291 lines
40 KiB
XML
291 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="2FC0E9860C86AE8DB55912BC7FB378AD" ID-CLB-Dataset="22182" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4774.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="269cf599-428d-464d-8f21-994d69110c5c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3825140" ID-ZooBank="B0C4A2F8-F2AB-4147-BB12-63720EEF2516" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589391149229" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ekins, Merrick, Erpenbeck, Dirk & Hooper, John N. A." docDate="2020" docId="03D287B6911B3B4FFF7EF973FD1CFB5A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4774.1.1.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4774 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cladorhiza pentaeiros Ekins & Erpenbeck & Hooper 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F0591E3C-6378-4CF0-8E6D-61BF1C307F1E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="88" masterDocId="FFEBFFCE914E3B18FFE9FFBBFFF8FF9D" masterDocTitle="Carnivorous sponges from the Australian Bathyal and Abyssal zones collected during the RV Investigator 2017 Expedition" masterLastPageNumber="159" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="86" updateTime="1698839471418" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="AF67715ACCBE40090EE40EDEBBB2B672">Carnivorous sponges from the Australian Bathyal and Abyssal zones collected during the RV Investigator 2017 Expedition</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="38C41F56A37E08C8F7710D541DCEE7F2">Ekins, Merrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BCE1E5164EFD4659A7F86534D897A349">Erpenbeck, Dirk</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4B825098B08FAB48F3F8C5CDE4E81C2C">Hooper, John N. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="68B357CACB196683B457575106AE815E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6F1481EC0B05415599DB530F86850BE2">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="301F97A6D5C7AA9C7D2833F44D4CF6A6">4774</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D287B6911B3B4FFF7EF973FD1CFB5A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3846463" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164131164" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3846463" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F0591E3C-6378-4CF0-8E6D-61BF1C307F1E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D287B6911B3B4FFF7EF973FD1CFB5A" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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<heading id="D08C81CC911B3B4DFF7EF973FDFFF97F" bold="true" box="[151,519,1736,1763]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90FEAB2911B3B4DFF7EF973FDFFF97F" bold="true" box="[151,519,1736,1763]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D23911B3B4DFF7EF973FE59F97F" ID-CoL="86WSB" authority="Ekins & Erpenbeck & Hooper, 2020" authorityName="Ekins & Erpenbeck & Hooper" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,417,1736,1763]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cladorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pentaeiros" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90FEAB2911B3B4DFF7EF973FE59F97F" bold="true" box="[151,417,1736,1763]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Cladorhiza pentaeiros</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C57C9911B3B4DFE40F973FDFFF97F" box="[425,519,1736,1762]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361652B911B3B4DFF7EF957FC45F8B7" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="description">
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<figureCitation id="13402A25911B3B4DFF7EF957FEFDF89B" box="[151,261,1772,1798]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1564,1589]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cladorhiza pentaeiros sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G337483. B. Base of the stem showing the filaments emerging from between the longitudinal columns of mycalostyles. C. SEM of the base of the stem, the arrows are pointing to the filament bases. D. Small tridentate ‘unguiferate’ anisochelae. E. Large mycalostyle 1. F. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in E. G. Medium-sized mycalostyle 2. H. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in G. I. Thin mycalostyle 3. J. Magnified ends of the thin mycalostyle illustrated in I. K. roots showing longitudinal mycalostyles. L. Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825178/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figure 17</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6F9031B911B3B4DFEF8F957FE9CF89B" box="[273,356,1771,1798]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="49.[151,239,518,544]" captionTargetBox="[162,2025,595,1642]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="TABLE 5. Comparative morphological and distributional data for all known species of Cladorhiza." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF046628917F3B29FF7EFDBDFB46FDBD" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" tableUuid="DF046628917F3B29FF7EFDBDFB46FDBD">Table 5</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC436A0911B3B4DFF7EF8B4FC45F8B7" blockId="85.[151,957,1736,1834]" box="[151,957,1807,1834]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<subSubSection id="C361652B911B3B4DFF7EF8EBFD91F82E" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC436A0911B3B4DFF7EF8EBFD91F82E" blockId="85.[151,1437,1872,2043]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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<emphasis id="B90FEAB2911B3B4DFF7EF8EBFE7EF8F6" bold="true" box="[151,390,1872,1899]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Material Examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B133CFD911B3B4DFE64F8EAFD91F82E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2617493306" collectingDate="2017-05-27" collectionCode="QM, RV" collectorName="Beam Trawl & Coll. Merrick Ekins & Sample" country="Australia" elevation="2687" latitude="-36.315" location="Bermagui" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="150.65111" municipality="Station" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="G337483, V03" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="New South Wales" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54C08802911B3B4DFE64F8EAFE02F8F6" box="[397,506,1873,1899]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="ED6AAE65911B3B4DFDEAF8EAFDC8F8F6" box="[515,560,1873,1899]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="DBDD9EDB911B3B4DFDDEF8EAFD5AF8F6" box="[567,674,1873,1899]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="Museum">G337483</specimenCode>
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, off
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<location id="8EA4607B911B3B4DFD3DF8EAFCBDF8F6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D287B6911B3B4FFF7EF973FD1CFB5A:8EA4607B911B3B4DFD3DF8EAFCBDF8F6" box="[724,837,1873,1899]" country="Australia" latitude="-36.315" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="150.65111" municipality="Station" name="Bermagui" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" stateProvince="New South Wales">Bermagui</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BA0ACDA911B3B4DFCB9F8EAFC67F8F6" box="[848,927,1873,1899]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Station</collectingMunicipality>
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44,
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<collectingRegion id="49BFF842911B3B4DFC26F8E9FB61F8F6" box="[975,1177,1873,1900]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F36C7630911B3B4DFB4BF8EAFAF4F8F6" box="[1186,1292,1873,1899]" name="Australia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, 36
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21’18”–
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4F5067911B3B4DFF7EF8CEFED5F812" box="[151,301,1908,1935]" degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-36.315">
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36
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<superScript id="7C0E9BE8911B3B4DFF5AF8CFFF43F81F" attach="left" box="[179,187,1908,1922]" fontSize="6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">o</superScript>
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18’54” S
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</geoCoordinate>
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, 150
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38’38”–
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4F5067911B3B4DFE3BF8CFFD82F80D" box="[466,634,1908,1936]" degrees="150" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" precision="15" seconds="04" value="150.65111">
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150
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<superScript id="7C0E9BE8911B3B4DFE17F8CFFDFEF81F" attach="left" box="[510,518,1908,1922]" fontSize="6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">o</superScript>
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39’04” E
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, 2821–
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectorName id="268E5376911B3B4DFCDEF8CDFC3EF812" box="[823,966,1909,1936]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Beam Trawl</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="268E5376911B3B4DFC3DF8CEFB40F812" box="[980,1208,1909,1935]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Coll. Merrick Ekins</collectorName>
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on
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<collectionCode id="ED6AAE65911B3B4DFB0EF8CDFAF3F80D" box="[1255,1291,1910,1936]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">RV</collectionCode>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D23911B3B4DFAFCF8CDFA64F812" box="[1301,1436,1910,1935]" family="Nemichthyidae" genus="Investigator" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEAB2911B3B4DFAFCF8CDFA64F812" box="[1301,1436,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Investigator</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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IN2017_
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<specimenCode id="DBDD9EDB911B3B4DFF17F822FED6F82E" box="[254,302,1945,1971]" collectionCode="V" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="Museum">V03</specimenCode>
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,
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<collectorName id="268E5376911B3B4DFED0F822FE75F82E" box="[313,397,1945,1971]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Sample</collectorName>
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44-115,
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<date id="FFC51060911B3B4DFE19F822FD9EF82E" box="[496,614,1945,1971]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2017-05-27">
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<collectingDate id="EF81E988911B3B4DFE19F822FD9EF82E" box="[496,614,1945,1971]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2017-05-27">27/v/2017</collectingDate>
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</date>
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.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361652B911B3B4DFF2EF806FDD0F866" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BC436A0911B3B4DFF2EF806FDD0F866" blockId="85.[151,1437,1872,2043]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
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<emphasis id="B90FEAB2911B3B4DFF2EF806FEB0F84A" bold="true" box="[199,328,1981,2007]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB2911B3B4DFEB3F805FE60F84A" box="[346,408,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">penta</emphasis>
|
||
Gr. five,
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||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB2911B3B4DFDE3F805FDCEF84A" box="[522,566,1982,2007]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">eiro</emphasis>
|
||
Gr. join in rows, string together, referring to the filaments radiating in five directions projecting from the stalk.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF04662891183B4EFF7EF9A7FB78F958" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825178" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3825178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825178/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" startId="86.[151,250,1564,1589]" targetBox="[164,1423,181,1538]" targetPageId="86">
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<paragraph id="8BC436A091183B4EFF7EF9A7FB78F958" blockId="86.[151,1437,1564,1733]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
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<emphasis id="B90FEAB291183B4EFF7EF9A7FED8F9A8" bold="true" box="[151,288,1564,1589]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D2391183B4EFECEF9A7FDF1F9A9" authority="Ekins & Erpenbeck & Hooper, 2020" authorityName="Ekins & Erpenbeck & Hooper" authorityYear="2020" box="[295,521,1564,1588]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cladorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pentaeiros" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291183B4EFECEF9A7FDF1F9A9" box="[295,521,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Cladorhiza pentaeiros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23C57C991183B4EFDF9F9A6FD9AF9A9" box="[528,610,1565,1589]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291183B4EFDF9F9A6FDA4F9A8" bold="true" box="[528,604,1565,1589]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A. Holotype QM G337483. B. Base of the stem showing the filaments emerging from between the longitudinal columns of mycalostyles. C. SEM of the base of the stem, the arrows are pointing to the filament bases. D. Small tridentate ‘unguiferate’ anisochelae. E. Large mycalostyle 1. F. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in E. G. Medium-sized mycalostyle 2. H. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in G. I. Thin mycalostyle 3. J. Magnified ends of the thin mycalostyle illustrated in I. K. roots showing longitudinal mycalostyles. L. Sigma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361652B91183B4EFF2EF949FE7FF8AC" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436A091183B4EFF2EF949FE7FF8AC" blockId="86.[151,1437,1778,2021]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291183B4EFF2EF949FEA1F890" bold="true" box="[199,345,1778,1805]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
: This species is presently known only from
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C0880291183B4EFCADF948FC8CF890" box="[836,884,1779,1805]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality off Bermagui,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BFF84291183B4EFB9FF948FAB8F890" box="[1142,1344,1779,1805]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36C763091183B4EFAA1F948FF4EF8AC" name="Australia" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at bathyal depths.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361652B91183B4FFF2EF881FB0EFCA6" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436A091183B4EFF2EF881FEA3F8C8" blockId="86.[151,1437,1778,2021]" box="[199,347,1850,1877]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291183B4EFF2EF881FEA3F8C8" bold="true" box="[199,347,1850,1877]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436A091183B4FFF2EF8E4FE23FF66" blockId="86.[151,1437,1778,2021]" lastBlockId="87.[151,1437,152,1223]" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291183B4EFF2EF8E4FEA1F8E4" box="[199,345,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Growth form</emphasis>
|
||
: Erect stipitate sponge showing a ‘crinorhizoid’ with robust filaments radiating upward and outward from the small conical body of lengths up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B4591183B4EFD22F838FCE5F800" box="[715,797,1923,1949]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The stem is
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B4591183B4EFC47F839FC05F800" box="[942,1021,1922,1949]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" unit="mm" value="59.0">59 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and has fine filaments radiating in five directions projecting from the cylindrical stalk (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A2591183B4EFD1BF81CFCA7F85C" box="[754,863,1959,1985]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1564,1589]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cladorhiza pentaeiros sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G337483. B. Base of the stem showing the filaments emerging from between the longitudinal columns of mycalostyles. C. SEM of the base of the stem, the arrows are pointing to the filament bases. D. Small tridentate ‘unguiferate’ anisochelae. E. Large mycalostyle 1. F. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in E. G. Medium-sized mycalostyle 2. H. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in G. I. Thin mycalostyle 3. J. Magnified ends of the thin mycalostyle illustrated in I. K. roots showing longitudinal mycalostyles. L. Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825178/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Figure 17</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B) and the stalk is composed of five longitudinal bundles of mycalostyles, between these five bundles arise the filaments in five parallel columns. Each filament is uniformly arranged
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B4591193B4FFE91FF22FE42FF2E" box="[376,442,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
apart. The maximum length of the filaments are currently only
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B4591193B4FFB61FF23FB27FF2E" box="[1160,1247,152,179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length, which is probably far shorter than in life as this represents the buttressed support length only. The length of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C0880291193B4FFAC8FF06FA7BFF4A" box="[1313,1411,189,215]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B4591193B4FFF7EFF5AFF1EFF66" box="[151,230,225,251]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="77.0">77 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4C839B4591193B4FFEBCFF5AFE6EFF66" box="[341,406,225,251]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436A091193B4FFF2EFEBEFD42FE82" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1223]" box="[199,698,261,287]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFF2EFEBEFEEEFE82" box="[199,278,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
: Cream alive on deck and in ethanol.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436A091193B4FFF2EFE92FC01FEDE" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1223]" box="[199,1017,297,323]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFF2EFE92FE58FEDE" box="[199,416,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Ectosomal skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
: Thin and membranous with anisochelae and sigmas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436A091193B4FFF2EFEF6FE3BFD86" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFF2EFEF6FE51FEFA" box="[199,425,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Endosomal skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
: The endosomal skeleton of the stem consists of five longitudinal tightly packed bundles containing all three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C0880291193B4FFE97FECAFE41FE16" box="[382,441,369,395]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of mycalostyles, dominated by the large mycalostyles 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A2591193B4FFBB8FECAFB18FE16" box="[1105,1248,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1564,1589]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cladorhiza pentaeiros sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G337483. B. Base of the stem showing the filaments emerging from between the longitudinal columns of mycalostyles. C. SEM of the base of the stem, the arrows are pointing to the filament bases. D. Small tridentate ‘unguiferate’ anisochelae. E. Large mycalostyle 1. F. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in E. G. Medium-sized mycalostyle 2. H. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in G. I. Thin mycalostyle 3. J. Magnified ends of the thin mycalostyle illustrated in I. K. roots showing longitudinal mycalostyles. L. Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825178/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Figure 17 B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Between these bundles are very thin wedges of styles, embedded in these and at right angle to the longitudinal bundles are the buttressed supports for the filaments, dominated by the middle sized mycalostyles 2 (Figiure 17 C). The capitulum filaments also consist of tightly packed longitudinal bundles of all three mycalostyles, dominated by the large mycalostyles 1 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A2591193B4FFEC0FDBAFE4EFD86" box="[297,438,513,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1564,1589]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cladorhiza pentaeiros sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G337483. B. Base of the stem showing the filaments emerging from between the longitudinal columns of mycalostyles. C. SEM of the base of the stem, the arrows are pointing to the filament bases. D. Small tridentate ‘unguiferate’ anisochelae. E. Large mycalostyle 1. F. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in E. G. Medium-sized mycalostyle 2. H. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in G. I. Thin mycalostyle 3. J. Magnified ends of the thin mycalostyle illustrated in I. K. roots showing longitudinal mycalostyles. L. Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825178/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Figure 17 K</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436A091193B4FFF2EFD9EFE3BFD36" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFF2EFD9EFEA5FDA2" box="[199,349,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Megascleres:</emphasis>
|
||
Large oxeote mycalostyles 1, with a wide central portion (1340-(1733)-
|
||
<date id="FFC5106091193B4FFB63FD9EFB24FDA2" box="[1162,1244,549,575]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="2310-10">2310 x</date>
|
||
22.2-(31.8)-44.2 μm, n=65) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A2591193B4FFEF3FDF2FE7EFDFE" box="[282,390,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1564,1589]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cladorhiza pentaeiros sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G337483. B. Base of the stem showing the filaments emerging from between the longitudinal columns of mycalostyles. C. SEM of the base of the stem, the arrows are pointing to the filament bases. D. Small tridentate ‘unguiferate’ anisochelae. E. Large mycalostyle 1. F. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in E. G. Medium-sized mycalostyle 2. H. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in G. I. Thin mycalostyle 3. J. Magnified ends of the thin mycalostyle illustrated in I. K. roots showing longitudinal mycalostyles. L. Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825178/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Figure 17</figureCitation>
|
||
E–F), medium styles 2, often with a wide central point (552-(938)-
|
||
<date id="FFC5106091193B4FFB85FDF3FB42FDFE" box="[1132,1210,584,611]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="1420-10">1420 x</date>
|
||
9.9-(14.9)-20.0 μm, n=37) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A2591193B4FFF03FDD6FEA2FD1A" box="[234,346,621,647]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1564,1589]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cladorhiza pentaeiros sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G337483. B. Base of the stem showing the filaments emerging from between the longitudinal columns of mycalostyles. C. SEM of the base of the stem, the arrows are pointing to the filament bases. D. Small tridentate ‘unguiferate’ anisochelae. E. Large mycalostyle 1. F. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in E. G. Medium-sized mycalostyle 2. H. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in G. I. Thin mycalostyle 3. J. Magnified ends of the thin mycalostyle illustrated in I. K. roots showing longitudinal mycalostyles. L. Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825178/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Figure 17</figureCitation>
|
||
G–H), and very thin, less common sometimes sinuous styles 3 (336-(568)-896 x 3.4-(6.2)-10.7 μm, n=28) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A2591193B4FFEF5FD2AFE72FD36" box="[284,394,657,683]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1564,1589]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cladorhiza pentaeiros sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G337483. B. Base of the stem showing the filaments emerging from between the longitudinal columns of mycalostyles. C. SEM of the base of the stem, the arrows are pointing to the filament bases. D. Small tridentate ‘unguiferate’ anisochelae. E. Large mycalostyle 1. F. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in E. G. Medium-sized mycalostyle 2. H. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in G. I. Thin mycalostyle 3. J. Magnified ends of the thin mycalostyle illustrated in I. K. roots showing longitudinal mycalostyles. L. Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825178/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Figure 17</figureCitation>
|
||
I–J).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436A091193B4FFF2EFD0EFAAFFC8A" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFF2EFD0EFEAFFD52" box="[199,343,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Microscleres</emphasis>
|
||
: The microscleres consist of very small rare anchorate ‘unguiferate’anisochelae with three large alae and three smaller alae on each end (16.3-(22.0)-25.3 x 1.6-(2.0)-2.3 μm, n=13) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A2591193B4FFB83FD62FB00FD6E" box="[1130,1272,729,755]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1564,1589]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cladorhiza pentaeiros sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G337483. B. Base of the stem showing the filaments emerging from between the longitudinal columns of mycalostyles. C. SEM of the base of the stem, the arrows are pointing to the filament bases. D. Small tridentate ‘unguiferate’ anisochelae. E. Large mycalostyle 1. F. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in E. G. Medium-sized mycalostyle 2. H. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in G. I. Thin mycalostyle 3. J. Magnified ends of the thin mycalostyle illustrated in I. K. roots showing longitudinal mycalostyles. L. Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825178/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Figure 17 D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and rare thin sigmas (26.6-(34.3)-42.8 x 1.2-(1.6-)2.0 μm, n=6), although it is possible these are non-native (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13402A2591193B4FFB28FD46FAB3FC8A" box="[1217,1355,765,791]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1564,1589]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[164,1423,181,1538]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 17. Cladorhiza pentaeiros sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G337483. B. Base of the stem showing the filaments emerging from between the longitudinal columns of mycalostyles. C. SEM of the base of the stem, the arrows are pointing to the filament bases. D. Small tridentate ‘unguiferate’ anisochelae. E. Large mycalostyle 1. F. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in E. G. Medium-sized mycalostyle 2. H. Magnified ends of the mycalostyle illustrated in G. I. Thin mycalostyle 3. J. Magnified ends of the thin mycalostyle illustrated in I. K. roots showing longitudinal mycalostyles. L. Sigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3825178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3825178/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Figure 17 L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436A091193B4FFF2EFC9AFB0EFCA6" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1223]" box="[199,1270,801,827]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFF2EFC9AFE86FCA6" bold="true" box="[199,382,801,827]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Molecular data</emphasis>
|
||
: It was not possible to get unambiguous molecular data from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C0880291193B4FFBB5FC9AFB74FCA6" box="[1116,1164,801,827]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C361652B91193B4FFF2EFCFEFD1CFB5A" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC436A091193B4FFF2EFCFEFD1CFB5A" blockId="87.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFF2EFCFEFEC5FCC2" bold="true" box="[199,317,837,863]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
This new species bears some resemblance to the Atlantic species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D2391193B4FFBA2FCFEFED1FC1E" authority="Ridley & Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley & Dendy" authorityYear="1886" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cladorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="inversa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFBA2FCFEFADDFCC2" box="[1099,1317,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Cladorhiza inversa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B5191193B4FFAD8FCFEFED1FC1E" author="Ridley & Dendy" firstAuthor="Ridley" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="325 - 351" refId="ref75668" refString="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A. (1886) Preliminary report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. Challenger. Part I. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 18, 325 - 351 + 470 - 493. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938609459998" type="journal article" year="1886">Ridley & Dendy, 1886</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it differs mainly by the presence of the lateral filaments in the stem. It also differs by the medium sized styles, and the thinner styles instead of the tylostyles in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D2391193B4FFCA6FC36FC3AFC3A" authorityName="Ridley & Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[847,962,909,935]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cladorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="inversa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFCA6FC36FC3AFC3A" box="[847,962,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">C. inversa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the slightly smaller anisochelae. This species also resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D2391193B4FFE71FC0AFCF6FC56" authority="Ridley & Dendy, 1887" authorityName="Ridley & Dendy" authorityYear="1887" box="[408,782,945,971]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cladorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="linearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFE71FC0AFDF6FC56" box="[408,526,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">C. linearis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B5191193B4FFDFAFC0AFCF6FC56" author="Ridley & Dendy" box="[531,782,945,971]" firstAuthor="Ridley" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" refId="ref75727" refString="Ridley, S. O. & Dendy, A. (1887) Report on the Monaxonida collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger', 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 20 (59), i-lxviii + 1 - 275, pls. I-LI, 1 map." type="book" year="1887">Ridley & Dendy, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the sample from Lévi, (1964). However, as well as the inclusion of the capitulum filaments, this species differs by the smaller sizes of mycalostyles, the smaller isochelae, and the presence of the very thin styles.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D2391193B4FFD66FC42FB93FB8E" authority="Lundbeck, 1905" authorityName="Lundbeck" authorityYear="1905" box="[655,1131,1016,1043]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cladorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="iniquidentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFD66FC42FC51FB8E" box="[655,937,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Cladorhiza iniquidentata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B5191193B4FFC58FC42FB93FB8E" author="Lundbeck" box="[945,1131,1016,1043]" firstAuthor="Lundbeck" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 219" refId="ref75499" refString="Lundbeck, W. (1905) Porifera. (Part II.) Desmacidonidae (pars.). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition. 6 (2). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 219, pls. I-XX." type="book chapter" year="1905">Lundbeck, 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, redescribed beautifully by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B5191193B4FFF7EFBA6FE60FBA5" author="Hestetun" box="[151,408,1053,1080]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hestetun" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 69" refId="ref73978" refString="Hestetun, J. T., Tompkins-Macdonald, G. & Rapp, H. T. (2017 b) A review of carnivorous sponges (Porifera: Cladorhizidae) from the boreal north Atlantic and Arctic. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 181, 1 - 69. https: // doi. org. 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlw 022" type="journal article" year="2017" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
Hestetun
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFEE8FBA5FEC1FBAA" box="[257,313,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017b)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
has chelae with seven upper teeth and five lower teeth.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D2391193B4FFBEDFBA6FA60FBAA" authority="Vacelet, 2006" authorityName="Vacelet" authorityYear="2006" box="[1028,1432,1053,1079]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cladorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="segonzaci">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFBEDFBA6FB0EFBAA" box="[1028,1270,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Cladorhiza segonzaci</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B5191193B4FFB14FBA6FA60FBAA" author="Vacelet" box="[1277,1432,1053,1079]" firstAuthor="Vacelet" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="553 - 584" refId="ref77005" refString="Vacelet, J. (2006) New carnivorous sponges (Porifera, Poecilosclerida) collected from manned submersibles in the deep Pacific. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 148, 553 - 584. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2006.00234. x" type="journal article" year="2006">Vacelet, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also has a similar closely packed filament structure, but is easily distinguished by the five alae on the anisochelae, the presence of sigmas and sigmancistras.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D2391193B4FFD9FFBDEFBF3FBE2" authority="Topsent, 1909" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1909" box="[630,1035,1125,1151]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cladorhiza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="thomsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFD9FFBDEFC9AFBE2" box="[630,866,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Cladorhiza thomsoni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B5191193B4FFC80FBDEFBF3FBE2" author="Topsent" box="[873,1035,1125,1151]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref76742" refString="Topsent, E. (1909) Etude sur quelques Cladorhiza et sur Euchelipluma pristina n. g. et n. sp. Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco, 151, 1 - 23, pls. I-II." type="journal article" year="1909">Topsent, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also well re-described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B5191193B4FFAD0FBDEFEF6FB3E" author="Hestetun" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hestetun" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1311 - 1343" refId="ref73683" refString="Hestetun, J., Fourt, M., Vacelet, J., Boury-Esnault, N. & Rapp, H. T. (2015) Cladorhizidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida) of the deep Atlantic collected during Ifremer cruises, with a biogeographic overview of the Atlantic species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 95 (7), 1311 - 1343. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315413001100" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Hestetun
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEAB291193B4FFF7EFB31FF37FB3E" box="[151,207,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also has the close set filaments, but this is differentiated by the larger anisochelae with five teeth at each end of the anisochelae and the smaller mycalostyles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |