264 lines
26 KiB
XML
264 lines
26 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="EA8202DA8D172387E87E2D9B8F4ABEDA">Taxonomic study of the genus Spilonota Stephens (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae: Eucosmini) with descriptions of two new species in Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C680F7FC893631BA2906BF7DAF82520B">Choi, Seokhoon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7147FFC3EB8AB51DCC79D60B028A37EB">Bayarsaikhan, Ulziijargal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="883B512BCB0EE74294CA2E0AA7039F30">Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Academi-ro, Incheon 22012, South Korea. & Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Songdo ˗ dong, Incheon, 22012, South Korea.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="8409350C647844ACCF36B105E2A93ACA">Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Academi-ro, Incheon 22012, South Korea.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="36FE8762700AB972AEE8E590EE3682A6">Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Academi-ro, Incheon 22012, South Korea. & Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Academi-ro, Incheon 22012, South Korea. & Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Songdo ˗ dong, Incheon, 22012, South Korea.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="912ABA673EACBAA6A94D61770787B95F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CE3B95383BDCA19B1FBB276AA22BF97F">2024</mods:date>
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FF18FC68FD880CA3" bold="true" box="[151,548,980,1007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D0FFFA5FFC7FF61FC68FD880CA3" ID-CoL="92N44" authority="Stephens, 1834" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1834" box="[238,548,980,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Spilonota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FF61FC68FECE0CA2" bold="true" box="[238,354,980,1007]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Spilonota</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8B4B7DFFA5FFC7FEE6FC68FD880CA3" author="Stephens, J. F." box="[361,548,980,1006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" refId="ref10429" refString="Stephens, J. F. (1834) Illustrations of British entomology; or, a synopsis of indigenous insects: containing their generic and specific distinctions; with an account of their metamorphoses, times of appearance, localities, food, and economy, as far as practicable. Vol. VI. Mandibulata. Baldwin & Cradock, London, 433 pp." type="book" year="1834">Stephens, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D0FFFA5FFC7FF18FBA6FE360B7F" authority="Stephens, 1829" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1829" box="[151,410,1050,1074]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Spilonota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FF18FBA6FF540B7F" box="[151,248,1050,1074]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Spilonota</emphasis>
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Stephens, 1829
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</taxonomicName>
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[June],
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FE63FBA7FDB00B7F" box="[492,540,1051,1074]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Nom</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FDA7FBA7FDED0B7F" box="[552,577,1051,1074]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Br</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FDC1FBA7FD380B7F" box="[590,660,1051,1074]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Insects</emphasis>
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: 46.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3006507FFA5FFC7FF18FB85FBD00B1C" box="[151,1148,1081,1105]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BA5368CFFA5FFC7FF18FB85FBD00B1C" blockId="1.[151,1148,1050,1228]" box="[151,1148,1081,1105]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
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<typeStatus id="54A1882EFFA5FFC7FF18FB85FF650B1C" box="[151,201,1081,1105]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D0FFFA5FFC7FEA9FB86FDDE0B1C" authority="Hubner, [1799]" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1799" box="[294,626,1081,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Tortrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="comitana">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FEA9FB86FE7C0B1C" box="[294,464,1082,1105]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Tortrix comitana</emphasis>
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Hübner, [1799]
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</taxonomicName>
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=
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D0FFFA5FFC7FD02FB86FC9C0B1C" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1796" box="[653,816,1081,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Tortrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellana">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FD02FB86FC9C0B1C" box="[653,816,1081,1105]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Tortrix ocellana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3006507FFA5FFC7FF18FBE4FD6A0B81" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" type="synonymic_list">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D0FFFA5FFC7FF18FBE4FE350B22" authority="Lederer, 1859" authorityName="Lederer" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,409,1111,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Tmetocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FF18FBE4FEAF0B22" box="[151,259,1112,1135]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Tmetocera</emphasis>
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Lederer, 1859
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FE2BFBE4FE7B0B22" box="[420,471,1112,1135]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
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<collectingRegion id="49DEF86EFFA5FFC7FE2BFBE4FE7B0B22" box="[420,471,1112,1135]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Wien</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FE6CFBE4FDAA0B22" box="[483,518,1112,1135]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Ent</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FD9CFBE4FD2D0B3D" box="[531,641,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Monatschr</emphasis>
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., 3: 124.
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</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="54A1882EFFA5FFC7FF18FBCBFF650BC2" box="[151,201,1143,1167]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D0FFFA5FFC7FEA9FBCBFE650BC3" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1796" box="[294,457,1142,1166]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Tortrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellana">
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<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FEA9FBCBFE650BC3" box="[294,457,1142,1166]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Tortrix ocellana</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA5368CFFA5FFC7FF18FB29FD4D0BE0" blockId="1.[151,1148,1050,1228]" box="[151,737,1173,1197]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D0FFFA5FFC7FF18FB29FE010BE0" authority="Meyrick, 1881" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,429,1173,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Bathrotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FF18FB29FEA30BE0" box="[151,271,1173,1197]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Bathrotoma</emphasis>
|
||
Meyrick, 1881
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FE38FB2AFE4B0BE0" box="[439,487,1174,1197]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Proc</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FE7BFB2AFD8E0BE0" box="[500,546,1174,1197]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Linn</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FDBFFB29FDF90BE1" box="[560,597,1173,1196]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Soc</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FDEEFB29FD380BE1" box="[609,660,1173,1196]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">NSW</emphasis>
|
||
6: 675.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5368CFFA5FFC7FF18FB08FD6A0B81" blockId="1.[151,1148,1050,1228]" box="[151,710,1204,1228]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A1882EFFA5FFC7FF18FB08FF650B81" box="[151,201,1204,1228]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D0FFFA5FFC7FEA9FB08FD6E0B81" authority="Meyrick, 1881" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1881" box="[294,706,1204,1228]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Bathrotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="constrictana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FEA9FB08FD880B86" box="[294,548,1204,1228]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Bathrotoma constrictana</emphasis>
|
||
Meyrick, 1881
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3006507FFA5FFC4FF18FB47FC540EB8" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="359" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5368CFFA5FFC7FF18FB47FCD50A58" blockId="1.[151,1437,1275,2022]" box="[151,889,1275,1302]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FF18FB47FE850A58" bold="true" box="[151,297,1275,1301]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FEBFFB40FE320A58" box="[304,414,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Wingspan</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE29B69FFA5FFC7FE23FB47FD840A5B" box="[428,552,1275,1302]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="12.0">12–19 mm</quantity>
|
||
; small to medium-sized adult.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5368CFFA5FFC7FF48FAA3FECB0A84" blockId="1.[151,1437,1275,2022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FF48FAA3FEA80A74" box="[199,260,1311,1337]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Ocellus moderate; frons usually brown and dark or bright depending, with moderate, projecting scales in upper part, remainder of frons with minute, appressed scales; labial palpus about 2x as long as eye diameter, porrect, anterior straight protruded; second segment large, strongly, sinuate; terminal segment short, slender; antennae reaching beyond middle of forewing, flagellum with basal notch in male, scape dense scale, flagellum uniform rectangular scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5368CFFA5FFC7FF48FA6FFD3C0AA0" blockId="1.[151,1437,1275,2022]" box="[199,656,1491,1518]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FF48FA6FFEB40AA0" box="[199,280,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Without crest. Legs unmodified.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5368CFFA5FFC7FF48FA44FA8D0818" blockId="1.[151,1437,1275,2022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FF48FA44FEA7095C" box="[199,267,1528,1553]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
. Forewing length 5.6–8.4 mm; forewing narrowly subrectangular, sometimes slightly widening distally, costa slightly curved, apex slightly projecting, termen sinuate and slightly oblique; discal cell long, accessory cell narrow and often very short with chorda variable, from halfway between R
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FC52F9EEFC49092D" attach="left" box="[989,997,1618,1632]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">1</subScript>
|
||
and R
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FBA2F9EEFB99092D" attach="left" box="[1069,1077,1618,1632]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">2</subScript>
|
||
to between R
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FB5FF9EEFB74092D" attach="left" box="[1232,1240,1618,1632]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">4</subScript>
|
||
and R
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FAAEF9EEFA85092D" attach="left" box="[1313,1321,1618,1632]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">5</subScript>
|
||
, but some species go beyond R
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FEF0F9CAFE2B09C9" attach="left" box="[383,391,1654,1668]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">5</subScript>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D0FFFA5FFC7FE17F9D8FDB80930" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1796" box="[408,532,1635,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Tortrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FE17F9D8FE0A0933" box="[408,422,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FE3BF9DFFDB80930" box="[436,532,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">ocellana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1A4D0FFFA5FFC7FDACF9D8FD110930" baseAuthorityName="Christoph" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[547,701,1635,1662]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Spilonota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semirufana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FDACF9D8FD9D0933" box="[547,561,1636,1662]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FDB0F9DFFD110930" box="[575,701,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">semirufana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); M-stem usually appears as weak trace in membrane, extends to M
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FF3FF926FF1409E5" attach="left" box="[176,184,1690,1704]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">3</subScript>
|
||
; CuA
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FF71F926FEAA09E5" attach="left" box="[254,262,1690,1704]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">1</subScript>
|
||
strongly curved and distally approximated to M
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FCBCF926FC9709E5" attach="left" box="[819,827,1690,1704]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">3</subScript>
|
||
; CuP faintly visible near boundary; developed costal strigulae and apex usually with black spots or darkens and with at least some parts of ocelloid patch present, usually two silvery bands with remnants of one or more black dashes in between; hindwing light gray or dark brown, with thin and long hairs on anal margin, and short hairs on termen; Rs and M
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FC3BF8BAFC100859" attach="left" box="[948,956,1798,1812]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">1</subScript>
|
||
usually closely approximated at base; base of M
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FF5FF896FF740875" attach="left" box="[208,216,1834,1848]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">2</subScript>
|
||
strongly bent towards M
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FE75F896FDAE0875" attach="left" box="[506,514,1834,1848]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">3</subScript>
|
||
; M
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FDA3F896FD980875" attach="left" box="[556,564,1834,1848]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">3</subScript>
|
||
and CuA
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FD2BF896FD000875" attach="left" box="[676,684,1834,1848]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">1</subScript>
|
||
basal stalked and apical separated, sometimes combined into one stalked; CuP halfway between CuA
|
||
<subScript id="179E34C9FFA5FFC7FDA9F8F2FD820811" attach="left" box="[550,558,1870,1884]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">2</subScript>
|
||
and 1A+2A, latter distant from anal margin, no trace of 3A visible.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5368CFFA5FFC7FF48F8E3FC5608D0" blockId="1.[151,1437,1275,2022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FF48F8E3FE010834" box="[199,429,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Pregenital abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Membranous pockets in female between S6 and S7, small, half circle shaped; in male hind-margin of S8 strongly bilobed, T8 with inverted T-shaped sclerotisation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5368CFFA5FFC4FF48F81BFCE40FB4" blockId="1.[151,1437,1275,2022]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="359" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA5FFC7FF48F81BFEC3088C" box="[199,367,1959,1985]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="358">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. Uncus absent; socii horn-shaped; tegumen high, robust, with strong shoulders; gnathos two weak, lateral bands, not always apparent; phallus bends lightly with deciduous cornuti; anellus wide ring; caulis long and wide; juxta triangular; vinculum generally small; valva long and slender; basal opening wide; sacculus often bent, with thin hairs; valva neck slender; cucullus expanding into rounded or subquadrangle, numerous thin or sturdy hairs; pollex pointy, one large thorn at end of cucullus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA5368CFFA6FFC4FF48FEBFFC540EB8" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="2" pageNumber="359">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96EEA9EFFA6FFC4FF48FEBFFE2A0E50" box="[199,390,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="359">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. Ovipositor lobes subreniform, anteriorly narrower, with long and short hairs; sterigma fused with medially concave hindmargin of S7, forming a wide sclerotised funnel leading to ostium; ostium small, size varies slightly for each
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A1882EFFA6FFC4FE16FEF7FE650E28" box="[409,457,331,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="359">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of lamella antevaginalis; lamella antevaginalis broadly triangular lobe, usually medially deeply concaved; posterior portion of ductus bursae sclerotised to conspicuously narrow; colliculum about half as long as ductus bursae, sclerotised except at origin of ductus seminalis; ductus seminalis, arising posterior end of colliculum; corpus bursae roundish, teardrop-shaped, minutely spinulose or dimpled, with weakly sclerotised area in neck; signa two strong thorns with sclerotised, roundish or triangular base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |