283 lines
36 KiB
XML
283 lines
36 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0153AEA40B3DF9998BECA012819DEE9E">Cryptic diversity in the Azorean beetle genus Tarphius Erichson, 1845 (Coleoptera: Zopheridae): An integrative taxonomic approach with description of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="537CBFF15C92C83D059A27B9DC257FC2">Borges, Paulo A. V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B9791C25C9B934DF1D86F964B1F12A80">Amorim, Isabel R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="789A9DD36CE3FBFA10387A66137DE41C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9D561B5EFB8628E403C6F7F616697C90">Terzopoulou, Sofia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="BB9F66129246EE473B792CD2E8182ACA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FFDB729D584813EB06CAE88E6A66798B">Rigal, François</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1EC2E3152250B52D2AA78C67A0D45FE6">Emerson, Brent C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1BE4566CFF6E99CDD16DF7CE7C5072E8">Serrano, Artur R. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2570E80E6978D03CF477A60045CF49AA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5239EA781930E6250383222A19A5D995">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9F195B7487C7508C6EC0CA1D7C3C230C">4236</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7B5EFE60DA45046871F9687026303AF9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4236.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C287C3C52ADB05FF4CF9AEDF66091F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5697944" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127709853" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5697944" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C287C3C52ADB05FF4CF9AEDF66091F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C287C3C52ADB05FF4CF9AEDF66091F" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="423" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">
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<subSubSection id="C371655EC52ADB07FF4CF9AEDBC909B8" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD436D5C52ADB07FF4CF9AED833095B" blockId="20.[151,771,1611,1670]" box="[151,771,1611,1637]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">
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<heading id="D09C81B9C52ADB07FF4CF9AED833095B" bold="true" box="[151,771,1611,1637]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52ADB07FF4CF9AED833095B" bold="true" box="[151,771,1611,1637]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C52ADB07FF4CF9AED956095B" authority="Borges & Serrano" authorityName="Borges & Serrano" box="[151,614,1611,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Tarphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gabrielae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52ADB07FF4CF9AEDA4A095B" bold="true" box="[151,378,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">Tarphius gabrielae</emphasis>
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Borges & Serrano
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C57BCC52ADB07FDA8F9AED833095B" box="[627,771,1611,1637]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD436D5C52ADB07FF4CF988DBC909B8" blockId="20.[151,771,1611,1670]" box="[151,249,1645,1670]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13502A50C52ADB07FF44F988DBC009B8" box="[159,240,1645,1670]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[220,1373,262,1963]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,2003]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 13. Habitus of Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov.. Scale 0.5 mm (Photo: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322243/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C371655EC52ADB07FF4CF955D834081C" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD436D5C52ADB07FF4CF955D9FD09F8" blockId="20.[151,774,1712,1826]" box="[151,717,1712,1734]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C52ADB07FF4CF955D92E09F8" authority="in Gillerfors" authorityName="in Gillerfors" authorityYear="1986" box="[151,542,1712,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Tarphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azoricus">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52ADB07FF4CF955DA7C09F8" box="[151,332,1712,1734]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">Tarphius azoricus</emphasis>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B24C52ADB07FEB7F955D92E09F8" author="Gillerfors" box="[364,542,1712,1734]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" refString="Gillerfors, G. (1986 a) Two new species of Tarphius Erichson (Coleoptera, Colydiidae) and a new species of Mniophilosoma Wollaston (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) from the Azores. Bocagiana, 98, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1986" yearSuffix="a">Gillerfors (1986a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 21) (Pico Isl.)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD436D5C52ADB07FF4CF92BD834081C" blockId="20.[151,774,1712,1826]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C52ADB07FF4CF92BD97A09DA" authority="in Borges et al." authorityName="in Borges et al." authorityYear="2005" box="[151,586,1742,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Tarphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52ADB07FF4CF92BDA6909DA" box="[151,345,1742,1764]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">Tarphius depressus</emphasis>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B24C52ADB07FEA1F92AD97A09DA" author="Borges" box="[378,586,1742,1765]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" refString="Borges, P. A. V., Vieira, V., Dinis, F., Jarroca, S., Aguiar, C., Amaral, J., Aarvik, L., Ashmole, P., Ashmole, M., Amorim, I. R., Andre, G., Argente, M. C., Arraiol, A., Cabrera, A., Diaz, S., Enghoff, H., Gaspar, C., Mendonca, E. P., Gisbert, H. M., Goncalves, P., Lopes, D. H., Melo, C., Mota, J. A., Oliveira, O., Oromi, P., Pereira, F., Pombo, D. T., Quartau, J. A., Ribeiro, S. P., Rodrigues, A. C., Santos, A. M. C., Serrano, A. R. M., Simoes, A. M., Soares, A. O., Sousa, A. B., Vieira, L., Vitorino, A. & Wunderlich, J. (2005 b) List of arthropods (Arthropoda) In: Borges, P. A. V., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Martins, A. M. F., Silva, L. & Vieira, V. (Eds.), A list of the terrestrial fauna (Mollusca and Arthropoda) and flora (Bryophyta, Pteridophyta and Spermatophyta) from the Azores. Direccao Regional de Ambiente and Universidade dos Acores, Horta, Angra do Heroismo and Ponta Delgada, pp. 163 - 221." type="book chapter" year="2005" yearSuffix="b">
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Borges
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52ADB07FE1CF935DACA09DA" box="[455,506,1742,1765]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">et al.</emphasis>
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(2005b
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 207) (Pico Isl.)
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C52ADB07FF4CF908D908083D" authority="in Oromi et al." authorityName="in Oromi et al." authorityYear="2010" box="[151,568,1773,1795]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Tarphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52ADB07FF4CF908DA69083D" box="[151,345,1773,1795]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">Tarphius depressus</emphasis>
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B24C52ADB07FEA1F908D908083D" author="Oromi" box="[378,568,1773,1795]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" refString="Oromi, P., Serrano, A. R. M. & Borges, P. A. V. (2010) Coleoptera (Coordination) In: Borges, P. A. V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Goncalves, V., Martins, A. F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R. S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. & Vieira, V. (Eds.), A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Principia, Cascais, pp. 222 - 232. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / molbev / msn 083" type="book chapter" year="2010">
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Oromí
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52ADB07FE19F90BDADF083D" box="[450,495,1773,1795]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">et al</emphasis>
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. (2010
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 232) (Pico Isl.)
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C52ADB07FF4CF8E9D939081C" authority="in Amorim et al." authorityName="in Amorim et al." box="[151,521,1804,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Tarphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52ADB07FF4CF8E9DA69081C" box="[151,345,1804,1826]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">Tarphius depressus</emphasis>
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in Amorim
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52ADB07FE0EF8E8D939081C" box="[469,521,1804,1826]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">et al.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(2012,
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<figureCitation id="13502A50C52ADB07FD8DF8E9D9A1081C" box="[598,657,1804,1826]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1679,1701]" captionTargetBox="[163,1436,229,1622]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,217,1629]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bayesian inference tree for Tarphius beetles of the Azores based on 915 bp of nuclear DNA (Elongation Factor 1 alpha). Clade credibility values are shown for nodes with a posteror probability ± 0.95." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322233/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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) (Pico Isl.)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C371655EC52ADB07FF4CF8ACDBD608CC" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436D5C52ADB07FF4CF8ACD82E085C" blockId="20.[151,1436,1865,2034]" box="[151,798,1865,1890]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B033C88C52ADB07FF4CF8ACD82E085C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1437079327" box="[151,798,1865,1890]" country="Iceland" location="Azores" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Azores" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52ADB07FF4CF8ACDA05085C" bold="true" box="[151,309,1865,1890]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">
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<typeStatus id="54D08877C52ADB07FF4CF8ACDBE2085C" box="[151,210,1865,1890]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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The
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<collectingRegion id="49AFF837C52ADB07FEB5F8AFDAF0085C" box="[366,448,1866,1890]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">Azores</collectingRegion>
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, Pico
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<collectingCountry id="F37C7645C52ADB07FDDEF8ACD97C085C" box="[517,588,1865,1890]" name="Iceland" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">Island</collectingCountry>
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, Lagoa do Caiado.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD436D5C52ADB07FF1CF888DBD608CC" blockId="20.[151,1436,1865,2034]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">
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||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52ADB07FF1CF888DA4708B8" bold="true" box="[199,375,1901,1926]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421">Type material.</emphasis>
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HOLOTYPE, male, deposited at DTPC, labeled: Lagoa do Caiado,
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<date id="FFD51015C52ADB07FB54F88BDE2108B8" box="[1167,1297,1902,1926]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" value="2003-08-18">18/08/2003</date>
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, (UTM 26S 390266, 4257172) (António Machado leg.). PARATYPES, Lagoa do Caiado,
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<date id="FFD51015C52ADB07FBEEF877DF840894" box="[1077,1204,1938,1962]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" value="2003-08-18">18/08/2003</date>
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||
(7 exx); Lagoa do Caiado,
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<date id="FFD51015C52ADB07FF2FF853DA5308F0" box="[244,355,1974,1998]" pageId="20" pageNumber="421" value="2009-08">VIII.2009</date>
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(2 exx), (UTM 26S 390 266, 4257172), (Fernando Pereira leg.). Deposited at FCULC, SNM and DTPC.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF14665DC52BDB06FF4CF857DF4908F6" box="[151,1145,1970,1992]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322243/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" targetBox="[220,1373,262,1963]" targetPageId="21">
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<paragraph id="8BD436D5C52BDB06FF4CF857DF4908F6" blockId="21.[151,1145,1970,1992]" box="[151,1145,1970,1992]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52BDB06FF4CF857DA2F08F9" bold="true" box="[151,287,1970,1992]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
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Habitus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C52BDB06FE4DF857D96608F6" box="[406,598,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Tarphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gabrielae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52BDB06FE4DF857D96608F6" box="[406,598,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Tarphius gabrielae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C52BDB06FD86F856D99D08F6" bold="true" box="[605,685,1971,1992]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22C57BCC52BDB06FD86F856D99D08F6" box="[605,685,1971,1992]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Scale 0.5 mm (Photo: Erno-Endre Gergely).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C371655EC528DB05FF1CFF72D9720FEB" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436D5C528DB05FF1CFF72D9720FEB" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1570]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FF1CFF72DA7E0F8E" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name refers to the bryologist and naturalist
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C528DB05FCADFF72DF040F8E" authority="Gabriel" authorityName="Gabriel" box="[886,1076,151,176]" class="Globothalamea" family="Rosalinidae" genus="Rosalina" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">Rosalina Gabriel</taxonomicName>
|
||
in honor of her important work in the study of Azorean native forests.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C371655EC528DB05FF1CFF3AD9D30E93" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436D5C528DB05FF1CFF3AD9D30E93" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1570]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FF1CFF3ADA830FC6" bold="true" box="[199,435,223,248]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
Diagnosis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A50C528DB05FE96FF3ADA940FC6" box="[333,420,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[220,1373,262,1963]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,193,2003]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 13. Habitus of Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov.. Scale 0.5 mm (Photo: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322243/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Medium to large species (
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B30C528DB05FD36FF3AD8A80FC9" box="[749,920,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.94" metricValueMax="4.64" metricValueMin="3.24" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="3.94" valueMax="4.64" valueMin="3.24">3.24–4.64 mm</quantity>
|
||
; mean: 3.72±
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B30C528DB05FBEDFF05DF920FC6" box="[1078,1186,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="0.39">0.39 mm</quantity>
|
||
); body dorsal surface uniform reddish to reddish-brown, antennae, mouth-parts and legs reddish; body arched (convex); lateral margins of pronotum clearly arcuate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A50C528DB05FE3EFEC2D9190E7E" box="[485,553,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[174,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Details on the number of seta on the external row of the lateral margin of pronotum in the complex “ azoricuswollastoni-depressus ”: T. azoricus (restricted to São Miguel and Flores) (A); Tarphius wollastoni (restricted to Faial) (B); Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov. (restricted to Pico) (C); Tarphius floresensis sp. nov. (restricted to Flores) (D); and T. depressus (restricted to S. Maria) (E). Scales 0.25 mm (Photos: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322237/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
C) in contrast with a more straight latera-posterior sides in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C528DB05FB09FECCDE6D0E7E" box="[1234,1373,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Tarphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FB09FECCDE6D0E7E" box="[1234,1373,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">T. depressus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A50C528DB05FAB5FEC2DB950E5B" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[174,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Details on the number of seta on the external row of the lateral margin of pronotum in the complex “ azoricuswollastoni-depressus ”: T. azoricus (restricted to São Miguel and Flores) (A); Tarphius wollastoni (restricted to Faial) (B); Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov. (restricted to Pico) (C); Tarphius floresensis sp. nov. (restricted to Flores) (D); and T. depressus (restricted to S. Maria) (E). Scales 0.25 mm (Photos: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322237/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
E) small and narrower than elytra, transverse. On average 1.39 times as broad as long (1.35x and 1.42x), disc with dense, medium rounded granules, each one with a yellowish medium, obtuse, semi-erect rigid seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A50C528DB05FB2BFE8ADE020EB6" box="[1264,1330,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1050,1072]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1028]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1028]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Details of setae in elytra for the species in of the complex “ azoricus-wollastoni-depressus ”: T. azoricus (restricted to São Miguel and Flores) (A); Tarphius wollastoni (restricted to Faial) (B); Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov. (restricted to Pico) (C); and Tarphius floresensis sp. nov. (restricted to Flores) (D). Scale 0.1 mm (Photos: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322236/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C); width ratio pronotum/ elytra 0.95±0.15 (see Appendix S6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C371655EC528DB05FF1CFE52DF66091F" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436D5C528DB05FF1CFE52D80B0D26" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1570]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FF1CFE52DA690EEE" bold="true" box="[199,345,439,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body length of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D08877C528DB05FDD7FE52D9420EEE" box="[524,626,439,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B30C528DB05FDA7FE52D9D20EF1" box="[636,738,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.50 mm</quantity>
|
||
; medium to large size (length
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B30C528DB05FBEBFE52DFE50EF1" box="[1072,1237,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.94" metricValueMax="4.64" metricValueMin="3.24" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="3.94" valueMax="4.64" valueMin="3.24">3.24–4.64 mm</quantity>
|
||
; mean: 3.72±
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B30C528DB05FAB1FE5DDBF70ECA" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="0.39">0.39 mm</quantity>
|
||
); width
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B30C528DB05FEFEFE39DABB0ECA" box="[293,395,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.61" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="1.61">1.61 mm</quantity>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B30C528DB05FE42FE39DACE0ECA" box="[409,510,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean: 1.82±
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B30C528DB05FD46FE39D8380ECA" box="[669,776,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
|
||
), body convex and subquadrate-ovate, reddish or reddishbrown, setose, with rigid obtuse setae and medium granules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436D5C528DB05FF1CFDC1DBD00C2B" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1570]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FF1CFDC1DA370D03" bold="true" box="[199,263,548,573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Genae parallel; anterior clypeal margin straight; vertices protrude under the anterior margin of pronotum; surface brown or reddish brown, lighter in clypeus, with dense medium granules, except in clypeus which is more or less smooth, each one with one semi-erect fine hair-like seta slightly directed anteriorly; eyes clearly protruding, glabrous; antennae with segment II shorter than III, segment III longer than IV, V a little shorter than IV, VI shorter than V, segments VI–VIII as long as wide, compact club 2-segmented (segments X and XI); mouth-parts with mandibles brown, the other pieces lighter showing the general morphological pattern of the genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436D5C528DB05FF1CFCFAD80C0B46" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1570]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FF1CFCFADA700C06" bold="true" box="[199,320,799,824]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Pronotum</emphasis>
|
||
: Transverse, on average 1.39 times as broad as long, little variable (1.35x to 1.42x); surface reddish-brown to reddish, widened in the middle; anterior margin deeply bisinuate, anterior angles strongly protrude and acuminate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A50C528DB05FE6CFC83DACE0C41" box="[439,510,870,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[174,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Details on the number of seta on the external row of the lateral margin of pronotum in the complex “ azoricuswollastoni-depressus ”: T. azoricus (restricted to São Miguel and Flores) (A); Tarphius wollastoni (restricted to Faial) (B); Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov. (restricted to Pico) (C); Tarphius floresensis sp. nov. (restricted to Flores) (D); and T. depressus (restricted to S. Maria) (E). Scales 0.25 mm (Photos: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322237/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
C); hind margin largely bisinuate, in middle broadly produced rearwards; lateral margins arcuate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A50C528DB05FE8DFC6FDAA90C9D" box="[342,409,906,931]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[174,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Details on the number of seta on the external row of the lateral margin of pronotum in the complex “ azoricuswollastoni-depressus ”: T. azoricus (restricted to São Miguel and Flores) (A); Tarphius wollastoni (restricted to Faial) (B); Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov. (restricted to Pico) (C); Tarphius floresensis sp. nov. (restricted to Flores) (D); and T. depressus (restricted to S. Maria) (E). Scales 0.25 mm (Photos: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322237/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
C), contrasting with straight lateral sides in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C528DB05FCA5FC6EDF360C9D" box="[894,1030,906,931]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Tarphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FCA5FC6EDF360C9D" box="[894,1030,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">T. depressus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A50C528DB05FBCEFC6FDF670C9D" box="[1045,1111,906,931]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[174,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Details on the number of seta on the external row of the lateral margin of pronotum in the complex “ azoricuswollastoni-depressus ”: T. azoricus (restricted to São Miguel and Flores) (A); Tarphius wollastoni (restricted to Faial) (B); Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov. (restricted to Pico) (C); Tarphius floresensis sp. nov. (restricted to Flores) (D); and T. depressus (restricted to S. Maria) (E). Scales 0.25 mm (Photos: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322237/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
E) with two irregular rows of medium, semi-erected obtuse setae (30–32 each one) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A50C528DB05FCD6FC48D8630CF8" box="[781,851,941,966]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[174,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Details on the number of seta on the external row of the lateral margin of pronotum in the complex “ azoricuswollastoni-depressus ”: T. azoricus (restricted to São Miguel and Flores) (A); Tarphius wollastoni (restricted to Faial) (B); Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov. (restricted to Pico) (C); Tarphius floresensis sp. nov. (restricted to Flores) (D); and T. depressus (restricted to S. Maria) (E). Scales 0.25 mm (Photos: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322237/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
C), slightly sinuate just before the posterior angles which are prominent; disc with a clear median longitudinal sulcus, half medium latera-posterior region with a slight nodule; a distinct transverse channel just before the extreme base between the two lateral notches; lateral surface variable in terms of flatness; dorsal upper surface with uniformly dense distinct medium rounded granules, each one with one rigid semi-erect obtuse yellowish seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A50C528DB05FD30FBDED81F0B6A" box="[747,815,1083,1108]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[174,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Details on the number of seta on the external row of the lateral margin of pronotum in the complex “ azoricuswollastoni-depressus ”: T. azoricus (restricted to São Miguel and Flores) (A); Tarphius wollastoni (restricted to Faial) (B); Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov. (restricted to Pico) (C); Tarphius floresensis sp. nov. (restricted to Flores) (D); and T. depressus (restricted to S. Maria) (E). Scales 0.25 mm (Photos: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322237/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
C); ratios width pronotum/width elytra 0.95 +0.15 and length pronotum/length elytra 0.60+0.02 (see Appendix S6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436D5C528DB05FF1CFB67D8230A72" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1570]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FF1CFB67DA2C0BA5" bold="true" box="[199,284,1154,1179]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Elytra:</emphasis>
|
||
On average 0.88 times as broad as long, little variable (0.82x to 0.91x); in general 1.06 x (mean) as broad as pronotum, and 1.67x (mean) as long as pronotum (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C528DB05FCBDFB42D8C00B81" box="[870,1008,1190,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Tarphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="depressus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FCBDFB42D8C00B81" box="[870,1008,1190,1215]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">T. depressus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1.5x), at shoulders distinctly broader than pronotum between hind angles; disc reddish to reddish-brown, convex, rugosely seriate-punctate, and wrinkled transversally on dorsal surface which is covered with dense granules each one with a recumbent, obtuse yellowish or golden seta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A50C528DB05FE65FAF5D9320A17" box="[446,514,1296,1321]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1050,1072]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1028]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1028]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Details of setae in elytra for the species in of the complex “ azoricus-wollastoni-depressus ”: T. azoricus (restricted to São Miguel and Flores) (A); Tarphius wollastoni (restricted to Faial) (B); Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov. (restricted to Pico) (C); and Tarphius floresensis sp. nov. (restricted to Flores) (D). Scale 0.1 mm (Photos: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322236/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C); nodules or gibbosities distinct with a pattern formula 3, 3, 2, 1, covered with setae more aggregate conferring a pom-pom appearance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436D5C528DB05FF1CFAB2D9300AAD" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1570]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FF1CFAB2DA6E0A4E" bold="true" box="[199,350,1367,1392]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Ventral side</emphasis>
|
||
. Prosternum as granulose as mesosternum and metasternum; grooves on anterior half of prosternal sides slightly present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436D5C528DB05FF1CFA7BD89A0AE7" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1570]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FF1CFA7BDBCF0A89" bold="true" box="[199,255,1438,1463]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Tibia normal not expanded apically; tarsi 4-segmented, simple, first three tarsomeres of all legs and in both sexes covered ventrally with several very long hyaline fine setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436D5C528DB05FF1CFA00D8A80AC0" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1570]" box="[199,920,1509,1534]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FF1CFA00DA0A0AC0" bold="true" box="[199,314,1509,1534]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Aedeagus</emphasis>
|
||
: Similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C528DB05FE64FA03D9090AC0" box="[447,569,1509,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Zopheridae" genus="Tarphius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tornvalli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FE64FA03D9090AC0" box="[447,569,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">T. tornvalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<figureCitation id="13502A50C528DB05FDADFA00D9870AC0" box="[630,695,1509,1534]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1936]" captionTargetBox="[175,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[174,1418,661,1880]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Details on the number of seta on the external row of the lateral margin of pronotum in the complex “ azoricuswollastoni-depressus ”: T. azoricus (restricted to São Miguel and Flores) (A); Tarphius wollastoni (restricted to Faial) (B); Tarphius gabrielae sp. nov. (restricted to Pico) (C); Tarphius floresensis sp. nov. (restricted to Flores) (D); and T. depressus (restricted to S. Maria) (E). Scales 0.25 mm (Photos: Erno-Endre Gergely)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/322237/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4C939B30C528DB05FD72FA00D9870AC0" box="[681,695,1509,1534]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" unit="in" value="6.0">6</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA4B24C528DB05FD00FA00D8BB0AC0" author="Gillerfors" box="[731,907,1509,1534]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" refString="Gillerfors, G. (1985) Two new species of the genus Tarphius Erichson from the Azores and redescription of Tarphius wollastoni Crotch (Coleoptera, Colydiidae) Bocagiana, 85, 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1985">Gillerfors 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD436D5C528DB05FF1CF9ECDF66091F" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,1570]" box="[199,1110,1545,1570]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FF1CF9ECDA7A091C" bold="true" box="[199,330,1545,1570]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Bionomics.</emphasis>
|
||
Most specimens were collected in dead twigs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6B4D56C528DB05FCA9F9ECDF7F091F" box="[882,1103,1545,1570]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stygiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91FEAC7C528DB05FCA9F9ECDF7F091F" box="[882,1103,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Euphorbia stygiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |