224 lines
18 KiB
XML
224 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602" ID-GBIF-Dataset="02595a40-6c7d-4a04-b25b-b2ab87aabd17" ID-PMC="PMC3174442" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-4-5" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953" ID-PubMed="22171179" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576078" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1314-2003-4-5" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 4" ModsDocTitle="New pteridophyte species and combinations from the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia" checkinTime="1555332289038" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lorence, David H., Wagner, Warren L., Wood, Kenneth R. & Smith, Alan R." docDate="2011" docId="DA6E339094E25B5986C8E35B6FA8DEF9" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 4: 5-51" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602" docTitle="Pteris hivaoaensis Lorence & K. R. Wood 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953" masterDocTitle="New pteridophyte species and combinations from the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="5" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1668141299027" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New pteridophyte species and combinations from the Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lorence, David H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wagner, Warren L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wood, Kenneth R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Alan R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>5</mods:start>
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<mods:end>51</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.4.1602</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-4-5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">8556FFB7B7479C4F5D21C54DFFF92953</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576078</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201697" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DA6E339094E25B5986C8E35B6FA8DEF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DA6E339094E25B5986C8E35B6FA8DEF9" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="18">
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6.
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<taxonomicName LSID="DA6E3390-94E2-5B59-86C8-E35B6FA8DEF9" authority="Lorence & K. R. Wood" authorityName="Lorence & K. R. Wood" authorityYear="2011" class="Pteridopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pteris hivaoaensis" order="Filicales" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="species" species="hivaoaensis" status="sp. nov.">Pteris hivaoaensis Lorence & K. R. Wood</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="13" pageNumber="18">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Pteris hivaoaensis Lorence & K. R. Wood. A habit B lower surface of fertile pinna C sterile pinnule, detail of venation D lower surface of fertile pinnule showing sori E rhizome scale. Drawn from the type collection (Wood 4374) and field images." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9904" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Figs 8</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A Polystichum uahukaense, frond (Ua Huka, Wood 10518) B Pteris hivaoaensis (Hiva Oa, Wood 4374) C, D Pteris marquesensis C frond D rhizome and stipe bases (both Hiva Oa, Wood 10871) E Pteris tahuataensis (Tahuata, Wood 10083) F Thelypteris marquesensis, habit, colony on wet rock face (Hiva Oa, Wood 4408)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9912" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">15B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="18" type="latin">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Latin.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Ab aliis Marquesas speciebus laminis 1-pinnatis usque ad 1-pinnato-pinnatifidis, apice cum 6-7 loborum paribus distalibus falcatis, glabris vel glabrescentibus stipitibus differt.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="18" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Marquesas Islands:</emphasis>
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Hiva Oa: Temetiu, windswept ridges and drainages,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-9.816667">9°49'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="139" direction="west" minutes="4" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-139.06667">139°4'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 930 m (3050 ft), 24 August 1995, K. R. Wood 4374(Holotype PTBG-038496!; Isotypes BISH!, P!, PAP!, US!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Lithophytic ferns</emphasis>
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;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">rhizomes</emphasis>
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erect, clumping together, 3-7 cm long,15-22 mm in diameter, clothed in very narrow, golden-brown acicular hairlike scales 1-2 mm long.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Fronds</emphasis>
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erect or arching-pendent, to 30 cm long, clustered at rhizome apex;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">stipes</emphasis>
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ca.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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length of frond, up to 1 mm in diameter medially, atrocastaneous, grooved adaxially, sparsely pustulate-tuberculate, glabrous except for a few linear to linear-lanceolate, falcate scales 2-3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.1-0.5 mm at bases, tan-brown, margins subentire;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">blades</emphasis>
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chartaceous, glabrous, narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 10-16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5-9 cm; proximal 2-3 pinnae consisting of subopposite, subequal pairs, 1-pinnate-pinnatifid for most of length, sessile or stalked up to 2 mm, non-articulate, bearing 2-3 pair of falcate lobes of increasing size proximally with maximum size at basiscopic lobe of lowest pinnae, lobes linear-oblong or linear-triangular 0.3-2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.3-11 mm, apices rounded to acute, crenate to dentate, basal pinnae slightly reduced, blade distally pinnatifid, lanceolate, the apex pinnatifid, with 6-7 pairs of falcate lobes 5-8 mm wide above their bases, dilated basiscopically, margins mostly entire, tapering gradually to acute apices with crenate-dentate margins, single terminal lobe falcate or tapering to narrowly linear crenate margin; margins of sterile pinnae finely dentate with one tooth per vein ending; costae and costules grooved adaxially, rounded abaxially, similar to stipe in color; veins netted with 1-2 rows of areoles.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Sori</emphasis>
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occasionally interrupted at sinuses and absent at apices of segment; indusia tan-brown with entire margins.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Spores</emphasis>
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tan-brown.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/9904" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lorence & K. R. Wood" authorityYear="2011" class="Pteridopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Filicales" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="species" species="hivaoaensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Pteris hivaoaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Lorence & K. R. Wood.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
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habit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">B</emphasis>
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lower surface of fertile pinna
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">C</emphasis>
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sterile pinnule, detail of venation
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">D</emphasis>
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lower surface of fertile pinnule showing sori
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">E</emphasis>
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rhizome scale. Drawn from the type collection (Wood 4374) and field images.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Known only from Hiva Oa, Marquesas Islands.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">
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This rare species is known only from the type location at 930 m on wet stream walls adjacent to wet forest dominated by
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Frodin" authorityYear="1990" baseAuthorityName="Decne." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Cheirodendron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Apiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bastardianum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Cheirodendron bastardianum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="J. R. Forster & G. Forster" authorityYear="1775" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Crossostylis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biflora">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="18">Crossostylis biflora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="19" start="start">,</pageBreakToken>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Metrosideros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="collina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Metrosideros collina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Weinmannia marquesana</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">marquesana</emphasis>
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and other associates including
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Brack" authorityYear="1854" class="Hexapoda" family="Geometridae" genus="Alsophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tahitensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Alsophila tahitensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Cyrtandra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp.,
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<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Freycinetia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Pandanales" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Freycinetia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="P. M. Peterson & Judz" authorityYear="1990" baseAuthorityName="F. Br." class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Poaceae" genus="Leptochloa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Graminales" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="marquisensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Leptochloa marquisensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(F. Br.) P. M. Peterson & Judz.,
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rutaceae" genus="Melicope" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rutales" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Melicope</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp., and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Gentianales" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Psychotria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp., interspersed with a rich pteridophyte understory. The main threats to this habitat are feral pigs and invasives plants including
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Asteraceae" genus="Elephantopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Campanulales" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="mollis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Elephantopus mollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kunth,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guajava">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Psidium guajava</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Myrtiflorae" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="cumini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Syzygium cumini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(L.) Skeels.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="19" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="19">
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Proposed IUCN Red List Category
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Critically Endangered</emphasis>
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(CR): B2a, B2b (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="i–iii">i-iii</normalizedToken>
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), D); B2: total area of occupancy less than 10 km2 (ca. 5 km2). B2a, a single population known; b (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="i–iii">i-iii</normalizedToken>
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), habitat continuing decline inferred; D, population estimated to number fewer than 250 mature individuals. The suitable habitat for
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lorence & K. R. Wood" authorityYear="2011" class="Pteridopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Filicales" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="species" species="hivaoaensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Pteris hivaoaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on Hiva Oa (ca. 315 km2) is indicated as an endangered environment, threatened by human activity (deforestation, fire), feral animals, and invasive plants, reducing the extent of the forest. D, the rarity of this species is supported by the lack of collections and the small extant area within a commonly collected island, i.e. with a single collection.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="19" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="19">This new species is named for its only known island of occurrence.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lorence & K. R. Wood" authorityYear="2011" class="Pteridopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Filicales" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="species" species="hivaoaensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Pteris hivaoaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is quite distinct from the other Marquesan
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<taxonomicName class="Pteridopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Filicales" pageId="14" pageNumber="19" phylum="Polypodiophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="19">Pteris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, differing by its pinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid blades with glabrous or glabrescent stipes and the apex pinnatifid with 6-7 pairs of falcate lobes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |