212 lines
28 KiB
XML
212 lines
28 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="73B3AE05762A0509B5EBA3FA2C71A569">Nomenclatural changes on some Mediterranean Aphaenogaster Mayr, 1853 taxa (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C80D782628B5542F71158812C31ABFF9">Schifani, Enrico</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="109A50ED6EB7CBB5EF1454CFD6674B6B">Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0684 - 6229</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8D077C86D0BAE0A9CD5FEF04F8EB86AF">Alicata, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="29FD01D7444DCE31160A32E11DF3D97F">Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (DBGES), University of Catania, Via Androne 81, 95124 Catania,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="893F31BDD3081454249A442232ABC136">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E4284670C29120F17C9733956E50A393">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03DC87A41577417D3881A8B5FA30F9BF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7891713" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209579721" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7891713" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC87A41577417D3881A8B5FA30F9BF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87A41577417D3881A8B5FA30F9BF" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
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<subSubSection id="C36F65391577417D3881A8B5FBDDFD22" box="[151,763,690,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCA36B21577417D3881A8B5FBDDFD22" blockId="9.[151,763,690,717]" box="[151,763,690,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
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<heading id="D08281DE1577417D3881A8B5FBDDFD22" bold="true" box="[151,763,690,717]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D3881A8B5FBDDFD22" authority="Andre, 1883" authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,763,690,717]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneosplendida">
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3881A8B5FBDDFD22" bold="true" box="[151,763,690,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3881A8B5FB7CFD23" bold="true" box="[151,602,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Aphaenogaster subterraneosplendida</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3A77A8B5FBDDFD22" author="Andre, E." box="[609,763,690,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="345 - 404" refId="ref7978" refString="Andre, E. (1883) Les fourmis. In: Andre, E., Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe et d'Algerie. Tome Deuxieme. Edmond Andre, Beaune, pp. 345 - 404." type="book chapter" year="1883">André, 1883</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36F65391577417D3881A8FCFA4CFA97" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BCA36B21577417D3881A8FCFB83FCFB" blockId="9.[151,677,763,789]" box="[151,677,763,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3881A8FCF981FCFB" bold="true" box="[151,167,763,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">=</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D38B8A8FCFB11FCFB" ID-CoL="F9WX" authority="Emery, 1908" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1908" box="[174,567,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicula">
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D38B8A8FCF887FCFB" box="[174,417,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Aphaenogaster sicula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D39BEA8FCFB11FCFB" author="Emery, C." box="[424,567,763,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="305 - 338" refId="ref8545" refString="Emery, C. (1908) Beitrage zur Monographie der Formiciden des palaarktischen Faunengebietes. (Hym.) (Fortsetzung.) III. Die mit Aphaenogaster verwandte Gattungengruppe. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 3, 305 - 338. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019080302" type="journal article" year="1908">Emery, 1908</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3A28A8FCFB83FCFB" bold="true" box="[574,677,763,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23257DB1577417D3A28A8FCFB83FCFB" box="[574,677,763,789]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">syn. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCA36B21577417D3881A944FA4CFA97" blockId="9.[151,1437,835,1617]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
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What follows is based on a taxonomic change that appeared on AntCat in 2022 as ‘unpublished’ that declared
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D3D92A944F855FC6F" ID-CoL="F9WX" authority="Emery, 1908" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicula">
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3D92A944F9FCFC6F" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">A. sicula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D38F5A960F855FC6F" author="Emery, C." box="[227,371,871,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="305 - 338" refId="ref8545" refString="Emery, C. (1908) Beitrage zur Monographie der Formiciden des palaarktischen Faunengebietes. (Hym.) (Fortsetzung.) III. Die mit Aphaenogaster verwandte Gattungengruppe. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 3, 305 - 338. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019080302" type="journal article" year="1908">Emery, 1908</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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to be a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D3ABBA960FC22FC6F" authority="Andre, 1883" authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1883" box="[685,1284,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneosplendida">
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3ABBA960FAE4FC6F" box="[685,962,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">A. subterraneosplendida</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3BDDA960FD7EFC6F" author="Andre, E." box="[971,1112,871,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="345 - 404" refId="ref7978" refString="Andre, E. (1883) Les fourmis. In: Andre, E., Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe et d'Algerie. Tome Deuxieme. Edmond Andre, Beaune, pp. 345 - 404." type="book chapter" year="1883">André, 1883</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3C7EA960FDDAFC6F" author="Bolton, B." box="[1128,1276,871,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" refId="ref8131" refString="Bolton, B. (2022) An online catalog of the ants of the world. Available from https: // antcat. org." type="url" year="2022">Bolton 2022</bibRefCitation>
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)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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. The purpose of this section is to formalize this change in a taxonomic paper as suggested by Bolton (pers. comm.) and discuss it.
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D38AEA9A8F889FC27" ID-CoL="F9WX" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1908" box="[184,431,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicula">
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D38AEA9A8F889FC27" box="[184,431,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Aphaenogaster sicula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a recently redescribed member of the
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3B85A9A8FAF8FC26" box="[915,990,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">crocea</emphasis>
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group endemic to Sicily and Calabria (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3889A9D4F89BFC03" author="Alicata, A. & Schifani, E." box="[159,445,979,1005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref7910" refString="Alicata, A. & Schifani, E. (2019) Three endemic Aphaenogaster from the Siculo-Maltese archipelago and the Italian Peninsula: part of a hitherto unrecognized species group from the Maghreb? (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 59, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / aemnp- 2019 - 0001" type="journal article" year="2019">Alicata & Schifani 2019</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D39DAA9D4FB90FC03" author="Schifani, E. & Alicata, A. & Menchetti, M. & Borowiec, L. & Fisher, B. L. & Karaman, K. & Kiran, C. & Oueslati, W. & Salata, S. & Blatrix, R." box="[460,694,979,1005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="627 - 648" refId="ref9100" refString="Schifani, E., Alicata, A., Menchetti, M., Borowiec, L., Fisher, B. L., Karaman, K., Kiran, C., Oueslati, W., Salata, S. & Blatrix, R. (2022) Revisiting the morphological species groups of West-Palearctic Aphaenogaster ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from a phylogenetic perspective: toward an evolutionary classification. Arhtropod Systematics and Phylogeny, 80, 627 - 648. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / asp. 80. e 84428" type="journal article" year="2022">
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Schifani
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3A22A9D4FB49FC03" box="[564,623,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
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2022
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</bibRefCitation>
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). It was described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3BA1A9D4FD70FC03" author="Emery, C." box="[951,1110,979,1005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="305 - 338" refId="ref8545" refString="Emery, C. (1908) Beitrage zur Monographie der Formiciden des palaarktischen Faunengebietes. (Hym.) (Fortsetzung.) III. Die mit Aphaenogaster verwandte Gattungengruppe. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 3, 305 - 338. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019080302" type="journal article" year="1908">Emery (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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to replace the quadrinomial “
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D38B2A9F0FA10FBFF" box="[164,822,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D38B2A9F0FB09FBFF" authority="Emery & Forel (1879)" box="[164,559,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="subterranea" subSpecies="striola">Aphaenogaster subterranea striola</taxonomicName>
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subterraneo-splendida
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</emphasis>
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” previously published by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3C73A9F0FC40FBFF" author="Emery, C. & Forel, A." box="[1125,1382,1015,1041]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="441 - 481" refId="ref8398" refString="Emery, C. & Forel, A. (1879) Catalogue des Formicides d'Europe. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 5, 441 - 481." type="journal article" year="1879">Emery & Forel (1879)</bibRefCitation>
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as a
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3881AE1CF812FBDB" box="[151,308,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">nomen nudum</emphasis>
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and with the geographic origin (Palermo, Sicily) as the only information. This first name was a puzzle of the actual
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3930AE38FB26FBB7" box="[294,512,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D3930AE38F8A7FBB7" ID-CoL="67KMZ" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[294,385,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbosa">gibbosa</taxonomicName>
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, splendida,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D3A23AE38FB9AFBB7" ID-CoL="F9X9" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[565,700,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3A23AE38FB9AFBB7" box="[565,700,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">subterranea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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groups. This mixing testifies to the difficulties encountered at that time in classifying
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<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D397CAE64FB4CFB93" ID-CoL="Y85" authority="Mayr, 1853" box="[362,618,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D397CAE64FB32FB93" box="[362,532,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Aphaenogaster</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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as well as the fact that the
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<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3B86AE64FAFDFB92" box="[912,987,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">crocea</emphasis>
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group was still unrecognized (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3D38AE64F811FB4F" author="Alicata, A. & Schifani, E." pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref7910" refString="Alicata, A. & Schifani, E. (2019) Three endemic Aphaenogaster from the Siculo-Maltese archipelago and the Italian Peninsula: part of a hitherto unrecognized species group from the Maghreb? (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 59, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / aemnp- 2019 - 0001" type="journal article" year="2019">Alicata & Schifani 2019</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3955AE80FB02FB4F" author="Schifani, E. & Alicata, A. & Menchetti, M. & Borowiec, L. & Fisher, B. L. & Karaman, K. & Kiran, C. & Oueslati, W. & Salata, S. & Blatrix, R." box="[323,548,1159,1185]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="627 - 648" refId="ref9100" refString="Schifani, E., Alicata, A., Menchetti, M., Borowiec, L., Fisher, B. L., Karaman, K., Kiran, C., Oueslati, W., Salata, S. & Blatrix, R. (2022) Revisiting the morphological species groups of West-Palearctic Aphaenogaster ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from a phylogenetic perspective: toward an evolutionary classification. Arhtropod Systematics and Phylogeny, 80, 627 - 648. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / asp. 80. e 84428" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Schifani
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D39B1AE80F8C6FB4F" box="[423,480,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3B06AE80FA88FB4F" author="Emery, C." box="[784,942,1159,1185]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="305 - 338" refId="ref8545" refString="Emery, C. (1908) Beitrage zur Monographie der Formiciden des palaarktischen Faunengebietes. (Hym.) (Fortsetzung.) III. Die mit Aphaenogaster verwandte Gattungengruppe. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 3, 305 - 338. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019080302" type="journal article" year="1908">Emery (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, almost three decades later, aimed to clarify the identity of this taxon but was based on the wrong assumption that the previous name had remained a
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3D44AEACF9C5FB07" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">nomen nudum</emphasis>
|
||
. Instead,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3958AEC8F8C1FB07" author="Andre, E." box="[334,487,1231,1257]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="345 - 404" refId="ref7978" refString="Andre, E. (1883) Les fourmis. In: Andre, E., Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe et d'Algerie. Tome Deuxieme. Edmond Andre, Beaune, pp. 345 - 404." type="book chapter" year="1883">André (1883)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in a key containing several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D3B32AEC8FD0FFB07" ID-CoL="Y85" authority="Mayr, 1853" box="[804,1065,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3B32AEC8FAE8FB07" box="[804,974,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Aphaenogaster</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, treated also “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D3CD0AEC8FC4AFB07" ID-CoL="F9X9" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1222,1388,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3CD0AEC8FC4AFB07" box="[1222,1388,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">A. subterranea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3881AEF4F8B3FAE3" box="[151,405,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">subterraneo-splendida</emphasis>
|
||
Emery & Forel” and made a very brief description of its morphology based on specimens from Sicily and from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36276221577417D3986AF10F8D3FADF" box="[400,501,1303,1329]" name="Lebanon" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which represents a valid description. Thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D3BE7AF10FCBAFADF" authority="Andre, 1883" authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1883" box="[1009,1436,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneosplendida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3BE7AF10FC20FADF" box="[1009,1286,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">A. subterraneosplendida</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3D19AF10FCBAFADF" author="Andre, E." box="[1295,1436,1303,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="345 - 404" refId="ref7978" refString="Andre, E. (1883) Les fourmis. In: Andre, E., Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe et d'Algerie. Tome Deuxieme. Edmond Andre, Beaune, pp. 345 - 404." type="book chapter" year="1883">André, 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has priority over
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D394FAF3CF89AFABB" ID-CoL="F9WX" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1908" box="[345,444,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D394FAF3CF89AFABB" box="[345,444,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">A. sicula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Treating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D3A39AF3CFA65FABB" authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1883" box="[559,835,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneosplendida">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3A39AF3CFA65FABB" box="[559,835,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">A. subterraneosplendida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D3C0DAF3CFCA4FABB" ID-CoL="F9X9" authority="(Latreille, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1051,1410,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3C0DAF3CFDE4FABB" box="[1051,1218,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">A. subterranea</emphasis>
|
||
(Latreille, 1798)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is clearly incorrect (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D394AAF58FB54FA97" author="Alicata, A. & Schifani, E." box="[348,626,1375,1401]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref7910" refString="Alicata, A. & Schifani, E. (2019) Three endemic Aphaenogaster from the Siculo-Maltese archipelago and the Italian Peninsula: part of a hitherto unrecognized species group from the Maghreb? (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 59, 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / aemnp- 2019 - 0001" type="journal article" year="2019">Alicata & Schifani 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3A68AF58FA78FA97" author="Schifani, E. & Alicata, A. & Menchetti, M. & Borowiec, L. & Fisher, B. L. & Karaman, K. & Kiran, C. & Oueslati, W. & Salata, S. & Blatrix, R." box="[638,862,1375,1401]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="627 - 648" refId="ref9100" refString="Schifani, E., Alicata, A., Menchetti, M., Borowiec, L., Fisher, B. L., Karaman, K., Kiran, C., Oueslati, W., Salata, S. & Blatrix, R. (2022) Revisiting the morphological species groups of West-Palearctic Aphaenogaster ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from a phylogenetic perspective: toward an evolutionary classification. Arhtropod Systematics and Phylogeny, 80, 627 - 648. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / asp. 80. e 84428" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Schifani
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3AF4AF58FA3CFA97" box="[738,794,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36F65391577417D38D1AF84FA30F9BF" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCA36B21577417D38D1AF84FA30F9BF" blockId="9.[151,1437,835,1617]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">
|
||
Thus, the Lebanese specimens that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3A46AF84FBC1FA73" author="Andre, E." box="[592,743,1411,1437]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="345 - 404" refId="ref7978" refString="Andre, E. (1883) Les fourmis. In: Andre, E., Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe et d'Algerie. Tome Deuxieme. Edmond Andre, Beaune, pp. 345 - 404." type="book chapter" year="1883">André (1883)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned certainly are not conspecific with the Sicilian ones and perhaps represented what
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D39E7AFA0FBA9FA2F" author="Emery, C." box="[497,655,1447,1473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="305 - 338" refId="ref8545" refString="Emery, C. (1908) Beitrage zur Monographie der Formiciden des palaarktischen Faunengebietes. (Hym.) (Fortsetzung.) III. Die mit Aphaenogaster verwandte Gattungengruppe. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 3, 305 - 338. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019080302" type="journal article" year="1908">Emery (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
eventually described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C754D311577417D3BBFAFA0FC3CFA2F" authority="Emery, 1908" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1908" box="[937,1306,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphaenogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="gibbosa" subSpecies="syriaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3BBFAFA0FD5BFA2E" box="[937,1149,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">A. gibbosa syriaca</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3C90AFA0FC3CFA2F" author="Emery, C." box="[1158,1306,1447,1473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="305 - 338" refId="ref8545" refString="Emery, C. (1908) Beitrage zur Monographie der Formiciden des palaarktischen Faunengebietes. (Hym.) (Fortsetzung.) III. Die mit Aphaenogaster verwandte Gattungengruppe. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, 3, 305 - 338. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 48019080302" type="journal article" year="1908">Emery, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. André and Emery, at least for some years, had a close collaboration and exchanged Sicilian samples on different occasions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D3889AFE8F8A2F9E7" author="Schifani, E. & Scupola, A. & Alicata, A." box="[159,388,1519,1545]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="105 - 116" refId="ref9042" refString="Schifani, E., Scupola, A. & Alicata, A. (2020) Morphology, ecology and biogeography of Myrmecina sicula Andre, 1882, rediscovered after 140 years (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Biogeographia, 35, 105 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.21426 / B 635048444" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Schifani
|
||
<emphasis id="B901EAA01577417D3910AFE8F819F9E7" box="[262,319,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="68">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This obligate synonymization that follows the ICZN code unfortunately retroactively strips Emery of the paternity of a taxon he first discovered and later described in detail, even though there is no evidence that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B431577417D38D1AC30F878F9BF" author="Andre, E." box="[199,350,1591,1617]" pageId="9" pageNumber="68" pagination="345 - 404" refId="ref7978" refString="Andre, E. (1883) Les fourmis. In: Andre, E., Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe et d'Algerie. Tome Deuxieme. Edmond Andre, Beaune, pp. 345 - 404." type="book chapter" year="1883">André (1883)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
intended to make a formal description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |