363 lines
39 KiB
XML
363 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="1C9218116EBC1A834E7F90290C102805" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2016n2a3" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5393528" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:059171D0-809D-47F5-9030-669522C36E69" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630319019888" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Amori, Giovanni, Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude, Decher, Jan, Assou, Delagnon, Gippoliti, Spartaco & Luiselli, Luca" docDate="2016" docId="03B8879EF30D382B0580FB39C3DBC15D" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.2016.38.2.201-244.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 38 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0AF8C315773078909029C6FC3CC05C6C.3:Zoosystema.2015-2017.journal_article" docStyleId="0AF8C315773078909029C6FC3CC05C6C" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2015-2017.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Sciuridae Fischer de Waldheim 1817" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="231" masterDocId="FF81FFE6F3103835054DFFADC271C750" masterDocTitle="Non-marine mammals of Togo (West Africa): an annotated checklist" masterLastPageNumber="244" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="230" updateTime="1699225334476" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="AE4ABC191B96FDDFF3661060F4AA1F38">Non-marine mammals of Togo (West Africa): an annotated checklist</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CADAB38EE4EA926C1D1AC807229E23B2">Amori, Giovanni</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="27694586B456CEE81C0346331BE995CE">Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoude</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E25C293A91DF76A9A2DF9AAB1290699B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4F7A2A3CB2F564625A73D1C7CC999C18">Decher, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C8B95706D25FA2C7FA353CDB732E2A82">Assou, Delagnon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="96432D6F36C1CE9509E9AB7C59CEC8A9">Gippoliti, Spartaco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="84DF3F4F11E7937F136A3F621077451F">Luiselli, Luca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C04A27EB6F57141A832C28ACA832D5BA">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="76B03291B1723FF075F596C687EC187B">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3170FA08715C168768A19B986F4124D6">2016-06-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B049D9F8CB1EB1678360FE50C5360C7C">38</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4A1AE385ECC4EE8CC970AAC0D4B6535E" type="DOI">10.5252/z2016n2a3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="ADF2F9F25E075114868AAAC711A70816" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B8879EF30D382B0580FB39C3DBC15D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B8879EF30D382B0580FB39C3DBC15D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B8879EF30D382B0580FB39C3DBC15D" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="231" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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<subSubSection id="C30B6503F30D38280580FB39C0CFC3FE" box="[205,702,1172,1199]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280580FB39C0CFC3FE" blockId="29.[205,702,1172,1199]" box="[205,702,1172,1199]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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<heading id="D0E681E4F30D38280580FB39C0CFC3FE" box="[205,702,1172,1199]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" reason="6">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D38280450FB38C0CFC3FE" ID-CoL="G48" authority="Fischer de Waldheim, 1817" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1817" box="[285,702,1172,1199]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">SCIURIDAE Fischer de Waldheim, 1817</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30B6503F30D382805C9FB79C72FC7A0" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382805C9FB79C2AFC3BC" blockId="29.[132,774,1236,1326]" box="[132,222,1236,1262]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">REMARK</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382805C9FB5EC383C27E" blockId="29.[132,774,1236,1326]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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Squirrels are regularly traded as traditional medicine items throughout the country (
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<figureCitation id="132A2A0DF30D382804D8FABEC394C27E" box="[405,485,1299,1326]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,826,844]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,93,784]" captionTargetId="figure-447@30.[132,1455,216,784]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 28. — Squirrels are regularly traded as traditional medicine items throughout the country. In this case, Xerus erythropus (E. Geoffroy, 1803) traded in the Maritime Region, southern Togo. Photograph: Fabio Petrozzi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393572/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280442FADEC0F1C2D8" blockId="29.[271,640,1386,1422]" box="[271,640,1386,1422]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D38280442FADEC001C2DE" authority="(Temminck, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[271,624,1395,1422]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Epixerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ebii">
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<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D38280442FADEC3EAC2DE" bold="true" box="[271,411,1395,1422]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Epixerus ebii</emphasis>
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(Temminck, 1853)
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</taxonomicName>
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•
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382805C9FA1EC2AFC29B" blockId="29.[130,777,1459,1645]" box="[132,222,1459,1485]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">REMARK</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382805C9FA7EC056C13D" blockId="29.[130,777,1459,1645]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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This species, cited as
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D38280419FA7EC00AC2BE" authority="Temminck, 1853" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" box="[340,635,1491,1518]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ebii">
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<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D38280419FA7EC3B4C2BD" box="[340,453,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Sciurus ebii</emphasis>
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Temminck, 1853
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</taxonomicName>
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, was recorded from Asante by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D38280479FA5EC388C15E" author="MATSCHIE P." box="[308,505,1523,1550]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="162 - 180" refId="ref27957" refString="MATSCHIE P. 1893 b. - Saugethiere des Togogebietes, in Beitrage zur Fauna des Togolandes. Mittheilungen aus den deutschen Schutzegebieten 6: 162 - 180." type="journal article" year="1893">Matschie (1893b)</bibRefCitation>
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. More investigations are needed to show whether the species is present in the country, as neither
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<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D382805A6F99FC032C11D" author="THORINGTON R. W. & HOFFMANN R. S." box="[235,579,1586,1613]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="754 - 818" refId="ref29914" refString="THORINGTON R. W. & HOFFMANN R. S. 2005. - Family Sciuridae, in WILSON D. E. & REEDER D. M. (eds), Mammal species of the world. A taxonomic and geographic reference. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 754 - 818." type="book chapter" year="2005">Thorington & Hoffmann (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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nor IUCN (2014) include it in the native species of
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<collectingCountry id="F3067618F30D382804A4F9FEC052C13D" box="[489,547,1619,1645]" name="Togo" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Togo</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382805A4F91FC0D7C197" blockId="29.[233,678,1705,1740]" box="[233,678,1705,1740]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D382805A4F91FC0E7C19C" authority="(Thomas, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[233,662,1713,1740]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Funisciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anerythrus">
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<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382805A4F91FC390C19C" bold="true" box="[233,481,1713,1740]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Funisciurus anerythrus</emphasis>
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(Thomas, 1890)
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</taxonomicName>
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•
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382805C9F95FC2AFC05A" blockId="29.[130,777,1778,2028]" box="[132,222,1778,1804]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">REMARK</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382805C9F8BFC063C0BB" blockId="29.[130,777,1778,2028]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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<materialsCitation id="3B793CD5F30D382805C9F8BFC2AEC0BB" collectionCode="NMNH" country="Togo" location="Thus" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" specimenCode="IUCN 2014" specimenCount="1">
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A voucher of this species, captured at Dapaong (northern savannah habitat), is currently stored in the
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<collectionCode id="ED00AE4DF30D3828072DF89FC0CEC01C" box="[608,703,1842,1868]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">NMNH</collectionCode>
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. However, this species is considered to be found in lowland moist forests (
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<specimenCode id="DBB79EF3F30D38280595F8DCC310C0DB" box="[216,353,1905,1931]" collectionCode="IUCN" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">IUCN 2014</specimenCode>
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) and has not been recorded from
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<collectingCountry id="F3067618F30D3828079DF8DFC176C0DC" box="[720,775,1906,1932]" name="Togo" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Togo</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D382805C1F83CC3ACC0FC" author="THORINGTON R. W. & HOFFMANN R. S." box="[140,477,1937,1964]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="754 - 818" refId="ref29914" refString="THORINGTON R. W. & HOFFMANN R. S. 2005. - Family Sciuridae, in WILSON D. E. & REEDER D. M. (eds), Mammal species of the world. A taxonomic and geographic reference. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 754 - 818." type="book chapter" year="2005">Thorington & Hoffmann 2005</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<location id="8ECE6053F30D382804A3F83CC057C0FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B8879EF30D382B0580FB39C3DBC15D:8ECE6053F30D382804A3F83CC057C0FB" box="[494,550,1937,1963]" country="Togo" name="Thus" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Thus</location>
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, its eventual presence should be confirmed by 1) re-examination of the available voucher
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</materialsCitation>
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; and 2) further new records.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280630FF7AC72FC7A0" blockId="29.[893,1374,209,242]" box="[893,1374,209,242]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D38280630FF7AC721C7A1" authority="(Waterhouse, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[893,1360,215,242]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Funisciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucogenys">
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<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D38280630FF7AC600C7A2" bold="true" box="[893,1137,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Funisciurus leucogenys</emphasis>
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(Waterhouse, 1842)
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</taxonomicName>
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▶
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30B6503F30D38280660FEBCC762C0BA" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280660FEBCC716C628" blockId="29.[813,1456,272,376]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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HISTORICAL LITERATURE. —
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<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D38280107FEBDC688C678" author="MATSCHIE P." box="[1098,1273,272,296]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="162 - 180" refId="ref27957" refString="MATSCHIE P. 1893 b. - Saugethiere des Togogebietes, in Beitrage zur Fauna des Togolandes. Mittheilungen aus den deutschen Schutzegebieten 6: 162 - 180." type="journal article" year="1893">Matschie (1893b)</bibRefCitation>
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recorded this species at Bismarckburg (Adéle), indicating it as
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D382801B5FE86C1BDC60D" authority="Matschie, 1891" authorityName="Matschie" authorityYear="1891" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auriculatus">
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<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382801B5FE86C7DEC613" box="[1272,1455,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Sciurus auriculatus</emphasis>
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Matschie, 1891
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</taxonomicName>
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. The species is also present in
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<collectingCountry id="F3067618F30D382801B6FEEBC75CC60E" box="[1275,1325,326,350]" name="Togo" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Togo</collectingCountry>
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according to both
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<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D3828062FFEF2C6D5C627" author="THORINGTON R. W. & HOFFMANN R. S." box="[866,1188,351,376]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="754 - 818" refId="ref29914" refString="THORINGTON R. W. & HOFFMANN R. S. 2005. - Family Sciuridae, in WILSON D. E. & REEDER D. M. (eds), Mammal species of the world. A taxonomic and geographic reference. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 754 - 818." type="book chapter" year="2005">Thorington & Hoffmann (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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and IUCN (2014).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280660FE3DC1CEC692" blockId="29.[813,1455,399,450]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">VOUCHERS. — Six ZMB vouchers originated from Bismarckburg and Misahohe.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382806D8FE5BC736C55F" blockId="29.[917,1351,496,529]" box="[917,1351,496,529]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D382806D8FE5BC749C540" authority="(F. Cuvier, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="F. Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[917,1336,502,529]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Funisciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrropus">
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<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382806D8FE5BC608C541" bold="true" box="[917,1145,502,529]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Funisciurus pyrropus</emphasis>
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(F. Cuvier, 1833)
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</taxonomicName>
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▶
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280660FD9DC640C52C" blockId="29.[813,1455,559,636]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
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HISTORICAL LITERATURE AND VOUCHERS. — Recorded from Bismarckburg (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D382806E8FDE7C63AC532" author="MATSCHIE P." box="[933,1099,586,610]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="162 - 180" refId="ref27957" refString="MATSCHIE P. 1893 b. - Saugethiere des Togogebietes, in Beitrage zur Fauna des Togolandes. Mittheilungen aus den deutschen Schutzegebieten 6: 162 - 180." type="journal article" year="1893">Matschie 1893b</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), with a voucher currently stored at ZMB (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D3828063FFDC9C654C52C" author="GRUBB P. & JONES T. S. & DAVIES A. G. & EDBERG E. & SARIN E. D. & HILL J. E." box="[882,1061,612,636]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" refId="ref26489" refString="GRUBB P., JONES T. S., DAVIES A. G., EDBERG E., SARIN E. D. & HILL J. E. 1998 - Mammals of Ghana, Sierra Leone and the Gambia. The Trendrine Press, Cornwall, 265 p." type="book" year="1998">
|
|
Grubb
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382806F6FDC8C19BC52C" box="[955,1002,612,636]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
1998
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382806C8FD18C726C59F" blockId="29.[901,1367,688,720]" box="[901,1367,688,720]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D382806C8FD18C739C580" authority="De Winton, 1899" authorityName="De Winton" authorityYear="1899" box="[901,1352,693,720]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Funisciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="substriatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382806C8FD18C60FC580" bold="true" box="[901,1150,693,720]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Funisciurus substriatus</emphasis>
|
|
De Winton, 1899
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
▶
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280660FD42C7F3C406" blockId="29.[811,1455,750,854]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
|
|
HISTORICAL LITERATURE AND VOUCHERS. — Vouchers of this species are available from Ezimé (NMNH) and Sokodé (ZMB). The species is also present in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3067618F30D38280683FC89C671C46C" box="[974,1024,804,828]" name="Togo" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
|
according to both
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D382801FBFC8EC100C406" author="THORINGTON R. W. & HOFFMANN R. S." pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="754 - 818" refId="ref29914" refString="THORINGTON R. W. & HOFFMANN R. S. 2005. - Family Sciuridae, in WILSON D. E. & REEDER D. M. (eds), Mammal species of the world. A taxonomic and geographic reference. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 754 - 818." type="book chapter" year="2005">Thorington & Hoffmann (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D38280631FC93C6B1C406" author="THORINGTON R. W. & SCHENNUM C. E." box="[892,1216,830,854]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" refId="ref29970" refString="THORINGTON R. W. & SCHENNUM C. E. 2013. - Funisciurus substriatus Kintampo Rope Squirrel. p. 60 - 61 in HAPPOLD D. C. D. (ed.), Mammals of Africa: Volume III: Rodents, Hares and Rabbits. Bloomsbury Publishing, London." type="book" year="2013">Thorington & Schennum (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and IUCN (2014).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382806DFFC39C73BC4FE" blockId="29.[914,1354,911,944]" box="[914,1354,911,944]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D382806DFFC39C74AC4E0" authority="(Ogilby, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Ogilby" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[914,1339,916,944]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Heliosciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gambianus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382806DFFC39C6E5C4FF" bold="true" box="[914,1172,916,943]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Heliosciurus gambianus</emphasis>
|
|
(Ogilby, 1835)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
▶
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280660FC63C1F4C350" blockId="29.[813,1455,974,1024]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
|
|
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — First recorded in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3067618F30D382801B6FC63C75CC4B6" box="[1275,1325,974,998]" name="Togo" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
|
by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D38280018FC63C1F0C350" author="MATSCHIE P." pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="162 - 180" refId="ref27957" refString="MATSCHIE P. 1893 b. - Saugethiere des Togogebietes, in Beitrage zur Fauna des Togolandes. Mittheilungen aus den deutschen Schutzegebieten 6: 162 - 180." type="journal article" year="1893">Matschie (1893b)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280660FBB5C7D0C32F" blockId="29.[811,1455,1048,1151]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
|
|
VOUCHERS. — Vouchers from Bismarckburg, Misahohe and Sokodé (ZMB) and Peura (NMNH).
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D38280104FB9FC687C31A" author="MATSCHIE P." box="[1097,1270,1074,1098]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="162 - 180" refId="ref27957" refString="MATSCHIE P. 1893 b. - Saugethiere des Togogebietes, in Beitrage zur Fauna des Togolandes. Mittheilungen aus den deutschen Schutzegebieten 6: 162 - 180." type="journal article" year="1893">Matschie (1893b)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
cited
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D38280062FB9EC67AC335" authority="Temminck, 1853" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1853" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D38280062FB9EC12BC334" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Sciurus punctatus</emphasis>
|
|
Temminck, 1853
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from Bismarckburg, but the latter specific identification was dismissed by Grubb (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D382801E2FBCAC7E4C32F" author="GRUBB P. & JONES T. S. & DAVIES A. G. & EDBERG E. & SARIN E. D. & HILL J. E." box="[1199,1429,1127,1151]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" refId="ref26489" refString="GRUBB P., JONES T. S., DAVIES A. G., EDBERG E., SARIN E. D. & HILL J. E. 1998 - Mammals of Ghana, Sierra Leone and the Gambia. The Trendrine Press, Cornwall, 265 p." type="book" year="1998">
|
|
Grubb
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382801B5FBC5C756C32F" box="[1272,1319,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
1998: 178
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D3828062BFB1EC707C39D" blockId="29.[870,1398,1198,1230]" box="[870,1398,1198,1230]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D3828062BFB1EC716C39E" authority="(Waterhouse, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[870,1383,1203,1230]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Heliosciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufobrachium">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D3828062BFB1EC6F9C39E" bold="true" box="[870,1160,1203,1230]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Heliosciurus rufobrachium</emphasis>
|
|
(Waterhouse, 1842)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
▶
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280660FB40C72AC269" blockId="29.[813,1456,1261,1338]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
|
|
VOUCHERS. — Subspecies
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D3828017BFB40C6E6C255" box="[1078,1175,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">isabellinus</emphasis>
|
|
(Gray, 1867) occurs East of the
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49D5F86AF30D3828061CFAAAC1F5C24F" box="[849,900,1287,1311]" country="Ghana" name="Volta" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Volta</collectingRegion>
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49D5F86AF30D382806C4FAAAC1CCC24F" box="[905,957,1287,1311]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">River</collectingRegion>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D38280684FAAAC60BC24F" author="GRUBB P. & JONES T. S. & DAVIES A. G. & EDBERG E. & SARIN E. D. & HILL J. E." box="[969,1146,1287,1311]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" refId="ref26489" refString="GRUBB P., JONES T. S., DAVIES A. G., EDBERG E., SARIN E. D. & HILL J. E. 1998 - Mammals of Ghana, Sierra Leone and the Gambia. The Trendrine Press, Cornwall, 265 p." type="book" year="1998">
|
|
Grubb
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D3828015CFAA5C64EC24F" box="[1041,1087,1287,1311]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
1998
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Several specimens, captured at Pagala, Agou and Ezimé, are currently stored at NMNH.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382806EAFADEC745C2DC" blockId="29.[935,1332,1389,1421]" box="[935,1332,1389,1421]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D382806EAFADEC757C2DD" authority="(A. Smith, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="A. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[935,1318,1395,1421]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Paraxerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382806EAFADEC617C2DD" bold="true" box="[935,1126,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Paraxerus poensis</emphasis>
|
|
(A. Smith, 1830)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
▶
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280660FA00C19DC052" blockId="29.[811,1457,1452,1794]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
|
|
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. —
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D38280102FA01C773C294" author="MATSCHIE P." box="[1103,1282,1452,1476]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="162 - 180" refId="ref27957" refString="MATSCHIE P. 1893 b. - Saugethiere des Togogebietes, in Beitrage zur Fauna des Togolandes. Mittheilungen aus den deutschen Schutzegebieten 6: 162 - 180." type="journal article" year="1893">Matschie (1893b)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
reported it to be present in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3067618F30D382806DAFA6AC1BBC28F" box="[919,970,1479,1503]" name="Togo" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
|
as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D382806A1FA6AC60AC28E" authorityName="A. Smith" authorityYear="1830" box="[1004,1147,1479,1502]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="poensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382806A1FA6AC60AC28E" box="[1004,1147,1479,1502]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Sciurus poensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. In addition, a ZMB voucher, identified as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D382806E5FA4FC680C2A9" authority="(A. Smith, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="A. Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[936,1265,1505,1529]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Paraxerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cepapi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382806E5FA4FC634C2A9" box="[936,1093,1506,1529]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Paraxerus cepapi</emphasis>
|
|
(A. Smith, 1836)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and likely attributable to this species, originated from Bismarckburg (Adéle). The distribution of this forest species matches more or less exactly that of several West-central African rainforest taxa (e.g., the reptiles
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D38280663F9E1C63DC133" authority="Bell, 1827" authorityName="Bell" authorityYear="1827" box="[814,1100,1611,1635]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Kinixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="homeana">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D38280663F9E1C1A6C133" box="[814,983,1611,1635]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Kinixys homeana</emphasis>
|
|
Bell, 1827
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D38280116F9E1C7DCC133" authority="(Schweigger, 1812)" baseAuthorityName="Schweigger" baseAuthorityYear="1812" box="[1115,1453,1611,1635]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Kinixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erosa">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D38280116F9E1C6ADC133" box="[1115,1244,1612,1635]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Kinixys erosa</emphasis>
|
|
(Schweigger, 1812)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D38280663F9CBC62BC12D" authority="(Shaw, 1792)" baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[814,1114,1637,1661]" class="Reptilia" family="Viperidae" genus="Bitis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasicornis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D38280663F9CBC1B4C12D" box="[814,965,1638,1661]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Bitis nasicornis</emphasis>
|
|
(Shaw, 1792)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, etc.)(e.g.,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D3828019DF9C8C707C12D" author="CHIPPAUX J. - P." box="[1232,1398,1637,1661]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" refId="ref25411" refString="CHIPPAUX J. - P. 1999. Les serpents d'Afrique occidentale et centrale. IRD Editions, Paris." type="book" year="1999">Chippaux 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), and therefore may well be present in the forested ecological zone IV, where the above-mentioned forest reptiles are indeed occurring (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D38280678F918C649C19C" author="SEGNIAGBETO G. H. & ASSOU D. & KOUDZO K. K. & AKOUDEWOU A." box="[821,1080,1716,1741]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" refId="ref29652" refString="SEGNIAGBETO G. H., ASSOU D., KOUDZO K. K. & AKOUDEWOU A. 2015 b. - Contribution on the improvement of the primate status and distribution in Central and Southern Togo. Primates project AGBO-ZEGUE NGO & CI, 55 p." type="book" year="2015">
|
|
Segniagbeto
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382806F5F918C19BC19D" box="[952,1002,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2015b
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Nonetheless, this squirrel does not occur in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3067618F30D382806CFF97DC1C4C1B8" box="[898,949,1744,1768]" name="Togo" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
|
according to both
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30D38280120F962C7C0C1B7" author="THORINGTON R. W. & HOFFMANN R. S." box="[1133,1457,1743,1767]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" pagination="754 - 818" refId="ref29914" refString="THORINGTON R. W. & HOFFMANN R. S. 2005. - Family Sciuridae, in WILSON D. E. & REEDER D. M. (eds), Mammal species of the world. A taxonomic and geographic reference. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 754 - 818." type="book chapter" year="2005">Thorington & Hoffmann (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and IUCN (2014).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D382806DDF8FFC73DC03B" blockId="29.[912,1356,1868,1900]" box="[912,1356,1868,1900]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30D382806DDF8FFC74CC03C" authority="(Waterhouse, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[912,1341,1873,1900]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Protoxerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="29" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stangeri">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30D382806DDF8FFC62EC03B" bold="true" box="[912,1119,1873,1900]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">Protoxerus stangeri</emphasis>
|
|
(Waterhouse, 1842)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
▶
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30D38280660F833C762C0BA" blockId="29.[811,1456,1949,2026]" pageId="29" pageNumber="230">VOUCHERS. — Three specimens, captured at Pagala, are currently stored in the NMNH, and three other vouchers from Haho-Baoué, Sokodé and Apaso-Acrosa, are deposited in ZMB.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<caption id="DF6E6600F30E382B05C9FC97C0F2C433" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393572" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5393572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393572/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="231" startId="30.[132,143,826,844]" targetBox="[132,1455,93,784]" targetPageId="30">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30E382B05C9FC97C0F2C433" blockId="30.[132,1455,826,867]" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">
|
|
FIG. 28. — Squirrels are regularly traded as traditional medicine items throughout the country. In this case,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30E382B0141FC97C74CC41C" authority="(E. Geoffroy, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[1036,1341,826,844]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Xerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythropus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30E382B0141FC97C6EBC41C" box="[1036,1178,826,844]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">Xerus erythropus</emphasis>
|
|
(E. Geoffroy, 1803)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
traded in the Maritime Region, southern Togo. Photograph: Fabio Petrozzi.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C30B6503F30E382B05C9FC18C32CC35F" pageId="30" pageNumber="231" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30E382B05C9FC18C2AFC49D" blockId="30.[130,775,949,1039]" box="[132,222,949,975]" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">REMARK</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30E382B05C9FC79C32CC35F" blockId="30.[130,775,949,1039]" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">
|
|
Subspecies
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30E382B05B7FC78C389C4BF" authority="(Thomas, 1906)" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1906" box="[250,504,980,1007]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Tadarida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigeriae">
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30E382B05B7FC78C33BC4BE" box="[250,330,981,1006]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">nigeriae</emphasis>
|
|
(Thomas, 1906)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
occurs East of
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49D5F86AF30E382B07DCFC79C0B8C4BE" box="[657,713,980,1006]" country="Ghana" name="Volta" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">Volta</collectingRegion>
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49D5F86AF30E382B0783FC79C176C4BE" box="[718,775,980,1006]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">River</collectingRegion>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30E382B05C7FC59C321C35F" author="GRUBB P. & JONES T. S. & DAVIES A. G. & EDBERG E. & SARIN E. D. & HILL J. E." box="[138,336,1012,1039]" pageId="30" pageNumber="231" refId="ref26489" refString="GRUBB P., JONES T. S., DAVIES A. G., EDBERG E., SARIN E. D. & HILL J. E. 1998 - Mammals of Ghana, Sierra Leone and the Gambia. The Trendrine Press, Cornwall, 265 p." type="book" year="1998">
|
|
Grubb
|
|
<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30E382B0597FC58C37FC35E" box="[218,270,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">et al.</emphasis>
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1998
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</bibRefCitation>
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|
).
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</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30B6503F30E382B05BAFBF9C3ABC2D0" pageId="30" pageNumber="231" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30E382B05BAFBF9C385C3DE" blockId="30.[247,661,1102,1166]" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">
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<taxonomicName id="4C114D0BF30E382B05BAFBF9C0F7C33E" authority="(E. Geoffroy, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[247,646,1108,1135]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Xerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythropus">
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<emphasis id="B965EA9AF30E382B05BAFBF9C3DAC33F" bold="true" box="[247,427,1108,1135]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">Xerus erythropus</emphasis>
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(E. Geoffroy, 1803)
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</taxonomicName>
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▶ (
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|
<figureCitation id="132A2A0DF30E382B04D3FBD9C39DC3DE" box="[414,492,1140,1166]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,826,844]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,93,784]" captionTargetId="figure-447@30.[132,1455,216,784]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 28. — Squirrels are regularly traded as traditional medicine items throughout the country. In this case, Xerus erythropus (E. Geoffroy, 1803) traded in the Maritime Region, southern Togo. Photograph: Fabio Petrozzi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393572/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30E382B05C9FB13C099C3A0" blockId="30.[131,774,1214,1264]" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">
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|
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — First cited to occur in
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|
<collectingCountry id="F3067618F30E382B0713FB13C0FEC386" box="[606,655,1214,1238]" name="Togo" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">Togo</collectingCountry>
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by
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B79F30E382B07E2FB13C2A5C3A0" author="MATSCHIE P." pageId="30" pageNumber="231" pagination="162 - 180" refId="ref27957" refString="MATSCHIE P. 1893 b. - Saugethiere des Togogebietes, in Beitrage zur Fauna des Togolandes. Mittheilungen aus den deutschen Schutzegebieten 6: 162 - 180." type="journal article" year="1893">Matschie (1893b)</bibRefCitation>
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|
, with specimens recorded from Bismarckburg (Adéle).
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</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30E382B05C9FAB4C3ABC2D0" blockId="30.[132,777,1304,1408]" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">VOUCHERS. — Several specimens, captured at Dapaong, Padori and Ezimé, are currently stored in the NMNH, and 20 additional ZMB vouchers originated from Bismarckburg, Misa Höhe, Aného (Petit Popo) and Sansanné-Mango.</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C30B6503F30E382B05C9FA1EC3DBC15D" pageId="30" pageNumber="231" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30E382B05C9FA1EC2AFC29B" blockId="30.[132,774,1459,1549]" box="[132,222,1459,1485]" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">REMARK</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="8BAE3688F30E382B05C9FA7EC3DBC15D" blockId="30.[132,774,1459,1549]" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">
|
|
This species is regularly traded for traditional medicine all throughout
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3067618F30E382B044AFA5EC34FC15D" box="[263,318,1523,1549]" name="Togo" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
|
(
|
|
<figureCitation id="132A2A0DF30E382B0400FA5EC3ECC15D" box="[333,413,1523,1549]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,826,844]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,93,784]" captionTargetId="figure-447@30.[132,1455,216,784]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 28. — Squirrels are regularly traded as traditional medicine items throughout the country. In this case, Xerus erythropus (E. Geoffroy, 1803) traded in the Maritime Region, southern Togo. Photograph: Fabio Petrozzi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5393572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5393572/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="231">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
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|
</treatment>
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</document> |