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<document id="6D53D685F0ACDC33892E5A29EF06AD78" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6507553" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6507553" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630180570328" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Murphy, John C." docDate="2011" docId="03B8878938264B41FC0BFB415961BD11" docLanguage="en" docName="59rbz229-236.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 59 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C6443723295B2E4C6F22B9B23F08089C.5:RafflesBZool.2006-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="C6443723295B2E4C6F22B9B23F08089C" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2006-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Myron richardsonii Gray 1849" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="233" masterDocId="FF81FFF138254B45FFC8FFB25C78B92B" masterDocTitle="The Nomenclature And Systematics Of Some Australasian Homalopsid Snakes (Squamata: Serpentes: Homalopsidae)" masterLastPageNumber="236" masterPageNumber="229" pageNumber="232" updateTime="1699177662617" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="35D810E04F57DE65136246BDC19110E1">The Nomenclature And Systematics Of Some Australasian Homalopsid Snakes (Squamata: Serpentes: Homalopsidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C16487A162F1DA41DB2C9E408E1AAA2F">Murphy, John C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2DB95751A4EEB739FFD17D910CE70EC2">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9F9776DC7B75BBC1513492F086A4CAAE">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="6346FB1A956A7ED2AECC71F78E0A393C" type="ISSN">2345-7600</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B8878938264B41FC0BFB415961BD11" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544638" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6544638" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B8878938264B41FC0BFB415961BD11" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B8878938264B41FC0BFB415961BD11" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="233" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
<subSubSection id="C30B651438264B46FC0BFB41596DBC21" box="[963,1301,1267,1290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38264B46FC0BFB41596DBC21" blockId="3.[963,1301,1267,1290]" box="[963,1301,1267,1290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
<heading id="D0E681F338264B46FC0BFB41596DBC21" box="[963,1301,1267,1290]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38264B46FC0BFB41596DBC21" authority="Gray, 1849" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[963,1301,1267,1290]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsonii">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FC0BFB4158ECBC21" box="[963,1172,1267,1290]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Myron richardsonii</emphasis>
Gray, 1849
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B651438264B46FCE5FA835EDFBCC6" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38264B46FCE5FA835F9ABCAB" blockId="3.[813,1451,1329,1408]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
<materialsCitation id="3B793CC238264B46FCE5FA835FA5BCAB" country="Australia" county="Buffalo Creek" latitude="-12.666667" location="North" longLatPrecision="1292" longitude="131.48334" municipality="Restricted" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Australia">
Type Locality:
<location id="8ECE604438264B46FC1CFA835868BC6D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B8878938264B41FC0BFB415961BD11:8ECE604438264B46FC1CFA835868BC6D" box="[980,1040,1329,1350]" country="Australia" county="Buffalo Creek" latitude="-12.666667" longLatPrecision="1292" longitude="131.48334" municipality="Restricted" name="North" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" stateProvince="Western Australia">North</location>
<collectingRegion id="49D5F87D38264B46FBD3FA8358A6BC6D" box="[1051,1246,1329,1350]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCAACE538264B46FB24FA83592EBC6D" box="[1260,1366,1329,1350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Restricted</collectingMunicipality>
here to
<collectingCounty id="62CF4E1338264B46FC9AFAFC5F9BBC48" box="[850,995,1358,1379]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Buffalo Creek</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D5F87D38264B46FC27FAFC58D2BC48" box="[1007,1194,1358,1379]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F306760F38264B46FB70FAFC5969BC48" box="[1208,1297,1358,1379]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Australia</collectingCountry>
(about
<geoCoordinate id="EE25505838264B46FAA9FAFC59D3BC48" box="[1377,1451,1358,1379]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" precision="925" value="-12.666667">12º40'S</geoCoordinate>
and
<geoCoordinate id="EE25505838264B46FCB4FAD95FAFBCAB" box="[892,983,1387,1408]" degrees="131" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" precision="925" value="131.48334">131º29'E</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38264B46FFB9FA2D5DEDBCFA" blockId="3.[113,752,1439,1518]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
<materialsCitation id="3B793CC238264B46FFB9FA2D5DEDBCFA" accessionNumber="J52861" collectionCode="QM" latitude="-17.966667" location="Broome" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="122.23333" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Australia" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54AA883D38264B46FFB9FA2D5CB6BC9F" box="[113,206,1439,1460]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED00AE5A38264B46FF10FA2D5C87BC9F" box="[216,255,1439,1460]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
<accessionNumber id="9442AB7C38264B46FECEFA2D5D37BC9F" box="[262,335,1439,1460]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J52861" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" type="EnaNcbi">J52861</accessionNumber>
. Type locality:
<location id="8ECE604438264B46FE2FFA2D5E4FBC9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B8878938264B41FC0BFB415961BD11:8ECE604438264B46FE2FFA2D5E4FBC9F" box="[487,567,1439,1460]" latitude="-17.966667" longLatPrecision="1277" longitude="122.23333" name="Broome" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" stateProvince="Western Australia">Broome</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D5F87D38264B46FD89FA2D5E88BC9F" box="[577,752,1439,1460]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
(about
<geoCoordinate id="EE25505838264B46FF7EFA0E5C87BCFA" box="[182,255,1468,1489]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" precision="925" value="-17.966667">17º58'S</geoCoordinate>
and
<geoCoordinate id="EE25505838264B46FEF8FA0E5DF3BCFA" box="[304,395,1468,1489]" degrees="122" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" precision="925" value="122.23333">122º14'E</geoCoordinate>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38264B46FFB9FA6A5EDFBCC6" blockId="3.[113,752,1439,1518]" box="[113,679,1496,1518]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
1970
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38264B46FF61FA6B5D1DBCC5" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[169,357,1497,1518]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsonii">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FF61FA6B5D1DBCC5" box="[169,357,1497,1518]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Myron richardsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— Gyi, pages 172–174, Fig. 28.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B651438264B41FFB9F9A45EE1BC71" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="233" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38264B46FFB9F9A45DFCBEA5" blockId="3.[113,753,1558,1934]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FFB9F9A45C83BF05" bold="true" box="[113,251,1558,1582]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Diagnosis. –</emphasis>
A
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38264B46FED7F9A55D1DBF05" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[287,357,1559,1582]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FED7F9A55D1DBF05" box="[287,357,1559,1582]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">Myron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 19 scale rows on the neck and at mid body; one preocular scale; large, plate like occipital scales that are posterior and lateral to the parietals.
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38264B46FDB6F9E55E88BF45" authorityName="Murphy" authorityYear="2011" box="[638,752,1623,1646]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="resetari">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FDB6F9E55E88BF45" box="[638,752,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">M. resetari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38264B46FE43F9C55E49BFA5" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[395,561,1655,1678]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsonii">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FE43F9C55E49BFA5" box="[395,561,1655,1678]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">M. richardsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its lower scale row count on the neck and at mid body (19 vs. 21); one preocular (two in
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38264B46FEF3F9055D9EBFE5" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[315,486,1719,1742]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsonii">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FEF3F9055D9EBFE5" box="[315,486,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">M. richardsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38264B46FDE9F9055EF3BFE5" box="[545,651,1719,1742]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="karnsi">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FDE9F9055EF3BFE5" box="[545,651,1719,1742]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">M. karnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); and its largest upper labial is the 5
<superScript id="7C649BD738264B46FE44F9675DE0BFC8" attach="left" box="[396,408,1749,1763]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">th</superScript>
compared with the largest upper labial of 6 or
<quantity id="4CE99B7A38264B46FEC3F9455D4EBE25" box="[267,310,1783,1806]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38264B46FEF7F9455D90BE25" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[319,488,1783,1806]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsonii">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FEF7F9455D90BE25" box="[319,488,1783,1806]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">M. richardsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38264B46FF66F8A55D60BE05" box="[174,280,1815,1838]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="karnsi">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FF66F8A55D60BE05" box="[174,280,1815,1838]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">M. karnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the lower number of scale rows at mid body (19 vs. 21) and the blotched pattern on a gray ground color (as opposed to the black ground color and thin yellow crossbands of
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38264B46FEC5F8C55D0CBEA5" box="[269,372,1911,1934]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="karnsi">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FEC5F8C55D0CBEA5" box="[269,372,1911,1934]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">M. karnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6E661738264B46FCE4F82958D2B16B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6507559" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6507559" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6507559/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" startId="3.[812,847,1947,1968]" targetBox="[812,1453,1449,1930]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38264B46FCE4F82958D2B16B" blockId="3.[812,1452,1947,2112]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
Fig. 3. The paratype of
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38264B46FBC7F82E58B5BE9B" authority=", BMNH" authorityName="BMNH" box="[1039,1229,1947,1969]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="resetari">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38264B46FBC7F82E5801BE9A" box="[1039,1145,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">M. resetari</emphasis>
, BMNH
</taxonomicName>
1935.7.65.2. A: shows the enlarged occipital scales (O) and their relationship to the temporal (T). B: illustrates the single preocular scale. C: illustrates the three pairs of chin shields with the 3rd pair longer than wide. D: illustrates the edge of the ventral scales (V) and first 3 dorsal rows and the keels on the scales above dorsal row 3.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38264B41FFB9F8055D2DBD51" blockId="3.[113,752,1975,2094]" lastBlockId="4.[136,776,803,1146]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="233" pageId="3" pageNumber="232">
Description of the
<typeStatus id="54AA883D38264B46FEFFF8055DE1BEE5" box="[311,409,1975,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="232" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: On the head: rostral as broad as tall with the dorsal edge extending between the nasal scales; nasals are smaller than the diameter of the eye, separated by the internasal from the posterior edge and the rostral from
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FF40FC915D6ABA10" bold="true" box="[136,274,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Diagnosis. –</emphasis>
A
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FEFEFC915D04BA11" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[310,380,803,826]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FEFEFC915D04BA11" box="[310,380,803,826]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Myron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 21 scale rows on the neck and at mid body that are reduced to 17 or 19 rows near the vent; the posterior dorsal scale rows above row 6 are weakly keeled; two preocular scales; upper labials usually number 8 or 9; plate-like occipital scales located on the posterior edge of the parietals; 8 to 10 upper labials; and a dorsal pattern of blotches that number 35 to 48. The presence of 21 scale rows and two preoculars will distinguish it from
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FD22FBB15CA2BD11" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="resetari">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FD22FBB15CA2BD11" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">M. resetari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The 8 to 10 upper labials and blotched pattern will separate it from
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FEF3FBF15DDBBD71" box="[315,419,1091,1114]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="karnsi">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FEF3FBF15DDBBD71" box="[315,419,1091,1114]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">M. karnsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which is melanistic with narrow yellow crossbands.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38214B41FF40FB115EE1BC71" blockId="4.[136,775,1187,1370]" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">
Eight males had 131–137 ventrals (x=133.8, sd=1.80) and 33–39 subcaudals (x=35.6, sd=1.76). Six females had 131–139 ventrals (x=135.5, sd=3.62) and
<specimenCount id="9D17FD1638214B41FD9BFB515EAFBDD1" box="[595,727,1251,1274]" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" type="female">five females</specimenCount>
had 30–34 subcaudals (x= 31.6, sd=1.82). While the ventral counts show no sexual dimorphism, the subcaudal counts based on this limited sample size most likely do.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30B651438214B41FF40FA315961BD11" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38214B41FF40FA315D0CBCF1" blockId="4.[136,775,1411,1498]" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FF40FA315D51BCB0" bold="true" box="[136,297,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Distribution. –</emphasis>
Coastal northern
<collectingCountry id="F306760F38214B41FE23FA315E35BCB1" box="[491,589,1411,1434]" name="Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Australia</collectingCountry>
from the Gulf of Carpentaria to
<collectingRegion id="49D5F87D38214B41FEEDFA115D9EBC91" box="[293,486,1443,1466]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
and northward to the south coast of New
<collectingCountry id="F306760F38214B41FED7FA715D08BCF1" box="[287,368,1475,1498]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Guinea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38214B41FF40F9B15C86BF11" blockId="4.[136,775,1539,1594]" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">
A comparison of the three species of
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FDE0F9B15E16BF31" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[552,622,1539,1562]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Myron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FDE0F9B15E16BF31" box="[552,622,1539,1562]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Myron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be found in Table 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38214B41FF40F9D15D1FBED1" blockId="4.[136,775,1635,2042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FF40F9D15E3CBF50" bold="true" box="[136,580,1635,1659]" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FF40F9D15D3CBF50" bold="true" box="[136,324,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Reassignment of</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FE86F9D15E5EBF50" authorityName="Jong" authorityYear="1926" box="[334,550,1635,1659]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cantoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annulata">Cantoria annulata</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FDFFF9D15E3CBF50" box="[567,580,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">–</emphasis>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FD86F9D15CBBBFB1" authority="Girard, 1858" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1858" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cantoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
Cantoria
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B6E38214B41FD72F9D15CBBBFB1" author="Girard, C" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" pagination="181 - 182" refId="ref4898" refString="Girard, C., 1858. Descriptions of some new reptiles, collected by the U. S. Exploring Expedition, under the command of Captain Charles Wilkes, USN. Third part. Including the species of ophidians exotic to North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1857: 181 - 182." type="journal article" year="1858">Girard, 1858</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, was described on the basis of a specimen from
<collectingCountry id="F306760F38214B41FF40F9115C8DBF91" box="[136,245,1699,1722]" name="Singapore" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Singapore</collectingCountry>
. The
<typeStatus id="54AA883D38214B41FEE3F9115D20BF91" box="[299,344,1699,1722]" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">type</typeStatus>
species is the morphologically distinctive
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FF40F9715DDDBFF1" authority="Girard" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1858" box="[136,421,1731,1754]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cantoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FF40F9715D29BFF1" box="[136,337,1731,1754]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Cantoria violacea</emphasis>
Girard
</taxonomicName>
, the
<typeStatus id="54AA883D38214B41FE17F9715E76BFF1" box="[479,526,1731,1754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">type</typeStatus>
species for the genus by monotypy.
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FEEFF9515DDABFD1" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1858" box="[295,418,1763,1786]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cantoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FEEFF9515DDABFD1" box="[295,418,1763,1786]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">C. violacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a long, slender body, dorsal scales in 19 rows at mid body; the ventral count ranges from 234–284, other scale characters are given in Table 2.
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FF40F8F15D7BBE71" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1858" box="[136,259,1859,1882]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cantoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FF40F8F15D7BBE71" box="[136,259,1859,1882]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">C. violacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to prey exclusively on
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FD96F8F15ECCBE71" box="[606,692,1859,1882]" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FD96F8F15ECCBE71" box="[606,692,1859,1882]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Alpheus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shrimp in mangrove forests and their associated mud flats (Voris &amp; Murphy, 2002). Molecular analysis found that
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FD6EF8315C9BBE91" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1858" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cantoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FD6EF8315C9BBE91" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Cantoria violacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the sister to
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FE5EF8115D89BE91" box="[406,497,1955,1978]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Gerarda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FE5EF8115D89BE91" box="[406,497,1955,1978]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Gerarda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FDE4F8115C8BBEF1" authority="(Alfaro et al., 2008)" baseAuthorityName="Alfaro" baseAuthorityYear="2008" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Fordonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FDE4F8115EE8BE91" box="[556,656,1955,1978]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Fordonia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B6E38214B41FD69F8115C92BEF1" author="Alfaro, M &amp; Karns, H &amp; Voris, C" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" pagination="576 - 593" refId="ref4653" refString="Alfaro, M. E., D. R. Karns, H. K. Voris, C. D. Brock, &amp; B. L. Stuart, 2008. Phylogeny, evolutionary history, and biogeography of Oriental - Australian rear-fanged water snakes (Colubroidea: Homalopsidae) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 46: 576 - 593." type="journal article" year="2008">Alfaro et al., 2008</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, both crustacean–eating species with widespread coastal distributions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAE369F38214B41FC8BFC915961BD11" blockId="4.[835,1475,803,1082]" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FC8BFC915803BA11" authority="Jong, 1926" authorityName="Jong" authorityYear="1926" box="[835,1147,803,826]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cantoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FC8BFC91587CBA11" box="[835,1028,803,826]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Cantoria annulata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF804B6E38214B41FBC1FC915803BA11" author="Jong, J" box="[1033,1147,803,826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" pagination="302 - 304" refId="ref5143" refString="Jong, J. K. de, 1926. Heurnia ventro-maculata n. g. n. sp. und Cantoria annulata n. sp., zwei neue Schlangen von Neu-Guinea. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 67: 302 - 304." type="journal article" year="1926">Jong, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was described from a specimen from Prins Hendrik-eiland, New
<collectingCountry id="F306760F38214B41FB6BFCF15888BA71" box="[1187,1264,835,858]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Guinea</collectingCountry>
which had 21 scale rows at mid body and ventral counts that range from 168–182. While
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FC59FC31586FBAB1" authorityName="Jong" authorityYear="1926" box="[913,1047,899,922]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cantoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FC59FC31586FBAB1" box="[913,1047,899,922]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">C. annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has its nasal scales separated by the internasal (as does
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FBD9FC1158F3BA91" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1858" box="[1041,1163,931,954]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cantoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FBD9FC1158F3BA91" box="[1041,1163,931,954]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">C. violacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), it also has the internasal in contact with the frontal scale, a character state unknown in other homalopsids. Given these differences and the others noted in Table 2, removing
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FB47FBB1588BBD31" authorityName="Jong" authorityYear="1926" box="[1167,1267,1027,1050]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cantoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annulata">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FB47FBB1588BBD31" box="[1167,1267,1027,1050]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">annulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C114D1C38214B41FAF7FBB159DCBD31" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1858" box="[1343,1444,1027,1050]" class="Reptilia" family="Homalopsidae" genus="Cantoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B965EA8D38214B41FAF7FBB159DCBD31" box="[1343,1444,1027,1050]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="233">Cantoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is warranted, and here placed in a new genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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