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<mods:title id="C800AE9DB4DC8A67D531C30195EF7AB4">New, mainly southern hemisphere, freshwater families of Amphipoda (Crustacea), together with a description of the first freshwater calliopiid, Lutriwita bradburyi gen. nov. et sp. nov.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="571B8DC32FC54E19D05B83E24322FA84">Lowry, J. K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="10150F30BD6EF4617DDBE7084E3DFFA0">Myers, A. A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="26A51F85213A028BBD125DBD56B1F849">School of Biological, Environmental and Earth Sciences, National University of Ireland Cork, Enterprise Centre, Lee Fields, Cork, Ireland. E-mail: bavayia @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="1D1FDA24FFFDFFDBFF12F6FBA14DA3EE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5278929" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5278929" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1D1FDA24FFFDFFDBFF12F6FBA14DA3EE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1D1FDA24FFFDFFDBFF12F6FBA14DA3EE" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
<subSubSection id="DDAC38B9FFFDFFDBFF12F6FBA16DA7D1" box="[151,592,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="95096B32FFFDFFDBFF12F6FBA16DA7D1" blockId="10.[151,592,151,177]" box="[151,592,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="CE41DC5EFFFDFFDBFF12F6FBA16DA7D1" bold="true" box="[151,592,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="52B610B1FFFDFFDBFF12F6FBA16DA7D1" ID-CoL="7NKRB" authority="Karaman, 1993" authorityName="Karaman" authorityYear="1993" box="[151,592,151,177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pseudoniphargidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFF12F6FBA16DA7D1" bold="true" box="[151,592,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
Pseudoniphargidae
<bibRefCitation id="F12716C3FFFDFFDBFE0AF6FBA16DA7D1" author="Karaman, G. S." box="[399,592,151,177]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 337" refId="ref8839" refString="Karaman, G. S. (1993) Crustacea Amphipoda di acqua dolce. Fauna D'Italia, i - x, 1 - 337, Edizione Calderini, Bologna, Italia." type="journal article" year="1993">Karaman, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDAC38B9FFFDFFDBFF12F6B3A284A47E" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="95096B32FFFDFFDBFF12F6B3A192A796" blockId="10.[151,1437,222,1167]" box="[151,687,222,247]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFF12F6B3A219A797" bold="true" box="[151,292,223,247]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
<typeStatus id="4A0DD590FFFDFFDBFF12F6B3A3EFA797" box="[151,210,223,247]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Type</typeStatus>
genus.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="52B610B1FFFDFFDBFEAEF6B2A196A796" ID-CoL="7PWL4" authority="Chevreux, 1901" authorityName="Chevreux" authorityYear="1901" box="[299,683,222,246]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pseudoniphargidae" genus="Pseudoniphargus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFEAEF6B2A2D3A796" box="[299,494,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Pseudoniphargus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F12716C3FFFDFFDBFE70F6B2A196A796" author="Chevreux, E." box="[501,683,222,246]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" pagination="153" refId="ref8266" refString="Chevreux, E. (1901) Amphipodes recueillis par la Melita sur les cotes occidentale et meridionale de la Corse, juillet-aout 1891. Compte Rendu, Association Francaise pour l'Avancement des Sciences, 30, 153." type="journal article" year="1901">Chevreux, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95096B32FFFDFFDBFF40F76FA7D4A67B" blockId="10.[151,1437,222,1167]" box="[197,1257,259,283]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFF40F76FA2B0A67B" bold="true" box="[197,397,259,283]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" reason="1">Included genera.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="52B610B1FFFDFFDBFE11F76FA064A67B" ID-CoL="7PS6S" authority="Notenboom 1988" authorityName="Notenboom" authorityYear="1988" box="[404,857,259,283]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pseudoniphargidae" genus="Parapseudoniphargus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFE11F76FA1B1A67B" box="[404,652,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Parapseudoniphargus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F12716C3FFFDFFDBFD16F76FA064A67B" author="Notenboom, J." box="[659,857,259,283]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" pagination="110 - 121" refId="ref9240" refString="Notenboom, J. (1988) Parapseudoniphargus baetis, new genus, new species, a stygobiont amphipod crustacean from the Guadalquivir River Basin (southern Spain), with phylogenetic implications. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 8, 110 - 121." type="journal article" year="1988">Notenboom 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="52B610B1FFFDFFDBFCE0F76FA7D8A67B" ID-CoL="7PWL4" authority="Chevreux, 1901" authorityName="Chevreux" authorityYear="1901" box="[869,1253,259,283]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pseudoniphargidae" genus="Pseudoniphargus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFCE0F76FA715A67B" box="[869,1064,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Pseudoniphargus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F12716C3FFFDFFDBFBAAF76FA7D8A67B" author="Chevreux, E." box="[1071,1253,259,283]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" pagination="153" refId="ref8266" refString="Chevreux, E. (1901) Amphipodes recueillis par la Melita sur les cotes occidentale et meridionale de la Corse, juillet-aout 1891. Compte Rendu, Association Francaise pour l'Avancement des Sciences, 30, 153." type="journal article" year="1901">Chevreux, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95096B32FFFDFFDBFF40F74BA284A47E" blockId="10.[151,1437,222,1167]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFF40F74BA2E1A620" box="[197,476,295,320]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFF40F74BA2E8A620" bold="true" box="[197,469,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Diagnostic description</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Head eyes absent. Lingueolus absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; accessory flagellum short, or minute.
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFC29F720A6A9A605" bold="true" box="[940,1428,332,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 bulbous</emphasis>
. Mandible incisor dentate. Labium with inner plates.
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFD76F71DA795A6EA" bold="true" box="[755,1192,369,394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Maxilla 1 inner plate setose apically</emphasis>
; palps alike. Maxilla 2 inner plate without oblique setal row. Maxilliped inner plate well developed; outer plate small. Body subcylindrical, or laterally compressed.
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFDE3F7D7A738A6B4" bold="true" box="[614,1029,443,468]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Coxal gills present on coxae 2 to 6</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFB91F7D7A74FA6B3" bold="true" box="[1044,1138,443,467]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">stalked,</emphasis>
with or without proximal suture or stalked.
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFEEDF7B3A16CA698" bold="true" box="[360,593,479,504]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Sternal gills absent</emphasis>
. Gnathopods 1 and 2 not sexually dimorphic.
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFBE9F7B3A160A57D" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Gnathopod 1 smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2; propodus</emphasis>
palm
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFD20F468A2E5A522" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">with multiple row of simple or bifid robust setae along palmar margin (reduced in size)</emphasis>
. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopods 57: pereopod 5 shorter, pereopods 6 and 7 similar length; dactyli with a few subterminal setae. Pereopod 5 coxa shallow, equilobate; basis expanded, or slightly expanded. Urosomites 1 to 3 free, without robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without paired dorsal setae.
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFC3EF4F4A28EA5B5" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Uropod 1 peduncle with 1 or 2 small basofacial robust setae</emphasis>
; without ventromedial spine.
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFC92F4D1A0B1A5B5" bold="true" box="[791,908,700,725]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Uropod 3</emphasis>
biramous; rami sexually dimorphic; without fringing plumose setae; inner ramus minute;
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFD28F48EA72DA59A" bold="true" box="[685,1040,737,762]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">outer ramus article 2 absent</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFBA7F48EA3DDA47F" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Telson notched, emarginate or entire</emphasis>
, with robust setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDAC38B9FFFDFFDBFF40F547A1D4A309" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="95096B32FFFDFFDBFF40F547A1D4A309" blockId="10.[151,1437,222,1167]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFF40F547A204A423" bold="true" box="[197,313,811,835]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F12716C3FFFDFFDBFEC0F547A137A423" author="Holsinger, J. R." box="[325,522,811,835]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" pagination="947 - 959" refId="ref8631" refString="Holsinger, J. R. (1989) Allocrangonyctidae and Pseudocrangonyctidae, two new families of Holarctic subterranean amphipod crustaceans (Gammaridea), with comments on their phylogenetic and zoogeographic relationships. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 102 (4), 947 - 959." type="journal article" year="1989">Holsinger (1989)</bibRefCitation>
did not include
<taxonomicName id="52B610B1FFFDFFDBFD51F547A0AAA423" authorityName="Chevreux" authorityYear="1901" box="[724,919,811,835]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pseudoniphargidae" genus="Pseudoniphargus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFD51F547A0AAA423" box="[724,919,811,835]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Pseudoniphargus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<taxonomicName id="52B610B1FFFDFFDBFC76F547A6A5A423" authority="Holsinger, 1971" authorityName="Holsinger" authorityYear="1971" box="[1011,1432,811,835]" class="Malacostraca" family="Allocrangonyctidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Allocrangonyctidae Holsinger, 1971</taxonomicName>
, although he commented on their many shared apomorphies.
<bibRefCitation id="F12716C3FFFDFFDBFC03F53DA774A408" author="Karaman, G. S." box="[902,1097,848,872]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 337" refId="ref8839" refString="Karaman, G. S. (1993) Crustacea Amphipoda di acqua dolce. Fauna D'Italia, i - x, 1 - 337, Edizione Calderini, Bologna, Italia." type="journal article" year="1993">Karaman (1993)</bibRefCitation>
, apparently unaware of the
<taxonomicName id="52B610B1FFFDFFDBFF1CF519A244A4ED" authorityName="Holsinger" authorityYear="1971" box="[153,377,885,909]" class="Malacostraca" family="Allocrangonyctidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Allocrangonyctidae</taxonomicName>
, included
<taxonomicName id="52B610B1FFFDFFDBFE6AF519A04BA4ED" authority="Schellenberg, 1937" authorityName="Schellenberg" authorityYear="1937" box="[495,886,885,909]" class="Malacostraca" family="Allocrangonyctidae" genus="Allocrangonyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFE6AF519A1A9A4ED" box="[495,660,885,909]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">Allocrangonyx</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F12716C3FFFDFFDBFD18F519A04BA4ED" author="Schellenberg, A." box="[669,886,885,909]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" pagination="31 - 44" refId="ref9444" refString="Schellenberg, A. (1937) Die Amphipodengattungen um Crangonyx, ihre Verbreitung und ihre Arten. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologisches Museum in Berlin, 22, 31 - 44." type="journal article" year="1937">
Schellenberg,
<quantity id="524EC6D7FFFDFFDBFCBBF519A04BA4ED" box="[830,886,885,909]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.91998" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" unit="in" value="1937.0">1937</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<taxonomicName id="52B610B1FFFDFFDBFC4FF519A79FA4ED" authorityName="Karaman" authorityYear="1993" box="[970,1186,885,909]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pseudoniphargidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudoniphargidae</taxonomicName>
. The two families are separated as follows: antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged in allocrangonyctids (enlarged in pseudoniphargids); coxal gill not stalked in allocrangonyctids (stalked in pseudoniphargids); pereopod 5 coxa with large anteroventral lobe in allocrangonyctids (posterodorsal in pseudoniphargids); pereopod 7 with setae along posterior margin of dactylus in allocrangonyctids (few subterminal in pseudoniphargids); urosomite 1 with distoventral robust seta in allocrangonyctids (absent in pseudoniphargids); uropod 3, 2-articulate in allocrangonyctids (1-articulate in pseudoniphargids).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DDAC38B9FFFDFFDBFF40F21AA14DA3EE" box="[197,624,1142,1167]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="95096B32FFFDFFDBFF40F21AA14DA3EE" blockId="10.[151,1437,222,1167]" box="[197,624,1142,1167]" pageId="10" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="A7C2B720FFFDFFDBFF40F21AA263A3EF" bold="true" box="[197,350,1142,1167]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="37" reason="1">Distribution.</emphasis>
Europe; Mediterranean.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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