159 lines
19 KiB
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159 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="39E54AAC1014D1786DA83DA50ED3EFA7" ID-CLB-Dataset="30010" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.761.24214" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f3db375-08bb-453e-b1ff-424f0354452a" ID-PMC="PMC5988806" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-761-1" ID-PubMed="29875597" ID-ZooBank="9165835900AE4319ACBCE9C544599C5B" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-761-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 761" ModsDocTitle="A revision of dragon millipedes I: genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, with the description of eight new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)" checkinTime="1527611678831" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Srisonchai, Ruttapon, Enghoff, Henrik, Likhitrakarn, Natdanai & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2018" docId="F3238A35BDD1A525A2EEEDC333861399" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 761: 1-177" docOrigin="ZooKeys 761" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.761.24214" docTitle="Desmoxytes des Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha 2016" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FF8B4167FFBFFFA3F22FD43BFFCED866" masterDocTitle="A revision of dragon millipedes I: genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, with the description of eight new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)" masterLastPageNumber="177" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1701377357523" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="387B87B6EBED2D30835B125E7C369418" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A7EAB98858EA3DB7C8D9CA69BA68D0B4">
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<mods:title id="E44C48D7EA4358B0108ED8D92E4EC550">A revision of dragon millipedes I: genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, with the description of eight new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="22A37CC6438A621F75E336B88BD82ADE">Srisonchai, Ruttapon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E101E22CC94D61BD652B97FAD4D96276">Enghoff, Henrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="4E665B8497729A599F77FD05F6DB8B64" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="325C4400299E9F920AA2EEAFD4BBF65B">Likhitrakarn, Natdanai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1927A58DDD345EFA742929BFD27E1C14">Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="652978E38A2503F29221C25BF7E5489D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C925C178073E0A7CE5B0620F54318B5C">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B0266F57B0D74DC4829E471773C38953">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C2CA22FF8C549DCD2612EA8BC99FF49F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="962C31BE4A41B098AA9D409D276CB617">761</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="8109EE80977D8BCCA1DDBBEC866C8264">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.761.24214</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="363172349593848912A22510ECEEC0FC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CAD1307C5C5C8B12FEFEF80F6179F023" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.761.24214</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CAD5632AD2057E76D52658CF746F9EE0" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-761-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F3238A35BDD1A525A2EEEDC333861399" ID-GBIF-Taxon="144172419" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F3238A35BDD1A525A2EEEDC333861399" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F3238A35BDD1A525A2EEEDC333861399" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection id="FE73471AC7149B3C75E8C0725CF5231F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="85DBE7860B6DD4025B2A1FF7A5E4BEED" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="EF70BBF9346DE4F907BF8E060A0575AC" ID-CoL="354B3" authority="Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, 2016" authorityName="Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha" authorityYear="2016" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes des" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="des">Desmoxytes des Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, 2016</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 36
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="720400792642A5A58D28D34BCF532B0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5E4D6E085CE74F559F35EE9CE56D3F71" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="EF47AE28A6F95479B9C61FE1F290C5A3" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes des" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="des">Desmoxytes des</taxonomicName>
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Srisonchai, Enghoff & Panha, 2016: 94.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A7D2BC06F235CD0006CB7DE7E3A62A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="FAB469304A793412479C76D1BF282183" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined. Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3D8B2EF51718CA47CCF623750EB58DDB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Male (CUMZ), THAILAND, Chiang Mai Province, Fang District, Doi Angkhang, near Royal Agricultural Station,
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<geoCoordinate id="464934BCCDE8284824149F49CDE5931D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="19.907223">19°54'26"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="0CA75841CF3C1594ABBBE9E65A2455BB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.04056">99°02'26"E</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 1426 m a.s.l., 12 August 2014, leg. N. Likhitrakarn.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7B0B6641692F0C3E62BFCC6FEC08504E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph id="7FFA7408FCF4BE297BD6527B30531DAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E6F10628E14100A211FF26ACC5DD2FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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2 males, 2 females (CUMZ), same data as holotype. 1 male, 2 females (CUMZ), THAILAND, Chiang Mai Province, Chiang Dao District, Wat Tham Krab,
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<geoCoordinate id="F3449A48F2CA9271285C5F82827BA556" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="19.558887">19°33'32"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="F6361163E1E7596BB5C29A0A9D521F01" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="99.06306">99°03'47"E</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 622 m a.s.l., 25 October 2015, leg. C. Sutcharit, R. Srisonchai, T. Seesamut and A. Pholyotha.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="795EDF0AEC4E3149055637A8AE769B26" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="928160CD31F4C6F87BBB5CCB8436C874" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="41EFD3F388A296156F144E5E24547AB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">THAILAND, Chiang Mai Province, Fang District, Doi Angkhang, near Royal Agricultural Station.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1C6DFDA1B4B4CEF0ABCFA0FF5ACA5BAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="B9EE0EF03F748C354DF0B70596D9A1C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D0CCFF88D3C46EE66538BA5D2DC2BDA8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Differs from all other
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<taxonomicName id="CF210D015729675237F60FB1026750F0" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Desmoxytes</taxonomicName>
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species by the combination of the following characters: paraterga knife-like; lateral sulcus (ls) of gonopod shallow; lamina lateralis (ll) separated into two ridges by a deep and wide furrow; process (plm) of lamina medialis long and thin, lamellar, tip dentate or crenate; distal lobe (dlm) of lamina medialis quite long, tip directed ventroanteriad; caudal margin of hypoproct concave or truncate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A482D862EB886024E920745EAC84ACE6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="redescription">
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<paragraph id="4CC020656FB1C8C5FF22D4BD48F054C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Redescription</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B48BA9A0B220F4A9ABDD7046527C32CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(updated from
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<bibRefCitation id="421422F87D0144F4C6E17AC553A7178D" author="Srisonchai, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 113" title="Four colorful new species of dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, from northern Thailand (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4170.1.4" volume="4710" year="2016">Srisonchai et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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). SIZE: Length 26-34 mm (male), 30-34 mm (female); width of midbody metazona ca. 2.5 mm (male), 3.0 mm (female). Width of head <collum <body ring 2 = 3 <4 ≤ 5 <6-16, thereafter body gradually tapering toward telson.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C6E79A897A449532A91002F51024DAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COLOUR: In life with body dark brown; paraterga bright pink; head, metaterga and surface below paraterga dark brown; antenna (except distal part of antennomere 7 and antennomere 8 whitish), leg, sterna and epiproct brown; a few basal podomeres pinkish brown or brown. Colour in alcohol: after two years changed to dark brown or pale brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B3DF95FCA24AC014A97264A74F060F48" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">ANTENNAE: Quite short, reaching to body ring 3 or 4 (male), and 3 (female) when stretched dorsally.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="705F04DBB6520B3E2A1625C044D48CF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COLLUM: With 3 transverse rows of setiferous tubercles, 3+3 anterior, 1+1 posterior setae (posterior setae inconspicuous); paraterga of collum low, elevated at ca. 20°-30°, directed almost caudolaterad, with two inconspicuous setiferous notches on lateral margin.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B73B4703ABC563B5DAAFB6087CDBEF4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">TEGUMENT: Quite dull, but slightly shining; prozona finely shagreened; metaterga and surface below paraterga coarsely microgranulate; collum, paraterga, sterna and epiproct smooth.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F8D3BF1F2552535CAD438BD2A45BFBDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">METATERGA: With 2 transverse rows of setiferous tubercles; metaterga 2-18 with 2+2 anterior and 2+2 posterior tubercles; metatergum 19 with 2+2 anterior and 2+2 posterior setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B787778DC3A33F3C8D89BC480AD246D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">PARATERGA: Directed caudolaterad on body rings 2-16, elevated at ca. 45° (male) 40° (female); directed increasingly caudad on body rings 17, 18 and 19; anterior margin with 2 distinct notches, on lateral margin of body rings 9, 10, 12, 13, 15-18 with tiny denticle near the tip.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="38C038F4211A0AAF0166BBC1D24B19DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">TELSON: Epiproct: tip truncate; lateral setiferous tubercles conspicuous, small; apical tubercles inconspicuous. Hypoproct subtrapeziform; caudal margin quite concave or truncate, with inconspicuous setiferous tubercles.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D123AA9A76F61C92250E1C56119479EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">STERNA: Cross-impressions shallow. Sternal lobe between male coxae 4 swollen, subrectangular, flat when seen in lateral view, tip truncate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DCE375800CD04F7533CD63C1294DF424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">LEGS: Long and slender. Male femora 5 and 6 slightly stout, moderately humped ventrally in middle part.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B537A33ED38E95D60E6C517DCCEC1B81" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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GONOPODS (Fig. 36): Coxa (cx) longer than prefemur. Cannula (ca) slender. Telopodite quite stout. Prefemur (pfe) half to 2/3 as long as femur. Femur (fe) slightly stout. Mesal sulcus (ms) very deep and narrow, lateral sulcus (ls) shallow (= "poorly developed" in
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<bibRefCitation id="33FDB1A7CCA95B5A70452E2C8097DFFC" author="Srisonchai, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 113" title="Four colorful new species of dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, from northern Thailand (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4170.1.4" volume="4710" year="2016">Srisonchai et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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). Postfemur (pof) conspicuous, ventrally narrow. Solenophore (sph) well-developed: lamina lateralis (ll) swollen, laterally with a conspicuous, deep and wide furrow (= sulcus) separating ll into two ridges (inner ridge larger than outer one): lamina medialis (lm) well-developed; process (plm) lamellar, slightly short and thin, base long, tip dentate or crenate, indistinctly separated from distal lobe; distal lobe (dlm) quite long, tip directed ventroanteriad; broad lobe (blm) thick, indentation between broad lobe (blm) and distal lobe (dlm) inconspicuous. Solenomere (sl) quite long, distally twisted.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="967214301EE0EC10C3F0FD3C8CE72826" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph id="D01B1C1AF94E6AAFC89CA9D8A994564D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 36.
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<taxonomicName id="9ECC805FA5E31EE479098814DFF8A229" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes des" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="des">Desmoxytes des</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="368AD714A52F043A1E334F925A24838B" author="Srisonchai, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 113" title="Four colorful new species of dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, from northern Thailand (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4170.1.4" volume="4710" year="2016">Srisonchai et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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(paratype) - right gonopod (modified from
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<bibRefCitation id="22C101A84EB92716F472BC083CE4528D" author="Srisonchai, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 113" title="Four colorful new species of dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, from northern Thailand (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4170.1.4" volume="4710" year="2016">Srisonchai et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
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). A mesal view B submesal view C process (plm) of lamina medialis and distal lobe (dlm) of lamina medialis D lateral view E dorsal view (arrow = indentation) F ventral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1EB1E4A3886E42FA7EA9268E70426335" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="6890C0D1DD031802095F2E9834CB7375" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C90BA1AFF645C3A02F6D504B3F6DBCB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Known only from the type locality and nearby areas. This species seems to be rare because we made intensive surveys again in 2015 and 2016, no further specimens were found. As mentioned by
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<bibRefCitation id="146DE779CEAD1307B2208BC97F26B5A9" author="Srisonchai, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 113" title="Four colorful new species of dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, from northern Thailand (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4170.1.4" volume="4710" year="2016">Srisonchai et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="85EEB1FBBB5C7E94CBF2C1CCE391198F" lsidName="D. des" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="des">D. des</taxonomicName>
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is known only from two localities (Doi Angkhang and Wat Tham Krab), and we consider it to be endemic to Thailand.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1449421AFF1AC5815E346274190253E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="4015CE8E2D020132CCD258822411B817" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C11CD6A7AFC53F298786DC48ED05E3C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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This species exhibits some variation in the gonopods: the tip of process (plm) of lamina lateralis is dentate in some specimens, crenate in others.
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<taxonomicName id="CF3573C1622201765B5D9F07E0CA29DF" class="Diplopoda" family="Paradoxosomatidae" genus="Desmoxytes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmoxytes des" order="Polydesmida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="des">Desmoxytes des</taxonomicName>
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is easy to discriminate from other dragon millipedes by the distinct shape of paraterga and unique gonopod characters.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="951DBD9EE3461B8795B6F5650E31F6EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="coexisting species">
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<paragraph id="76DCE971A00D8108F7B6A164B95E4E00" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coexisting species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7382F3F95C23A587F8C7CDF047FFB656" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None known.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BAA847AEDAEEF0DBDDAEA1AA89DFD05B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Corrections to Srisonchai et al. (2016).
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<bibRefCitation id="C7806FF7CEE14DE6C753357EBCB574EA" author="Srisonchai, R" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="93 - 113" title="Four colorful new species of dragon millipedes, genus Desmoxytes Chamberlin, 1923, from northern Thailand (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)." url="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4170.1.4" volume="4710" year="2016">Srisonchai et al. (2016</bibRefCitation>
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, pp. 99-103) wrote in the description of this species that paraterga (including paraterga of collum) are directed dorsolaterad at ca. 30°. They are in fact directed caudolaterad and are elevated at ca. 45° as stated in the updated redescription above. Moreover, Srisonchai et al. also described the surface of metaterga as finely shagreened, but we now regard it as being coarsely microgranulate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |