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<mods:title id="8810378C8579154C427D937D6EA555E1">An outlook on larval morphology of Copelatinae diving beetles with phylogenetic considerations (Coleoptera: Adephaga, Dytiscidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="96C2026335A58A202932F6D7383052F1">Alarie, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D76FA551E88E1CDF4CEEFF9D4B96404D">Michat, Mariano C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E82525D49EE01111CB7D599408C06A20">University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Department of Biodiversity and Experimental and Applied Biology (IBBEA), Buenos Aires, Argentina. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1962 - 7976</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3D565B7E51B5CD66A83BBFDFEF424098">Watanabe, Kohei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="75BC6BDB9ADA83AFD82BAB9557AE4F38">Ishikawa Insect Museum, Inu- 3, Yawata-machi, Hakusan-shi, 920 - 2113 Japan. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8761 - 232 X Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5034 - 7342</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="16EF170B60C9378CCE3B341AA9C65D58">Shaverdo, Helena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2A7F2DEA4C3E960D2C78555337E6CB6B">Wang, Liang-Jong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D7A3B149EC4E5AE1E3BD8236E0BE135F">Division of Forest Protection, Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5540 - 2021</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A2FA05A848677C874D5DED6EE74DDF98">Watts, Chris H. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D90C6496EF1A2DBB0A1F7D32FFC6102D">South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3131 - 4259</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="3B0087B31453FF97FF3AFD29FF21403F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003356" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199499366" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7003356" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B0087B31453FF97FF3AFD29FF21403F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B0087B31453FF97FF3AFD29FF21403F" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<subSubSection id="FBB3652E1453FF97FF3AFD29FDCB4486" box="[151,539,690,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B31636A51453FF97FF3AFD29FDCB4486" blockId="17.[151,539,690,717]" box="[151,539,690,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<heading id="E85E81C91453FF97FF3AFD29FDCB4486" bold="true" box="[151,539,690,717]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74A94D261453FF97FF3AFD29FDCB4486" ID-CoL="5ZWW4" authority="(Say, 1823)" authorityName="NA" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[151,539,690,717]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Copelatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glyphicus">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FF3AFD29FDCB4486" bold="true" box="[151,539,690,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FF3AFD29FE5B4487" bold="true" box="[151,395,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Copelatus glyphicus</emphasis>
(Say, 1823)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB3652E1453FF97FF3AFD61FE7845CB" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B31636A51453FF97FF3AFD61FE7845CB" blockId="17.[151,1437,762,1653]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FF3AFD61FEA9455E" bold="true" box="[151,377,762,788]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Source of material.</emphasis>
The five instar III larvae studied were associated with adults collected at the following locality:
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FF3AFC85FDCE4573" bold="true" box="[151,542,798,825]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<collectingCountry id="CBBE76351453FF97FF3AFC85FF264572" box="[151,246,798,824]" name="Canada" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Canada</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="716DF8471453FF97FEA5FC85FEB44573" box="[264,356,798,825]" country="Canada" name="Quebec" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Québec</collectingRegion>
, Trois-Rivières
</emphasis>
. Ephemeral pond in red maple forest at Chemin des Oblats,
<date id="C71710651453FF97FAAEFC84FA484573" box="[1283,1432,799,825]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" value="1986-08-06">06.VIII.1986</date>
,
<date id="C71710651453FF97FF3AFCD8FEFC4517" box="[151,300,835,861]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" value="1986-08-08">08.VIII.1986</date>
,
<date id="C71710651453FF97FE94FCD8FE1E4517" box="[313,462,835,861]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" value="1986-08-12">12.VIII.1986</date>
; Y. Alarie leg. The identification is firm as
<taxonomicName id="74A94D261453FF97FC11FCD8FB994517" authorityName="NA" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[956,1097,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Copelatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glyphicus">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FC11FCD8FB994517" box="[956,1097,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">C. glyphicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only
<taxonomicName id="74A94D261453FF97FB7CFCD8FA4C4517" box="[1233,1436,835,861]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FB7CFCD8FA934517" box="[1233,1347,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Copelatus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
known from that region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB3652E1453FF97FF6AFC11FBA542EB" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B31636A51453FF97FF6AFC11FBA542EB" blockId="17.[151,1437,762,1653]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FF6AFC11FE1E45EE" bold="true" box="[199,462,906,932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Diagnosis (instar III).</emphasis>
The third instar of
<taxonomicName id="74A94D261453FF97FD18FC10FC4B45EF" authorityName="NA" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[693,923,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Copelatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glyphicus">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FD18FC10FC4B45EF" box="[693,923,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Copelatus glyphicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can easily be distinguished from that of the other species studied in this paper by the following combination of characters: HL =
<quantity id="74519B401453FF97FBDFFC34FACB4583" box="[1138,1307,943,969]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.8">0.800.90 mm</quantity>
; L3 &lt;2.00 mm; U &lt;
<quantity id="74519B401453FF97FEA3FC48FEA845A7" box="[270,376,979,1005]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
; head capsule rounded, strongly constricted at level of occipital region (
<figureCitation id="2B922A201453FF97FB6EFC48FAC845A7" box="[1219,1304,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 1920" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[223,1355,199,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-20@20.[213,1373,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 1920. Copelatus glyphicus (Say, 1823), instar III: (19) head capsule, dorsal aspect (scale-like microsculptures not represented); (20) abdominal segment VIII, dorsal aspect. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003374/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
), scale-like sculpticels present over frontoclypeus and parietale; anterior margin of frontoclypeus broadly convex, extending mesally beyond level of adnasalia (
<figureCitation id="2B922A201453FF97FDB0FB80FDBF427F" box="[541,623,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 1920" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[223,1355,199,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-20@20.[213,1373,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 1920. Copelatus glyphicus (Say, 1823), instar III: (19) head capsule, dorsal aspect (scale-like microsculptures not represented); (20) abdominal segment VIII, dorsal aspect. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003374/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
); adnasalia margined with short bluntly rounded and truncated teeth (
<figureCitation id="2B922A201453FF97FAC2FB80FF664213" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-18@43.[181,1407,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 63. Anterior margin of left adnasalia of selected species of Copelatinae; magnification of 500x except CALT drawn at 400x. Species codes as in Table 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003432/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
); MP2/MP1&gt; 1.50; GA/MP1&gt; 1.50; 1.30 &lt;LP2/LP1 &lt;1.90; inner margin of stipes lacking a dorsal linear row of spinulae; profemur with less than 3 PV and 4 AV secondary setae; metafemur with less than 3 AV secondary setae; urogomphus composed of one urogomphomere; U/HW &lt;0.40; U/LAS &lt;0.50; Nearctic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB3652E1453FF97FF6AFB31FF21403F" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="description">
<paragraph id="B31636A51453FF97FF6AFB31FD5F428E" blockId="17.[151,1437,762,1653]" box="[199,655,1194,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FF6AFB31FD5F428E" bold="true" box="[199,655,1194,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
Description, instar III (
<figureCitation id="2B922A201453FF97FE76FB31FD8D428E" box="[475,605,1194,1220]" captionStart="FIGURES 1920" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[223,1355,199,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-20@20.[213,1373,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 1920. Copelatus glyphicus (Say, 1823), instar III: (19) head capsule, dorsal aspect (scale-like microsculptures not represented); (20) abdominal segment VIII, dorsal aspect. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003374/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Figs 1920</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B922A201453FF97FDC7FB31FD57428E" box="[618,647,1194,1220]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-18@43.[181,1407,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 63. Anterior margin of left adnasalia of selected species of Copelatinae; magnification of 500x except CALT drawn at 400x. Species codes as in Table 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003432/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">63</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31636A51453FF97FF6AFB54FB7042A3" blockId="17.[151,1437,762,1653]" box="[199,1184,1231,1257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FF6AFB54FEDF42A3" bold="true" box="[199,271,1231,1257]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Body:</emphasis>
Measurements and ratios aimed to characterize body shape are shown in
<tableCitation id="FE2B031E1453FF97FBEBFB54FB4C42A3" box="[1094,1180,1231,1257]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 6. Measurements and ratios for the instar III of selected species of Copelatinae (species codes as in Table 1)." pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Table 6</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31636A51453FF97FF6AFB68FDE843D7" blockId="17.[151,1437,762,1653]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FF6AFB68FE6C4346" bold="true" box="[199,444,1266,1293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
Head (
<figureCitation id="2B922A201453FF97FEB1FB69FEAA4346" box="[284,378,1266,1292]" captionStart="FIGURES 1920" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[223,1355,199,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-20@20.[213,1373,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 1920. Copelatus glyphicus (Say, 1823), instar III: (19) head capsule, dorsal aspect (scale-like microsculptures not represented); (20) abdominal segment VIII, dorsal aspect. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003374/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Figs 19</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B922A201453FF97FE20FB69FE7D4346" box="[397,429,1266,1292]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-18@43.[181,1407,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 63. Anterior margin of left adnasalia of selected species of Copelatinae; magnification of 500x except CALT drawn at 400x. Species codes as in Table 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003432/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">63</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Head capsule rounded, strongly constricted at level of occiput; anterior margin of frontoclypeus broadly convex, extending beyond level of adnasalia; scale-like sculpticels well-developed both on frontoclypeus and parietale; adnasalia margined with short bluntly rounded and truncated teeth (
<figureCitation id="2B922A201453FF97FB5DFAA0FA96431F" box="[1264,1350,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[197,1392,194,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-18@43.[181,1407,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 63. Anterior margin of left adnasalia of selected species of Copelatinae; magnification of 500x except CALT drawn at 400x. Species codes as in Table 1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003432/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
); HL =
<quantity id="74519B401453FF97FF3AFAC4FEED4333" box="[151,317,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="9.399999999999999" metricValueMin="8.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="0.875" valueMax="0.94" valueMin="0.81">0.810.94 mm</quantity>
; A/MP = 1.341.38; MP/LP = 2.122.17; MP2/MP1 = 1.501.73; GA/MP1 = 1.791.88; LP2/LP1 = 1.401.56; MNL/MNW = 2.853.04.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31636A51453FF97FF6AFA3CFDC7438B" blockId="17.[151,1437,762,1653]" box="[199,535,1447,1473]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FF6AFA3CFEF9438B" bold="true" box="[199,297,1447,1473]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Thorax:</emphasis>
L3 =
<quantity id="74519B401453FF97FEC0FA3CFDC3438B" box="[365,531,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" metricValueMax="1.74" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="1.67" valueMax="1.74" valueMin="1.6">1.601.74 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31636A51453FF97FF6AFA51FEDF4067" blockId="17.[151,1437,762,1653]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FF6AFA51FE7E43AE" bold="true" box="[199,430,1482,1508]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="2B922A201453FF97FEE7FA51FE4F43AE" box="[330,415,1482,1508]" captionStart="FIGURES 1920" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[223,1355,199,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-20@20.[213,1373,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 1920. Copelatus glyphicus (Say, 1823), instar III: (19) head capsule, dorsal aspect (scale-like microsculptures not represented); (20) abdominal segment VIII, dorsal aspect. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7003374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7003374/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
LAS =
<quantity id="74519B401453FF97FDA9FA51FD7943AF" box="[516,681,1482,1509]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.95" metricValueMax="7.4" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="0.695" valueMax="0.74" valueMin="0.65">0.650.74 mm</quantity>
; LAS subcylindrical, not constricted posteriorly at point of insertion of urogomphi. Urogomphus: U =
<quantity id="74519B401453FF97FDBCFA74FD664043" box="[529,694,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="0.3" valueMax="0.32" valueMin="0.28">0.280.32 mm</quantity>
, composed of one urogomphomere; U/HW = 0.310.33; U/LAS = 0.420.44.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31636A51453FF97FF6AF9ADFF21403F" blockId="17.[151,1437,762,1653]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81DDEAB71453FF97FF6AF9ADFE89401A" bold="true" box="[199,345,1590,1616]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Chaetotaxy:</emphasis>
Parietale with 69 temporal spines; position and number of secondary setae on legs are shown in
<tableCitation id="FE2B031E1453FF97FF3AF9C0FF3D403F" box="[151,237,1627,1653]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,239,566,592]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 7. Number of secondary setae (including additional setae) on the legs of instar III of selected species of Copelatinae (species codes as in Table 1). A = anterior, AV = anteroventral, CO = coxa, D = dorsal, FE = femur, Pr = proximal, PV = posteroventral, TR = trochanter, n = number of specimens studied, Total = total number of secondary setae on segment." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E7D6662D144BFF8FFF3AFDADFEC944D2" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" tableUuid="E7D6662D144BFF8FFF3AFDADFEC944D2">Table 7</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>