plate 4" captionStartId="4.[136,188,2006,2027]" captionTargetBox="[136,1497,189,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[592,1041,791,1367]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Plate 4. Orthotomus chaktomuk (a–b) adult males in fresh plumage,21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (c–d) adult male in active moult (holotype), 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.1; J. C. Eames); (e) adult male in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (f) adult female in fresh plumage, 21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (g) adult female in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (h) immature male pre-moult, 16 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (i) immature male in active moult, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (j) immature female in active moult, 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.5; J. C.Eames);(k) subadult female in active moult, 9 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.4;J. C.Eames)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
a–k, Media Files SOM 1–3) and specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[905,975,662,686]" captionStart="Plate 2" captionStartId="2.[835,886,1063,1084]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Plate 2. Specimens of O.chaktomuk:(a)dorsal,(b) ventral and (c)lateral views of the holotype and four paratypes (from left to right NHMUK 2012.9.1, 2012.9.2, 2012.9.3, 2012.9.4, 2012.9.5). Harry Taylor © Natural History Museum, London." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764046/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plate 2</figureCitation>
|
||
a–c), female
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1101,1239,662,686]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1101,1239,662,686]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from males by paler cinnamon-rufous on crown, which is restricted to forecrown and sides of mid-crown (in lateral view this appears as a short cinnamon-rufous supercilium), paler grey upperparts and wings and whitish underparts with usually faint dark streaking. The latter is usually evident only at the edges of the throat/upper breast, although some (possibly older birds) show stronger and more extensive streaking on throat and breast. Even in these extreme individuals, the degree of female streaking does not approach that in males (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[887,958,926,950]" captionStart="Plate 4" captionStartId="4.[136,188,2006,2027]" captionTargetBox="[136,1497,189,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[592,1041,791,1367]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Plate 4. Orthotomus chaktomuk (a–b) adult males in fresh plumage,21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (c–d) adult male in active moult (holotype), 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.1; J. C. Eames); (e) adult male in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (f) adult female in fresh plumage, 21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (g) adult female in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (h) immature male pre-moult, 16 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (i) immature male in active moult, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (j) immature female in active moult, 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.5; J. C.Eames);(k) subadult female in active moult, 9 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.4;J. C.Eames)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
a–g). All three immature
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1218,1316,926,950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
show shorter tails than adults (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[959,1031,955,979]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="1.[91,147,1544,1565]" captionText="Table 1. Mensural and other relevant data of holotype and paratypes (in mm,except mass in g)." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Immature birds possess bright yellowisholive fringing to the wing-feathers (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1153,1241,985,1009]" captionStart="Plate 4" captionStartId="4.[136,188,2006,2027]" captionTargetBox="[136,1497,189,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[592,1041,791,1367]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Plate 4. Orthotomus chaktomuk (a–b) adult males in fresh plumage,21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (c–d) adult male in active moult (holotype), 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.1; J. C. Eames); (e) adult male in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (f) adult female in fresh plumage, 21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (g) adult female in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (h) immature male pre-moult, 16 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (i) immature male in active moult, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (j) immature female in active moult, 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.5; J. C.Eames);(k) subadult female in active moult, 9 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.4;J. C.Eames)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plate 4h</figureCitation>
|
||
), which are moulted during August and replaced with grey adult-type feathers (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Plate 4" captionStartId="4.[136,188,2006,2027]" captionTargetBox="[136,1497,189,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[592,1041,791,1367]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Plate 4. Orthotomus chaktomuk (a–b) adult males in fresh plumage,21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (c–d) adult male in active moult (holotype), 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.1; J. C. Eames); (e) adult male in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (f) adult female in fresh plumage, 21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (g) adult female in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (h) immature male pre-moult, 16 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (i) immature male in active moult, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (j) immature female in active moult, 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.5; J. C.Eames);(k) subadult female in active moult, 9 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.4;J. C.Eames)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
i–j). Immatures are browner (slightly olive) above and paler below, with reduced streaking (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1043,1117,1073,1097]" captionStart="Plate 4" captionStartId="4.[136,188,2006,2027]" captionTargetBox="[136,1497,189,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[592,1041,791,1367]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Plate 4. Orthotomus chaktomuk (a–b) adult males in fresh plumage,21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (c–d) adult male in active moult (holotype), 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.1; J. C. Eames); (e) adult male in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (f) adult female in fresh plumage, 21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (g) adult female in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (h) immature male pre-moult, 16 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (i) immature male in active moult, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (j) immature female in active moult, 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.5; J. C.Eames);(k) subadult female in active moult, 9 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.4;J. C.Eames)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
h–j). Wing-feathers of subadults appear as in adults, except sometimes they retain yellowish-olivefringed greater coverts (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1045,1138,1131,1155]" captionStart="Plate 4" captionStartId="4.[136,188,2006,2027]" captionTargetBox="[136,1497,189,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[592,1041,791,1367]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Plate 4. Orthotomus chaktomuk (a–b) adult males in fresh plumage,21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (c–d) adult male in active moult (holotype), 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.1; J. C. Eames); (e) adult male in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (f) adult female in fresh plumage, 21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (g) adult female in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (h) immature male pre-moult, 16 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (i) immature male in active moult, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (j) immature female in active moult, 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.5; J. C.Eames);(k) subadult female in active moult, 9 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.4;J. C.Eames)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plate 4k</figureCitation>
|
||
). Overall, subadults resemble adults, but are paler and less heavily marked below. In adults, there is individual variation in colour tone of grey feathering above and below, and intensity of throat-streaking (e.g. Media Files SOM 1–3). It is unknown if this is age-related.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[790,1453,1304,1683]" box="[790,1077,1304,1331]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[790,1077,1304,1331]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[790,1077,1304,1331]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description of species</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[790,1453,1304,1683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
The detailed description below was completed in the
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1344,1451,1337,1360]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
based primarily on the prepared specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1313,1437,1366,1390]" captionStart-0="Plate1" captionStart-1="Plate 2" captionStartId-0="1.[790,841,913,934]" captionStartId-1="2.[835,886,1063,1084]" captionTargetBox-0="[813,1424,220,879]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[790,1451,189,896]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="Plate1.Dorsal,ventralandlateral views ofthe holotypeofO.chaktomuk. Harry Taylor © Natural History Museum, London." captionText-1="Plate 2. Specimens of O.chaktomuk:(a)dorsal,(b) ventral and (c)lateral views of the holotype and four paratypes (from left to right NHMUK 2012.9.1, 2012.9.2, 2012.9.3, 2012.9.4, 2012.9.5). Harry Taylor © Natural History Museum, London." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2764040/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2764046/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plates 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
), supplemented by information from individuals observed and photographed in the field (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1057,1130,1425,1449]" captionStart="Plate 4" captionStartId="4.[136,188,2006,2027]" captionTargetBox="[136,1497,189,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[592,1041,791,1367]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Plate 4. Orthotomus chaktomuk (a–b) adult males in fresh plumage,21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (c–d) adult male in active moult (holotype), 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.1; J. C. Eames); (e) adult male in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (f) adult female in fresh plumage, 21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (g) adult female in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (h) immature male pre-moult, 16 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (i) immature male in active moult, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (j) immature female in active moult, 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.5; J. C.Eames);(k) subadult female in active moult, 9 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.4;J. C.Eames)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764056/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plate 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). It refers to the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1294,1384,1425,1449]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
unless otherwise stated. Although moult of body feathers was almost complete when specimens were collected, all adult specimens retained a few head, throat or breast feathers in pin. The
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1361,1451,1513,1537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus box="[838,940,1542,1566]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were in wing moult. Moult of wing feathers is complete by late August and followed immediately by moult and replacement of tail feathers, which were very worn in all specimens. Subjective colour assessments of plumage are, where possible, followed by a formal colour classification taken from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Smithe, F. B." box="[1306,1448,1659,1683]" journalOrPublisher="New York: American Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refId="ref13109" refString="Smithe, F. B. (1975) Naturalist's color guide. New York: American Museum of Natural History." title="Naturalist's color guide" type="book" year="1975">Smithe (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[790,1452,1717,2123]" box="[790,951,1717,1740]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[790,951,1717,1740]" fontSize="10" level="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[790,951,1717,1740]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Head and face</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[790,1452,1717,2123]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Crown from forehead to nape, lores, and feathers on orbital ring and just behind eye rich cinnamon-rufous (136 Raw Sienna) (slightly richer-coloured in the adult male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1144,1237,1806,1830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
); hindcrown slightly darker and more brownish (23 Raw Umber). Crown feathers in moult with newer feathers slightly richer rufous. On the immature female
|
||
<typeStatus box="[862,960,1894,1918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
the crown is less richly coloured than that of the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[790,880,1923,1947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(240 Kingfisher Rufous) and the cinnamon-rufous lores and feathering on the orbital ring and immediately behind the eye are replaced by rufous-buff (118 Warm Buff). The rufous crown feathering extends from the bill only as far back as the anterior of the mid-crown where dark-grey feathers predominate, imparting an overall greyish-brown colour (129 Dark Brownish Olive) to the hindcrown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764054/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[90,144,2004,2025]" targetBox="[92,743,189,1982]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[90,752,2004,2121]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[90,164,2004,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plate 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Specimens of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[481,708,2004,2025]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[481,708,2004,2025]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Orthotomus chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and closely related species (all males): (a) dorsal, (b) ventral and (c) lateral views (from left to right of
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[346,476,2052,2073]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">O. chaktomuk</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="sepium" box="[485,648,2052,2073]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="sepium" subSpecies="sepium">O. sepium sepium</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1845" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="ruficeps" subSpecies="cineraceus">O. ruficeps cineraceus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hume" authorityYear="1874" box="[239,436,2076,2097]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="atrogularis" subSpecies="nitidus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[239,436,2076,2097]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">O. atrogularis nitidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Harry Taylor © Natural History Museum, London.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764056/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[136,188,2006,2027]" targetBox="[136,1497,189,1974]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1498,2006,2123]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,207,2006,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Plate 4</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[216,437,2006,2027]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[216,437,2006,2027]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Orthotomus chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a–b) adult males in fresh plumage, 21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (c–d) adult male in active moult (holotype), 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.1; J. C. Eames); (e) adult male in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (f) adult female in fresh plumage, 21 November 2012 (J. A. Eaton); (g) adult female in worn plumage, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (h) immature male pre-moult, 16 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (i) immature male in active moult, 29 July 2012 (A. J. I. John); (j) immature female in active moult, 8 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.5; J. C. Eames); (k) subadult female in active moult, 9 August 2012 (NHMUK 2012.9.4; J. C. Eames).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[91,753,193,539]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Five blackish rictal bristles per side, anterior two c.
|
||
<quantity box="[629,689,193,217]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, twice the length of posterior three. Ear-coverts, cheeks and moustachial stripe almost white contrasting strongly with crown and underparts; however, feathers have buff (124 Buff) tips imparting an off-white wash.Feathers of submoustachial stripe and malar stripe white with very dark grey (82 Blackish Neutral Gray) bases and sometimes tips and fringes; white predominates, giving an impression of white speckling on a blackish base and contrasting strongly with the whitish cheeks. The malar stripe on the immature
|
||
<typeStatus box="[633,731,428,452]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
is quite different to that of the adult male specimens. It is made up of white feathers with pale grey central portions (85 Light Neutral Gray) and therefore contrasts little with the cheeks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[91,752,573,745]" box="[91,222,573,596]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[91,222,573,596]" fontSize="10" level="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[91,222,573,596]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Upperparts</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[91,752,573,745]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Boundary between hindcrown and upper neck abrupt. Upper neck, mantle and rump concolorous mid-grey (84 Medium Neutral Gray), slightly blue-toned approaching 78 Plumbeous (all feathers fresh and body moult apparently completed). Feathers on mantle and particularly rump relatively long and filamentous.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[91,753,778,1155]" box="[91,162,778,801]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[91,162,778,801]" fontSize="10" level="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[91,162,778,801]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[91,753,778,1155]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Wings of all prepared specimens in active moult (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[591,666,809,833]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="1.[91,147,1544,1565]" captionText="Table 1. Mensural and other relevant data of holotype and paratypes (in mm,except mass in g)." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). On all specimens, fresh adult feathers are slightly darker grey (83 Dark Neutral Gray) than mantle, tinged very slightly brownish with mid-grey (84 Medium Neutral Gray) fringing (slightly broader on outer webs). Fresh primaries with off-white inner webs; worn adult rectrices buffy-brown (239 Ground Cinnamon) lacking fringing or pale webs. Underside of remiges dull silver-grey (84 Medium Neutral Gray). Underwing-coverts paler grey (85 Light Neutral Gray). Alula and axillaries contrasting white. Unmoulted rectrices of the immature male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[326,415,1073,1097]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
and immature female
|
||
<typeStatus box="[654,752,1073,1097]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
differ strikingly from those of adult male specimens in being fringed bright olive-green (50 Yellowish Olive-Green).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[91,753,1189,1566]" box="[91,131,1189,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[91,131,1189,1212]" fontSize="10" level="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[91,131,1189,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Tail</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[91,753,1189,1566]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Slightly rounded, outermost pair of rectrices
|
||
<quantity box="[556,617,1220,1243]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
shorter than central pair. Tail of
|
||
<typeStatus box="[284,374,1249,1273]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
very worn, buffy-brown (239 Ground Cinnamon), dorsal side slightly darker than ventral but heavily worn. Whitish-buff terminal tips just visible on all but central rectrices. Tail of immature female
|
||
<typeStatus box="[439,528,1337,1361]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[541,650,1337,1361]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
2012.9.4) less worn than that of the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[366,456,1366,1390]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(and other
|
||
<typeStatus box="[578,677,1366,1390]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
) and is dark greyish-brown (21 Fuscous) with broader whitish tips than those shown by other specimens. Field observations indicate that fresh tail feathers are mid-grey (similar in colouration to fresh wing feathers and therefore probably 83 Dark Neutral Gray or 84 Medium Neutral Gray) with a blackish-grey subterminal band (c.
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide) and whitish tips.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[91,753,1600,2123]" box="[91,222,1600,1623]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[91,222,1600,1623]" fontSize="10" level="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[91,222,1600,1623]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Underparts</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[91,753,1600,2123]" lastBlockId="5.[790,1453,193,891]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus box="[137,227,1630,1654]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
shows white chin feathers with very dark grey (82 Blackish Neutral Gray) bases, tips and fringes, therefore darker overall than feathers on malar stripe, the latter overhanging those on throat. In the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[264,356,1718,1742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, feathers of throat in an advanced stage of moult, some feathers in pin visible. Throat similar in colouration to chin although with much less white; feathers almost entirely solid dark grey (82 Blackish Neutral Gray) gradually becoming darker towards the breast (83 Dark Neutral Gray) with some white tips throughout. On the breast some dark grey feathers (83 Dark Neutral Gray) possess contrasting white rachis and base of barbs on distal two-thirds of feather, creating a pattern of whitish drops on a mid-grey background. On the edges of the breast, solid mid-grey (84 Medium Neutral Gray) feathers predominate. On the adult male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[149,241,2012,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[258,369,2011,2035]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
2012.9.2), the whitish drop-shaped marks on the breast are better developed than on the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[661,752,2041,2065]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and extend onto the throat, perhaps because the darker fringes are more worn. Field observations indicate that there is variation in the extent and intensity of dark throat-streaking in males (Media files SOM 1–2). The boundary between breast and belly is gradual; feathers tend towards lighter grey on belly (86 Pale Neutral Grey) and flanks (85 Light Neutral Gray). Flank feathers are relatively long. Vent greyish-white (paler than 86 Pale Neutral Gray). Thighs whitish-cinnamon (6 Salmon).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[790,1453,193,891]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The underparts of the immature male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1236,1326,369,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1342,1452,369,393]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
2012.9.3) differ from those of the adult male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1267,1358,398,422]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in being paler with reduced dark grey on the throat and upper breast. There is an almost complete lack of dark tones on the throat, and the very dark grey (82 Blackish Neutral Gray) area on the throat is much smaller and barely extends onto the breast. On the throat and breast, feathers with white shaOEs and distal portions are more abundant than on the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[907,998,574,598]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, giving the throat a more speckled appearance. On the breast, solid white and pale grey feathers predominate such that the overall colour is whitish-grey (86 Pale Neutral Gray) rapidly grading to off-white on the belly. Flank feathers of the immature male are slightly whiter than those of the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1197,1290,691,715]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The underparts of the immature female
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1033,1131,721,745]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are even paler than those of the immature male and almost completely lack dark tones. In those two specimens the chin and throat are white. Although there is a small area of mid-grey (84 Medium Neutral Gray) on the sides of the upper breast and the flank feathers are pale grey (86 Pale Neutral Gray or 85 Light Neutral Gray), the underparts are otherwise off-white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[790,1453,925,1214]" box="[790,907,925,948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[790,907,925,948]" fontSize="10" level="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[790,907,925,948]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bare parts</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[790,1453,925,1214]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Upper mandible dark horn, lower mandible pink horn, paler and pinker at base (more extensively pink on adult male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1308,1400,985,1009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Bill slender. Culmen decurved close to tip, not strongly carinated, tip very slightly hooked.Gonys convex.Tarsus and toes pinkish (slightly darker in adult male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1003,1094,1073,1097]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, paler in immature male
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1349,1441,1073,1097]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
); soles of the feet pale pink. Claws pale brownish pink, becoming paler towards tips. On female
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1092,1190,1132,1156]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
tarsi, feet, soles and lower mandibles are paler than those of the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1164,1257,1161,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. Iris orange-brown. Inside of mouth pale pink.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[790,1452,1245,2123]" box="[790,1153,1245,1272]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[790,1153,1245,1272]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[790,1153,1245,1272]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description of vocalisations</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[790,1452,1245,2123]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">For clarity we use the following terminology to describe vocalisations: note – a single song element; strophe – a continuous flow of notes, separated from other strophes by silent pauses; phrase – one or more strophes given in quick succession; and song – one or more phrases given in quick succession; strophe pace – number of notes per strophe/strophe length; phrase pace (for phrases with more than one strophe) – phrase duration/strophes per phrase. Note that recordings varied in length and quality, so only those with good quality strophes were analysed.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[790,1452,1245,2123]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Male
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[885,1025,1542,1566]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[885,1025,1542,1566]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
songs are lengthy, oOEen lasting more than one minute (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[912,1003,1571,1595]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="0.[1153,1224,1443,1464]" captionTargetBox="[137,1123,1440,2108]" captionTargetId="figure@0.[136,1123,1437,2116]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of records of Orthotomus chaktomuk and O. atrogularis within and close to the floodplain of the Mekong,Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764036/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure S1</figureCitation>
|
||
o–s, S1u, Media Files SOM 1–6). They consist of multiple phrases repeated at intervals of 0.42–4.30 seconds, typically much shorter than the maximum interval (mean: 1.7 seconds). Phrases are made up of 2–5 strophes, which are given at 0.12–0.95 second intervals. Males occasionally switch to a different strophe
|
||
<typeStatus box="[875,920,1718,1742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
mid-way through a song, although not within the same phrase. Strophes are also sometimes given singly.Strophes are trilled, consist of 3–18 notes and typically last 0.17–0.49 seconds (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[797,875,1806,1830]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="6.[136,191,188,209]" captionText="Table 3.Transliterations and univariate summary statistics of measurements of strophe characteristics of Orthotomuschaktomuk." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
). Twelve distinct male strophe
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1193,1247,1806,1830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">types</typeStatus>
|
||
are known, ranging from up, down or ‘overslurred’ (the latter referring to sequences of notes that rise and then fall) trills (oOEen with a louder initial or terminal note) to a mix of trilled notes and upslurs, downslurs or ‘overslurs’ (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[902,980,1923,1947]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="6.[136,191,188,209]" captionText="Table 3.Transliterations and univariate summary statistics of measurements of strophe characteristics of Orthotomuschaktomuk." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[990,1084,1923,1947]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="0.[1153,1224,1443,1464]" captionTargetBox="[137,1123,1440,2108]" captionTargetId="figure@0.[136,1123,1437,2116]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of records of Orthotomus chaktomuk and O. atrogularis within and close to the floodplain of the Mekong,Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764036/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure S1</figureCitation>
|
||
a–l, Media Files SOM 1–6). Within strophe
|
||
<typeStatus box="[871,918,1953,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, number of notes varies slightly (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1247,1326,1953,1977]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="10.[136,192,922,943]" captionText="Table 4. Results of discriminant analyses of songs of species in the O. chaktomuk–O. atrogularis–O. ruficeps–O. sepium clade, based on 12 acoustic variables,showing first three (of four) canonical functions." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[790,1452,1245,2123]" lastBlockId="6.[136,798,1427,1598]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Female
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[904,1042,1982,2006]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[904,1042,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vocalisations are typically emitted whilst the male is vocalising, but are sometimes given between male vocalisations (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[934,1031,2041,2065]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="0.[1153,1224,1443,1464]" captionTargetBox="[137,1123,1440,2108]" captionTargetId="figure@0.[136,1123,1437,2116]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of records of Orthotomus chaktomuk and O. atrogularis within and close to the floodplain of the Mekong,Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764036/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure S1</figureCitation>
|
||
o–s, S1u, Media File S1–6). Females give a stereotyped trill at a higher frequency than male vocalisations (typically 5–16 notes lasting 0.24–0.84 seconds;
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1296,1374,2099,2123]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="6.[136,191,188,209]" captionText="Table 3.Transliterations and univariate summary statistics of measurements of strophe characteristics of Orthotomuschaktomuk." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="0.[1153,1224,1443,1464]" captionTargetBox="[137,1123,1440,2108]" captionTargetId="figure@0.[136,1123,1437,2116]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of records of Orthotomus chaktomuk and O. atrogularis within and close to the floodplain of the Mekong,Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764036/files/figure.png" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Figure S
|
||
<quantity box="[151,187,1427,1451]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1.0">1m</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
, Media File S1–6). Females, and exceptionally males, sometimes produce a nasal squeak consisting of a single note with harmonics (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[254,365,1486,1510]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="0.[1153,1224,1443,1464]" captionTargetBox="[137,1123,1440,2108]" captionTargetId="figure@0.[136,1123,1437,2116]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of records of Orthotomus chaktomuk and O. atrogularis within and close to the floodplain of the Mekong,Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764036/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figure S1n</figureCitation>
|
||
, Media File S6). This vocalisation is usually given singly (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[262,368,1515,1539]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="0.[1153,1224,1443,1464]" captionTargetBox="[137,1123,1440,2108]" captionTargetId="figure@0.[136,1123,1437,2116]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of records of Orthotomus chaktomuk and O. atrogularis within and close to the floodplain of the Mekong,Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764036/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figure S1p</figureCitation>
|
||
), but occasionally more than one is repeated in quick succession; when many squeaks are given in sequence the first is usually longer than others (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[478,584,1574,1598]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="0.[1153,1224,1443,1464]" captionTargetBox="[137,1123,1440,2108]" captionTargetId="figure@0.[136,1123,1437,2116]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of records of Orthotomus chaktomuk and O. atrogularis within and close to the floodplain of the Mekong,Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764036/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Figure S
|
||
<quantity box="[565,584,1574,1598]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="t" value="1.0">1t</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
, Media File S6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption box="[136,1345,188,209]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,1345,188,209]" box="[136,1345,188,209]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,208,188,209]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Transliterations and univariate summary statistics of measurements of strophe characteristics of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1120,1340,188,209]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">Orthotomus chaktomuk</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<table box="[136,1374,245,1267]" gridcols="8" gridrows="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,245,265]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,245,265]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,211,245,265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figure no.</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[249,341,245,265]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[249,318,245,265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">No.notes</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[416,516,245,265]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[416,490,245,265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Length (s)</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[582,707,245,265]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[582,707,245,265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Notes per second</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[748,853,245,265]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[748,852,245,265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Max freq.(Hz)</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[915,1019,245,265]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[915,1015,245,265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Min freq.(Hz)</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[1081,1197,245,265]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1081,1197,245,265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bandwidth (Hz)</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[1247,1374,245,265]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1247,1357,245,265]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Transliteration</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,282,302]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,1374,282,302]" colspan="8" colspanRight="7" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,172,282,302]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Male</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,319,368]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,319,368]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,162,319,339]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1a</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,319,368]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5–6 (5.5,0.7,2)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,319,368]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.35–0.42 (0.39,0.05,2)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,319,368]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.35–0.42 (0.07,0,2)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,319,368]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4,616–5,026 (4,821,290,2)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,319,368]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2,291–2,394 (2,343,73,2)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,319,368]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2,325–2,632 (2,479,217,2)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,319,368]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1247,1277,319,339]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pi’pi’</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1286,1297,319,339]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1277,1286,323,337]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">PI’</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1289,1297,319,339]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1297,1307,323,337]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">IH</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,385,435]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,385,435]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,163,385,405]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1b</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,385,435]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">9–12 (10.6,1.0,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,385,435]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.30–0.41 (0.36,0.03,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,385,435]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.03–0.04 (0.03,0,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,385,435]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3,780–4,657 (4,248,293,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,385,435]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,485–1,957 (1,766,136,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,385,435]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,991–3,037 (2,481,334,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,385,435]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1247,1307,385,405]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">chu’u’u’u’</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1314,1318,385,405]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1307,1313,390,404]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">U’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1324,1328,385,405]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1317,1323,390,404]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">U’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1327,1346,390,404]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">URH</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,452,501]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,452,501]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,161,452,472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1c</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,452,501]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">7–8 (7.9,0.2,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,452,501]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.31–0.38 (0.37,0.02,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,452,501]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.04–0.05 (0.05,0,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,452,501]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3,864–4,308 (4,101,143,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,452,501]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,402–1,778 (1,656,106,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,452,501]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2,154–2,906 (2,444,201,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,452,501]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1247,1299,452,472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1247,1295,452,472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pu’ru’ru</emphasis>
|
||
’
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1310,1314,452,472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1298,1310,456,470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">RU’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1325,1329,452,472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1313,1325,456,470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">RU’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1340,1344,452,472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1328,1340,456,470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">RU’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1342,1355,456,470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">RU</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,518,567]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,518,567]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,163,518,538]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1d</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,518,567]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">12–14 (13.3,0.8,15)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,518,567]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.38–0.47 (0.43,0.03,15)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,518,567]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.03–0.03 (0.03,0,15)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,518,567]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3,658–4,206 (3,946,156,15)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,518,567]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,504–2,667 (1,901,316,15)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,518,567]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,368–2,668 (2,045,294,15)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,518,567]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1247,1253,518,538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1260,1264,518,538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1254,1260,522,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">TR’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1269,1273,518,538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1262,1268,522,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">R’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1271,1277,522,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">R</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1278,1368,518,538]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">’R’R’R’R’R’R’R’</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1368,1374,522,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">R</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,584,633]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,584,633]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,162,584,604]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1e</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,584,633]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">10–18 (14.3,2.7,6)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,584,633]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.28–0.40 (0.32,0.04,6)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,584,633]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.02–0.03 (0.02,0,6)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,584,633]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4,306–4,545 (4,393,102,6)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,584,633]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,547–1,886 (1,700,117,6)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,584,633]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2,602–2,998 (2,694,154,6)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,584,633]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1247,1261,584,604]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">EE</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1262,1278,588,602]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">EEE</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1277,1307,584,604]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
\
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1283,1307,584,604]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">EEU</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,650,700]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,650,700]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,160,650,670]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1f</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,650,700]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">9–12 (10.6,0.9,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,650,700]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.27–0.35 (0.31,0.03,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,650,700]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.03–0.03 (0.03,0,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,650,700]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4,836–5,609 (5,271,112,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,650,700]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,499–1,838 (1,705,112,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,650,700]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3,192–4,110 (3,566,297,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,650,700]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1247,1304,650,670]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">PIeee/RR</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1304,1312,655,669]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">IE</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1313,1318,650,670]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">t</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,717,766]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,717,766]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,163,717,737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1g</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,717,766]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">10–16 (12.1,1.7,54)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,717,766]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.33–0.49 (0.39,0.03,54)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,717,766]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.03–0.04 (0.03,0,54)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,717,766]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2,839–4,286 (3,779,394,54)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,717,766]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,282–1,890 (1,608,119,54)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,717,766]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,183–3,004 (2,171,395,54)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,717,766]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1247,1285,717,737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">PTeur’</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1292,1296,717,737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1285,1291,721,735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">R’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1300,1304,717,737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1294,1300,721,735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">R’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1309,1313,717,737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1303,1309,721,735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">R’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1318,1322,717,737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1312,1318,721,735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">R’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1327,1331,717,737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1321,1327,721,735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">R’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1336,1340,717,737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1329,1335,721,735]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">R’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,783,832]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,783,832]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,163,783,803]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1h</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,783,832]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">10–13 (11.1,0.9,7)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,783,832]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.23–0.29 (0.26,0.02,7)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,783,832]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.02–0.02 (0.02,0,7)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,783,832]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4,387–4,758 (4,474,133,7)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,783,832]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,653–2,126 (1,866,196,7)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,783,832]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2,261–2,902 (2,608,258,7)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,783,832]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1247,1275,787,801]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">CHEEE</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1275,1299,783,803]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
\
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1281,1299,783,803]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">UP</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,849,898]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,849,898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,159,849,869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1i</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,849,898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">13–15 (14.0,0.9,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,849,898]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.29–0.36 (0.32,0.03,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,849,898]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.02–0.02 (0.02,0,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,849,898]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5,669–6,311 (6,011,201,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,849,898]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,451–1,991 (1,687,178,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,849,898]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3,880–4,725 (4,324,337,8)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,849,898]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1247,1273,849,869]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ree/</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1273,1279,853,867]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Y</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1278,1312,849,869]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
\
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1284,1312,849,869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">uET!</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,915,965]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,915,965]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,158,915,935]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1j</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,915,965]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3–4 (3.5,0.5,33)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,915,965]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.17–0.24 (0.21,0.02,33)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,915,965]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.05–0.06 (0.06,0,33)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,915,965]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3,830–4,821 (4,455,239,33)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,915,965]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,128–2,120 (1,610,259,33)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,915,965]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2,394–3,522 (2,844,252,33)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,915,965]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1247,1258,915,935]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P’</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1259,1264,920,934]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1264,1288,915,935]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">’Biu</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,982,1031]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,982,1031]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,162,982,1002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1k</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,982,1031]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3–3 (3.0,0, 5)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,982,1031]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.22–0.23 (0.23,0.01,5)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,982,1031]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.07–0.08 (0.08,0,5)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,982,1031]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4,616–5,026 (4,828,153,5)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,982,1031]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,881–2,017 (1,963,52,5)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,982,1031]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2,633–3,043 (2,865,152,5)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,982,1031]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1247,1277,982,1002]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pi’pi’</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1277,1289,986,1000]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">PU</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1289,1293,982,1002]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">i</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,1048,1097]" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,1048,1097]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,159,1048,1068]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1l</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,1048,1097]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3–4 (3.1,0.3,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,1048,1097]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.19–0.27 (0.20,0.02,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,1048,1097]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.06–0.07 (0.07,0,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,1048,1097]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3,680–4,240 (4,097,135,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,1048,1097]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,573–1,949 (1,742,115,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,1048,1097]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,731–2,633 (2,355,196,18)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,1048,1097]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1247,1253,1052,1066]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1253,1260,1048,1068]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">i’</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1261,1267,1052,1066]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1267,1274,1048,1068]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">i’</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1281,1298,1048,1068]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1275,1281,1052,1066]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">BB</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1289,1298,1048,1068]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">it</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,1114,1134]" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,1374,1114,1134]" colspan="8" colspanRight="7" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,190,1114,1134]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Female</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,1151,1200]" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,1151,1200]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,169,1151,1171]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1m</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,1151,1200]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5–16 (9.4,3.4,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,1151,1200]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.24–0.84 (0.48,0.18,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,1151,1200]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.05–0.05 (0.05,0,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,1151,1200]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4,725–5,805 (5,038,260,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,1151,1200]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2,086–3,544 (2,673,398,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,1151,1200]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,485–3,213 (2,365,421,25)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,1151,1200]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1247,1253,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1268,1272,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1254,1268,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">TCRI’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1274,1278,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1271,1275,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1279,1283,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1276,1280,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1285,1289,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1282,1286,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1291,1295,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1288,1292,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1296,1300,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1293,1297,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1302,1306,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1299,1303,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1308,1312,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1305,1309,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1313,1317,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1310,1314,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1319,1323,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1316,1320,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1325,1329,1151,1171]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1322,1326,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I’</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[1327,1331,1155,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">I</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[136,1374,1217,1267]" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th box="[136,211,1217,1267]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S1n</th>
|
||
<td box="[249,341,1217,1267]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1–1 (1,0,17)</td>
|
||
<td box="[416,516,1217,1267]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.07–0.23 (0.15,0.07 17)</td>
|
||
<td box="[582,707,1217,1267]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.07–0.23 (0.15,0.07 17)</td>
|
||
<td box="[748,853,1217,1267]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4,484–6,243 (5,176,409,17)</td>
|
||
<td box="[915,1019,1217,1267]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2,460–4,252 (3,189,376,17)</td>
|
||
<td box="[1081,1197,1217,1267]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1,553–2,354 (1,987,280,17)</td>
|
||
<td box="[1247,1374,1217,1267]" gridcol="7" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">tew</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,1488,1293,1359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<tableNote pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[136,1374,245,1267]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
Analyses based on 12 recordings of male vocalisations from six pairs of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[567,708,1293,1311]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[567,708,1293,1311]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Orthotomus chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Kandal province,Cambodia,obtained as follows:(1) four pairs from c.40 km south-east of Phnom Penh (at or very close to 11°19’45.77”N 105°11’48.41”E);(2) one pair from c.15 km north of Phnom Penh (11°41’37.14”N 104°53’43.79”E);and (3) one pair from c.30 km north of Phnom Penh (11°50’18.24”N 104°49’26.55”E).Measurements taken in Raven Pro 1.4 (Raven 2012).Values given are:minimum–maximum (mean;sd;sample size).In vocal transcriptions,notation follows Rasmussen & Anderton (2005).
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,798,1629,1920]" box="[136,279,1629,1656]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[136,279,1629,1656]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,279,1629,1656]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,798,1629,1920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The specific epithet ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[347,456,1662,1686]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[347,456,1662,1686]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ is a Khmer word meaning ‘four faces’. It is used in reference to the low-lying area at which the Tonle Sap, Bassac and Mekong rivers come together to form an ‘X’ centred on Phnom Penh, itself historically known as ‘Krong Chaktomuk’ (literally ‘City of Four Faces’). Based on current knowledge, the global distribution of the new species is restricted to scrub within the dynamic floodplain created by the confluence of these waters. We use
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[214,323,1868,1892]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[214,323,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a noun in apposition to the genus name, and it is thus invariable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,798,1951,2126]" box="[136,390,1951,1978]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[136,390,1951,1978]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,390,1951,1978]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nomenclatural acts</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,798,1951,2126]" lastBlockId="6.[835,1498,1427,1715]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The electronic edition of this article conforms to the requirements of the amended International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature" box="[143,786,2043,2067]" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 10" part="219" refId="ref11533" refString="International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (2012) Amendment of Articles 8, 9, 10, 21 and 78 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature to expand and refine methods of publication. ZooKeys 219: 1 - 10." title="Amendment of Articles 8, 9, 10, 21 and 78 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature to expand and refine methods of publication" type="journal article" year="2012">International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and hence the new name contained herein is available under that Code from the electronic edition of this article. This published work and the nomenclatural act it contains have been registered in ZooBank, the online registration system for the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature. The ZooBank Life Science Identifiers (LSIDs) can be resolved and the associated information viewed through any standard web browser by appending the
|
||
<collectionCode box="[981,1039,1574,1598]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">LSID</collectionCode>
|
||
to the prefix “http://zoobank.org/”. The
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1439,1497,1574,1598]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">LSID</collectionCode>
|
||
for this publication is:
|
||
<uri pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:
|
||
<uuid pageId="6" pageNumber="7">F1778491-B6EE- 4225-95B2-2843B32CBA08</uuid>
|
||
</uri>
|
||
. The electronic edition of this work was published in a journal with an
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1174,1231,1662,1686]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ISSN</collectionCode>
|
||
, and has been archived and is available from the digital repository
|
||
<emphasis box="[1207,1290,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">BioTaxa</emphasis>
|
||
(http://biotaxa.org).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[835,1191,1775,1802]" box="[835,1191,1775,1802]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading allCaps="true" bold="true" box="[835,1191,1775,1802]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,1191,1775,1802]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ECOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[835,1497,1834,2126]" box="[835,934,1834,1861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[835,934,1834,1861]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,934,1834,1861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[835,1497,1834,2126]" lastBlockId="7.[91,753,721,1772]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
All observations of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1040,1181,1868,1892]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1040,1181,1868,1892]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were made on level ground in very dense humid evergreen scrub (multi-stemmed woody plants,
|
||
<quantity box="[835,901,1926,1950]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2–6 m</quantity>
|
||
tall), sometimes admixed with long grasses or trees (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1415,1484,1926,1950]" captionStart="Plate 5" captionStartId="7.[91,142,644,665]" captionTargetBox="[91,752,189,627]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[88,752,186,628]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Plate 5. Habitat at the type locality of Orthotomuschaktomuk. Simon P.Mahood." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764064/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Plate 5</figureCitation>
|
||
), at elevations of
|
||
<quantity box="[992,1071,1955,1979]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="3.0">3–25 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level. Trees occur exceptionally; where present they are typically scarce, the scrub forming a dense layer with occasional tree canopies emerging from it.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Orthotomus chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been seen in forest (defined as a habitat where trees predominate) and is therefore assumed to be absent from it. At all locations where birds have been found, the scrub is located within a floodplain and experiences seasonal or permanent (artificial) flooding. The presence of seasonally flooded scrub in any location is probably typically transitory, since in the absence of disturbance by people, large ungulates or hydrological processes it would presumably revert to seasonally flooded forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764064/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[91,142,644,665]" targetBox="[91,752,189,627]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[91,671,644,689]" box="[91,671,644,665]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[91,160,644,665]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Plate 5</emphasis>
|
||
. Habitat at the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[447,665,644,665]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[447,665,644,665]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Orthotomus chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[91,671,644,689]" box="[91,260,668,689]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Simon P. Mahood.</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[91,753,721,1772]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[128,355,868,892]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[128,355,868,892]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Orthotomus atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sometimes found in seasonally flooded scrub occupied by
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[277,416,898,922]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[277,416,898,922]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[429,514,897,921]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="0.[1153,1224,1443,1464]" captionTargetBox="[137,1123,1440,2108]" captionTargetId="figure@0.[136,1123,1437,2116]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of records of Orthotomus chaktomuk and O. atrogularis within and close to the floodplain of the Mekong,Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764036/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
, Table
|
||
<collectionCode box="[588,645,897,921]" country="Bulgaria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12731" name="Bulgarian Academy of Sciences" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">SOM</collectionCode>
|
||
1). Where the two species are syntopic,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[406,553,927,951]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[406,553,927,951]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is much the rarer. Typically
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[191,331,956,980]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[191,331,956,980]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in the edge and canopy of taller forest habitats, showing a preference for disturbed and secondary forest because these offer an abundance of vines (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Madge, S. C." box="[611,748,1014,1038]" journalOrPublisher="Handbook of the birds of the world, 11. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref11923" refString="Madge, S. C. (2006) Family Cisticolidae (Cisticolas and allies) [Orthotomus accounts]. Pp. 422 - 427 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie, eds., Handbook of the birds of the world, 11. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions." title="Family Cisticolidae (Cisticolas and allies) [Orthotomus accounts]. Pp. 422 - 427 in J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott & D. A. Christie, eds" type="book" year="2006">Madge 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wells, D. R." box="[91,216,1044,1068]" journalOrPublisher="London: Christopher Helm" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref13388" refString="Wells, D. R. (2007) The birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula, 2. London: Christopher Helm." title="The birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula" type="book" year="2007">Wells 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In some parts of the Tonle Sap floodplain where
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[91,234,1074,1098]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[91,234,1074,1098]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is absent,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[346,488,1074,1098]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[346,488,1074,1098]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is common in seasonally flooded forest and scrub, presumably because this habitat also offers an abundance of edge surfaces. At the other end of the habitat continuum,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pennant" baseAuthorityYear="1769" box="[216,326,1162,1185]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sutorius">
|
||
<emphasis box="[216,326,1162,1185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. sutorius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
replaces
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[419,560,1162,1186]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[419,560,1162,1186]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in open scrub and gardens, although at some locations the two species are syntopic, even vocalising from the same individual plants (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[587,639,1220,1244]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ifne-sm24" name="Sabah Parks" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">SPM</collectionCode>
|
||
pers. obs.).
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[91,330,1250,1274]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[91,330,1250,1274]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Orthotomus chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possibly occupies a habitat intermediate between those of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[259,394,1279,1303]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[259,394,1279,1303]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pennant" baseAuthorityYear="1769" box="[439,543,1279,1303]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sutorius">
|
||
<emphasis box="[439,543,1279,1303]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. sutorius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, as in other geographic areas where more than one lowland tailorbird species is present, habitat niches are difficult to define and distinguish. Ecological interactions and habitat associations of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[611,752,1367,1391]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[611,752,1367,1391]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other lowland tailorbirds are worthy of further research.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[91,753,721,1772]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Birds sharing the habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[412,552,1426,1450]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[412,552,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include widespread species oOEen associated with gardens, e.g. Yellow-vented Bulbul
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", Pied Fantail" authorityName="Pied Fantail" box="[91,439,1484,1508]" class="Aves" family="Pycnonotidae" genus="Pycnonotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goiavier">
|
||
<emphasis box="[91,295,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pycnonotus goiavier</emphasis>
|
||
, Pied Fantail
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", Oriental Magpie Robin" authorityName="Oriental Magpie Robin" class="Aves" family="Rhipiduridae" genus="Rhipidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[447,647,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhipidura javanica</emphasis>
|
||
, Oriental Magpie Robin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[236,413,1514,1538]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Copsychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[236,413,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Copsychus saularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sometimes
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pennant" baseAuthorityYear="1769" box="[531,635,1514,1537]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sutorius">
|
||
<emphasis box="[531,635,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. sutorius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and species usually associated with dense lowland humid evergreen scrub, including Striped Tit Babbler
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Horsfield" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[406,594,1572,1596]" genus="Macronous" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species" species="gularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[406,594,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Macronous gularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Yellow-bellied
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1821" box="[91,156,1601,1625]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Prinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Prinia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", Plain" authorityName="Plain" box="[164,425,1601,1626]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Prinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="flaviventris">
|
||
<emphasis box="[164,356,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prinia flaviventris</emphasis>
|
||
, Plain
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Horsfield" authorityYear="1821" box="[433,498,1601,1625]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Prinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Prinia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", Olivebacked Sunbird" authorityName="Olivebacked Sunbird" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Prinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inornata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[506,672,1602,1625]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prinia inornata</emphasis>
|
||
, Olivebacked Sunbird
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[248,423,1631,1655]" class="Aves" family="Nectariniidae" genus="Cinnyris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jugularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[248,423,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cinnyris jugularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[467,601,1631,1655]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[467,601,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. From October to April, Palearctic migrants (e.g. Dusky Warbler
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1842" class="Aves" family="Phylloscopidae" genus="Phylloscopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Phylloscopus fuscatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Siberian Rubythroat
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[436,601,1690,1714]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Luscinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="calliope">
|
||
<emphasis box="[436,601,1690,1714]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Luscinia calliope</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are abundant in this habitat. In locations where it occurs,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[550,692,1719,1743]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[550,692,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
oOEen appears to be one of the most abundant bird species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[91,753,1803,2124]" box="[91,226,1803,1830]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[91,226,1803,1830]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[91,226,1803,1830]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Behaviour</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[91,753,1803,2124]" lastBlockId="7.[790,1452,193,921]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Owing to the structural characteristics of its habitat,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[614,752,1836,1860]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[614,752,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is rarely seen without the aid of playback of vocalisations, and thus data on ‘normal’ behaviour are few. Almost all encounters have been with what appear to be adult male–female pairs, or adult malefemale pairs with one subadult. Prior to moult, immature birds were seen singly, in male–female pairs of exclusively immature birds or in male–female pairs consisting of one immature and one adult bird. Birds usually stay within dense vegetation, where they glean and sally-glean from live and dead leaves of multi-stemmed bushes and occasionally vines, from ground-level to canopy.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[632,897,193,2124]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[632,897,193,2124]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Orthotomus chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been observed foraging in trees. When vegetation is flooded, birds typically forage below the crown of the bush, on hanging branches just above the water. One individual that was lured out of dense scrub with the aid of playback foraged on long grass-stems, gleaning leaves of a vine that was growing amongst the grass. Individuals have been observed taking the following prey (once each): a small fly Diptera, a small spider Araneae, a small caterpillar Lepidoptera and a small katydid
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Krauss" authorityYear="1902" box="[1226,1367,398,422]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tettigoniidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; all were consumed immediately.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[790,1452,193,921]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">In response to playback, birds that have approached the observer have been seen to sing, usually in a duet, while perched (usually on or near the top of vegetation, including trees; Media Files SOM 1–3) and occasionally in song flight. Singing is sometimes accompanied by rapid downwards tail-wagging. Sometimes, while singing in duet, perched birds droop and shiver their wings. Immature males gave a simpler, less developed song than adults.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[790,1452,193,921]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
During March and April only males responded strongly to playback of vocalisations; females typically did not respond, or did so only briefly. Because this was in stark contrast to behaviour at other times of year it is thought to indicate that females were on the nest. Although there are no data on the timing of breeding of lowland tailorbirds in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1054,1166,809,833]" name="Cambodia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1207,1300,809,833]" name="Thailand" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1308,1451,809,833]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1308,1451,809,833]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pairs with dependent young have been recorded from July to early September (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Round, P. D." box="[906,1034,867,891]" journalOrPublisher="Bangkok: White Lotus Company" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref12885" refString="Round, P. D. (2008) Birds of the Bangkok area. Bangkok: White Lotus Company." title="Birds of the Bangkok area" type="book" year="2008">Round 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).The nest and eggs of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1243,1378,868,892]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1243,1378,868,892]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remain to be described.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[790,1452,952,1918]" box="[790,950,952,979]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[790,950,952,979]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[790,950,952,979]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[790,1452,952,1918]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
The distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1001,1146,985,1009]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1001,1146,985,1009]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is incompletely known. It is apparently constrained by the distribution of seasonally flooded dense scrub within the floodplain of the Tonle Sap, Mekong and Bassac rivers in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[951,1059,1073,1097]" name="Cambodia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1072,1157,1073,1097]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="0.[1153,1224,1443,1464]" captionTargetBox="[137,1123,1440,2108]" captionTargetId="figure@0.[136,1123,1437,2116]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of records of Orthotomus chaktomuk and O. atrogularis within and close to the floodplain of the Mekong,Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764036/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, based on current data it is absent from part of this floodplain. Searches at various locations in apparently suitable habitat in the Tonle Sap floodplain have thus far only found the species in the south-east (see Table SOM 1 for a list of all locations in the floodplain of the Mekong, Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers where searches for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1261,1400,1220,1244]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1261,1400,1220,1244]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been conducted). In the north of the Tonle Sap floodplain (where we have searched for and not found
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1154,1292,1278,1302]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1154,1292,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1312,1451,1278,1302]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1312,1451,1278,1302]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is abundant in habitat that is superficially structurally similar to habitat in the south-east, and it is unclear how far north and west along the lakeshore the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1168,1304,1366,1390]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1168,1304,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
extends. There is no biogeographic reason why
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1126,1269,1396,1420]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1126,1269,1396,1420]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be absent from parts of the Tonle Sap floodplain, and the causes of its absence are unknown;
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[942,1083,1454,1478]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[942,1083,1454,1478]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is scarce or absent at sites where
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was recorded (Table
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1112,1169,1483,1507]" country="Bulgaria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12731" name="Bulgarian Academy of Sciences" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="Herbarium">SOM</collectionCode>
|
||
1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[790,1452,952,1918]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[828,1060,1513,1537]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[828,1060,1513,1537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Orthotomus chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not found in seemingly appropriate small seasonally flooded scrub patches at the northern limit of the Mekong floodplain (
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1009,1165,1570,1595]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="1" value="12.607645">12°36’27.52”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1173,1340,1570,1595]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="1" value="106.02669">106°01’36.06”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) in Kratie province (Table SOM 1, J. A. Eaton verbally 2012). Satellite data indicate that there is little, if any, suitable habitat for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1313,1451,1630,1654]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1313,1451,1630,1654]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Mekong floodplain in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1070,1158,1659,1683]" name="Vietnam" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
and it is currently unrecorded there (although no specific searches have been conducted). As might be expected, we have located only
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Delacour & Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1137,1276,1718,1742]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrogularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1137,1276,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. atrogularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in scrub habitats outside of the Mekong, Tonle Sap and Bassac floodplain (where these records were within
|
||
<quantity box="[1062,1128,1777,1801]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
of superficially suitable habitat for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[825,965,1806,1830]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[825,965,1806,1830]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are mapped on
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1176,1259,1806,1830]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="0.[1153,1224,1443,1464]" captionTargetBox="[137,1123,1440,2108]" captionTargetId="figure@0.[136,1123,1437,2116]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of records of Orthotomus chaktomuk and O. atrogularis within and close to the floodplain of the Mekong,Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764036/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Based on current knowledge of its range, the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[1239,1382,1836,1860]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1239,1382,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
covers less than c.
|
||
<quantity box="[898,1011,1865,1889]" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="km" value="10000.0">10,000 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[1012,1020,1862,1877]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2</superScript>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1032,1116,1865,1889]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="0.[1153,1224,1443,1464]" captionTargetBox="[137,1123,1440,2108]" captionTargetId="figure@0.[136,1123,1437,2116]" captionTargetPageId="0" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of records of Orthotomus chaktomuk and O. atrogularis within and close to the floodplain of the Mekong,Tonle Sap and Bassac rivers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2764036/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||
); it therefore can be considered a restricted-range species (
|
||
<emphasis box="[1037,1088,1895,1918]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Stattersfield, A. J. & Crosby, M. J. & Long, A. J. & Wege, D. C." box="[1094,1329,1894,1918]" journalOrPublisher="Cambridge UK: BirdLife International" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref13131" refString="Stattersfield, A. J., Crosby, M. J., Long, A. J. & Wege, D. C. (1998) Endemic Bird Areas of the world: priorities for biodiversity conservation. Cambridge UK: BirdLife International." title="Endemic Bird Areas of the world: priorities for biodiversity conservation" type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Stattersfield
|
||
<emphasis box="[1221,1270,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[790,1452,1949,2124]" box="[790,966,1949,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[790,966,1949,1976]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="0">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[790,966,1949,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Conservation</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[790,1452,1949,2124]" lastBlockId="8.[136,798,193,1713]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[790,1020,1982,2006]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[790,1020,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Orthotomus chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is restricted in distribution. Suitable habitat is patchy outside of the Tonle Sap floodplain and in the latter its distribution is poorly understood. Trends in loss, degradation and fragmentation of floodplain scrub are poorly documented and subject to considerable local variation (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Packman, C. E. & Gray, T. N. E. & Collar, N. J. & Evans, T. D. & van Zalinge, R. N. & Son Virak & Lovett, A. A. & Dolman, P. M." box="[1229,1442,2099,2124]" journalOrPublisher="Conserv. Biol." pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="245 - 247" part="27" refId="ref12440" refString="Packman, C. E., Gray, T. N. E., Collar, N. J., Evans, T. D., van Zalinge, R. N., Son Virak, Lovett, A. A. & Dolman, P. M. (2013) Rapid loss of Cambodia's grasslands. Conserv. Biol. 27: 245 - 247." title="Rapid loss of Cambodia's grasslands" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Packman
|
||
<emphasis box="[1331,1375,2100,2124]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, most floodplain scrub in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[529,642,193,217]" name="Cambodia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||
occupies land suitable for rice cultivation and could be further threatened by changes in ongoing burning, fuel-wood collection, cattle grazing (all of which potentially have a dual role because they also serve to slow succession) and the spread of the invasive plant
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Mimosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pigra">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mimosa pigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Ironically,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[326,476,340,364]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[326,476,340,364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might now be dependent on human activity to keep suitable scrubby habitat from becoming forest, since other anthropogenic impacts—eradication of wild ungulates, replacement of domestic animals by machines, water flow/level control, and changes in agricultural practices such as fallows and cyclical abandonment—have greatly curtailed processes that maintained the scrub. The species occurs in one protected area, Baray Bengal Florican Conservation Area, although at that site habitat is managed to maximise the area of grassland. It has already been lost from one site (Kraing Check) where birds were netted in 2009: visits in late 2012 found no birds and all suitable habitat had been converted to aquaculture ponds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[136,798,193,1713]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
We believe that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mahood & John & Eames & Oliveros & Moyle & Chamnan & Poole & Sheldon" authorityYear="2013" box="[349,495,692,716]" class="Aves" family="Cisticolidae" genus="Orthotomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chaktomuk">
|
||
<emphasis box="[349,495,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">O. chaktomuk</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be classified as Near Threatened on the
|
||
<collectionCode box="[346,417,721,745]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">IUCN</collectionCode>
|
||
Red List because it approaches the thresholds for Vulnerable under criteria B1a+bi,ii,iii,iv (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN & Cambridge, UK" journalOrPublisher="IUCN Species Survival Commission" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref11699" refString="IUCN (2001) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Gland, Switzerland & Cambridge, UK: IUCN Species Survival Commission." title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. Gland, Switzerland" type="book" year="2001">IUCN 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Its Extent of Occurrence is
|
||
<quantity box="[490,587,779,803]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.385" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="km" value="9385.0">9,385 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[588,596,777,792]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2</superScript>
|
||
and thus below the threshold for Vulnerable (<
|
||
<quantity box="[417,533,809,833]" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="km" value="20000.0">20,000 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[533,541,806,821]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2</superScript>
|
||
; criterion B1). Although most locations where it occurs are small and isolated it has been found in the Tonle Sap floodplain where there is a large area of apparently suitable habitat (although it apparently does not occupy all of it). Because of this, its habitat cannot be considered severely fragmented (subcriterion a). Nonetheless it is inferred to be undergoing a continuing decline (subcriterion b) in (i) extent of occurrence, (ii) area of occupancy, (iii) area, extent and/or quality of habitat, and (iv) number of locations or subpopulations. Its Area of Occupancy has not yet been evaluated owing to uncertainty regarding both the distribution of suitable habitat and its distribution within apparently suitable habitat. Notwithstanding this assessment, if the species is found to be more widely distributed in the Tonle Sap floodplain, then it would warrant downlisting to Least Concern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[136,798,193,1713]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Ongoing habitat loss is likely to be exacerbated by the impacts of hydropower development on the Mekong and its tributaries. Models of the effects of hydropower dams predict changes in the duration and size of the annual flood-pulse that will lead to a reduction in the extent of seasonally flooded habitats (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Arias, M. E. & Cochrane, T. A. & Piman, T. & Kummu, M. & Caruso, B. S. & Killeen, T. J." box="[557,729,1366,1390]" journalOrPublisher="J. Env. Mgmt." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="53 - 66" part="112" refId="ref10937" refString="Arias, M. E., Cochrane, T. A., Piman, T., Kummu, M., Caruso, B. S. & Killeen, T. J. (2012) Quantifying changes in flooding and habitats in the Tonle Sap Lake (Cambodia) caused by water infrastructure development and climate change in the Mekong Basin. J. Env. Mgmt. 112: 53 - 66." title="Quantifying changes in flooding and habitats in the Tonle Sap Lake (Cambodia) caused by water infrastructure development and climate change in the Mekong Basin" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Arias
|
||
<emphasis box="[619,670,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Dam construction will also reduce fish populations (the primary protein source in rural
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[301,414,1425,1449]" name="Cambodia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||
), cause changes in flood regime and lead to water shortages in the floodplain (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Orr, S. & Pittock, J. & Chapagain, A. & Dumaresq, D." box="[564,723,1454,1478]" journalOrPublisher="Glob. Env. Change" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="925 - 932" part="22" refId="ref12389" refString="Orr, S., Pittock, J., Chapagain, A. & Dumaresq, D. (2012) Dams on the Mekong River: lost fish protein and the implications for land and water resources. Glob. Env. Change 22: 925 - 932." title="Dams on the Mekong River: lost fish protein and the implications for land and water resources" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Orr
|
||
<emphasis box="[611,662,1454,1478]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). These changes will probably lead to additional loss of floodplain scrub owing to expansion of agricultural land for rice production, fish ponds and grazing land for cattle. Construction has started on one mainstream lower Mekong dam (Xayaburi, in northern Lao PDR) and numerous tributary dams and ‘pre-construction’ works are thought to have begun on another (Don Sahong) in the far south of Lao PDR (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="International Rivers" box="[275,545,1659,1683]" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" publicationUrl="http://www.internationalrivers.org" refId="ref11575" refString="International Rivers (2012) Laos begins work on a second Mekong river dam. Available at: http: // www. internationalrivers. org." title="Laos begins work on a second Mekong river dam" type="url" year="2012">International Rivers 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); nine more mainstream dams are planned (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mekong River Commission" box="[326,666,1689,1713]" journalOrPublisher="Phnom Penh and Vientiane: Mekong River Commission" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref12069" refString="Mekong River Commission (2011) Planning atlas of the lower Mekong River basin. Phnom Penh and Vientiane: Mekong River Commission." title="Planning atlas of the lower Mekong River basin" type="book" year="2011">Mekong River Commission 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |