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<mods:title id="5DE5AE967F143157972D2B23B3C4A0D7">Two new genera and two new species of troglobitic false spider crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Hymenosomatidae) from Indonesia, with notes on Cancrocaeca Ng, 1991</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D770EEAAEC581C57CA7A1E83BC7EB7DB">Naruse, Tohru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EA3C26C7654BE58570282D5ABF368BAE">Ng, Peter K. L.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="9C7287B09946FFAFC195D6CCFC21FB29" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6233820" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119358434" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6233820" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9C7287B09946FFAFC195D6CCFC21FB29" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9C7287B09946FFAFC195D6CCFC21FB29" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<paragraph id="146436A69946FFADC195D6CCFDF1FC57" blockId="1.[151,584,930,991]" box="[151,584,930,956]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<heading id="4F2C81CA9946FFADC195D6CCFDF1FC57" bold="true" box="[151,584,930,956]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259946FFADC195D6CCFDF1FC57" ID-CoL="8W798" authority="Ng, 1991" authorityName="Ng" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,584,930,956]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenomorpha">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC195D6CCFDF1FC57" bold="true" box="[151,584,930,956]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC195D6CCFE6CFC57" bold="true" box="[151,469,930,956]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Cancrocaeca xenomorpha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579946FFADC0DED6CCFDF1FC57" author="Ng" box="[476,584,930,956]" pageId="1" pageNumber="39" refString="Chuang, C. T. N. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (1991) Preliminary descriptions of one new genus and three new species of hymenosomatid crabs from Southeast Asia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 39 (2), 363 - 368." type="journal article" year="1991">Ng, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="146436A69946FFADC195D6ABFEA1FC34" blockId="1.[151,584,930,991]" box="[151,280,965,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
(
<figureCitation id="8CE02A239946FFADC19DD6ABFF48FC34" box="[159,241,965,991]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1767,1791]" captionTargetBox="[168,1373,457,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,431,1746]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cancrocaeca xenomorpha Ng, 1991: a, carapace, dorsal view; b, carapace, frontal view; c, male abdomenpleotelson; d, right G 1, dorsal view; e, distal part of right G 1, ventral view. Male, ZRC 2007.0118, 3.7 × 5.0 mm. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181453/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8CE02A239946FFADC1FDD6ABFEB6FC34" box="[255,271,965,991]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[229,1353,262,1790]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[229,1354,262,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cancrocaeca xenomorpha Ng, 1991: a, thoracic sternum of female; b d, female abdomen-pleotelson, outer surface (b and d) and inner surface (c); e h, second to fifth right pleopods, anterior view. Ovigerous female, ZRC 2007.0118, 4.1 × 5.2 mm. Numbers and “ V ” refer to thoracic sternites and vulvae, respectively. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181454/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CC1652D9946FFADC195D17BFDDFFBA7" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="146436A69946FFADC195D17BFDDFFBA7" blockId="1.[151,1436,1045,1100]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259946FFADC195D17BFE09FBC7" ID-CoL="8W798" box="[151,432,1045,1068]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenomorpha">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC195D17BFE09FBC7" box="[151,432,1045,1068]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Cancrocaeca xenomorpha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="957A10B79946FFADC0DAD17BFDDFFBC7" author="Ng" box="[472,614,1045,1068]" page="59" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579946FFADC0DAD17BFD87FBC7" author="Ng" box="[472,574,1045,1068]" pageId="1" pageNumber="39" refString="Chuang, C. T. N. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (1991) Preliminary descriptions of one new genus and three new species of hymenosomatid crabs from Southeast Asia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 39 (2), 363 - 368." type="journal article" year="1991">Ng, 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 59
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 17;
<treatmentCitation id="957A10B79946FFADC3DED17BFC66FBC7" author="Ng" box="[732,991,1045,1068]" page="17" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579946FFADC3DED17BFC01FBC7" author="Ng" box="[732,952,1045,1068]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Ng, P. K. L. &amp; Chuang, C. T. N. (1996) The Hymenosomatidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) of Southeast Asia, with notes on other species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 3, 1 - 82." type="book chapter" year="1996">Ng &amp; Chuang, 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 17
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 5; Guinot &amp; Richer de
<treatmentCitation id="957A10B79946FFADC408D17BFF4BFBA7" author="Forges" page="456" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579946FFADC408D17BFA21FBC7" author="Forges" box="[1290,1432,1045,1068]" pageId="1" pageNumber="39" refString="Guinot, D. &amp; Richer de Forges, B. (1997) Affinites entre les Hymenosomatidae MacLeay, 1838 et les Inachoididae Dana, 1851 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Zoosystema, 19 (2 / 3), 453 - 502." type="journal article" year="1997">Forges, 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 456
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 9;
<treatmentCitation id="957A10B79946FFADC040D15BFDDBFBA7" author="Deharveng" box="[322,610,1077,1100]" page="36" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579946FFADC040D15BFD83FBA7" author="Deharveng" box="[322,570,1077,1100]" pageId="1" pageNumber="39" refString="Deharveng, L., Guinot, D. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (2002) Focus: false spider cave crab (Cancrocaeca xenomorpha). ASEAN Biodiversity, Manila, 2 (2), 36." type="journal article" year="2002">
Deharveng
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC0BCD15BFE4DFBA7" box="[446,500,1077,1100]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">et al.</emphasis>
, 2002
</bibRefCitation>
: 36
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CC1652D9946FFADC195D113FAE7FA6C" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="146436A69946FFADC195D113FC86FB54" blockId="1.[151,1437,1149,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC195D113FDAFFB7C" bold="true" box="[151,534,1149,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Material examined.
<typeStatus id="CB6088049946FFADC09FD113FDA8FB7C" box="[413,529,1149,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Male, 4.1 ×
<quantity id="D3239B439946FFADC3C0D113FC9DFB7C" box="[706,804,1149,1175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="4.7">4.7 mm</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="72CAAE639946FFADC237D113FCD7FB7C" box="[821,878,1149,1175]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">ZRC</collectionCode>
1990.11971, Lubang Batu Neraka, Kappang, Maros, Sulawesi,
<collectingCountry id="6CCC76369946FFADC06BD1CBFE67FB54" box="[361,478,1189,1215]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, coll. P. Leclerc,
<date id="606510669946FFADC3A4D1CBFC82FB54" box="[678,827,1189,1215]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" value="1990-08-04">4 Aug. 1990</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="146436A69946FFADC1C7D1A3FA3FFAE4" blockId="1.[151,1437,1149,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC1C7D1A3FEF3FB0C" bold="true" box="[197,330,1229,1255]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<typeStatus id="CB6088049946FFADC1C7D1A3FEFDFB0C" box="[197,324,1229,1255]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
One ovigerous female, 5.6 ×
<quantity id="D3239B439946FFADC3A8D1A3FCBEFB0C" box="[682,775,1229,1255]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="72CAAE639946FFADC211D1A3FCF5FB0C" box="[787,844,1229,1255]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">ZRC</collectionCode>
1990.11972, data same as
<typeStatus id="CB6088049946FFADC588D1A3FB4DFB0C" box="[1162,1268,1229,1255]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<specimenCount id="02DDFD2F9946FFADC402D1A3FAEAFB0C" box="[1280,1363,1229,1255]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 3.6 × 4.0 mm,
<collectionCode id="72CAAE639946FFADC1FDD19BFE81FAE4" box="[255,312,1269,1295]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">ZRC</collectionCode>
1990.0484, Gua Tanette, Kappang, Maros, Sulawesi,
<collectingCountry id="6CCC76369946FFADC2B3D19BFB9FFAE4" box="[945,1062,1269,1295]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, coll. P. Leclerc,
<date id="606510669946FFADC5ECD19BFA3BFAE4" box="[1262,1410,1269,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" value="1989-07-18">18 Jul. 1989</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="146436A69946FFADC1C7D073FAE7FA6C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1149,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
Others. Two males, 3.9 × 5.3, 4.0 ×
<quantity id="D3239B439946FFADC383D073FD58FADC" box="[641,737,1309,1335]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="5.3">5.3 mm</quantity>
, 1 ovigerous female, 4.2 ×
<quantity id="D3239B439946FFADC533D073FB29FADC" box="[1073,1168,1309,1335]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="72CAAE639946FFADC59CD073FB67FADC" box="[1182,1246,1309,1335]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">MZB</collectionCode>
Cru 1652, Gua Samanggi, Samanggi, Sulawesi Selatan,
<collectingCountry id="6CCC76369946FFADC371D02BFD51FAB4" box="[627,744,1349,1375]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, coll. L. Deharveng, I. Andayani &amp; A. Bedos,
<date id="606510669946FFADC407D02BFA2EFAB4" box="[1285,1431,1349,1375]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" value="2001-07-31">31 Jul. 2001</date>
;
<specimenCount id="02DDFD2F9946FFADC195D003FF50FA6C" box="[151,233,1389,1415]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 3.7 × 5.0 mm, 1 ovigerous female, 4.1 ×
<quantity id="D3239B439946FFADC3D1D003FC89FA6C" box="[723,816,1389,1415]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="72CAAE639946FFADC23ED003FCCCFA6C" box="[828,885,1389,1415]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">ZRC</collectionCode>
2007.0118, data same as
<collectionCode id="72CAAE639946FFADC5A3D003FB58FA6C" box="[1185,1249,1389,1415]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">MZB</collectionCode>
Cru 1652.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CC1652D9946FFAEC1C7D0FBFBD8FE91" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="146436A69946FFADC1C7D0FBFD56F8FC" blockId="1.[151,1437,1149,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC1C7D0FBFE87FA44" bold="true" box="[197,318,1429,1455]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579946FFADC04AD0FBFE7AFA44" author="Ng" box="[328,451,1429,1455]" pageId="1" pageNumber="39" refString="Chuang, C. T. N. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (1991) Preliminary descriptions of one new genus and three new species of hymenosomatid crabs from Southeast Asia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 39 (2), 363 - 368." type="journal article" year="1991">Ng (1991)</bibRefCitation>
established a monotypic genus
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259946FFADC23DD0FBFC63FA45" box="[831,986,1429,1454]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC23DD0FBFC63FA45" box="[831,986,1429,1454]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Cancrocaeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for one new species,
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259946FFADC5DCD0FBFA2DFA45" box="[1246,1428,1429,1454]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenomorpha">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC5DCD0FBFA2DFA45" box="[1246,1428,1429,1454]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">C. xenomorpha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from Sulawesi. He regarded this species as the most highly adapted troglobitic brachyuran, with complete loss of eyes and coloration. The examination of additional larger specimens (MZB Cru 1652) of
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259946FFADC5DDD08BFA2DFA15" box="[1247,1428,1509,1534]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenomorpha">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC5DDD08BFA2DFA15" box="[1247,1428,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">C. xenomorpha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as well as the
<typeStatus id="CB6088049946FFADC03CD363FEC9F9CC" box="[318,368,1549,1575]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
specimens, reveals that all of these specimens actually have remnants of eyes (
<figureCitation id="8CE02A239946FFADC418D363FAE4F9CC" box="[1306,1373,1549,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1767,1791]" captionTargetBox="[168,1373,457,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,431,1746]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cancrocaeca xenomorpha Ng, 1991: a, carapace, dorsal view; b, carapace, frontal view; c, male abdomenpleotelson; d, right G 1, dorsal view; e, distal part of right G 1, ventral view. Male, ZRC 2007.0118, 3.7 × 5.0 mm. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181453/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
a, b). These vestigial structures are very short, rounded, fused to the carapace and immobile, and there is no trace of a clear peduncle, cornea or pigmentation. In larger individuals, these vestigial eyes are relatively bigger when compared to small individuals, with the tips visible in dorsal view. Even so,
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259946FFADC50FD3EBFB78F975" box="[1037,1217,1669,1694]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenomorpha">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC50FD3EBFB78F975" box="[1037,1217,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">C. xenomorpha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
still possesses one of the most reduced ocular structures known for any brachyuran crab. Only the deep sea hydrothermal vent crabs of the genus
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259946FFADC07CD3BBFBB7F904" authority="Hessler &amp; Martin, 1989" authorityName="Hessler &amp; Martin" authorityYear="1989" box="[382,1038,1749,1775]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Austinograea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC07CD3BBFDA5F905" box="[382,540,1749,1774]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Austinograea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579946FFADC324D3BBFCFFF904" author="Hessler" box="[550,838,1749,1775]" pageId="1" pageNumber="39" refString="Hessler, R. R. &amp; Martin, J. W. (1989) Austinograea williamsi, new genus, new species, a hydrothermal vent crab (Decapoda: Bythograeidae) from the Mariana Back-Arc Basin, Western Pacific. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 9 (4), 645 - 661." type="journal article" year="1989">Hessler &amp; Martin, 1989</bibRefCitation>
(Bythograeidae)
</taxonomicName>
have eyes reduced to almost the same extent (see
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579946FFADC062D393FE4EF8FC" author="Guinot" box="[352,503,1789,1815]" pageId="1" pageNumber="39" refString="Guinot, D. (1990) Austinograea alayseae sp. nov., crabe hydrothermal decouvert dans le bassin de Lau (Biolau 1989) (Crustacea Decapoda Brachyura). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, (4) 11, 1989 (1990), sect. A (4), 879 - 903." type="journal article" year="1990">Guinot 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 892896, figs. 1, 4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="146436A69946FFAEC1C7D24BFBD8FE91" blockId="1.[151,1437,1149,2015]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,378]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259946FFADC1C7D24BFED9F8D5" box="[197,352,1829,1854]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC1C7D24BFED9F8D5" box="[197,352,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Cancrocaeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has other unusual characters. The female abdomen of
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259946FFADC2FED24BFB0DF8D5" box="[1020,1204,1829,1854]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenomorpha">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49946FFADC2FED24BFB0DF8D5" box="[1020,1204,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">C. xenomorpha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is strongly convex externally, forming a prominent dome-shape (
<figureCitation id="8CE02A239946FFADC3B2D223FD4EF88C" box="[688,759,1869,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[229,1353,262,1790]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[229,1354,262,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cancrocaeca xenomorpha Ng, 1991: a, thoracic sternum of female; b d, female abdomen-pleotelson, outer surface (b and d) and inner surface (c); e h, second to fifth right pleopods, anterior view. Ovigerous female, ZRC 2007.0118, 4.1 × 5.2 mm. Numbers and “ V ” refer to thoracic sternites and vulvae, respectively. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181454/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
b, c); the second to fifth segments bear biramous and long setose pleopods, which develop from distal outer angles of the inner surface of second to fifth abdominal segments (
<figureCitation id="8CE02A239946FFADC1ECD2F3FE8FF85C" box="[238,310,1949,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[229,1353,262,1790]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[229,1354,262,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cancrocaeca xenomorpha Ng, 1991: a, thoracic sternum of female; b d, female abdomen-pleotelson, outer surface (b and d) and inner surface (c); e h, second to fifth right pleopods, anterior view. Ovigerous female, ZRC 2007.0118, 4.1 × 5.2 mm. Numbers and “ V ” refer to thoracic sternites and vulvae, respectively. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181454/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
c, eh). The exopods of the third to fifth pleopods lie along lateral margins of the abdomen and cover the margin of the inner surface of the dome-shaped abdomen. There are only a few (ca. 40) relatively large eggs (
<quantity id="D3239B439945FFAEC01DD5F6FE74FF59" box="[287,461,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="5.8999999999999995" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="0.615" valueMax="0.64" valueMin="0.59">0.590.64 mm</quantity>
diameter) (ZRC 2007.0118, 4.1 ×
<quantity id="D3239B439945FFAEC268D5F6FC73FF59" box="[874,970,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
). However, these eggs do not appear to be attached to the pleopods or any other structures, and will freely roll out when the abdomen is opened. The median parts of thoracic sternum are fused and form a relatively flat, undivided structure (
<figureCitation id="8CE02A239945FFAEC5C2D586FABEFEE9" box="[1216,1287,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[229,1353,262,1790]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[229,1354,262,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cancrocaeca xenomorpha Ng, 1991: a, thoracic sternum of female; b d, female abdomen-pleotelson, outer surface (b and d) and inner surface (c); e h, second to fifth right pleopods, anterior view. Ovigerous female, ZRC 2007.0118, 4.1 × 5.2 mm. Numbers and “ V ” refer to thoracic sternites and vulvae, respectively. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181454/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a) composed of a relatively thick cuticle, and no eggs are placed inside the cephalothorax cavity. The vulva of
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259945FFAEC40BD47EFF7AFEBA" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenomorpha">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49945FFAEC40BD47EFF7AFEBA" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">C. xenomorpha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also unusual in being raised, with a large, conical basal mount, and it is placed on along an imaginary line joining bases of P3 on the medial fused plate of the thoracic sternum (
<figureCitation id="8CE02A239945FFAEC2FCD40EFBFCFE91" box="[1022,1093,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[229,1353,262,1790]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[229,1354,262,1818]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cancrocaeca xenomorpha Ng, 1991: a, thoracic sternum of female; b d, female abdomen-pleotelson, outer surface (b and d) and inner surface (c); e h, second to fifth right pleopods, anterior view. Ovigerous female, ZRC 2007.0118, 4.1 × 5.2 mm. Numbers and “ V ” refer to thoracic sternites and vulvae, respectively. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181454/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="40A4662E9945FFAEC195D389FEAFF8AF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181453/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[168,1373,457,1723]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="146436A69945FFAEC195D389FEAFF8AF" blockId="2.[151,1436,1767,1860]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49945FFAEC195D389FEA3F914" bold="true" box="[151,282,1767,1791]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259945FFAEC023D386FD13F915" authority="Ng, 1991" authorityName="Ng" authorityYear="1991" box="[289,682,1767,1791]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenomorpha">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49945FFAEC023D386FD83F914" box="[289,570,1768,1791]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Cancrocaeca xenomorpha</emphasis>
Ng, 1991
</taxonomicName>
: a, carapace, dorsal view; b, carapace, frontal view; c, male abdomenpleotelson; d, right G1, dorsal view; e, distal part of right G1, ventral view. Male, ZRC 2007.0118, 3.7 × 5.0 mm. Scale bars, 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="5CC1652D9945FFAFC1C7D216FC21FB29" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="146436A69945FFAFC1C7D216FD49FD81" blockId="2.[151,1436,1912,2018]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,152,1218]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259945FFAEC1C7D216FED9F87A" ID-CoL="7NVVJ" box="[197,352,1912,1937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49945FFAEC1C7D216FED9F87A" box="[197,352,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Cancrocaeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be most similar to
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259945FFAEC3DBD216FCE4F87A" ID-CoL="7PMTG" box="[729,861,1912,1937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49945FFAEC3DBD216FCE4F87A" box="[729,861,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Limnopilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259945FFAEC29FD216FBFAF87A" ID-CoL="7PL39" box="[925,1091,1912,1937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Hymenicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49945FFAEC29FD216FBFAF87A" box="[925,1091,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Hymenicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the absence of a rostrum (although
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259945FFAEC011D2CEFDCDF851" ID-CoL="8WFFM" authority="Ng, 1995" authorityName="Ng" authorityYear="1995" box="[275,628,1952,1978]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microrhynchus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49945FFAEC011D2CEFE5CF852" box="[275,485,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">L. microrhynchus</emphasis>
(Ng, 1995)
</taxonomicName>
does possess a very short rostrum (see
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579945FFAEC565D2CEFB6CF851" author="Ng" box="[1127,1237,1952,1978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" refString="Chuang, C. T. N. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (1991) Preliminary descriptions of one new genus and three new species of hymenosomatid crabs from Southeast Asia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 39 (2), 363 - 368." type="journal article" year="1991">Ng 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 61, fig. 2A, B;
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579945FFAEC195D2A6FE31F809" author="Chuang" box="[151,392,1992,2018]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" refString="Chuang, C. T. N. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (1991) Preliminary descriptions of one new genus and three new species of hymenosomatid crabs from Southeast Asia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 39 (2), 363 - 368." type="journal article" year="1991">Chuang &amp; Ng 1991</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1a).
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259945FFAEC0FED2A6FD2EF80A" ID-CoL="7NVVJ" box="[508,663,1992,2017]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49945FFAEC0FED2A6FD2EF80A" box="[508,663,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Cancrocaeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also similar to species of
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259945FFAEC2F2D2A6FBDBF80A" ID-CoL="7NP24" box="[1008,1122,1992,2017]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Amarinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49945FFAEC2F2D2A6FBDBF80A" box="[1008,1122,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Amarinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259945FFAFC5F3D2A6FE29FF59" ID-CoL="65YHX" authority="Targioni-Tozzetti, 1877" authorityName="Targioni-Tozzetti" authorityYear="1877" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Amarinus" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49945FFAEC5F3D2A6FAE1F80A" box="[1265,1368,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">A. laevis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579945FFAFC46BD2A6FE3EFF59" author="Targioni-Tozzetti" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="40" refString="Targioni-Tozzetti, A. (1877) Crostacei Brachiuri e Anomuri. In: Zoologia del viaggio intorno al gobo della R. Pirocorvetta Magenta durante gli anni 1865 - 68. Publicazioni del R. Istituto di Studi Superiore Sratici e di Serfezionamento in Firenze 1, i - xxix, 1 - 257, pls. 1 - 12." type="book chapter" year="1877">Targioni-Tozzetti, 1877</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, in having freely articulating male abdominal segments (
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC525D5F6FB2BFF59" author="Ng" box="[1063,1170,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Chuang, C. T. N. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (1991) Preliminary descriptions of one new genus and three new species of hymenosomatid crabs from Southeast Asia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 39 (2), 363 - 368." type="journal article" year="1991">Ng 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 61, figs. 2E, F, 4AC; Guinot &amp; Richer de
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC08DD5AEFD9FFF31" author="Forges" box="[399,550,192,218]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Guinot, D. &amp; Richer de Forges, B. (1997) Affinites entre les Hymenosomatidae MacLeay, 1838 et les Inachoididae Dana, 1851 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Zoosystema, 19 (2 / 3), 453 - 502." type="journal article" year="1997">Forges 1997</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4E) and a stout G1 with a complex distal structure (
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC5D4D5AEFADEFF31" author="Lucas" box="[1238,1383,192,218]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Lucas, J. S. (1980) Spider crabs of the family Hymenosomatidae (Crustacea; Brachyura) with particular reference to Australian species: systematics and biology. Records of the Australian Museum, 33 (4), 148 - 247." type="journal article" year="1980">Lucas 1980</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 10A, D;
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC1FDD586FED2FEE9" author="Ng" box="[255,363,232,258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Chuang, C. T. N. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (1991) Preliminary descriptions of one new genus and three new species of hymenosomatid crabs from Southeast Asia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 39 (2), 363 - 368." type="journal article" year="1991">Ng 1991</bibRefCitation>
: figs. 3B, 6, 7). The G1 of
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC3B2D586FCAFFEEA" ID-CoL="65YHX" box="[688,790,232,257]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Amarinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC3B2D586FCAFFEEA" box="[688,790,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">A. laevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, is not strongly bent medially, is not twisted basally, and does not have a lamellar expansion and long setae on the distal outer margin (present study;
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC454D47EFF6FFEB9" author="Lucas" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Lucas, J. S. (1980) Spider crabs of the family Hymenosomatidae (Crustacea; Brachyura) with particular reference to Australian species: systematics and biology. Records of the Australian Museum, 33 (4), 148 - 247." type="journal article" year="1980">Lucas 1980</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 10), features prominent in species of
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC3D1D456FCD7FEBA" ID-CoL="7NVVJ" box="[723,878,312,337]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC3D1D456FCD7FEBA" box="[723,878,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Cancrocaeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC27DD456FBBAFEBA" ID-CoL="7PMTG" box="[895,1027,312,337]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC27DD456FBBAFEBA" box="[895,1027,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Limnopilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC542D456FB5FFEBA" ID-CoL="7PL39" box="[1088,1254,312,337]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Hymenicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC542D456FB5FFEBA" box="[1088,1254,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Hymenicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(fig. 1d, e; see Ng 1995: fig. 14A, B;
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC0A3D40EFD34FE91" author="Ng" box="[417,653,352,378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Ng, P. K. L. &amp; Chuang, C. T. N. (1996) The Hymenosomatidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) of Southeast Asia, with notes on other species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 3, 1 - 82." type="book chapter" year="1996">Ng &amp; Chuang 1996</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 21H;
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC209D40EFC44FE91" author="Naruse" box="[779,1021,352,378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Naruse, T. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (2007 b) On the taxonomy of the genus Hymenicoides Kemp, 1917 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Hymenosomatidae), with resurrection of Limnopilos Chuang &amp; Ng, 1991 and descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa, 1621, 17 - 31." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="b">Naruse &amp; Ng 2007b</bibRefCitation>
: figs. 2, 5c, d, 8c).
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC5DCD40EFA25FE92" ID-CoL="65YHX" box="[1246,1436,352,377]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Amarinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC5DCD40EFA25FE92" box="[1246,1436,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Amarinus laevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from the species of
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC31AD4E6FD0AFE4A" ID-CoL="7NVVJ" box="[536,691,392,417]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC31AD4E6FD0AFE4A" box="[536,691,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Cancrocaeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC3C7D4E6FCF0FE4A" ID-CoL="7PMTG" box="[709,841,392,417]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC3C7D4E6FCF0FE4A" box="[709,841,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Limnopilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC28AD4E6FB97FE4A" ID-CoL="7PL39" box="[904,1070,392,417]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Hymenicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC28AD4E6FB97FE4A" box="[904,1070,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Hymenicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its bell-shaped male abdomen-pleotelson (
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC059D4DEFDF4FE21" author="Lucas" box="[347,589,432,458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Lucas, J. S. (1980) Spider crabs of the family Hymenosomatidae (Crustacea; Brachyura) with particular reference to Australian species: systematics and biology. Records of the Australian Museum, 33 (4), 148 - 247." type="journal article" year="1980">Lucas, 1980: fig. 7A</bibRefCitation>
) (barrel-shaped in
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC228D4DEFC7CFE22" ID-CoL="7NVVJ" box="[810,965,432,457]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC228D4DEFC7CFE22" box="[810,965,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Cancrocaeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC2D1D4DEFBEEFE22" ID-CoL="7PMTG" box="[979,1111,432,457]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC2D1D4DEFBEEFE22" box="[979,1111,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Limnopilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC58DD4DEFA8CFE22" ID-CoL="7PL39" box="[1167,1333,432,457]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Hymenicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC58DD4DEFA8CFE22" box="[1167,1333,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Hymenicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="8CE02A239944FFAFC441D4DEFA3CFE21" box="[1347,1413,432,458]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1767,1791]" captionTargetBox="[168,1373,457,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,431,1746]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cancrocaeca xenomorpha Ng, 1991: a, carapace, dorsal view; b, carapace, frontal view; c, male abdomenpleotelson; d, right G 1, dorsal view; e, distal part of right G 1, ventral view. Male, ZRC 2007.0118, 3.7 × 5.0 mm. Scale bars, 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181453/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
c; Ng 1995: fig. 13G;
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC081D4B6FDCAFE19" author="Ng" box="[387,627,472,498]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Ng, P. K. L. &amp; Chuang, C. T. N. (1996) The Hymenosomatidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) of Southeast Asia, with notes on other species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 3, 1 - 82." type="book chapter" year="1996">Ng &amp; Chuang 1996</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 21E;
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC3F3D4B6FC5EFE19" author="Naruse" box="[753,999,472,498]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Naruse, T. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (2007 b) On the taxonomy of the genus Hymenicoides Kemp, 1917 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Hymenosomatidae), with resurrection of Limnopilos Chuang &amp; Ng, 1991 and descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa, 1621, 17 - 31." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="b">Naruse &amp; Ng 2007b</bibRefCitation>
: figs. 5a, 8a), and the absence of the basal mount of the female vulva (present in
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC3ABD76EFCFDFDF2" ID-CoL="7NVVJ" box="[681,836,512,537]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC3ABD76EFCFDFDF2" box="[681,836,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Cancrocaeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC256D76EFC61FDF2" ID-CoL="7PMTG" box="[852,984,512,537]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC256D76EFC61FDF2" box="[852,984,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Limnopilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC517D76EFB02FDF2" ID-CoL="7PL39" box="[1045,1211,512,537]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Hymenicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC517D76EFB02FDF2" box="[1045,1211,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Hymenicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 3a;
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC42BD76EFEB6FDA9" author="Naruse" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Naruse, T. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (2007 b) On the taxonomy of the genus Hymenicoides Kemp, 1917 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Hymenosomatidae), with resurrection of Limnopilos Chuang &amp; Ng, 1991 and descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa, 1621, 17 - 31." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="b">Naruse &amp; Ng 2007b</bibRefCitation>
: 18, 22, 26, 27). These characters indicate that
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC230D746FC74FDAA" ID-CoL="7NVVJ" box="[818,973,552,577]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC230D746FC74FDAA" box="[818,973,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Cancrocaeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be phylogenetically closer to
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC466D746FF54FD82" ID-CoL="7PMTG" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC466D746FF54FD82" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Limnopilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC024D73EFE75FD82" ID-CoL="7PL39" box="[294,460,592,617]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Hymenicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC024D73EFE75FD82" box="[294,460,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Hymenicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rather than to
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC375D73EFD50FD82" ID-CoL="7NP24" box="[631,745,592,617]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Amarinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC375D73EFD50FD82" box="[631,745,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Amarinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="146436A69944FFAFC1C7D716FC21FB29" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,1218]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
The lateral lobes of the sixth abdominal segment in the
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC25BD716FB81FD79" ID-CoL="7NHX7" box="[857,1080,632,658]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hymenosomatidae</taxonomicName>
, usually located at the base of the pleotelson, and sometimes appearing as intercalary platelets (which may be movable), correspond to the location of the deep sockets for the abdominal locking mechanism (see Guinot &amp; Richer de
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC5CBD7A6FAE7FD09" author="Forges" box="[1225,1374,712,738]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Guinot, D. &amp; Richer de Forges, B. (1997) Affinites entre les Hymenosomatidae MacLeay, 1838 et les Inachoididae Dana, 1851 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Zoosystema, 19 (2 / 3), 453 - 502." type="journal article" year="1997">Forges 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 466, figs. 2A, 4, 5, 6AE;
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC084D79EFD0FFCE1" author="Guinot" box="[390,694,752,778]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Guinot, D. &amp; Bouchard, J. - M. (1998) Evolution of the abdominal holding systems of brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Zoosystema, 20 (4), 613 - 694." type="journal article" year="1998">Guinot &amp; Bouchard 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 658, 683, fig. 27). The form of this structure is a good generic criterion.
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC008D676FDB1FCD9" author="Ng" box="[266,520,792,818]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Ng, P. K. L. &amp; Chuang, C. T. N. (1996) The Hymenosomatidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) of Southeast Asia, with notes on other species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 3, 1 - 82." type="book chapter" year="1996">Ng &amp; Chuang (1996)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC39BD676FCA4FCDA" ID-CoL="7PMTG" box="[665,797,792,817]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC39BD676FCA4FCDA" box="[665,797,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Limnopilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC5C2D676FADFFCDA" ID-CoL="7PL39" box="[1216,1382,792,817]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Hymenicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC5C2D676FADFFCDA" box="[1216,1382,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Hymenicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC195D62EFE23FCB1" author="Naruse" box="[151,410,832,858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Naruse, T. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (2007 b) On the taxonomy of the genus Hymenicoides Kemp, 1917 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Hymenosomatidae), with resurrection of Limnopilos Chuang &amp; Ng, 1991 and descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa, 1621, 17 - 31." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="b">Naruse &amp; Ng (2007b)</bibRefCitation>
resurrected
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC32ED62EFD09FCB2" ID-CoL="7PMTG" box="[556,688,832,857]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC32ED62EFD09FCB2" box="[556,688,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Limnopilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
emphasising differences in the locking mechanism of the male abdomen and G1 (
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC073D606FDDFFC69" author="Naruse" box="[369,614,872,898]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" refString="Naruse, T. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (2007 b) On the taxonomy of the genus Hymenicoides Kemp, 1917 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Hymenosomatidae), with resurrection of Limnopilos Chuang &amp; Ng, 1991 and descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa, 1621, 17 - 31." type="journal article" year="2007" yearSuffix="b">Naruse &amp; Ng 2007b</bibRefCitation>
: figs. 1, 2a, b, 5a, c, 8a, c).
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC2AFD606FB5AFC6A" ID-CoL="8W798" box="[941,1251,872,897]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenomorpha">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC2AFD606FB5AFC6A" box="[941,1251,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Cancrocaeca xenomorpha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more similar to
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC1B7D6FEFE80FC42" ID-CoL="7PMTG" box="[181,313,912,937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC1B7D6FEFE80FC42" box="[181,313,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Limnopilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species than to
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC0F6D6FEFD23FC42" ID-CoL="7PL39" box="[500,666,912,937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Hymenicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC0F6D6FEFD23FC42" box="[500,666,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Hymenicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species in having a slender shaft of the G1 and less produced lateral lobes of the male pleotelson.
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC322D6D6FD7FFC3A" ID-CoL="7PL39" box="[544,710,952,977]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Hymenicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC322D6D6FD7FFC3A" box="[544,710,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Hymenicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are distributed along the Indian Ocean coasts (
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC445D6D6FEE4FC11" ID-CoL="3NJ2G" authority="Kemp, 1917" authorityName="Kemp" authorityYear="1917" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Hymenicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carteri">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC445D6D6FF79FC12" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">H. carteri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC1CAD68EFEE4FC11" author="Kemp" box="[200,349,992,1018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Kemp, S. (1917) Notes on Crustacea Decapoda in the Indian Museum. X. Hymenosomatidae. Records of the Indian Museum, 13, 243 - 279." type="journal article" year="1917">Kemp, 1917</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, near Kolkata (= Calcutta),
<collectingCountry id="6CCC76369944FFAFC3ABD68EFD5CFC11" box="[681,741,992,1018]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">India</collectingCountry>
and Ganges Basin,
<collectingCountry id="6CCC76369944FFAFC2D1D68EFBE6FC11" box="[979,1119,992,1018]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
;
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC56ED68EFF6DFBC9" ID-CoL="3NJ2J" authority="Naruse &amp; Ng, 2007" authorityName="Naruse &amp; Ng" authorityYear="2007" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Hymenicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robertsi">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC56ED68EFB57FC12" box="[1132,1262,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">H. robertsi</emphasis>
Naruse &amp; Ng, 2007
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="6CCC76369944FFAFC1E0D166FEE0FBC9" box="[226,345,1032,1058]" name="Myanmar" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
), whereas
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC0DAD166FDE5FBCA" ID-CoL="7PMTG" box="[472,604,1032,1057]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC0DAD166FDE5FBCA" box="[472,604,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Limnopilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are distributed on the South
<collectingCountry id="6CCC76369944FFAFC519D166FBD8FBC9" box="[1051,1121,1032,1058]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">China</collectingCountry>
Sea and Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="6CCC76369944FFAFC436D166FA25FBC9" box="[1332,1436,1032,1058]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Thailand</collectingCountry>
coasts [
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC1F2D15EFD38FBA1" ID-CoL="72CL4" authority="Chuang &amp; Ng, 1991" authorityName="Chuang &amp; Ng" authorityYear="1991" box="[240,641,1072,1098]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="naiyanetri">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC1F2D15EFE31FBA2" box="[240,392,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">L. naiyanetri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="704A4B579944FFAFC08DD15EFD38FBA1" author="Chuang" box="[399,641,1072,1098]" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Chuang, C. T. N. &amp; Ng, P. K. L. (1991) Preliminary descriptions of one new genus and three new species of hymenosomatid crabs from Southeast Asia (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 39 (2), 363 - 368." type="journal article" year="1991">Chuang &amp; Ng, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="6CCC76369944FFAFC3E9D15EFCEEFBA1" box="[747,855,1072,1098]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Thailand</collectingCountry>
;
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC261D15EFB05FBA1" ID-CoL="8WFFM" authority="Ng, 1995" authorityName="Ng" authorityYear="1995" box="[867,1212,1072,1098]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microrhynchus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC261D15EFB89FBA2" box="[867,1072,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">L. microrhynchus</emphasis>
(Ng, 1995)
</taxonomicName>
, Sabah, Borneo;
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC486D15EFDBAFB99" authority="Naruse &amp; Ng, 2007" authorityName="Naruse &amp; Ng" authorityYear="2007" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumatrana">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC486D15EFEADFB9A" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">L. sumatrana</emphasis>
Naruse &amp; Ng, 2007
</taxonomicName>
, South
<collectingCountry id="6CCC76369944FFAFC358D136FD19FB99" box="[602,672,1112,1138]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">China</collectingCountry>
Sea, coast of Sumatra], which is geographically closer to the distributional range of
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC082D1EEFD04FB71" ID-CoL="8W798" authority="(Sulawesi)" baseAuthorityName="Sulawesi" box="[384,701,1152,1178]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xenomorpha">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC082D1EEFD8DFB72" box="[384,564,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">C. xenomorpha</emphasis>
(Sulawesi)
</taxonomicName>
. The close geographical distribution as well as the morphological similarities suggest that
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC0E6D1C6FDD1FB2A" ID-CoL="7PMTG" box="[484,616,1192,1217]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Limnopilos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC0E6D1C6FDD1FB2A" box="[484,616,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Limnopilos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closer to
<taxonomicName id="D3DB4D259944FFAFC3F4D1C6FC28FB2A" ID-CoL="7NVVJ" box="[758,913,1192,1217]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hymenosomatidae" genus="Cancrocaeca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="26AFEAB49944FFAFC3F4D1C6FC28FB2A" box="[758,913,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Cancrocaeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>