treatments-xml/data/03/C2/87/03C287E5FFC9FFCAFF63E75AFA4EF828.xml

<document id="CBE0A4B25E3B577D922593A49039A7E4" ID-CLB-Dataset="108685" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.540.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="96149549-23fe-4032-9206-d78e7867312f" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6367243" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1647594937401" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bouman, Roderick W., Kebler, Paul J. A., Telford, Ian R. H., Bruhl, Jeremy J., Strijk, Joeri S., Saunders, Richard M. K., Esser, Hans-Joachim, Falcón-Hidalgo, Banessa &amp; Van, Peter C." docDate="2022" docId="03C287E5FFC9FFCAFF63E75AFA4EF828" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.540.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 540 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.3:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Phyllantheae" docType="key" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FFFBFF9DFFCFFFC2FFF5E10EFFE5FFB9" masterDocTitle="A revised phylogenetic classification of tribe Phyllantheae (Phyllanthaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1699318325357" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B04670A9E52C08F23088664A17B5C196">A revised phylogenetic classification of tribe Phyllantheae (Phyllanthaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="38C7D6E4208A313EC7F3198E3120967C">Kebler, Paul J. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AA913D3991FCFDB8A15D460030D838B0">Institute for Biodiversity and Environmental Research, Jalan Tungku Link, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei Darussalam &amp; Alliance for Conservation Tree Genomics, Pha Tad Ke Botanical Garden, PO Box 959, 06000 Luang Prabang, Lao PDR</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="63036A622E1BA3704D2184EBA46C7BA4">Esser, Hans-Joachim</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BCA70E052B3A4E7D33C6EEBAC3935917">Falcón-Hidalgo, Banessa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="80DD4835ACA4DA95A3B933193DE163E7">Van, Peter C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7C04702B011A32C760E165A32EB1B34F">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands &amp; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands &amp; Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, PO Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="AEB930096CC93DCC729A2F2D9EAA9FE9">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C287E5FFC9FFCAFF63E75AFA4EF828" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6941581" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197871471" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6941581" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C287E5FFC9FFCAFF63E75AFA4EF828" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C287E5FFC9FFCAFF63E75AFA4EF828" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<subSubSection id="C3716578FFC9FFC4FF63E75AFD9CF9D7" box="[150,633,1620,1646]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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. 
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Key to the genera of tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC9FFC4FE28E75AFD9CF9D7" box="[477,633,1620,1646]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Phyllantheae">Phyllantheae</taxonomicName>
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With the following key the genera of tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC9FFC4FDA6E776FD01F92B" box="[595,740,1656,1682]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Phyllantheae">Phyllantheae</taxonomicName>
can be identified, but it does not take into account any exceptions or subgenera and (sub)sections. An asterisk (*) denotes parts of the key that are not dichotomous.
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<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC9FFC4FF7DE7EFFA4EF94F" box="[136,1451,1760,1782]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1. Pistillode present in staminate flowers ...............................................................................................................................................2</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC9FFC4FF7DE7F3FA4EF8AA" box="[136,1451,1789,1811]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1. Pistillode absent in staminate flowers ................................................................................................................................................5</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC9FFC4FF7DE639FA4EF8F5" box="[136,1451,1847,1869]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
2. Stamens&gt; 10—Africa &amp; 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC9FFC4FE3FE639FDDBF8F4" box="[458,574,1847,1869]" name="Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
........................................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC9FFC4FAD6E639FA4EF8F5" ID-CoL="8VYXT" authorityName="Pax" authorityYear="1909" box="[1315,1451,1847,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Lingelsheimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC9FFC4FAD6E639FA4EF8F5" box="[1315,1451,1847,1868]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Lingelsheimia</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC9FFC4FF7DE65AFA4EF8D0" box="[136,1451,1876,1897]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">2. Stamens 4–7........................................................................................................................................................................................3</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC9FFC4FF7DE683FA4EF806" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">3. Branching non-phyllanthoid (laminate leaves and flowers on all axes, branchlets not deciduous); staminate sepals 4‒7 (usually 5), stamens 4‒7, filaments free or fused for half of length; anther connectives non-apiculate; fruits capsules or baccate.....................4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC9FFC4FF7DE6C9FA4EF7AF" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
3. Branching phyllanthoid (leaves on main stem reduced to scales, = cataphylls, laminate leaves and flowers on lateral axes, lateral branchlets deciduous); staminate sepals 4, stamens 4, filaments connate, anther connectives apiculate; fruits capsules—Asia........ ............................................................................................................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC9FFC4FB12E90EFAB6F7AC" ID-CoL="8VXWH" authorityName="Forster &amp; Forster" authorityYear="1776" box="[1255,1363,2048,2069]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Glochidion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC9FFC4FB12E90EFAB6F7AC" box="[1255,1363,2048,2069]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Glochidion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC9FFC4FA94E90FFA46F7AF" authorityName="R. W. Bouman." authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="P. T. Li" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[1377,1443,2049,2070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Glochidion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moi">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC9FFC4FA94E90FFA46F7AF" box="[1377,1443,2049,2070]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">G. moi</emphasis>
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)
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<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE191FA4EFF0D" box="[136,1451,159,181]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
4. Petals absent; fruits with 2 seeds per locule; pollen exine verruculose—Pantropical .......................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FAA5E191FA4EFF0D" ID-CoL="8VXPW" authorityName=", Webster" authorityYear="1984" box="[1360,1451,159,180]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Flueggea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FAA5E191FA4EFF0D" box="[1360,1451,159,180]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Flueggea</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE1B2FA4FFF68" blockId="7.[136,1451,159,210]" box="[136,1450,188,210]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE1B2FA4FFF68" box="[136,1450,188,210]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
4. Petals present; fruits with 1 or 2 seeds per locule; pollen exine reticulate—West Indies ................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FAC3E1B2FA4FFF68" ID-CoL="8VY7Y" authorityName=", Hoffmann" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Urbach" baseAuthorityYear="1902" box="[1334,1450,188,209]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Heterosavia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FAC3E1B2FA4FFF68" box="[1334,1450,188,209]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Heterosavia</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE1FBFA4EFEB2" box="[136,1451,245,267]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">5. Disc absent (sepal scales may be present, these close flower when anthers are unripe, no glandular function) ...............................6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE01CFA4EFE9E" blockId="7.[136,1451,245,296]" box="[136,1451,274,296]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE01CFA4EFE9E" box="[136,1451,274,296]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">5. Disc / disc glands present .................................................................................................................................................................10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE042FA4EFE01" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE042FA4EFEC7" blockId="7.[136,1452,332,440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE042FA4EFEC7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
6. Inflorescences on specialized leafless axes; staminate sepals 4, stamens (2‒)3‒4(‒5), filaments free; fruits indehiscent, woody or drupaceous............................................................................................................................................subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FB1EE067FA4EFEC7" authority="section Cicca" box="[1259,1451,361,383]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Cicca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Cicca">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FB1EE067FAC6FEC7" box="[1259,1315,361,382]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cicca</emphasis>
section 
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FA86E067FA4EFEC7" box="[1395,1451,361,382]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cicca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE08BFA4EFE01" blockId="7.[136,1452,332,440]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE08BFA4EFE01" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">6. Inflorescences in axils of leaves to cauliflorous; staminate sepals usually 5 or 6, stamens 2‒15, filaments free or connate; fruits capsules...............................................................................................................................................................................................7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE0D2FA4EFDFE" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE0D2FA4EFDB7" blockId="7.[136,1452,476,584]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE0D2FA4EFDB7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">7. Staminate flowers without sepal scales; filaments free or connate, anther connectives sometimes apiculate; stigmas usually entire or erect and tightly together; ovary 3‒15-locular ...............................................................................................................................8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE318FA4EFDFE" blockId="7.[136,1452,476,584]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE318FA4EFDFE" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">7. Staminate flowers often with sepal scales; filaments connate, anther connectives not apiculate; stigmas usually bifid; ovary 3- locular.................................................................................................................................................................................................9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE362FA4EFD6E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE362FA4FFD27" blockId="7.[136,1452,620,728]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE362FA4FFD27" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
8. Staminate sepals spreading or united in a tubular shape; disc lobes present; filaments free; ovary 3‒5-locular— 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC8FFC5FB0CE362FAA2FD3B" box="[1273,1351,620,642]" name="Malaysia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Malesia</collectingCountry>
................ ............................................................................................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FB07E387FA4FFD27" ID-CoL="8WDY9" authorityName="S. Moore" authorityYear="1921" box="[1266,1450,649,670]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Dendrophyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FB07E387FA4FFD27" box="[1266,1450,649,670]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Dendrophyllanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE3A8FA4EFD6E" blockId="7.[136,1452,620,728]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE3A8FA4EFD6E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
8. Staminate sepals often recurved; disc absent; filaments tightly together (separating as flowers age); ovary 3‒15-locular— 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC8FFC5FAB9E3ABFA4DFD02" box="[1356,1448,677,699]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Australia</collectingCountry>
, mainland Asia, 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC8FFC5FE9CE3CCFE52FD61" box="[361,439,706,728]" name="Malaysia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Malesia</collectingCountry>
, Pacific ......................................................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FACAE3CCFA4EFD6E" ID-CoL="8VXWH" authorityName="Forster &amp; Forster" authorityYear="1776" box="[1343,1451,706,727]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Glochidion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FACAE3CCFA4EFD6E" box="[1343,1451,706,727]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Glochidion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE3F2FA4EFCF2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE3F2FA4EFCA8" blockId="7.[136,1451,764,843]" box="[136,1451,764,786]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE3F2FA4EFCA8" box="[136,1451,764,786]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
9. Sepal scales often present in staminate flowers; fruits wider than long; seeds smooth .......................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FA95E3F2FA4EFCA8" ID-CoL="8VVR5" authorityName="Forster &amp; Forster" authorityYear="1776" box="[1376,1451,764,785]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Breynia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FA95E3F2FA4EFCA8" box="[1376,1451,764,785]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Breynia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE217FA4EFCF2" blockId="7.[136,1451,764,843]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE217FA4EFCF2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
9. Sepal scales absent in staminate flowers (except in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FD4AE217FC4DFC97" ID-CoL="7B9T3" box="[703,936,793,814]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Synostemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacciformis">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FD4AE217FC4DFC97" box="[703,936,793,814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Synostemon bacciformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); fruits longer than wide; seeds sculptured................. ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FACDE238FA4EFCF2" ID-CoL="8WL9V" box="[1336,1451,822,843]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Synostemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FACDE238FA4EFCF2" box="[1336,1451,822,843]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Synostemon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE261FA4EFC07" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE261FA4EFC18" blockId="7.[136,1451,879,959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE261FA4EFC18" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">10. Branching non-phyllanthoid or sub-phyllanthoid (leaves at base of branchlets not reduced to scales (often in juveniles), lateral branchlets deciduous) .......................................................................................................................................................................11</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE2A7FA4EFC07" blockId="7.[136,1451,879,959]" box="[136,1451,937,959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE2A7FA4EFC07" box="[136,1451,937,959]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">10. Branching phyllanthoid ....................................................................................................................................................................19</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE2ECFA4EFBAD" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE2ECFA4EFC4E" blockId="7.[136,1451,994,1045]" box="[136,1451,994,1016]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE2ECFA4EFC4E" box="[136,1451,994,1016]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
11. Stamens&gt; 10—Africa &amp; 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC8FFC5FE3FE2ECFDDBFC41" box="[458,574,994,1016]" name="Madagascar" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
........................................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FAD6E2ECFA4EFC4E" ID-CoL="8VYXT" authorityName="Pax" authorityYear="1909" box="[1315,1451,994,1015]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Lingelsheimia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FAD6E2ECFA4EFC4E" box="[1315,1451,994,1015]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lingelsheimia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE2F1FA4EFBAD" blockId="7.[136,1451,994,1045]" box="[136,1451,1023,1045]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE2F1FA4EFBAD" box="[136,1451,1023,1045]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">11. Stamens 2‒5......................................................................................................................................................................................12</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE537FA4EFB3E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE537FA4EFBF7" blockId="7.[136,1452,1081,1160]" box="[136,1451,1081,1103]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE537FA4EFBF7" box="[136,1451,1081,1103]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
12. Sepals 4; staminate disc entire; stamens 4, filaments free; seeds with blue sarcotesta—Pantropical............................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FAD9E537FA4EFBF7" ID-CoL="8VZ63" authorityName=", Webster" authorityYear="1979" box="[1324,1451,1081,1102]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Margaritaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FAD9E537FA4EFBF7" box="[1324,1451,1081,1102]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Margaritaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE558FA4EFB3E" blockId="7.[136,1452,1081,1160]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE558FA4EFB3E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">12. Sepals 5 or 6 (rarely 4, but then with 2 stamens); staminate disc entire or segmented; stamens 2 or 3, filaments free or connate; seeds with no or whitish sarcotesta ..................................................................................................................................................13</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE5A2FA4EFB66" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE5A2FA4EFB78" blockId="7.[136,1451,1196,1247]" box="[136,1451,1196,1218]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE5A2FA4EFB78" box="[136,1451,1196,1218]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
13. Staminate disc entire (H-shaped in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FDD0E5A2FD33FB78" authorityName="R. W. Bouman." authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="A. Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[549,726,1196,1217]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Moeroris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FDD0E5A2FD33FB78" box="[549,726,1196,1217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Moeroris arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)...................................................................................................................14
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE5C7FA4EFB66" blockId="7.[136,1451,1196,1247]" box="[136,1451,1225,1247]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE5C7FA4EFB66" box="[136,1451,1225,1247]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">13. Staminate disc segmented into glands..............................................................................................................................................15</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE40CFA4EFAD7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE40CFA4FFAAE" blockId="7.[136,1452,1282,1391]" box="[136,1450,1282,1304]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE40CFA4FFAAE" box="[136,1450,1282,1304]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
14*. Sepals 
<quantity id="4C939B16FFC8FFC5FEE2E40CFED9FAA1" box="[279,316,1282,1304]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
both sexes; staminate disc urceolate; stamens 3, filaments connate—Asia........................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FAA0E40CFA4FFAAE" ID-CoL="924SV" authorityName="de Loureiro" authorityYear="1790" box="[1365,1450,1282,1303]" class="Insecta" family="Uraniidae" genus="Cathetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FAA0E40CFA4FFAAE" box="[1365,1450,1282,1303]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cathetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE411FA4EFA8D" blockId="7.[136,1452,1282,1391]" box="[136,1451,1311,1333]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE411FA4EFA8D" box="[136,1451,1311,1333]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
14*. Sepals 
<quantity id="4C939B16FFC8FFC5FEE2E411FED9FA8C" box="[279,316,1311,1333]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
both sexes; staminate disc not urceolate; stamens 2, filaments free—Africa............................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FAD9E411FA4EFA8D" ID-CoL="8W2GS" authorityName=", Brunel" authorityYear="1987" box="[1324,1451,1311,1332]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Plagiocladus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FAD9E411FA4EFA8D" box="[1324,1451,1311,1332]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Plagiocladus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE432FA4EFAD7" blockId="7.[136,1452,1282,1391]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE432FA4EFAD7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
14*. Sepals 
<quantity id="4C939B16FFC8FFC5FEE2E432FED9FAEB" box="[279,316,1340,1362]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
staminate flowers, 
<quantity id="4C939B16FFC8FFC5FE02E432FDF9FAEB" box="[503,540,1340,1362]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
pistillate flowers; staminate disc H-shaped around filaments; stamens 2, filaments free—North America .......................................................................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FB3CE457FAC4FAD7" ID-CoL="8WHSH" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1838" box="[1225,1313,1369,1390]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Moeroris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FB3CE457FAC4FAD7" box="[1225,1313,1369,1390]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Moeroris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FAC5E457FA46FAD7" authorityName="R. W. Bouman." authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="A. Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1328,1443,1369,1390]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Moeroris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FAC5E457FA46FAD7" box="[1328,1443,1369,1390]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">M. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE49CFA4EFA7C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE49CFA4EFA1E" blockId="7.[136,1451,1426,1477]" box="[136,1451,1426,1448]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE49CFA4EFA1E" box="[136,1451,1426,1448]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
15. Sepals 5; stamens 5, filaments free—Africa ............................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FC79E49CFC16FA1E" ID-CoL="8WGVY" box="[908,1011,1426,1447]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Kirganelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FC79E49CFC16FA1E" box="[908,1011,1426,1447]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Kirganelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FBACE49CFA4EFA1E" authorityName="R. W. Bouman" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="R. W. Bouman" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[1113,1451,1426,1448]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Kirganelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Pseudomenarda">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FBACE49CFB25FA1E" box="[1113,1216,1426,1447]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Kirganelia</emphasis>
section 
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FAE5E49CFA4EFA1E" box="[1296,1451,1426,1447]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pseudomenarda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE4A1FA4EFA7C" blockId="7.[136,1451,1426,1477]" box="[136,1451,1455,1477]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE4A1FA4EFA7C" box="[136,1451,1455,1477]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
15. Sepals 5 or 6; stamens usually 3 (rarely 2), filaments connate (free in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FC9AE4BEFB85FA7D" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1873" box="[879,1120,1455,1477]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Moeroris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rosmarinifolius">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FC9AE4BEFB85FA7D" box="[879,1120,1455,1477]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Moeroris rosmarinifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)—Africa to Asia.......................16
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE4E7FA4EF98E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE4E7FA4EF9A3" blockId="7.[136,1452,1513,1592]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE4E7FA4EF9A3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
16. Plagiotropic branchlets caducous,usually fascicled (non-phyllanthoid in section 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FC34E4E7FBCCFA47" box="[961,1065,1513,1534]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Botryanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Elutanthos">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FC34E4E7FBCCFA47" box="[961,1065,1513,1534]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Elutanthos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but then with paniculate inflorescences); fruits capsules or berries.................................................................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FACDE70BFA4EF9A3" ID-CoL="8VSF4" box="[1336,1451,1541,1562]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FACDE70BFA4EF9A3" box="[1336,1451,1541,1562]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Phyllanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE72CFA4EF98E" blockId="7.[136,1452,1513,1592]" box="[136,1451,1570,1592]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE72CFA4EF98E" box="[136,1451,1570,1592]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">16. Plagiotropic branchlets persistent; inflorescences axillary fascicles, never paniculate; fruits capsules ..........................................17</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE752FA4EF97E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE752FA4FF937" blockId="7.[136,1451,1628,1736]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE752FA4FF937" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
17. Leaves on all axes spirally arranged; filaments connate; pistillate disc consisting of free glands—(North America, Africa and Asia/ 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC8FFC5FF26E777FEC8F936" box="[211,301,1657,1679]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Australia</collectingCountry>
) .................................................................................................................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FA90E777FA4FF937" ID-CoL="8WHYQ" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1838" box="[1381,1450,1657,1678]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Nellica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FA90E777FA4FF937" box="[1381,1450,1657,1678]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Nellica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE798FA4EF97E" blockId="7.[136,1451,1628,1736]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE798FA4EF97E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
17. Leaves on all axes distichous (except at basal nodes in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FCF7E798FCDFF912" ID-CoL="8WDD7" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[770,826,1686,1707]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Cicca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FCF7E798FCDFF912" box="[770,826,1686,1707]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cicca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); filaments free or connate; pistillate disc mostly entire (when segmented then filaments mostly free and leaves always distichous)..............................................................................................18
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE7E2FA4EF8CD" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE7E2FA4EF8A7" blockId="7.[136,1451,1772,1909]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE7E2FA4EF8A7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
18*. Leaves distichous; pollen 4-colporate; seeds smooth or verrucate—Americas ................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FC6DE607FBEEF8A7" ID-CoL="8VSF4" box="[920,1035,1801,1822]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FC6DE607FBEEF8A7" box="[920,1035,1801,1822]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Phyllanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FB85E607FA4EF8A7" authorityName="G. L. Webster" authorityYear="1955" box="[1136,1451,1801,1823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Loxopodium">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FB85E607FB06F8A7" box="[1136,1251,1801,1822]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Phyllanthus</emphasis>
section 
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FAC6E607FA4EF8A7" box="[1331,1451,1801,1822]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Loxopodium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE628FA4EF882" blockId="7.[136,1451,1772,1909]" box="[136,1451,1829,1851]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE628FA4EF882" box="[136,1451,1829,1851]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
18*. Leaves distichous; pollen clypeate; seeds smooth or verrucate—Africa, Asia, 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC8FFC5FC4FE62BFBF7F882" box="[954,1042,1829,1851]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Australia</collectingCountry>
and Pacific... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FB6CE62BFB0BF883" ID-CoL="924SV" authorityName="de Loureiro" authorityYear="1790" box="[1177,1262,1829,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Uraniidae" genus="Cathetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FB6CE62BFB0BF883" box="[1177,1262,1829,1850]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cathetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgenus 
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FAA1E628FA4EF882" box="[1364,1451,1830,1851]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Macraea</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE64CFA4EF8CD" blockId="7.[136,1451,1772,1909]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE64CFA4EF8CD" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
18*. Leaves spiral at basal nodes, distichous at upper nodes; pollen grains perisyncolporate with median pores, colpi bordered by parallel muri; seeds smooth or striate— 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC8FFC5FDBBE651FD27F8CC" box="[590,706,1887,1909]" name="Madagascar" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC8FFC5FB58E651FB00F8CD" ID-CoL="8WDD7" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[1197,1253,1887,1908]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Cicca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FB58E651FB00F8CD" box="[1197,1253,1887,1908]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cicca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgenus 
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC8FFC5FABEE651FA4EF8CD" box="[1355,1451,1887,1908]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Betsileani</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE697FA4EF872" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE697FA4EF817" blockId="7.[136,1451,1945,1995]" box="[136,1451,1945,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE697FA4EF817" box="[136,1451,1945,1967]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">19. Herbs or subshrubs (small plants with woody base) ........................................................................................................................20</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE6B8FA4EF872" blockId="7.[136,1451,1945,1995]" box="[136,1451,1973,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE6B8FA4EF872" box="[136,1451,1973,1995]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">19. Shrubs to trees, rarely climbers ........................................................................................................................................................25</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC8FFC5FF7DE6E1FA4EF798" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE6E1FA4EF7BD" blockId="7.[136,1451,2031,2082]" box="[136,1451,2031,2053]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE6E1FA4EF7BD" box="[136,1451,2031,2053]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">20. Inflorescences unisexual...................................................................................................................................................................21</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC8FFC5FF7DE902FA4EF798" blockId="7.[136,1451,2031,2082]" box="[136,1451,2060,2082]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC8FFC5FF7DE902FA4EF798" box="[136,1451,2060,2082]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">20. Inflorescences bisexual.....................................................................................................................................................................24</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC7FFCAFF7DE191FA4EFEB2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE191FA4FFF68" blockId="8.[136,1451,159,267]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE191FA4FFF68" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
21. Pistillate inflorescences on proximal position and staminate inflorescences on distal position on plagiotropic branchlets; seeds transversely ribbed—ovary often covered with tubercles—pantropical, but origin Asia .......................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFB40E1B2FA4FFF68" box="[1205,1450,188,210]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Emblica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Urinaria">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFB40E1B2FAE0FF68" box="[1205,1285,188,209]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Emblica</emphasis>
section 
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFAA0E1B2FA4FFF68" box="[1365,1450,188,209]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Urinaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE1D7FA4EFEB2" blockId="8.[136,1451,159,267]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE1D7FA4EFEB2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">21. Pistillate inflorescences on distal position and staminate inflorescences on proximal position on plagiotropic branchlets; seeds smooth or longitudinally or transversely striate, but not ribbed ......................................................................................................22</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC7FFCAFF7DE021FA4EFED8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE021FA4EFEFD" blockId="8.[136,1451,303,354]" box="[136,1451,303,325]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE021FA4EFEFD" box="[136,1451,303,325]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
22. Cataphyllary stipules not auriculate .................................................................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFACDE021FA4EFEFD" ID-CoL="8VSF4" box="[1336,1451,303,324]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFACDE021FA4EFEFD" box="[1336,1451,303,324]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phyllanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE042FA4EFED8" blockId="8.[136,1451,303,354]" box="[136,1451,332,354]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE042FA4EFED8" box="[136,1451,332,354]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">22. Cataphyllary stipules (unilaterally) auriculate..................................................................................................................................23</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC7FFCAFF7DE088FA4EFE6D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE088FA4FFE22" blockId="8.[136,1451,389,469]" box="[136,1450,389,411]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE088FA4FFE22" box="[136,1450,389,411]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
23. Filaments connate, anthers free; seeds smooth or longitudinally striate—Africa................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFAA7E088FA4FFE22" ID-CoL="8WHSH" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1838" box="[1362,1450,390,411]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Moeroris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFAA7E088FA4FFE22" box="[1362,1450,390,411]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Moeroris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE0ACFA4EFE6D" blockId="8.[136,1451,389,469]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE0ACFA4EFE6D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
23. Filaments usually free, sometimes connate, anthers free or connate in a synandrium; seeds smooth, striate or verrucate—South America ............................................................................................................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFACDE0B1FA4EFE6D" ID-CoL="8VSF4" box="[1336,1451,447,468]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFACDE0B1FA4EFE6D" box="[1336,1451,447,468]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phyllanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC7FFCAFF7DE0F7FA4FFD03" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE0F7FA4EFD92" blockId="8.[136,1452,505,699]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE0F7FA4EFD92" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
24*. Stamens 3, filaments free, anthers dehiscing vertically; pistillate disc entire; pollen 3-syncolporate, exine reticulate; stigmas entire or emarginate; seeds smooth or with faintly striate— 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC7FFCAFD3BE31BFCC2FD92" box="[718,807,533,555]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Australia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC7FFCAFCC5E31BFC9BFD92" box="[816,894,533,555]" name="Malaysia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Malesia</collectingCountry>
, Pacific ................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFBCDE31BFA4EFD92" authorityName="R. W. Bouman" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="R. W. Bouman" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[1080,1451,533,555]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Dendrophyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Leptonema">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFBCDE31BFB15FD93" box="[1080,1264,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dendrophyllanthus</emphasis>
section 
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFAB5E318FA4EFD92" box="[1344,1451,534,555]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Leptonema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE33CFA4EFD38" blockId="8.[136,1452,505,699]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE33CFA4EFD38" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
24*. Stamens 2 or 3, filaments entirely or partially connate (free in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFCC5E33DFC46FDF1" authorityName="R. W. Bouman." authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="A. Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[816,931,563,584]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Moeroris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFCC5E33DFC46FDF1" box="[816,931,563,584]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">M. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), anthers dehiscing oblique to horizontally (vertically in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFF1EE35EFEBBFDDC" authorityName="R. W. Bouman." authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="A. Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[235,350,592,613]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Moeroris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFF1EE35EFEBBFDDC" box="[235,350,592,613]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">M. arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); pistillate disc entire; pollen 3-colporate, exine reticulate; seeds smooth or longitudinally striate—North America, pantropical invasive............................................................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFB73E362FB3BFD38" ID-CoL="8WHSH" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1838" box="[1158,1246,620,641]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Moeroris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFB73E362FB3BFD38" box="[1158,1246,620,641]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Moeroris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFAB1E362FA4EFD38" authorityName="Ralimanana &amp; Hoffmann" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="G. L. Webster" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[1348,1451,620,641]" genus="Swartziani" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFAB1E362FA4EFD38" box="[1348,1451,620,641]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Swartziani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE387FA4FFD03" blockId="8.[136,1452,505,699]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE387FA4FFD03" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
24*. Stamens 3, filaments free, anthers dehiscing horizontally; pistillate disc segmented; pollen grains brevicolporate and diorate or porate, exine pilate; seeds verruculose—South America ....................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFC2CE3ABFBA9FD03" ID-CoL="8VSF4" box="[985,1100,677,698]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFC2CE3ABFBA9FD03" box="[985,1100,677,698]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phyllanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFB44E3A8FA4FFD03" baseAuthorityName="Webster &amp; Carpenter" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[1201,1450,677,699]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Conami" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Apolepsis">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFB44E3A8FB18FD02" box="[1201,1277,678,699]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Conami</emphasis>
section 
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFAB8E3ABFA4FFD03" box="[1357,1450,677,698]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Apolepsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC7FFCAFF7DE3D1FA4EFCF2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE3D1FA4EFCAB" blockId="8.[136,1452,735,843]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE3D1FA4EFCAB" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
25. Sepals 
<quantity id="4C939B16FFC7FFCAFEE3E3D1FEDCFD4C" box="[278,313,735,757]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
staminate flowers; stamens 2, filaments connate, anthers dehiscing horizontally (
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFBC2E3D1FB5EFD4D" ID-CoL="8WJ6Z" authorityName="de Loureiro" authorityYear="1790" box="[1079,1211,735,756]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Nymphanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFBC2E3D1FB5EFD4D" box="[1079,1211,735,756]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nymphanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFB2DE3D1FA46FD4D" ID-CoL="6VF9J" box="[1240,1443,735,756]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chryseus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFB2DE3D1FA46FD4D" box="[1240,1443,735,756]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phyllanthus chryseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or vertically (
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFEA0E3F2FD72FCA8" box="[341,663,764,786]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Thamnocaris">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFEA0E3F2FE2DFCA8" box="[341,456,764,785]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phyllanthus</emphasis>
section 
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFDEDE3F2FD72FCA8" box="[536,663,764,785]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Thamnocaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)—pollen pantoporate or clypeate.........................................................................26
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE216FA4EFCF2" blockId="8.[136,1452,735,843]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE216FA4EFCF2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
25. Sepals 5 or 
<quantity id="4C939B16FFC7FFCAFEB6E217FE8DFC96" box="[323,360,793,815]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
staminate flowers (
<quantity id="4C939B16FFC7FFCAFDD0E217FDAFFC96" box="[549,586,793,815]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFDA5E217FD26FC97" ID-CoL="5YSRX" box="[592,707,793,814]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Cicca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acida">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFDA5E217FD26FC97" box="[592,707,793,814]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cicca acida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but then stamens 4, filaments free); stamens 3–15, filaments free or connate, anthers dehiscing mostly vertically, sometimes horizontally ...........................................................................................................27
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC7FFCAFF7DE261FA4EFC63" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE261FA4EFC18" blockId="8.[136,1451,879,987]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE261FA4EFC18" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
26. Inflorescences mostly unisexual; staminate disc segmented; anthers dehiscing horizontally (except in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFB54E27EFB17FC3D" ID-CoL="486HV" authorityName="de Loureiro" authorityYear="1790" box="[1185,1266,879,901]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Nymphanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ruber">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFB54E27EFB17FC3D" box="[1185,1266,879,901]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">N. ruber</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&amp; 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFAE4E27EFA78FC3C" authorityName="R. W. Bouman" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Beille" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[1297,1437,880,901]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Nymphanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="touranensis">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFAE4E27EFA78FC3C" box="[1297,1437,880,901]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">N. touranensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); pollen pantoporate—Asia............................................................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFAD2E282FA4EFC18" ID-CoL="8WJ6Z" authorityName="de Loureiro" authorityYear="1790" box="[1319,1451,908,929]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Nymphanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFAD2E282FA4EFC18" box="[1319,1451,908,929]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nymphanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE2A7FA4EFC63" blockId="8.[136,1451,879,987]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE2A7FA4EFC63" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
26. Inflorescences unisexual (
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFE3EE2A7FDD3FC07" ID-CoL="6VF9J" box="[459,566,937,958]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chryseus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFE3EE2A7FDD3FC07" box="[459,566,937,958]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. chryseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or bisexual; staminate disc entire (
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFC7CE2A7FC16FC07" ID-CoL="6VF9J" box="[905,1011,937,958]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chryseus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFC7CE2A7FC16FC07" box="[905,1011,937,958]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. chryseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or segmented; anthers dehiscing horizontally (
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFF2EE2C8FEA3FC63" ID-CoL="6VF9J" box="[219,326,965,987]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chryseus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFF2EE2C8FEA3FC63" box="[219,326,965,987]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. chryseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or vertically (
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFE22E2C8FE0FFC62" box="[471,490,966,987]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P.</emphasis>
section 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFDCDE2CBFD52FC63" box="[568,695,965,986]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Thamnocaris">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFDCDE2CBFD52FC63" box="[568,695,965,986]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Thamnocaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); pollen clypeate—South America................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFACDE2CBFA4EFC63" ID-CoL="8VSF4" box="[1336,1451,965,986]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFACDE2CBFA4EFC63" box="[1336,1451,965,986]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phyllanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC7FFCAFF7DE2F1FA4EFBD2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE2F1FA4EFB88" blockId="8.[136,1452,1023,1131]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE2F1FA4EFB88" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
27. Filaments fused in sets, rarely free (
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFDC9E50EFD79FBAD" box="[572,668,1023,1045]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Kirganelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFDC9E50EFD79FBAD" box="[572,668,1023,1045]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">K. glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&amp; 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFD34E50EFCD5FBAD" authorityName="R. W. Bouman." authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Siebold &amp; Zuccarini" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[705,816,1023,1045]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Kirganelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFD34E50EFCD5FBAD" box="[705,816,1023,1045]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">K. flexuosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), stamens 2 (
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFC4FE50EFBCDFBAD" authorityName="R. W. Bouman." authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Siebold &amp; Zuccarini" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[954,1064,1023,1045]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Kirganelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFC4FE50EFBCDFBAD" box="[954,1064,1023,1045]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">K. flexuosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or 5, connectives not apiculate; fruits baccate—Africa to 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC7FFCAFE78E512FE00FB8B" box="[397,485,1052,1074]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Australia</collectingCountry>
.............................................................................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFAB1E512FA4EFB88" ID-CoL="8WGVY" box="[1348,1451,1052,1073]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Kirganelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFAB1E512FA4EFB88" box="[1348,1451,1052,1073]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Kirganelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE537FA4EFBD2" blockId="8.[136,1452,1023,1131]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE537FA4EFBD2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">27. Filaments never in sets, free or connate, stamens 3‒20, connectives sometimes apiculate; fruits capsules or baccate (then with 3 connate stamens) ..............................................................................................................................................................................28</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC7FFCAFF7DE581FA4EFAAE" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE581FA4EFB67" blockId="8.[136,1452,1167,1304]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE581FA4EFB67" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
28. Plagiotropic branchlets sometimes differentiated in vegetative (with larger leaves) and floriferous (with smaller leaves) branchlets, pinnatiform; stamens 3, filaments connate, anthers dehiscing vertically, connectives apiculate; pistillate disc segmented—Asia &amp; Pacific................................................................................................................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFACAE5C7FA4EFB67" ID-CoL="8VXWH" authorityName="Forster &amp; Forster" authorityYear="1776" box="[1343,1451,1225,1246]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Glochidion" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFACAE5C7FA4EFB67" box="[1343,1451,1225,1246]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Glochidion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE5E8FA4EFAAE" blockId="8.[136,1452,1167,1304]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE5E8FA4EFAAE" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">28. Plagiotropic branchlets not differentiated and all with leaves of similar size (or unifoliate), sometimes bipinnatiform; stamens 3–20, filaments connate or free, anthers dehiscing horizontally to vertically, connectives apiculate or not; pistillate disc entire..29</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC7FFCAFF7DE432FA4EFA7D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE432FA4EFA32" blockId="8.[136,1452,1340,1477]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE432FA4EFA32" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
29. Branchlets (bi-)pinnatiform; sepals often biseriate (inner whorl much longer); staminate disc often of 3 massive emarginate (or 5 separate) segments to absent, stamens may be inserted on a wide receptaculum; stamens usually 3 or 5 (up to 
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Pacific species); stigmas mostly entire, rarely bifid—pollen 3–(syn-)colporate.........................................................................................................30
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE49CFA4EFA7D" blockId="8.[136,1452,1340,1477]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE49CFA4EFA7D" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
29. Branchlets pinnatiform; sepal whorls indistinct; staminate disc segmented or entire; stamens 2–7(– 
<quantity id="4C939B16FFC7FFCAFB71E49CFB56FA11" box="[1156,1203,1426,1448]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="15.0">15 in</quantity>
species of South America and West Indies) stigmas usually bifid or lacerate ...........................................................................................................................31
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC7FFCAFF7DE4E7FA4EF912" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE4E7FA4FF98E" blockId="8.[136,1451,1512,1707]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE4E7FA4FF98E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
30. Inflorescences fascicles or panicles; sepals 5 or 6, filaments free or connate, anthers dehiscing vertically to obliquely, connectives usually apiculate; pollen 3- or 4-syncolporate, exine rugulose-reticulate, vermiculate, pilate or ± vermiculate—Calyx in fruit sometimes saccate— 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC7FFCAFE6BE72CFE0EF981" box="[414,491,1570,1592]" name="Malaysia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Malesia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F37C7663FFC7FFCAFE06E72CFDA8F981" box="[499,589,1570,1592]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Australia</collectingCountry>
, Pacific ................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFB07E72CFA4FF98E" ID-CoL="8WDY9" authorityName="S. Moore" authorityYear="1921" box="[1266,1450,1570,1591]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Dendrophyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFB07E72CFA4FF98E" box="[1266,1450,1570,1591]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dendrophyllanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE731FA4EF912" blockId="8.[136,1451,1512,1707]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE731FA4EF912" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
30. Inflorescences fascicles; sepals 6 (
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFDBDE74EFD32F9ED" ID-CoL="4H4PN" box="[584,727,1599,1621]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuerckheimii">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFDBDE74EFD32F9ED" box="[584,727,1599,1621]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. tuerckheimii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), filaments connate (free in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFC12E74EFB93F9ED" ID-CoL="4H4PN" box="[999,1142,1599,1621]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuerckheimii">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFC12E74EFB93F9ED" box="[999,1142,1599,1621]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. tuerckheimii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), anthers dehiscing horizontally (vertically in in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFE9AE753FE1BF9C8" ID-CoL="4H4PN" box="[367,510,1628,1650]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuerckheimii">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFE9AE753FE1BF9C8" box="[367,510,1628,1650]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. tuerckheimii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), connectives rarely elongated; pollen diverse, often 3-colporate or porate with diorate colpi (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B02FFC7FFCAFF26E777FE3DF936" author="Webster, G. L. &amp; Carpenter, K. J." box="[211,472,1657,1679]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="325 - 338" refId="ref85047" refString="Webster, G. L. &amp; Carpenter, K. J. (2002) Pollen morphology and phylogenetic relationships in neotropical Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 138: 325 - 338. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1095 - 8339.2002.00009. x" type="journal article" year="2002">Webster &amp; Carpenter 2002</bibRefCitation>
), exine vermiculate to pilate—Fruits conspicuously veined—South and Central America..................... ................................................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFC1EE79BFBBBF913" ID-CoL="8VSF4" box="[1003,1118,1685,1706]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFC1EE79BFBBBF913" box="[1003,1118,1685,1706]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phyllanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFB36E798FA4EF912" authority="section Conami" box="[1219,1451,1685,1707]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Conami" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Conami">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFB36E798FAEAF912" box="[1219,1295,1686,1707]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Conami</emphasis>
section 
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFAAAE798FA4EF912" box="[1375,1451,1686,1707]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Conami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="309F2E56FFC7FFCAFF7DE7C1FA4EF828" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE7C1FA4EF8B8" blockId="8.[136,1452,1743,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE7C1FA4EF8B8" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
31*. Branchlets never transformed to phylloclades; sepals 6; staminate disc segmented; stamens 3, filaments connate, anthers dehiscing vertically, connectives often apiculate; fruits capsules (drupe in 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFCC2E7E3FC57F8B8" ID-CoL="39G5G" authorityName="Gaertner" authorityYear="1791" box="[823,946,1772,1794]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Emblica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinalis">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFCC2E7E3FC57F8B8" box="[823,946,1772,1794]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">E. officinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)—Asia......................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFAAEE7E2FA4EF8B8" ID-CoL="8WFGT" authorityName="Gaertner" authorityYear="1790" box="[1371,1451,1772,1793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Emblica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFAAEE7E2FA4EF8B8" box="[1371,1451,1772,1793]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Emblica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE607FA4FF882" blockId="8.[136,1452,1743,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE607FA4FF882" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
31*. Branchlets never transformed to phylloclades; sepals 5 or 6; staminate disc segmented; stamens 3, filaments connate, anthers dehiscing mostly horizontally to obliquely, connectives rarely apiculate; fruits capsules—mainly Africa.......................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFAA7E628FA4FF882" ID-CoL="8WHSH" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1838" box="[1362,1450,1830,1851]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Moeroris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFAA7E628FA4FF882" box="[1362,1450,1830,1851]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Moeroris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD436F3FFC7FFCAFF7DE64CFA4EF828" blockId="8.[136,1452,1743,1938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="309A95C6FFC7FFCAFF7DE64CFA4EF828" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
31*. Branchlets sometimes transformed to phylloclades; sepals 4‒8; staminate disc mostly segmented, sometimes entire; stamens 3‒15, filaments free or fused, sometimes fused in several whorls, anthers dehiscing horizontally to vertically, connectives sometimes apiculate; fruits capsules or berries—Americas............................................................................................................… 
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D70FFC7FFCAFACDE672FA4EF828" ID-CoL="8VSF4" box="[1336,1451,1916,1937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Phyllanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91FEAE1FFC7FFCAFACDE672FA4EF828" box="[1336,1451,1916,1937]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phyllanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>