912 lines
66 KiB
XML
912 lines
66 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1098-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B22184E75B1A59C9B985C0DD9F092196" ID-ZooBank="B4F4033F296E43CCBE54B9413BC19268" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1098-1" checkinTime="1651618226429" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rakotonirina, Jean Claude & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2022" docId="19C0A67F89B85B00B34AEE4F467C6AF9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1098: 1-180" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1098" docPubDate="2022-05-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223" docTitle="Camponotus immaculatus Forel 1892" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="B22184E75B1A59C9B985C0DD9F092196" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="B22184E75B1A59C9B985C0DD9F092196" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Malagasy Camponotus subgenus Myrmosaga (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) using qualitative and quantitative morphology" masterLastPageNumber="180" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1651618226429" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the Malagasy Camponotus subgenus Myrmosaga (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) using qualitative and quantitative morphology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rakotonirina, Jean Claude</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Madagascar Biodiversity Center, BP 6257, Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo, Madagascar & Departement d'Entomologie-Culture, Elevage, Sante; Faculte des Sciences, BP 906, Universite d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jcrakoto25@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-3270</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-05-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1098</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>180</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1098-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B4F4033F296E43CCBE54B9413BC19268</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">B22184E75B1A59C9B985C0DD9F092196</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19C0A67F89B85B00B34AEE4F467C6AF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/19C0A67F89B85B00B34AEE4F467C6AF9" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="19C0A67F-89B8-5B00-B34A-EE4F467C6AF9" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1892" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus immaculatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immaculatus">Camponotus immaculatus Forel</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Head in full-face view A C. joany (CASENT 0408908) B C. radamae (CASENT 0066777) C C. immaculatus (CASENT 0179441)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/678060" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Head, mesosoma and petiolar node in lateral view A C. immaculatus (CASENT 0179441) B C. lubbocki (CASENT 0486998)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/678095" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 36A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="F60" captionText="Figure 60. Camponotus immaculatus A lateral view B head in full-face view C dorsal view of minor worker CASENT 0082438 D distribution map." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223.figure60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/678119" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 60</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1892" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus quadrimaculatus subsp. var. var. immaculatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="quadrimaculatus" subSpecies="var." variety="immaculatus">Camponotus quadrimaculatus var. immaculatus</taxonomicName>
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Forel, 1892: 233. Syntype workers, Madagascar Andrangoloaka (Sikora); 1 syntype minor worker designated as lectotype, by present designation, AntWeb CASENT0102430 (MHNG). Paralectotypes: 2 major workers of same data as lectotype but with specimen codes: CASENT0102429, CASENT0102431 (MHNG) (Andrangoloaka). Raised to species:
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<bibRefCitation author="Olson, DM" editor="Ganzhorn, JU" journalOrPublisher="Primate Report 46 - 1. German Primate Center (DPZ), Goettingen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="161 - 164" refId="B28" refString="Olson, DM, Ward, PS, 1996. The ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Kirindy Forest (tropical dry forest) in western Madagascar. In: Ganzhorn, JU, Sorg, J-P, Eds., Ecology and economy of a tropical dry forest in Madagascar. Primate Report 46-1. German Primate Center (DPZ), Goettingen: 161 - 164" title="The ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Kirindy Forest (tropical dry forest) in western Madagascar." volumeTitle="Ecology and economy of a tropical dry forest in Madagascar." year="1996">Olson and Ward 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: 164.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus quadrimaculatus subsp. opacata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="quadrimaculatus" subSpecies="opacata">Camponotus quadrimaculatus opacata</taxonomicName>
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Emery, 1925: 123. Syntype workers and alate queen, Madagascar, Baie
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Antongil">d'Antongil</normalizedToken>
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(Mocquerys); 1 syntype minor worker designated as lectotype, by present designation, AntWeb CASENT0102107) (MSNG). Paralectotypes: 2 major worker and one alate queen of same data as lectotype but respectively with the following specimen codes: CASENT0102106 (MSNG), CASENT0102433 (MHNG) and CASENT0102108 (MSNG). [Replacement name for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus quadrimaculatus subsp. opaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="quadrimaculatus" subSpecies="opaca">Camponotus quadrimaculatus opaca</taxonomicName>
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Emery, 1899: 290. Junior secondary homonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Formica opaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaca">Formica opaca</taxonomicName>
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(now
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Nylander" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus opaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaca">Camponotus opaca</taxonomicName>
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) Nylander, 1856: 55]. Syn. nov.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectingCountry name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Antananarivo">Antananarivo</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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: [Andrangoloaka]; Mantasoa; Manjakandriana,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="19.033333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-19.033333">-19.033333</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="47.9166666" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.916668">47.9166666</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.409" unit="m" value="1409.0">1409 m</quantity>
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(Sikora) (MHNG); Kaloy,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.58998" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.58998">-18.58998</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="47.65102" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.65102">47.65102</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.423" unit="m" value="1423.0">1423 m</quantity>
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, disturbed montane rainforest (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS); Analamanga Region, District of Ankazobe, Ambohitantely,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" unit="km" value="46.0">46 km</quantity>
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||
NE of Ankazobe,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.198" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-18.198">-18.198</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="47.2815" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="47.2815">47.2815</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.01" unit="m" value="701.0">701 m</quantity>
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||
,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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sclerophylle (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’Ha">Rin'Ha</normalizedToken>
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, Mike) (CAS); Ankalalahana,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="19.00711" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-19.00711">-19.00711</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.1337" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="47.1337">47.1337</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="1350.0">1350 m</quantity>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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woodland (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS); Antaponimanadala I Non Protected Area,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.59" unit="km" value="6.59">6.59 km</quantity>
|
||
E Manalalondo,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.25528" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-19.25528">-19.25528</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.1771" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="47.1771">47.1771</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.984" unit="m" value="1984.0">1984 m</quantity>
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||
, Savannah grassland (A. Ravelomanana) (CAS); Antaponimanadala II Non Protected Area,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.63" unit="km" value="6.63">6.63 km</quantity>
|
||
E Manalalondo,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.255" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-19.255">-19.255</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.17684" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.17684">47.17684</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.955" unit="m" value="1955.0">1955 m</quantity>
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||
, Savannah grassland (A. Ravelomanana) (CAS); Navoatra I Non Protected Area,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.64" unit="km" value="7.64">7.64 km</quantity>
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NW Arivonimamo,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.97806" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.97806">-18.97806</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="47.11929" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.11929">47.11929</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.373" unit="m" value="1373.0">1373 m</quantity>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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woodland (A. Ravelomanana) (CAS); SF Manjakatompo, -19.35, 47.31667,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</quantity>
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, montane rainforest (P.S. Ward) (CAS); SF Manjakatompo,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.91667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.91667">-18.91667</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.53333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.53333">47.53333</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.325" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="1.3" unit="m" value="1325.0" valueMax="1350.0" valueMin="1300.0">1300-1350 m</quantity>
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||
, park/garden (P.S. Ward) (PSWC);
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
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||
NE Ambalavao, nr. Antananarivo,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.08333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-19.08333">-19.08333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.53333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.53333">47.53333</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="1350.0">1350 m</quantity>
|
||
, roadside (P.S. Ward) (CAS);
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="km" value="42.0">42 km</quantity>
|
||
S Antsirabe, -20.25, 47.1,
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
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||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
woodland (P.S. Ward) (CAS); Angavokely, -18.93333, 47.75 (B. Pettersson) (CAS).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Binara,
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" unit="km" value="9.4">9.4 km</quantity>
|
||
235° SW Daraina, -13.26333, 49.6,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
|
||
, montane rainforest (B.L. Fisher) (CAS); RS Ambre,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="km" value="3.5">3.5 km</quantity>
|
||
235° SW Sakaramy,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="12.46889" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.46889">-12.46889</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.24217" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.24217">49.24217</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" unit="m" value="325.0">325 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest edge (Fisher, Griswold et al.) (CAS); RS Ambre,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="km" value="3.5">3.5 km</quantity>
|
||
235° SW Sakaramy,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="12.46889" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.46889">-12.46889</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.24217" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.24217">49.24217</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" unit="m" value="325.0">325 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest, (J.-J. Rafanomezantsoa et al.) (CAS); RS Ankarana,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" unit="km" value="13.6">13.6 km</quantity>
|
||
192° SSW Anivorano Nord,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="12.86361" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-12.86361">-12.86361</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.22583" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.22583">49.22583</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="m" value="210.0">210 m</quantity>
|
||
, open secondary vegetation (Fisher, Griswold et al.) (CAS); PN Marojejy,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
|
||
NW Manantenina, -14.45, 49.73333,
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.875" unit="m" value="1875.0">1875 m</quantity>
|
||
, montane rainforest (E.L. Quinter) (CAS); Marojejy, tributary Manantenina River, -14.43333, 49.75,
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</quantity>
|
||
, (Quinter & Nguyen) (CAS); Galoko chain, Mont Galoko,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="13.5888" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-13.5888">-13.5888</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="48.72864" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.72864">48.72864</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" unit="m" value="980.0">980 m</quantity>
|
||
, montane forest (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa">Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
NE Anjoma-Ramartina,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="19.63333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-19.63333">-19.63333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45.96667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="45.96667">45.96667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</quantity>
|
||
, grassland (P.S. Ward) (MSNG);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="km" value="28.0">28 km</quantity>
|
||
SSW Ambositra, Ankazomivady,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.775" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-20.775">-20.775</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.16833" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.16833">47.16833</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">1670 m</quantity>
|
||
, grassland (B.L. Fisher) (CAS); Ampangabe II Non Protected Area,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.129" unit="km" value="21.29">21.29 km</quantity>
|
||
W Itremo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.61139" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.61139">-20.61139</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.60809" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.60809">46.60809</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.402" unit="m" value="1402.0">1402 m</quantity>
|
||
, savannah woodland (A. Ravelomanana) (CAS); Antapia I Non Protected Area,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.643" unit="km" value="26.43">26.43 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Ambositra,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.71972" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.71972">-20.71972</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.08685" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.08685">47.08685</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4949999999999999" unit="m" value="1495.0">1495 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
woodland (A. Ravelomanana) (CAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Atsirakambiaty">d'Atsirakambiaty</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" unit="km" value="7.6">7.6 km</quantity>
|
||
285° WNW Itremo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.59333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.59333">-20.59333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.56333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.56333">46.56333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</quantity>
|
||
, montane rainforest (Fisher, Griswold et al.) (CAS); Manandriana IV Non Protected Area,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.696" unit="km" value="26.96">26.96 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Ambositra,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.73111" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.73111">-20.73111</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.09512" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.09512">47.09512</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.594" unit="m" value="1594.0">1594 m</quantity>
|
||
, savannah grassland (A. Ravelomanana) (CAS); Manandriana IV Non Protected Area,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.696" unit="km" value="26.96">26.96 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Ambositra,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.73111" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.73111">-20.73111</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.09512" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.09512">47.09512</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.594" unit="m" value="1594.0">1594 m</quantity>
|
||
, Savannah grassland (A. Ravelomanana) (CAS); Miandritsara Forest,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
|
||
S of Ambositra,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.79267" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.79267">-20.79267</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.17567" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.17567">47.17567</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.22" unit="m" value="822.0">822 m</quantity>
|
||
, Low altitude rainforest (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’Ha">Rin'Ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Mike) (CAS); Miandritsara Forest,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
|
||
S of Ambositra,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.79267" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.79267">-20.79267</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.17567" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.17567">47.17567</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.22" unit="m" value="822.0">822 m</quantity>
|
||
, Low altitude rainforest (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’Ha">Rin'Ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Mike) (CAS); PN Andringitra, Plateau
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Andohariana">d'Andohariana</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9799999999999995" unit="km" value="39.8">39.8 km</quantity>
|
||
204° Ambalavao,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.18767" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.18767">-22.18767</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.90083" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.90083">46.90083</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" unit="m" value="2150.0">2150 m</quantity>
|
||
, rubicole thicket at base of cliff (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS); Fianarantsoa, Soanierenana III Non Protected Area,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.525" unit="km" value="25.25">25.25 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Ambositra,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.72194" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.72194">-20.72194</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.11019" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.11019">47.11019</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.707" unit="m" value="1707.0">1707 m</quantity>
|
||
, savannah grassland (A. Ravelomanana) (CAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amoron’i">Amoron'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
Mania Region, District of Ambositra, Italaviana
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
|
||
SE of Antsirabe,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.17333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.17333">-20.17333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.086" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="47.086">47.086</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1359 m,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’Ha">Rin'Ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Mike) (CAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amoron’i">Amoron'i</normalizedToken>
|
||
Mania Region, District of Ambositra, Italaviana
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
|
||
SE of Antsirabe,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.17333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.17333">-20.17333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.086" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="47.086">47.086</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 1359 m,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’Ha">Rin'Ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Mike) (CAS); Col des Tapias,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.26667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.26667">-20.26667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.11667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.11667">47.11667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
woodland (P.S. Ward) (PSWC), Vatovavy Fitovinany Region, District of Ifanadiana,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
|
||
W of Ranomafana,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.25083" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-21.25083">-21.25083</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.40717" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.40717">47.40717</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.127" unit="m" value="1127.0">1127 m</quantity>
|
||
, forest edge, open area (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’Ha">Rin'Ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Mike) (PSWC),
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Atsirakambiaty">d'Atsirakambiaty</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" unit="km" value="7.6">7.6 km</quantity>
|
||
285° WNW Itremo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.59333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.59333">-20.59333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.56333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.56333">46.56333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</quantity>
|
||
, grassland (Fisher, Griswold et al.) (CAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Atsirakambiaty">d'Atsirakambiaty</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" unit="km" value="7.6">7.6 km</quantity>
|
||
285° WNW Itremo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.59333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.59333">-20.59333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.56333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.56333">46.56333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</quantity>
|
||
, grassland (Fisher, Griswold et al.) (CAS); Manakara,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.14817" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.14817">-22.14817</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="48.02267" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.02267">48.02267</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
, urban gardens, coastal
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Casuarinaceae" genus="Casuarina" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Casuarina equisetifolia" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="equisetifolia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Casuarina equisetifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS); Miandritsara Forest,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
|
||
S of Ambositra,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.79267" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-20.79267">-20.79267</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.17567" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.17567">47.17567</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.22" unit="m" value="822.0">822 m</quantity>
|
||
, Low altitude rainforest (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’Ha">Rin'Ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Mike) (CAS); PN Isalo, Ambovo Springs,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.93" unit="km" value="29.3">29.3 km</quantity>
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55555" value="4.0">4° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
Ranohira,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.29833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.29833">-22.29833</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45.35167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="45.35167">45.35167</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" unit="m" value="990.0">990 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
woodland (Fisher, Griswold et al.) (CAS); Tsaranoro,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.28" unit="km" value="32.8">32.8 km</quantity>
|
||
230° Ambalavao,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.08317" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.08317">-22.08317</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.774" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="46.774">46.774</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 975 m, savannah woodland (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Mahajanga">Mahajanga</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: PN Ankarafantsika, Ampijoroa SF,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="km" value="160.0">160 km</quantity>
|
||
N Maevatanana, deciduous forest,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16.31944" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-16.31944">-16.31944</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.81333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.81333">46.81333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" unit="m" value="43.0">43 m</quantity>
|
||
, deciduous forest, Mike (Irwin,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’ha">Rin'ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
),
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
|
||
(CAS); PN Tsingy de Bemaraha,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" unit="km" value="10.6">10.6 km</quantity>
|
||
ESE 123° Antsalova,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.70944" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.70944">-18.70944</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.71817" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="44.71817">44.71817</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest on Tsingy (Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team) (CAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="forestière">forestiere</normalizedToken>
|
||
Beanka,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.07" unit="km" value="50.7">50.7 km</quantity>
|
||
E Maintirano,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17.8873" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.8873">-17.8873</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.47113" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="44.47113">44.47113</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</quantity>
|
||
, savannah woodland (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS); Sofia Region, District of Sofia, Anjiamangirana
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" unit="km" value="45.0">45 km</quantity>
|
||
S Antsohihy, Analagnambe Galery forest,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
W Anjiamangirana,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="15.157" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-15.157">-15.157</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="47.73417" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.73417">47.73417</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" unit="m" value="97.0">97 m</quantity>
|
||
, low degraded dry forest (Mike, Rinha) (CAS).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina">Toamasina</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: [Antongil]; Maroantsetra, -15.43333, 49.75,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
|
||
, (Mocquerys) (CAS);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
|
||
ESE Andasibe (=Perinet), -18.95, 48.46667,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
|
||
, roadside (P.S. Ward) (CAS); Brickaville,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18.82183" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.82183">-18.82183</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="49.07017" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="49.07017">49.07017</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="24.0">24 m</quantity>
|
||
, urban/garden (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
Ambatovy,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" unit="km" value="14.3">14.3 km</quantity>
|
||
57° Moramanga, -18.85083, 48.32,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" unit="m" value="1075.0">1075 m</quantity>
|
||
, montane rainforest (B.L. Fisher) (CAS); Manakambahiny Atsinanana, -17.75, 48.71667, Primary forest (A. Pauly) (CAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
Ambatovy,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" unit="km" value="14.3">14.3 km</quantity>
|
||
57° Moramanga, -18.85083, 48.32,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" unit="m" value="1075.0">1075 m</quantity>
|
||
, montane shrubland, on rock (B.L. Fisher) (CAS).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Toliara">Toliara</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Anosy Region, PN Andohahela,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Manatalinjo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.82466" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.82466">-24.82466</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.60111" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.60111">46.60111</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
, spiny forest/thicket (B.L. Fisher, F.A. Esteves et al.) (CAS); Betroka,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.26558" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-23.26558">-23.26558</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.09716" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.09716">46.09716</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
, town/park/garden (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS). Ivahona,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.45591" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-23.45591">-23.45591</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.17376" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.17376">46.17376</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" unit="m" value="820.0">820 m</quantity>
|
||
, village/park/garden (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Mahamavo, PN Andohahela, -24.78333, 46.7,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="m" value="320.0">320 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest (P.S. Ward) (MSNG);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.46" unit="km" value="34.6">34.6 km</quantity>
|
||
NW Tsihombe,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.12983" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-25.12983">-25.12983</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45.21033" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="45.21033">45.21033</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
|
||
, spiny forest/thicket, road side (B.L. Fisher et al.) (MHNG);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" unit="km" value="45.0">45 km</quantity>
|
||
NE Morondava, -20.05, 44.61667,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest (P.S. Ward) (CAS);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" unit="km" value="48.0">48 km</quantity>
|
||
ENE Morondava, -20.06667, 44.65,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest (D.M. Olson) (CAS);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
N Isaka-Ivondro,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.76667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.76667">-24.76667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.86667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.86667">46.86667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
|
||
, roadside (P.S. Ward) (CAS); Anosy Region, District of Amboasary,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" unit="km" value="58.0">58 km</quantity>
|
||
SW of Fort Dauphin, 08 km NW of Amboasary, Berenty Special Reserve,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.00667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-25.00667">-25.00667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.30333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.30333">46.30333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="85.0">85 m</quantity>
|
||
, Galery forest (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’Ha">Rin'Ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Mike) (CAS); Anosy Region, District of Amboasary, PN Andohahela, Parcelle III, Ihazofotsy,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
|
||
NE Amboasary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.83083" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.83083">-24.83083</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.53617" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.53617">46.53617</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" unit="m" value="58.0">58 m</quantity>
|
||
, dry forest, spiny forest (Michael Irwin, Frank Parker,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’ha">Rin'ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (CAS); Anosy Region, District of Amboasary,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" unit="km" value="58.0">58 km</quantity>
|
||
SW of Fort Dauphin, 08 km NW of Amboasary, Berenty Special Reserve,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.021" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-25.021">-25.021</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.3055" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="46.3055">46.3055</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="36.0">36 m</quantity>
|
||
, spiny forest (Mike,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’ha">Rin'ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (CAS); Anosy Region, District of Fort-Dauphin, PN Andohahela, Parcelle II, Tsimela,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="km" value="42.0">42 km</quantity>
|
||
W of Fort-Dauphin,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.93683" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.93683">-24.93683</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.62667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.62667">46.62667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.76" unit="m" value="176.0">176 m</quantity>
|
||
, transition forest (Michael Irwin, Frank Parker,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’ha">Rin'ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (CAS); Atsimo Andrefana Region, District of Betioky,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
E Betioky, RS Beza Mahafaly (Around Research Station),
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.6865" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-23.6865">-23.6865</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.591" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="44.591">44.591</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 165 m, Galery dry deciduous forest (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’Ha">Rin'Ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Mike) (CAS); FC Analavelona,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.92" unit="km" value="29.2">29.2 km</quantity>
|
||
343° NNW Mahaboboka, -22.675, 44.19,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
|
||
, montane rainforest (Fisher, Griswold et al.) (CAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Kirindy,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" unit="km" value="15.5">15.5 km</quantity>
|
||
64° ENE Marofandilia,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.045" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-20.045">-20.045</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.66222" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="44.66222">44.66222</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest (Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team) (CAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Mahavelo, Isantoria River,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.75833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.75833">-24.75833</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.15717" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.15717">46.15717</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="110.0">110 m</quantity>
|
||
, spiny forest/thicket (Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team) (CAS); Mahafaly Plateau,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" unit="km" value="6.2">6.2 km</quantity>
|
||
74° ENE Itampolo,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.65361" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.65361">-24.65361</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="43.99667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="43.99667">43.99667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</quantity>
|
||
, spiny forest/thicket (Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team) (CAS); Makay Mts.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="21.31364" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-21.31364">-21.31364</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="45.14782" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="45.14782">45.14782</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" unit="m" value="525.0">525 m</quantity>
|
||
, Gallery forest on sandy soil (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS); Manatantely,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" unit="km" value="8.9">8.9 km</quantity>
|
||
NW Tolagnaro,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.9815" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-24.9815">-24.9815</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.92567" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.92567">46.92567</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
, rainforest (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS); Manderano,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.5275" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-23.5275">-23.5275</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.08833" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="44.08833">44.08833</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
|
||
, gallery forest (Frontier Project) (CAS); PN Andohahela,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambohibory">d'Ambohibory</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="km" value="1.7">1.7 km</quantity>
|
||
61° ENE Tsimelahy,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.61" unit="km" value="36.1">36.1 km</quantity>
|
||
308° NW Tolagnaro, -24.93, 46.6455,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest (Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team) (CAS); PN Andohahela,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Manatalinjo,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" unit="km" value="33.6">33.6 km</quantity>
|
||
63° ENE Amboasary,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" unit="km" value="7.6">7.6 km</quantity>
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55555" value="99.0">99° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
Hazofotsy, -24.81694, 46.61,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
|
||
, spiny forest/thicket (Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team) (CAS); PN Tsimanampetsotsa,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Bemanateza,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.07" unit="km" value="20.7">20.7 km</quantity>
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="81" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55555" value="81.0">81° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
Efoetse, 23.0 km 131° SE Beheloka,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.99222" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-23.99222">-23.99222</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="43.88067" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="43.88067">43.88067</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</quantity>
|
||
, spiny forest/thicket (Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team) (CAS); PN Zombitse,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.98" unit="km" value="19.8">19.8 km</quantity>
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="84" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55555" value="84.0">84° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
Sakaraha, -22.84333, 44.71,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" unit="m" value="770.0">770 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest (Fisher, Griswold et al.) (CAS); Portuguese Island, nr. Fort Dauphin; Ifarantsa; Taolagnaro,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.9167" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-24.9167">-24.9167</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.8667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="46.8667">46.8667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
, lawn, D. Whitacre (CAS); RS Beza Mahafaly, Parcel 1, -23.65, 44.63333,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="130.0">130 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest (P.S. Ward) (CAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
|
||
Berenty, -25.01667, 46.3,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest (P.S. Ward) (CAS);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Privé">Prive</normalizedToken>
|
||
Berenty,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Bealoka,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mandraré">Mandrare</normalizedToken>
|
||
River,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" unit="km" value="14.6">14.6 km</quantity>
|
||
329° NNW Amboasary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.95694" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.95694">-24.95694</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.2715" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="46.2715">46.2715</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</quantity>
|
||
, gallery forest (Fisher-Griswold Arthropod Team) (CAS); Sakaraha,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="22.91233" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.91233">-22.91233</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.53283" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="44.53283">44.53283</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" unit="m" value="470.0">470 m</quantity>
|
||
, urban/garden (B.L. Fisher et al.) (CAS); Sept Lacs,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.52083" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-23.52083">-23.52083</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.15972" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="44.15972">44.15972</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
|
||
, gallery forest (Frontier Project) (CAS);
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="km" value="27.0">27 km</quantity>
|
||
N Tongobory, Rupelian zone in dry forest,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.34617" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-23.34617">-23.34617</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.35817" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="44.35817">44.35817</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="m" value="290.0">290 m</quantity>
|
||
, spiny scrubland damp wash (M.E. Irwin,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’ha">Rin'ha</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (CAS); PN Andohaela Tsimelahy,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.93683" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.93683">-24.93683</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.62667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.62667">46.62667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
|
||
, transition forest (M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (CAS); Berenty Special Reserve,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
NW Amboasary,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" unit="km" value="58.0">58 km</quantity>
|
||
SW of Fort Dauphin,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25.00667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-25.00667">-25.00667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.30333" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.30333">46.30333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="85.0">85 m</quantity>
|
||
, gallery forest (M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (CAS); PN Andohahela, Ihazofotsy - Parcel III, transition forest,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.83483" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.83483">-24.83483</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="46.48683" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.48683">46.48683</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</quantity>
|
||
, tropical dry forest, transition between spiny and dry deciduous forests (M.E. Irwin, F.D. Parker, R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (CAS); Parcel I, RS Beza Mahafaly, near research station,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.6865" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-23.6865">-23.6865</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.591" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="44.591">44.591</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 165 m, dry deciduous forest (R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (CAS); Parcel II, RS Beza Mahafaly, near Bellevue,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.68983" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-23.68983">-23.68983</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="44.5755" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="44.5755">44.5755</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
|
||
, spiny forest (R.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (CAS).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">In full-face view, lateral margins of head anterior to eye level diverging posteriorly; anterior clypeal margin truncate; white spots absent on second and third abdominal tergite.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor worker.</emphasis>
|
||
With head in full-face view, lateral margins diverging towards almost straight posterior margin; eye slightly convex and small (EL/CS: 0.25
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.01; 0.23-0.28), not interrupting lateral cephalic border, level of its posterior margin located at ca. posterior 1/4 of head (PoOc/CL: 0.26
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.02; 0.22-0.28); frontal carinae wide, posteriorly diverging (FR/CS: 0.32
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.01; 0.30-0.33), distance between them larger than their smallest distance to eye; clypeus with bluntly angulate anterolateral corner and straight anteromedian margin; two apical teeth of mandible normally distant; antennal scape relatively short (SL/CS: 1.28
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.05; 1.19-1.34). Promesonotum evenly convex; posterior portion of mesonotum flat immediately anterior to weakly visible metanotal groove; propodeal dorsum strongly concave medially; junction of dorsal margin of propodeum with declivity bluntly angulate; propodeal dorsum ca. 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as declivity. Petiole nodiform, its dorsal margin inclined posteriorly and rounding to anterior margin; anterior and posterior faces almost the same height; femur of hind leg rounded axially, not twisted basally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">First and second gastral tergites without a pair of white spots; erect hairs on lateral margin of head absent; two erect hairs present near posterior cephalic margin; antennal scape with appressed hairs only; pronotum and mesonotum with a pair of erect hairs each, posterodorsal angle of propodeum with a pair of erect hairs. Integument shining; body color dark brown; distal portion of leg reddish brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major worker.</emphasis>
|
||
Characteristics the same as minor worker, except the enlarged head (CS: 2.32
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.12; 2.13-2.46; CWb/CL: 1.00
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.03; 0.96-1.04), with slight concavity of posterior margin; anteromedian margin of clypeus noticeably concave; apical 1/4 of antennal scape extending beyond posterior cephalic margin; robust mesosoma, promesonotum convex, propodeal dorsum straight immediately posterior to metanotum, feebly concave towards declivity, length the same as height of declivity; petiolar node tapering dorsally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Occupying the high plateau of Madagascar,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. immaculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in shrubland and grassland areas, montane rainforest, savannah grassland, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Uapaca" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uapaca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uapaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
woodland habitats (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="F60" captionText="Figure 60. Camponotus immaculatus A lateral view B head in full-face view C dorsal view of minor worker CASENT 0082438 D distribution map." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223.figure60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/678119" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">60D</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is also known from rainforest and forest transitioning to montane forest in the southeast, and from human-modified habitats in the west, south, and high plateau of the island. Nest sites are typically established in the ground, under stones, and under rotten logs, while foraging is carried out in the leaf litter, on the ground, and on lower vegetation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1098.73223.figure60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/678119" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 60" startId="F60">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 60.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1892" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus immaculatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Camponotus immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
head in full-face view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view of minor worker CASENT0082438
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
distribution map.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1892" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Camponotus immaculatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Camponotus immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. kelimaso" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kelimaso">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. kelimaso</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. lubbocki" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="lubbocki">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. lubbocki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of the broad concavity on the propodeal dorsum. It also can be distinguished from other species because the anteromedian margin of its clypeus is truncate and no white spots are visible on the abdominal tergites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
When describing
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. quadrimaculatus subsp. opacata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="quadrimaculatus" subSpecies="opacata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. quadrimaculatus opacata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Emery, C" journalOrPublisher="Genera Insectorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 302" refId="B11" refString="Emery, C, 1925. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1 - 302" title="Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae." volume="183" year="1925">Emery (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not make any comparative study with
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. immaculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He stated no morphological characters that separate the former species from the later, and our examination of the syntype specimens of both taxa indicates that morphological variation observed in the former is found across the large geographical distribution of the latter. Hence, there is no doubt to make
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. quadrimaculatus subsp. opacata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="quadrimaculatus" subSpecies="opacata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. quadrimaculatus opacata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
under synonymy here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The delimitation argument for
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. immaculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is strengthened by the congruence between the results of traditional qualitative morphology and the NC-clustering method. However, LDA produces a high 8.4% error rate in the classification of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. immaculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, due to a misidentification of a single minor worker as
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. quadrimaculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="quadrimaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. quadrimaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The high error rate is due in large part to the small range of minor worker forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="C." lsidName="C. immaculatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="immaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. immaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
available for this study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |