treatments-xml/data/AF/ED/52/AFED52AB707182D50A2DC39C1D916D73.xml
2024-06-21 12:47:55 +02:00

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<mods:title id="8D51059E2703884518FF67E5BDAE88C9">The ant genus Pseudaphomomyrmex Wheeler, 1920 a junior synonym of Tapinoma Foerster, 1850.</mods:title>
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<treatment id="AFED52AB707182D50A2DC39C1D916D73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6251268" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100081679" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6251268" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AFED52AB707182D50A2DC39C1D916D73" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AFED52AB707182D50A2DC39C1D916D73" lastPageNumber="66" pageNumber="65">
<subSubSection id="3A420D6F0393D67D5EED9EAFEC3383E9" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F9681C42F883278EB8572AA28451B06F" pageNumber="65">
Within the
<taxonomicName id="52D006203F51ABC47E45843ACAD14E3A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2250" lsidName-HNS="Dolichoderinae Forel" pageNumber="65" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">Dolichoderinae</taxonomicName>
two genera,
<taxonomicName id="22A14349F9938FC9835DB4E8782B1898" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2484" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinoma</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="90805F5E92CA769C2613367E05DD9825" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2485" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Technomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Technomyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Technomyrmex</taxonomicName>
, are isolated in their female castes by the synapomorphic extreme reduction of the petiole and its accommodation in a longitudinal groove or impression in the ventral surface of the first gastral tergite, which overhangs and conceals the petiole in dorsal view when the mesosoma and gaster are aligned. The petiole is so reduced in these two genera that in profile there is no trace of a node or scale; at most there is a very short raised surface immediately behind the peduncle. The function of this raised surface is to provide an insertion-site for the exterior levator muscle of the petiole.
<taxonomicName id="17FF191739B3CC138CC913CF9553C3EC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2410" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudaphomomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pseudaphomomyrmex Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudaphomomyrmex</taxonomicName>
exhibits these structures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD4B9C023B01FEA69E4D6F8D136A95B" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="8715632F93CDE5C7617B457023E6BBA4" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2485" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Technomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Technomyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Technomyrmex</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="58112B7C891C779799BB7219A17A9F88" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2484" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinoma</taxonomicName>
are separated in the female castes by the contrasting morphologies of their gastral apices. In
<taxonomicName id="A478DDA7F68FA70A690DACABA7B8C6CE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2485" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Technomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Technomyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Technomyrmex</taxonomicName>
the sclerites of the gastral apex are unspecialised, except that the pygidium is small. Gastral tergite 5 is therefore in line with tergites 1 - 4 and as a result all five tergites are visible in dorsal view. In contrast the pygidium in
<taxonomicName id="9FC46016ED5FEF3C1B036F8EBD1D0C54" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2484" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinoma</taxonomicName>
is reflexed, the fifth tergite being folded back and down, below the fourth tergite, and is clearly visible in ventral view. Also in that view the fourth tergite frequently forms a distinct projecting rim above the reflexed fifth. In consequence only gastral tergites 1 - 4 are visible in dorsal view.
<taxonomicName id="ECE401FB62EC97790503AD1177E4C1CC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2410" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudaphomomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pseudaphomomyrmex Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudaphomomyrmex</taxonomicName>
exhibits the latter morphology, which is uniquely characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="842E30A67B2B582D63BB1D087613E019" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2484" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinoma</taxonomicName>
, and thus the former name is relegated to the synonymy of the latter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="369355AB809152EFBA576BCDAF864B53" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A717DEFDF2846EBBAC7F6BA1AB085B68" pageNumber="65">
As a result of the above analysis the taxonomic synopses of genus
<taxonomicName id="D38DB1DE535469448C10A97E5F671A6E" ID-CoL="7SPC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2484" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinoma</taxonomicName>
, and of the two names in the speciesgroup that are affected by the genus-group modifications, are amended as follows.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="859A89C39EB12E7613A2063BC98FE989" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="44F8040791A9471006CF352280AF7D82" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2484" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">TAPINOMA Foerster</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3FE599B2D2C6F6EB13B40E2D15563FD" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FF6D07821C10A76D7D6577EE289C824E" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="0A83E745E5994C781C386131D8533F00" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2484" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinoma Foerster</taxonomicName>
, 1850: 43. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="C04C783B158B0EB8F6639A397D2F46ED" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:144764" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma collina Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collina">Tapinoma collina Foerster</taxonomicName>
, 1850: 43 [junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="93395AC0C2B5D26AE072BFB28FFF1F0C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:144765" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Formica erratica Latreille" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erratica">Formica erratica Latreille</taxonomicName>
, 1798: 44], by monotypy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4053E4B1D0DCE554AADC158EAE0F3D7" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="88CDC36AEC46786665BC423E4B7E575B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147062" class="Insecta" genus="Micromyrma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Micromyrma Dufour" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Micromyrma Dufour</taxonomicName>
, 1857: 60. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="AD7612A027EE1170F50BE6831B50DEE7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:144790" class="Insecta" genus="Micromyrma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Micromyrma pygmaea Dufour" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaea">Micromyrma pygmaea Dufour</taxonomicName>
, 1857: 61, by monotypy. [Synonymy by Mayr, 1863: 455, confirmed by Shattuck, 1992: 146.]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="165B29261211E112C7F7AF6406DAD167" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="AE331C987D5D72BD12BCC6B62CF95759" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147228" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Semonius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Semonius Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Semonius Forel</taxonomicName>
, 1910b: 21. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="0846D67927CC64E220255AC6EF2DDD6F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:144796" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Semonius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Semonius schultzei Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schultzei">Semonius schultzei Forel</taxonomicName>
, 1910b: 21, by monotypy. [Synonymy by Shattuck, 1992: 146.]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FFDE08A952D09B3F15076B94ABE69ACD" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="5E045BB2020AE555BE78AA7EEBDA6BF5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2410" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pseudaphomomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pseudaphomomyrmex Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudaphomomyrmex Wheeler</taxonomicName>
, 1920: 53. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="9E77180189786A03A3CECD46CB5C734B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:143762" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Aphomyrmex emeryi Ashmead" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emeryi">Aphomyrmex emeryi Ashmead</taxonomicName>
, 1905: 111, by original designation.
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CF1CB045434693CD564F580A8B83046" pageNumber="66">Syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3ACA9260CB124EB311F0D626093FE42" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="5425ADB18F7901F515B73AFAA14D2BF5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147294" class="Insecta" genus="Zatapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Zatapinoma Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zatapinoma Wheeler</taxonomicName>
, 1928: 20. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="E32FB99A51773265BDC7CAC71E671C8B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:144747" class="Insecta" genus="Zatapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Zatapinoma annandalei Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annandalei">Zatapinoma annandalei Wheeler</taxonomicName>
, 1928: 20, by original designation. [Synonymy by Shattuck, 1992: 146.]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8140322622BD79B3BBA132B6ACF52361" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="2807E07D76D5DC384EE30E8492060B6C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:18430" class="Insecta" genus="Neoclystopsenella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Neoclystopsenella Kurian" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neoclystopsenella Kurian</taxonomicName>
, 1955: 133. Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="0641131D9B8F4ABE8CD136818C1E7B39" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:46782" class="Insecta" genus="Neoclystopsenella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Neoclystopsenella luffae Kurian" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luffae">Neoclystopsenella luffae Kurian</taxonomicName>
, 1955: 133, by monotypy. [Synonym by Brown, 1988: 337.]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2DD423087599B3E947351B960A7A69B" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0055B7C428195FB4477D8484F674FEF8" pageNumber="66">Comments</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B956FCF25B866C2940EC1C764639D33C" pageNumber="66">
1 At various times in its history
<taxonomicName id="4FA90CDAFA111CCD027A5AB0AA14106C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147062" class="Insecta" genus="Micromyrma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Micromyrma Dufour" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Micromyrma</taxonomicName>
has been regarded as a genus, a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="665F8E8A9D43AD4691C8BDA0551493E5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2484" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinoma</taxonomicName>
and a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="E04096D00AAD321AFE4F6B18FBC2C037" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2484" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinoma</taxonomicName>
. A short synopsis of the authors responsible for these opinions through time is presented in Bolton (2003). The two authors of synonymy given above are emphatically supported here.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B82B2E26C51053D891A9BD3F6B145A4" pageNumber="66">
2 Note that
<taxonomicName id="C3C03CF3BF96B6CA6740295768144F4E" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147257" class="Insecta" genus="Tapinoptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoptera Santschi" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinoptera Santschi</taxonomicName>
(1925: 348), formerly regarded as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="D3373BAB23BBD2D658219F422D5385FA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2484" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinoma</taxonomicName>
(e.g. Shattuck 1992: 146; Bolton 2003: 91) is now known to be a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="9C464D84F0D50D6D886870F1A5A99981" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2485" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Technomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Technomyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Technomyrmex Mayr</taxonomicName>
, 1872, and will be dealt with in a forthcoming taxonomic revision of
<taxonomicName id="F4356103C048A5B57AD6349A96C141E2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2485" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Technomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Technomyrmex Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Technomyrmex</taxonomicName>
by Bolton (in preparation). It has therefore been deleted from the taxonomic synopsis of
<taxonomicName id="D8393AE1CFCB1130EFC704B7B85BE8F7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2484" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tapinoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tapinoma Foerster" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapinoma</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>