504 lines
49 KiB
XML
504 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ccf56b01-f7a5-4e13-895b-a44621f00612" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685209" ID-ZooBank="59E9BD70-A4DF-46DA-8C0A-134C929D8E8C" checkinTime="1677570867769" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Timossi, Giovanni & Ruzzier, Enrico" docDate="2023" docId="038A471AFFF24F1FFF09F9725B6B72D6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5249.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5249 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sphaleroptera orientana subsp. meridionalis Timossi & Ruzzier 2023, ssp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="FFB33F62FFF34F17FF9EFFF7591E737B" masterDocTitle="Description of Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis subs. n. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Cnephasiini) from the Pale di San Martino Mountain plateau (Dolomites, NE Italy)" masterLastPageNumber="11" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1677601279294" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Description of Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis subs. n. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Cnephasiini) from the Pale di San Martino Mountain plateau (Dolomites, NE Italy)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Timossi, Giovanni</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-1250-7274</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>World Biodiversity Association Onlus, c / o Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Lungadige, Porta Vittoria 9,37129 Verona, Italy. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1250 - 7274</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Ruzzier, Enrico</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy. & NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2023-02-28</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>5249</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>11</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">ccf56b01-f7a5-4e13-895b-a44621f00612</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7685209</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">59E9BD70-A4DF-46DA-8C0A-134C929D8E8C</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685211" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685211" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A471AFFF24F1FFF09F9725B6B72D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A471AFFF24F1FFF09F9725B6B72D6" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,718,1669,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,718,1669,1696]" box="[151,718,1669,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<heading bold="true" box="[151,718,1669,1696]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,718,1669,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Timossi & Ruzzier, 2023" authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,606,1669,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" status="ssp. nov." subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,606,1669,1696]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[613,718,1670,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="subSpecies">ssp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1437,1736,2042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,324,1736,1763]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type material.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-08-20" collectionCode="PPPSM" collectorName="Timossi G. & Day" country="Italy" elevation="2581" latitude="46.2679" location="Trento" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.8409" municipality="Rifugio Pedrotti" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[331,440,1736,1762]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: adult ♁,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[546,598,1736,1762]" name="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A471AFFF24F1FFF09F9725B6B72D6:8EFCA0D7FFF24F16FDFEF93E5BB37598" box="[608,685,1737,1763]" country="Italy" latitude="46.2679" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.8409" municipality="Rifugio Pedrotti" name="Trento" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Trento</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[695,785,1737,1763]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">PPPSM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[796,977,1736,1762]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Rifugio Pedrotti</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[983,1074,1736,1762]" degrees="46.2679" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="5" value="46.2679">46.2679</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1080,1173,1737,1763]" degrees="11.8409" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="5" value="11.8409">11.8409</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[1184,1271,1736,1763]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.581" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="2581.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[1184,1271,1736,1763]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.581" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="2581.0">2581 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date box="[1282,1433,1737,1763]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2019-08-20">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1282,1433,1737,1763]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2019-08-20">20.VIII.2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
: legit
|
||
<collectorName box="[207,333,1771,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Timossi G.</collectorName>
|
||
; genitalia slide number 1730.
|
||
<collectorName box="[672,719,1772,1798]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Day</collectorName>
|
||
fly.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1437,1736,2042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-08-20" collectionCode="PPPSM, UV" collectorName="Timossi G. & Attracted" country="Italy" elevation="2581" latitude="46.2679" location="Trento" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.8409" municipality="Rifugio Pedrotti" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[199,301,1806,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
: adult
|
||
<specimenCount box="[377,398,1806,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[413,465,1806,1832]" name="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A471AFFF24F1FFF09F9725B6B72D6:8EFCA0D7FFF24F16FE43F8F95B347453" box="[477,554,1806,1832]" country="Italy" latitude="46.2679" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.8409" municipality="Rifugio Pedrotti" name="Trento" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Trento</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[566,656,1806,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">PPPSM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[668,854,1806,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Rifugio Pedrotti</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[866,986,1806,1832]" degrees="46.2679" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="5" value="46.2679">46.2679 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[990,1109,1806,1832]" degrees="11.8409" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="5" value="11.8409">11.8409 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[1123,1212,1806,1833]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.581" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="2581.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[1123,1212,1806,1833]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.581" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="2581.0">2581 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date box="[1224,1375,1806,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2019-08-20">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1224,1375,1806,1832]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2019-08-20">20.VIII.2019</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
: legit
|
||
<collectorName box="[151,277,1840,1867]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Timossi G.</collectorName>
|
||
; genitalia slide number 1950.
|
||
<collectorName box="[614,718,1840,1866]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Attracted</collectorName>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectionCode box="[754,794,1841,1867]" country="Colombia" name="Departamento de Biologia de la Universidad del Valle" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">UV</collectionCode>
|
||
lights
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1437,1736,2042]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,345,1875,1901]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult ♁ (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[461,559,1875,1901]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="2.[152,255,847,871]" captionStartId-1="2.[152,255,1996,2020]" captionTargetBox-0="[279,1307,195,811]" captionTargetBox-1="[276,1221,940,1945]" captionTargetId-0="figure-35@2.[263,1323,181,824]" captionTargetId-1="figure-53@2.[267,1320,896,1973]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov. holotype, male, dorsal habitus." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov. holotype, labial palpus." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685213" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685215" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7685213/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7685215/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head: frons and palpi dark grey with few scales with light grey ends, black antennae with little white innellation; legs black with few light grey scales, tarsi with white rings, spurs light grey. Abdomen grey. Forewing: wingspan
|
||
<quantity box="[576,680,1944,1971]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="16.8">16.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ground colour grey with few light grey, black and yellow scales. Forewing pattern (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Razowski, J." box="[404,581,1979,2005]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref3815" refString="Razowski, J. (2002) Tortricidae of Europe. Vol. 1. Tortricinae and Chlidanotinae. Frantisek Slamka, Bratislava, 247 pp." type="book" year="2002">Razowski 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, page 9, fig. 6, 8): basal blotch and median fascia slate gray edged in black, subapical blotch and apical area confluent slate grey, fringe grey. Hindwing grey.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685213" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685213" box="[152,1076,847,872]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[152,255,847,871]" targetBox="[279,1307,195,811]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[152,1076,847,872]" box="[152,1076,847,872]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,274,847,872]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[287,670,848,872]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[287,670,848,872]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[676,757,848,872]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype, male, dorsal habitus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685215" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685215" box="[152,1001,1996,2021]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685215/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[152,255,1996,2020]" targetBox="[276,1221,940,1945]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[152,1001,1996,2021]" box="[152,1001,1996,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,274,1996,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[287,670,1997,2021]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[287,670,1997,2021]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[676,757,1997,2021]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype, labial palpus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[151,1437,151,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Male genitalia: elongated uncus (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[591,686,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-93@3.[151,1436,345,1694]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov. holotype, male, genitalia slide number 1730.A) uncus; B) valva; C) aedeagus in lateral view; length 116.6 µm (blue line)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685218/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
), broad and elongated socius, slightly sclerotic gnathos, narrow tegumen, elongated pedunculus. Valva very broad basally, with a short terminal part (Fog. 3B); sacculus bilobed. Vinculum large; juxta pentagonal, with one incision at the posterior margin. Aedeagus sclerotized, gun-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1717,1741]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,345,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-93@3.[151,1436,345,1694]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov. holotype, male, genitalia slide number 1730.A) uncus; B) valva; C) aedeagus in lateral view; length 116.6 µm (blue line)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685218/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
), with protruding apical process bent at the distal end and passing through the stem: aedeagus is 116.604 µm: the length is taken following the indications of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Whitebread, S." box="[638,854,295,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="177 - 204" refId="ref4248" refString="Whitebread, S. (2006) Sphaleroptera alpicolana (Frolich, 1830) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Cnephasiini): a specie complex. Veroffentlichungen des Tiroler Landesmuseums Ferdinandeum, 86, 177 - 204." type="journal article" year="2006">Whitebread (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685218" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685218/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[152,255,1717,1741]" targetBox="[151,1436,345,1692]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[151,1437,1717,1778]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,274,1717,1741]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[285,666,1718,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[285,666,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[672,752,1718,1742]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
holotype, male, genitalia slide number 1730. A) uncus; B) valva; C) aedeagus in lateral view; length 116.6 µm (blue line).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[151,1437,1824,1994]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Adult
|
||
<specimenCount box="[272,293,1824,1850]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[310,410,1824,1851]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="4.[152,255,921,945]" captionStartId-1="4.[152,255,2007,2031]" captionTargetBox-0="[322,1264,192,885]" captionTargetId-0="figure-35@4.[312,1275,181,897]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov. paratype, female, dorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov. paratype, labial palpus." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685220" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7685220/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4–5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head: frons light grey, second segment of the palps dark grey externally for half length, third segment slate grey, black antennae with white bands; prothoracic and mesothoracic legs with tarsus and tibia light grey, tarsi black with white rings, metathoracic legs light grey. Abdomen grey with light bands. Forewing: wingspan
|
||
<quantity box="[267,370,1932,1958]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="14.4">14.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ground colour light grey, post basal fascia and median fascia dark grey, fringe dark and light grey. Hindwing white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685220" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685220" box="[152,1068,921,945]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685220/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[152,255,921,945]" targetBox="[322,1264,192,885]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[152,1068,921,945]" box="[152,1068,921,945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,274,921,945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[287,670,921,945]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[287,670,921,945]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[676,757,921,945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
paratype, female, dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption box="[152,1000,2007,2032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[152,255,2007,2031]">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[152,1000,2007,2032]" box="[152,1000,2007,2032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,274,2007,2032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[287,670,2007,2031]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[287,670,2007,2031]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[676,757,2008,2032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
paratype, labial palpus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1437,151,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Female genitalia: (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[414,484,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1992,2016]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,309,1969]" captionTargetId="figure-76@5.[172,1416,309,1969]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov. paratype, female genitalia (slide number 1952)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685222/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) ovipositor telescopic, short. Papillae anales flat, hairy; posterior apophyses about twice the anterior; Strongly sclerotic antrum, asymmetrical V-shaped, tubular, and slightly flared at the end, incised and with a cap-shaped protrusion; ductus burse short, ductus seminalis very close to the extremity of the antrum. Bursa about as long as the antrum without signum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685222" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685222" box="[152,1245,1992,2016]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685222/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[152,255,1992,2016]" targetBox="[172,1416,309,1969]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[152,1245,1992,2016]" box="[152,1245,1992,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,274,1992,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[287,670,1992,2016]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[287,670,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[676,757,1992,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
paratype, female genitalia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1032,1040,1992,2016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">(</emphasis>
|
||
slide number 1952).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1437,150,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,702,150,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis</emphasis>
|
||
. The DNA barcoding resulted in a sequence of 630 bp deposited in GenBank as
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[323,521,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[323,482,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphaleroptera</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ON721387).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1437,150,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The phylogenetic reconstruction, inclusive of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[728,987,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[728,987,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphaleroptera dentana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as outgroup, resulted in the consensus tree shown in
|
||
<figureCitation box="[308,376,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[152,255,1718,1742]" captionTargetBox="[151,1426,361,1682]" captionTargetId="figure-103@6.[151,1436,345,1694]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Maximum Likelihood tree of Sphaleroptera orientana." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685224/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
. The topology of the whole tree is highly supported with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[1013,1437,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1013,1437,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forming a separate lineage in the respect of the
|
||
<emphasis box="[682,948,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">orientana-suborientana</emphasis>
|
||
cluster (bootstrap = 71%).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685224" box="[152,844,1718,1742]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685224/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[152,255,1718,1742]" targetBox="[151,1426,361,1682]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[152,844,1718,1742]" box="[152,844,1718,1742]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,274,1718,1742]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 7</emphasis>
|
||
. Maximum Likelihood tree of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[588,840,1718,1742]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientana">Sphaleroptera orientana</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[151,1436,1788,1923]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Both
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[261,516,1788,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="orientana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[261,516,1788,1814]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. orientana orientana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[572,859,1788,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[572,859,1788,1814]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both with specimens from two different localities, show very low intraspecific variability with a genetic distance of 0.2% and 0.1% respectively.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is equally divergent from the previously mentioned taxa, with a genetic distance of ~1.1%. Genetic distances among the three subspecies are summarised in
|
||
<tableCitation box="[881,965,1896,1922]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[152,244,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Triangular matrix showing the genetic distances among Sphaleroptera orientana subspecies." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption box="[152,1265,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[152,244,151,175]">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[152,1265,151,176]" box="[152,1265,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,271,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Triangular matrix showing the genetic distances among
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[875,1138,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[875,1138,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera orientana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subspecies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<table box="[166,1351,192,481]" gridcols="4" gridrows="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<tr box="[166,1351,192,216]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th box="[436,686,192,216]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[436,686,192,216]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[436,686,192,216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera orientana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[768,1018,192,216]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[768,1018,192,216]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[768,1018,192,216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera orientana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[1101,1351,192,216]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1101,1351,192,216]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera orientana</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[166,1351,228,252]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td box="[436,686,228,252]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis box="[436,535,229,252]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">orientana</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[768,1018,228,252]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis box="[768,902,228,252]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">suborientana</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1101,1351,228,252]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1101,1229,228,252]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[166,1351,268,292]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[166,404,268,292]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1845" box="[166,311,268,292]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[166,311,268,292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[436,686,268,292]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis box="[436,444,269,292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">-</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[166,1351,305,328]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[166,404,305,328]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis box="[166,369,305,328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[166,265,305,328]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientana">orientana</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[270,369,305,328]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientana">orientana</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[166,1351,344,368]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[166,404,344,368]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1845" box="[166,311,344,368]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[166,311,344,368]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[436,686,344,368]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.0145</td>
|
||
<td box="[768,1018,344,368]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[166,1351,380,404]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[166,404,380,404]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis box="[166,404,380,404]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[166,265,381,404]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientana">orientana</taxonomicName>
|
||
suborientana
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[166,1351,420,445]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<th box="[166,404,420,445]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1845" box="[166,311,421,445]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[166,311,421,445]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[436,686,420,445]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.0109</td>
|
||
<td box="[768,1018,420,445]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.0105</td>
|
||
<td box="[1101,1351,420,445]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[166,1351,457,481]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[166,404,457,481]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">orientana meridionalis</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,528,914]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,322,528,554]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The new
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[440,604,528,555]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="resembles">ssp. resembles</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[614,911,528,555]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="suborientana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[614,911,528,555]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. orientana suborientana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
both in external appearance as well as in the male genitalia.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[324,748,564,590]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[324,748,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in comparison with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[980,1410,564,590]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="suborientana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[980,1410,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera orientana suborientana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished by the darker grey background colour of forewing, which bear a few grey–white scales, the darker palps, head, femurs and tarsi. In the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[652,938,636,663]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[652,938,636,663]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the uncus is more elongated and the phallus is longer than that of
|
||
<emphasis box="[394,560,673,699]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
S. o.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[451,560,673,698]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientana">orientana</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[616,821,672,699]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. o. suborientana</emphasis>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Whitebread, S." box="[881,1075,672,698]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="177 - 204" refId="ref4248" refString="Whitebread, S. (2006) Sphaleroptera alpicolana (Frolich, 1830) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Cnephasiini): a specie complex. Veroffentlichungen des Tiroler Landesmuseums Ferdinandeum, 86, 177 - 204." type="journal article" year="2006">Whitebread 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for comparison). The female of
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,351,708,735]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. o. meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
is similar in the general appearance to that of
|
||
<emphasis box="[879,1053,709,735]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
S. o.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[937,1049,709,734]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientana">orientana</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
but it can be clearly separated by the latter on the base of genitalia morphology: in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[730,1127,744,770]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="orientana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[730,1127,744,770]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera orientana orientana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the antrum is rounded, Ushaped (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[244,364,780,806]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1584,1608]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,938,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-249@7.[151,1436,938,1560]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Comparison table of Sphaleroptera orientana female genitalia: A-B. Sphaleroptera orientana orientana from Austria (Whitebread, 2006; modified); C. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685226/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 8A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
) while in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[477,763,780,807]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[477,763,780,807]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is markedly asymmetrical V-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1184,1252,780,806]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="5.[152,255,1992,2016]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,309,1969]" captionTargetId="figure-76@5.[172,1416,309,1969]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov. paratype, female genitalia (slide number 1952)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685222/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1264,1300,780,806]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1584,1608]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,938,1560]" captionTargetId="figure-249@7.[151,1436,938,1560]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Comparison table of Sphaleroptera orientana female genitalia: A-B. Sphaleroptera orientana orientana from Austria (Whitebread, 2006; modified); C. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685226/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">8C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Moreover, the antrum of new subspecies is narrowed and incised at its proximal end, a unique feature when compared to the other
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[217,466,852,878]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis box="[217,376,852,878]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Whitebread, S." box="[527,725,852,878]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="177 - 204" refId="ref4248" refString="Whitebread, S. (2006) Sphaleroptera alpicolana (Frolich, 1830) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Cnephasiini): a specie complex. Veroffentlichungen des Tiroler Landesmuseums Ferdinandeum, 86, 177 - 204." type="journal article" year="2006">Whitebread 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, figure 8, pag. 191). The female of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1133,1339,852,879]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. o. suborientana</emphasis>
|
||
remains unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685226" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685226/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[152,255,1584,1608]" targetBox="[151,1436,938,1560]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1436,1584,1644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[152,278,1584,1608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 8</emphasis>
|
||
. Comparison table of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[516,768,1584,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[516,768,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera orientana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female genitalia: A-B.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Whitebread" authorityYear="2006" box="[1017,1378,1584,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="orientana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1017,1378,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera orientana orientana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Austria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Whitebread, S." box="[239,425,1620,1644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="177 - 204" refId="ref4248" refString="Whitebread, S. (2006) Sphaleroptera alpicolana (Frolich, 1830) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Cnephasiini): a specie complex. Veroffentlichungen des Tiroler Landesmuseums Ferdinandeum, 86, 177 - 204." type="journal article" year="2006">Whitebread, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; modified); C.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[578,961,1620,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[578,961,1620,1644]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,1690,2041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,328,1690,1716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The new subspecies has the southernmost distribution among those known, hence the name
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,293,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,1690,2041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,289,1762,1788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown. One generation observed. In the available literature (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Razowski, J." box="[1038,1218,1762,1788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref3815" refString="Razowski, J. (2002) Tortricidae of Europe. Vol. 1. Tortricinae and Chlidanotinae. Frantisek Slamka, Bratislava, 247 pp." type="book" year="2002">Razowski 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Whitebread, S." box="[1231,1429,1762,1788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="177 - 204" refId="ref4248" refString="Whitebread, S. (2006) Sphaleroptera alpicolana (Frolich, 1830) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae, Cnephasiini): a specie complex. Veroffentlichungen des Tiroler Landesmuseums Ferdinandeum, 86, 177 - 204." type="journal article" year="2006">Whitebread 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1845" box="[151,310,1798,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,310,1798,1824]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are described as diurnal, but during the research the female of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1042,1244,1798,1825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">S. o. meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
was collected at night in the proximity of the light trap.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,1690,2041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,291,1870,1896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
. Habitats are rock formations on a karst limestone plateau with sparse vegetation at elevations of about
|
||
<quantity box="[151,237,1906,1933]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</quantity>
|
||
cod. 8120: Calcareous and calcschist screes of the montane to alpine levels (
|
||
<emphasis box="[1109,1375,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Thlaspietea rotundifolii</emphasis>
|
||
, cod. 8210: Calcareous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[862,930,1942,1968]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1440,1464]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,453,1417]" captionTargetId="figure-174@8.[151,1436,453,1417]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Pale di San Martino plateau, locus typicus of Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685230" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685230/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,1437,1690,2041]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,439,1978,2004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Conservation notes.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<emphasis box="[504,653,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">locus typicus</emphasis>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[698,1130,1978,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[698,1130,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in the proximity of the Pedrotti refuge and close to the arrival station of the cable car connecting the area with San Martino di Castrozza (Trento Province, Trentino Alto Adige). Especially during summer, the whole area is subject to a significant influx of tourists, often associated with cultural and sporting events. Fortunately, the disturbance caused by tourists is still quite limited and localised above all thanks to the important extension of the plateau and the total lack of structures, with the exception of the refuge, which limit the usability of the environment. However, it cannot be excluded that an increase in the tourist load, combined with a reckless use of the area for recreational purposes, could threaten the survival of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Timossi & Ruzzier" authorityYear="2023" box="[277,561,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Sphaleroptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="orientana" subSpecies="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[277,561,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">S. orientana meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other species present in the area, many of which are endemic. On the other hand, the global rise in temperatures may constitute a serious threat for this taxon which has a very low dispersal capacity due to the brachypterous females.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |