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<document id="E310282C72FB751D85DF34B43A109FAF" ID-DOI="10.17109/AZH.62.1.59.2016" ID-ISSN="2064-2474" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12625239" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638280055611" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Makranczy, György" docDate="2016" docId="631587C1FFC9FFB47D9730EA46634B19" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaZoolAcadSciH.62.1.59-116.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 62 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.62.1.59.2016" docStyle="DocumentStyle:183DC955716D8EEDE76F04077FE39880.6:ActaZoolAcadSciH.2015-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="183DC955716D8EEDE76F04077FE39880" docStyleName="ActaZoolAcadSciH.2015-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Paraploderus HERMAN 1970" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="9F2CFFB9FFCBFFBC7C0C330042224E56" masterDocTitle="Review Of The Genus Paraploderus Herman, 1970 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae)" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="59" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1719924360456" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:title id="AFE3857DA6D18778D8FB1D924069FBE5">Review Of The Genus Paraploderus Herman, 1970 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="631587C1FFC9FFB47D9730EA46634B19" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:631587C1FFC9FFB47D9730EA46634B19" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/631587C1FFC9FFB47D9730EA46634B19" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<subSubSection id="A3A6655CFFC9FFBE7D9730EA414E4A61" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFC9FFBE7D9730EA410C4A52" blockId="2.[411,814,1002,1028]" box="[411,814,1002,1028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="B04B81BBFFC9FFBE7D9730EA410C4A52" box="[411,814,1002,1028]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" reason="2">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CBAC11F9FFC9FFBE7D9730EA410C4A52" box="[411,814,1002,1028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
<treatmentCitation id="6A1D10C6FFC9FFBE7D9730EA410C4A52" author="HeRmAN, L. H." box="[411,814,1002,1028]" page="400" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" year="1970">
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFC9FFBE7D9730EA410C4A52" ID-CoL="8XNN6" authority="Herman, 1970: 400" authorityName="HERMAN" authorityYear="1970" box="[411,814,1002,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paraploderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFC9FFBE7D9730EA40154A52" box="[411,567,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Paraploderus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8F2D4B26FFC9FFBE7E3230EA410C4A52" author="HeRmAN, L. H." box="[574,814,1002,1028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" pagination="343 - 454" refId="ref18546" refString="HeRmAN, L. H. (1970) Phylogenyandreclassificationofthegeneraoftherove-beetlesubfamilyOxytelinaeoftheWorld (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). BulletinoftheAmerican Museum of Natural History 142 (5): 343 - 454." type="journal article" year="1970">Herman, 1970: 400</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFC9FFBE7C843722414E4A61" blockId="2.[136,876,1058,1080]" box="[136,876,1058,1080]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
Typespecies:
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFC9FFBE7D103722402F4A61" box="[284,525,1058,1079]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Aploderusspeculiventris</emphasis>
Fauvel (byoriginaldesignation).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3A6655CFFC9FFB47CC9375C46634B19" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFC9FFBE7CC9375C41A64BBF" blockId="2.[136,1089,1116,1513]" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">
Diagnosis
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFC9FFBE7D54375C43CE4A20" authorityName="HERMAN" authorityYear="1970" box="[344,492,1116,1142]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paraploderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFC9FFBE7D54375C43CE4A20" box="[344,492,1116,1142]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="61">Paraploderus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
canberecognizedbyitsrathershinyandsparselysetosebodywithweaksclerotization, abdomenandlegssomewhattranslucentbutoftenalsopartsofforebody. Mostspecieshavevaryingdegreeof punctationatleastontheforebody, butpuncturesarewithindefiniteedges, mostlycontributingtobodysurfaceperceivedasuneven. Headisrathershort, broadandtrapezoid, allspecieshavebulgingtemples, evenlycurved, though eye/templeratiovariesasalsowhetherheadisbroadestateyeortemples. Neckisdelimitedbyadistincttransversalgroove (occipitalgroove). Abdomenisfusiform, sterniteIXabsent, abdominaldefensiveglandopenings (in the form of a slot) are in unique position in tergites IX along the sides of tergite X. ThepeculiarformoftergiteXmakestheabdominalapexreminiscentofa horizontalfish-tail (slightlyincisedanddepressedinmiddle).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFC8FFBF7CE733BE431A4C51" blockId="3.[174,1127,190,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Description Smalltomediumsized (1.84.0 mm). Bodyrathershiny andoftenslightlytranslucent. Forebodysparsely, ratherfinelypubescent, mostsetaeshort, onlyfewdarkerandslightlylongerinthefollowingpositions: atinneredgeofsupraantennalprominences, upperanterioredgeof eye, innermarginofeye, dorsalsideoftemplebehindeye, middleofimpressionsonpronotaldisc, pairofsetaeinproximityatandslightlybehindante- riorpronotalcornerandoneslightlybeforeposteriorcorner (oftenashorter onebehindmiddleofside); darkersetaeonouterelytraledgesoshortthat almostinvisibleindorsalview, fromlateralviewmoreapparentforbeing moreerect.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFC8FFBF7CE7310E4645486C" blockId="3.[174,1127,190,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Head. Clypeus (Fig. 1) ratherlarge (longandbroad), rectangular, mostlyshinyandslightlyconvex, delimitedbyadistinct, impressedepistomal suture, lessmarkedonsides; anteriormarginofclypeustruncatewiththin marginalbeadanteriorlyandlaterally. Dorsumofheadusuallywithstrong, butindistinct-borderedandscattered (unevenlydistributed) punctures, rest ofsurfaceshiny. Supraantennalprominenceswelldevelopedbutmoderately elevatedfromplaneofvertex; latterdelimitedfromthembyapairoflongitudinalimpressionsstartingfromoccipitalgrooveandmoreorlessvanishinganteriorly. Compoundeyesvarylessinsizethaninotherrelatedgenera, alwaysbulging, mediumroughlyfacetedonalmostentiresurface, however withashinyrimsurroundingitposteriorlyandformingasteplikeridgebeforetemples. Gularsuturesconfluentanteriorly; suturesnarrowlyseparate atanteriorneck, sharplydivergentfrommiddletoposteriorneck. Genalarea (temples) moresculptured, graduallycondensingpuncturesoftenturntoa ruggedsurfaceonthelateralparts. Baseofheadverystronglyconstrictedto formawelldefinedneck, delimitedbystronglyimpressedoccipitalgroove; latterwithsidepartsturningontouppersurfaceofheadinslightlyanterior direction, middlepartsometimesslightlyseparated. Antennaslightlyincrassateapically, firstthreesegmentsquiteelongate (articles 2 and 3 similarin length, togetherslightlyshorterthanscape), furtherarticleswithbasaldish, sculpturedandunlikerestofbodystronglysetose. Labrum (Fig. 2) divided inlongitudinalmidline, anterioredgerathertruncate, lateralportionsbearing membranouslobeswithmesialmarginfimbriate. Mandible (Fig. 4) denticulate, apexbifurcate, afurther, smallertoothbetweenapexandaknob-like tooth (anteriorlydemarcatedbyincision) atapical 1/3; prosthecaextending frominneredge, almostaslongashalfthelengthofentiremandible, composedofratherlongandslenderprocesses. Maxilla (Fig. 9) withcardosemi- triangular, stipeslikeperfectright-angledtriangle, laciniawithslenderlobe, galealarger, bothwithdensesetationatapex. Maxillarypalpuswithfirstseg- mentverysmallandring- like, secondlargeandapicallyincrassate, thirdeven larger (andalittlelonger), moreoval, aboutaswideatbaseasatapex, fourth almostaslongassecondbutstronglynarrowingtowardsmiddleandapically</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFCFFFB87C8436EC46634848" blockId="4.[136,1089,1516,1596]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCFFFB87C8436EC42C44857" bold="true" box="[136,230,1516,1538]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Figs 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFCFFFB87CE736EC438A4854" authorityName="Makranczy" authorityYear="2016" box="[235,424,1516,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paraploderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wittei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCFFFB87CE736EC438A4854" box="[235,424,1516,1538]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Paraploderus wittei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2FB57BEFFCFFFB87DA136ED43C44854" box="[429,486,1517,1538]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
1 = head capsule, 2 = labrum, 3 = mentum, 4 = mandibles, 5 = prothorax, 6 = scutellum, 7 = median pterothoracic parts. Scales:
<quantity id="2C449B32FFCFFFB87F7F350941ED4848" box="[883,975,1545,1566]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04 mm</quantity>
for Fig. 3,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFCFFFB87D1C35264198486D" blockId="4.[136,1089,1516,1596]" box="[272,954,1574,1596]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
<quantity id="2C449B32FFCFFFB87D1C35264354486D" box="[272,374,1574,1596]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="0.045">0.045 mm</quantity>
for Fig. 2,
<quantity id="2C449B32FFCFFFB87DEA35264062486D" box="[486,576,1574,1596]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
for Figs 4, 6,
<quantity id="2C449B32FFCFFFB87EC135264139486D" box="[717,795,1574,1595]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
for Figs 1, 5, 7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFCEFFB97CA233BE40364FB3" blockId="5.[174,1127,190,1594]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
slender. Inlabium, mentum (Fig. 3) stronglytransversallyrectangular. Hy- popharynx (Fig. 8) withasetofbulboussetaenearapicaledge. Labialpalps three-segmentedsegments 1 and 3 almostofsamelength, segment 1 twiceas thickassegment 3, segment 2 slightlylongerthaneitherofothers, itsthick- nessintermediatebetweenothertwo. Apicalarticlewithgroupofshortsen- sillaeatapex. Plate-likearmatureinhypopharynx introducedinMAKRANCZY (2006) andappliedinrecentworks (
<bibRefCitation id="8F2D4B26FFCEFFB97E7B3288417B4FF7" author="MAKRANCZY, GY" box="[631,857,392,418]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" pagination="77 - 133" refId="ref18692" refString="MAKRANCZY, GY. (2014 a) ReviewofthegenusParosusSharp, 1887 (Coleoptera: Staphylini- dae, Oxytelinae). Revue suisse de Zoologie 121 (1): 77 - 133." type="journal article" year="2014">
MAKRANCZY 2014
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCEFFB97F413288417B4FF7" box="[845,857,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
,
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCEFFB97F6D3287414C4FF7" box="[865,878,391,417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">b</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCEFFB97F79328841A24FF7" box="[885,896,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">c</emphasis>
) notonlyasage- nericcharacterbutonediagnosticforspeciesgroupsinlargergenera fully developed but rather simple.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFCEFFB97CE732EC41934AF1" blockId="5.[174,1127,190,1594]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
Thorax. Pronotum (Fig. 5) widestnearapex, lateralmarginsslightlycon- vergentposteriorly, bothanteriorandposteriorcornersrounded, lateralmar- ginsoftenslightlyconcaveanteriadposteriorcorners. Procoxalfissureabsent, protrochantinconcealed. Postprocoxallobeabsent, prohypomeronbroadand stronglydeflexed. Prosternalprocessascurvedkeelontransverserectangular furcasternum, shortlyextendingbetweenprocoxae. Scutellum (Fig. 6) with basallytransverserhomboidshaped, apicallymorearcuateimpression. Impressionanteriorlyconnectedtoproscutumbyamidlongitudinalinternal ridge (externallyasadarkline, ascratch-likeimpressiononsurface). Mesosternalprocess (Fig. 7) spiniform, metendosterniteslender, furcalarmsdeveloped, anteriorarmsbarelydiscernible. Elytra. Discofelytrawithindistinctly borderedpuncturesarrangedmoreorlessrandomly. Elytralepipleuralridge present, well-markedexceptextremeanterior, slightlyfadingatouterposte- riorcorners. Suturemarkedbyunpunctured, slightlyelevatedmargin. Legs. Tibiaewithmoderatelydevelopedmid-tibialspurs, distincttibialspinesabsentexceptatapex. Tarsomeres 333, basalarticlelongerthansecond, being threeformersegmentsfusedasevidentfromtheirapicalringsofsetaestill observable, apicalarticlelong, slender, slightlycurvedandonlywithacouple ofsetae. Formationoftarsallobeoutofapicalsetaeofsecondtarsomereonly evidentinhindleg; thisventralmodificationcharacteristicofmostoxytelines, butstronglyexpressedonlyinthe
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFCEFFB97E57378C40FC4AF0" box="[603,734,1164,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Carpelimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCEFFB97E57378C40FC4AF0" box="[603,734,1164,1190]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Carpelimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
groupofgenera.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFCEFFB97CE737AE4644486F" blockId="5.[174,1127,190,1594]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Abdomen. Intersegmentalmembranewithoutbrickwallpattern, second sternitefullydeveloped, firststernitecompletelyabsent. Abdomenspindleshaped, somewhatflatteneddorsally, twopairsoflateroscleritespresent. Whenabdomenlightcoloured, hindmarginoftergalfold (basalridge) onter- gitesIIIVIIwithadarkerline. Tergalbasolateralridgespresent, alsodarker marked, nolongitudinalmarksinmidline. Fimbriatehindmarginontergite VIIpresent, sterniteVIIwithoutmodifications. TergiteXsimilarinbothsexes, dorsoventrallyflattened, withmedialdepression, slightapicalemargination formingtwopeculiar lobesatapex; apexfimbriate, butasimilartransversal fimbriatelinerunningparalleltoapexataboutapical 1/4. Secondarysexual differencesslight, confinedtosomewhatdifferentapicalformationofster- nitesVIIIbetweenmalesandfemales. Maleterminalia. TergiteVIIIwithout</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFCDFFBA7C8A36D4461B4816" blockId="6.[134,1087,1492,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCDFFBA7C8A36D442CC4BBF" bold="true" box="[134,238,1492,1514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Figs 812.</emphasis>
89 =
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFCDFFBA7D3E36D443CE4BBC" authorityName="Makranczy" authorityYear="2016" box="[306,492,1492,1514]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paraploderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wittei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCDFFBA7D3E36D443CE4BBC" box="[306,492,1492,1514]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Paraploderus wittei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2FB57BEFFCDFFBA7DFF36D540094BBC" box="[499,555,1493,1514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
8 = labium, 9 = maxilla. 10 =
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFCDFFBA7F5136D5429C4851" authority="(Cameron, 1950)" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Trogophloeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="notabilis">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCDFFBA7F5136D541EB4BBF" box="[861,969,1492,1514]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">P. notabilis</emphasis>
(Cameron, 1950)
</taxonomicName>
male tergites IX and X, ventral view. 11 =
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFCDFFBA7E6736F241804851" authority="(Cameron, 1951)" baseAuthorityName="Cameron" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[619,930,1521,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Trogophloeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigronitens">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCDFFBA7E6736F240D14851" box="[619,755,1522,1543]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">P. nigronitens</emphasis>
(Cameron, 1951)
</taxonomicName>
male tergite IX and X, dorsal view (defensive gland opening magnified 2×). 12 =
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFCDFFBA7F16350E41594875" authorityName="Makranczy" authorityYear="2016" box="[794,891,1550,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paraploderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCDFFBA7F16350E41594875" box="[794,891,1550,1571]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">P. grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2FB57BEFFCDFFBA7F73350E41974875" box="[895,949,1550,1571]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
male sternite IX. Scales:
<quantity id="2C449B32FFCDFFBA7CF5352B43644816" box="[249,326,1579,1600]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
for Fig. 9,
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for Fig. 8,
<quantity id="2C449B32FFCDFFBA7E75352B40F04816" box="[633,722,1579,1600]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
for Fig. 12,
<quantity id="2C449B32FFCDFFBA7F5D352B41BC4816" box="[849,926,1579,1600]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
for Figs 1011.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFCCFFBB7CA233BE41374DCC" blockId="7.[174,1127,190,1527]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
peculiarmodification, apextruncate; TergiteIXpaired, withslenderbutnot tooelongate ventralstruts, platelaterallystronglyfusedtotergiteX (Fig. 11), formingacompactstructure (Fig. 10), defensiveglandopeningslongitudinal, slightlyobliqueintergiteIX, near, butdiscretefromplatefusionline. Ster- niteIXveryweaklydeveloped, entirelylostsetation, desclerotizedandmembranous, absolutelyinconspicuous (itis, however, moreapparent, spindleshaped, slightlyasymmetricanddenselyporousin
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCCFFBB7F3A3287460A4FF7" box="[822,1064,391,417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Paraploderusgrandis</emphasis>
, Fig. 12). Malegenitalia. Aedeagustrilobed, medianlobebulb-like, scleritesand sclerotizedpartsconfinedmostlytoapicalpart: withonepairedblade-like openingprocessesandinbetweenoneunpairedappendage latterreminiscenttoandperhapsprecursorofapicomedialhookin
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFCCFFBB7F58310E42C44C1C" authority="Gravenhorst, 1802" authorityName="Gravenhorst" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oxytelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCCFFBB7F58310E419E4C7E" box="[852,956,526,552]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Oxytelus</emphasis>
Gravenhorst, 1802
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8F2D4B26FFCCFFBB7CFB313043F34C1F" author="MAKRANCZY, GY" box="[247,465,559,586]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" pagination="29 - 119" refId="ref18634" refString="MAKRANCZY, GY. (2006) Systematicsandphylogeneticrelationshipsofthegenerainthe Carpelimusgroup (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae). Annaleshistorico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici 98: 29 - 119." type="journal article" year="2006">MAKRANCZY 2006</bibRefCitation>
, etc.) andmorerecentlydiscoveredwithin
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFCCFFBB7FF1312F434E4C3A" authority="Thomson, 1859" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Anotylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCCFFBB7FF1312F46444C1F" box="[1021,1126,559,585]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Anotylus</emphasis>
Thomson, 1859
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8F2D4B26FFCCFFBB7D713151407B4C3D" author="MAKRANCZY, GY" box="[381,601,593,619]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" pagination="187 - 195" refId="ref18661" refString="MAKRANCZY, GY. (2013) DescriptionofanewAnotylusspeciesfromMadagascarandthe femaleofAnotylusflavipennisfromLaos (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 59 (3): 187 - 195." type="journal article" year="2013">MAKRANCZY 2013</bibRefCitation>
). Apicalpartwithavariouslywide, scle- rotized, reverseU-shapedsclerite (lengthofmedianlobeinkeymeasured fromapexofthissclerite), othersmuchlessconspicuous, moremembranous. Parameresextremelysetoseonmuchoflength (usuallyapical 2/3; uniquetrait inthesubfamily). Sizeofaedeagusvaryingoftendisproportionallytodiffer- encesinbodysize. Femaleterminaliaverysimilartothatofmale, butter- gitesIXmissingelongateventralstrut. Femalegenitalia. Spermathecascle- rotized, receptacledividedintoasmall, slendertubularportionandamore bulkybladder- likepartsometimesconstrictednearmiddle. Nosclerotized spermathecalglandobservable, umbilicusabsent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFCCFFBB7CE730A143EA4AD3" blockId="7.[174,1127,190,1527]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
Diversity Only 6 nameshavebeenproposedforspeciesthatwerelater includedinortransferredto
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFCCFFBB7E1130C340934D8B" authorityName="HERMAN" authorityYear="1970" box="[541,689,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paraploderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCCFFBB7E1130C340934D8B" box="[541,689,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Paraploderus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, twoofthemhavenowfalleninto synonymy; withthecurrentcontributionthecountrisesto 15. Otherspecies may exist but most of them are hard to distinguish due to the rather simple anduniformbodybuiltandgenitaliawithveryfewdiagnostictraits. Itis believedthatthedifferencesbetweenspeciesarerathersubtleandsubjectto considerablevariation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFCCFFBB7CE7378C40144B19" blockId="7.[174,1127,190,1527]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
Distribution Localitiesoftheexaminedmateriallayinforestedareas acrossalmosttheentireAfrotropicalandOrientalregions, althoughrecords areratherscattered; presenceofmaterialindicatesintensivecollectingactivity usingtheappropriatemethodstofind
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFCCFFBB7E9D37F141074B5D" authorityName="HERMAN" authorityYear="1970" box="[657,805,1265,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paraploderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFCCFFBB7E9D37F141074B5D" box="[657,805,1265,1291]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Paraploderus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ratherthanadistribution pattern. Onlyonespeciesisrecognizedtobeboundtohigheraltitudesand havesomewhatreducedwings.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFCCFFBB7CE7365643EB4BA0" blockId="7.[174,1127,190,1527]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Naturalhistory Availableinformationpreservedonspecimenlabels andcollectingeventlistsindicatesthatthesespeciesliveinwet, decaying plantmaterials, primarilyleaflitter. Preferredhabitatsareforested, oftenriv- erbanksorwaterfalls. Mostfrequentlyspecimenswerecollectedbysifting, but many flew to light.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EB0336D7FFC3FFB47CC933BE46634B19" blockId="8.[136,1089,190,1359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
The mature (L
<subScript id="77383492FFC3FFB47D7633D043A04E88" attach="left" box="[378,386,208,222]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">3</subScript>
) larva (of
<taxonomicName id="2CBC4D54FFC3FFB47E0433BE412D4E8E" authorityName="Makranczy" authorityYear="2016" box="[520,783,190,216]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Paraploderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufescens">
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFC3FFB47E0433BE412D4E8E" box="[520,783,190,216]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Paraploderus rufescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) Length (in mm): 4.20 [ew = 0.50] (Fig. 79) and 3.45 [ew = 0.46] (specimen on Figs 105116); the third larvalspecimenisinterpretedasLl
<subScript id="77383492FFC3FFB47E4F321440694F74" attach="both" box="[579,587,276,290]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">2</subScript>
arva, length 2.83 [ew = 0.48] (Fig. 78).
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFC3FFB47C84322342E14F6B" box="[136,195,291,317]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Head</emphasis>
. Headcapsule (Fig. 105) dorso-ventrallyflattened, roundedbutslightly transverse, asinglelargestemmaoneachside, supraantennalprominences transverselyelongate. Stemma (
<figureCitation id="73872A52FFC3FFB47E013266404F4FD7" box="[525,621,358,385]" captionStart="Figs 111116" captionStartId="55.[174,219,1504,1526]" captionTargetBox="[176,1116,190,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-13@55.[174,1118,188,1484]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Figs 111116. Larva (L) of Paraploderus rufescens sp. n. 111 = abdominal segments IXX, 3 112 = maxilla, 113 = mandible, 114 = antenna, 115 = stemma, lateral view, 116 = lateral view of 1st tergite, pleurite and spiracle. Scales: 0.1 mm for Fig. 114, 0.12 mm for Figs 115116," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12625303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12625303/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
) asclearsphericalcalotte, dark (black- ish) pigmentvariouslymovedawayfromthelensinpreservedspecimens (ar- tifactofpreservation). Dorsumofheadwithfrontalsetae (frontaldorsal = fd, frontallateral = fl, frontalmarginal = fm), epicranialsetae (epicranialdorsal = ed, epicraniallateral = el, epicranialmarginal = em) temporal (t) andlateral (l) setaeplustwopairsofposteriorsetae (p). Antenna (
<figureCitation id="73872A52FFC3FFB47F0C310E41424C7E" box="[768,864,526,552]" captionStart="Figs 111116" captionStartId="55.[174,219,1504,1526]" captionTargetBox="[176,1116,190,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-13@55.[174,1118,188,1484]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Figs 111116. Larva (L) of Paraploderus rufescens sp. n. 111 = abdominal segments IXX, 3 112 = maxilla, 113 = mandible, 114 = antenna, 115 = stemma, lateral view, 116 = lateral view of 1st tergite, pleurite and spiracle. Scales: 0.1 mm for Fig. 114, 0.12 mm for Figs 115116," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12625303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12625303/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Fig. 114</figureCitation>
) threesegmented, threesensoryappendages (sa) onpenultimate, solenidia (so) onapical. La- brum (Fig. 108) trapeziform, halfaslongaswide, frontalmarginwithapair ofstout, spine-likesetae. Mandible (
<figureCitation id="73872A52FFC3FFB47E443173408B4CDB" box="[584,681,627,653]" captionStart="Figs 111116" captionStartId="55.[174,219,1504,1526]" captionTargetBox="[176,1116,190,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-13@55.[174,1118,188,1484]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Figs 111116. Larva (L) of Paraploderus rufescens sp. n. 111 = abdominal segments IXX, 3 112 = maxilla, 113 = mandible, 114 = antenna, 115 = stemma, lateral view, 116 = lateral view of 1st tergite, pleurite and spiracle. Scales: 0.1 mm for Fig. 114, 0.12 mm for Figs 115116," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12625303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12625303/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Fig. 113</figureCitation>
) bifid, narrowtriangularshaped butthickatbase, graduallynarrowingtowardsbifurcateapex; amorebasal toothondorsalsideofmandibleobservableinonespecimenonly: eitheran aberrationorpossiblyaremnantofthemolarlobeofmoreprimitivestaphyli- noids. Maxilla (
<figureCitation id="73872A52FFC3FFB47D4531F943894D45" box="[329,427,761,788]" captionStart="Figs 111116" captionStartId="55.[174,219,1504,1526]" captionTargetBox="[176,1116,190,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-13@55.[174,1118,188,1484]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Figs 111116. Larva (L) of Paraploderus rufescens sp. n. 111 = abdominal segments IXX, 3 112 = maxilla, 113 = mandible, 114 = antenna, 115 = stemma, lateral view, 116 = lateral view of 1st tergite, pleurite and spiracle. Scales: 0.1 mm for Fig. 114, 0.12 mm for Figs 115116," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12625303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12625303/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Fig. 112</figureCitation>
) withtriangularcardo, moderatelywidestipes, mala withctenidiumonadoralmarginsomewhatinterruptedinmiddle. Labium (Fig. 109) withmentumsaddle-shaped, prementumquiteelongate, ligula shortandsmall, labialpalpstwosegmented.
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFC3FFB47EB3305E41324D2E" box="[703,784,862,888]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Thorax</emphasis>
. Tergiteswithshortand longsetaearrangedmoreorlessalongtransversallines; prothoraxasinFig. 106, mesothoraxasinFig. 107, metanotumwithsetationidenticaltothatof mesonotum. Pronotaldiscalsetaeinrows (a- e) (terminologyexplainedin StANieC (2003)). Legswithfivearticles. Anteriorleg (Fig. 110) withproximal pairoftibialsetaeuneveninsize (onestout, otherthinandlonger), meso-and metatibiaewithsetaeeveninsizewithinpair. Tarsunguluswithtwosmall setaeinbasalposition, oneoneachside.
<emphasis id="D9C8EAC5FFC3FFB47E70374940CA4A35" box="[636,744,1097,1123]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Abdomen</emphasis>
. SegmentsIVIIIcomposed oftergitesandsternites. Firsttergumwithasmall, island-likesclerite (pleurite) separatedlaterally (
<figureCitation id="73872A52FFC3FFB47DCF378C40084AF1" box="[451,554,1164,1191]" captionStart="Figs 111116" captionStartId="55.[174,219,1504,1526]" captionTargetBox="[176,1116,190,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-13@55.[174,1118,188,1484]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Figs 111116. Larva (L) of Paraploderus rufescens sp. n. 111 = abdominal segments IXX, 3 112 = maxilla, 113 = mandible, 114 = antenna, 115 = stemma, lateral view, 116 = lateral view of 1st tergite, pleurite and spiracle. Scales: 0.1 mm for Fig. 114, 0.12 mm for Figs 115116," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12625303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12625303/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Fig. 116</figureCitation>
), weaklysclerotizedbutmarkedbythree setae, spiraclessituatedbetweenpleuriteandtergite, separatefromboth. Seg- mentsIIVIIIwithspiraclesintergites. AbdominalsegmentsIXandX (
<figureCitation id="73872A52FFC3FFB4781D37CF42914B5D" captionStart="Figs 111116" captionStartId="55.[174,219,1504,1526]" captionTargetBox="[176,1116,190,1470]" captionTargetId="figure-13@55.[174,1118,188,1484]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Figs 111116. Larva (L) of Paraploderus rufescens sp. n. 111 = abdominal segments IXX, 3 112 = maxilla, 113 = mandible, 114 = antenna, 115 = stemma, lateral view, 116 = lateral view of 1st tergite, pleurite and spiracle. Scales: 0.1 mm for Fig. 114, 0.12 mm for Figs 115116," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12625303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12625303/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Fig. 111</figureCitation>
) formingtergosternite (dorsalandventralscleritesfused). Urogomphi onearticled, blackanddistallynarrowed, extendedbeyondsegmentX. Anal lobesnotevertedinexaminedspecimensbutwithoutconspicuousstructures.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>