233 lines
32 KiB
XML
233 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="4D3AB9E61DBE3F8620B4156D40602E3E" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00300.x" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5430990" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630427707611" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Herringshaw, Liam G., Thomas, Alan T. & Smith, M. Paul" docDate="2007" docId="03C987ECFFF8087DFEA1FCAFE343FBCC" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2007.00300.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 150 (4)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00300.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Cornulitidae FISHER 1962" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="683" masterDocId="FFF0FF94FFFA087FFFBAFFB8E732FF9E" masterDocTitle="Systematics, shell structure and affinities of the Palaeozoic Problematicum Cornulites" masterLastPageNumber="699" masterPageNumber="681" pageNumber="683" updateTime="1699265145129" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
|
||
<mods:mods id="8978F44E53BE186CFF1BAD9D991848AF" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="F29B1BDD8F117D2E449FC05C5DF1F498">
|
||
<mods:title id="66231DA5F2670E1632A32FF5C298C090">Systematics, shell structure and affinities of the Palaeozoic Problematicum Cornulites</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="B89FB7926FC69CA122EFFEE987F882D8" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="20A71E6E7666B021FCF20780DB8CABD7">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F220F78EB735219BA5CA528CF307DB63">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="8D545084645931B9C4BEC3577BB4205B">Herringshaw, Liam G.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="93A47076C83C2F110804D3F3B14AF14D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="29CB77EF51029E1BEFF38A73F4203C43">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="4DF7C5463569D785090CA4BB02F3E2FC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0E48FCF4A8733CCD677035DC90B89816">Thomas, Alan T.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="BA5E66722968765428B2954ECB2058F9" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="0111077BDDFDA942BB208D648AC9AF8B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="497E88CE0CBB36F9ABDC2BCA524B7DF7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="7D0378C1BDED62F5C78073FDF591560C">Smith, M. Paul</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="E5D6F14E41B32F426B1278FCBF38450C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="BC470064DA02DAFBFD8010A22DD58BE4" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="7AE972A00FA9B176ABFA6875EF6EF322">
|
||
<mods:title id="1829C9C649AC4404ADCE40D19579492D">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="D20A39901681BB7786B178B198302093">
|
||
<mods:date id="4F177EB9370FA9D3F884E19AA4191368">2007</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="75C44548E36FA7D2980D084BD8F9A809" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="81BD9C8DF1CD152A4237BC4695AB72D1">2007-08-31</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="8CF1A85C7FFD85C001BCA553A87E377F" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="F84D5863808AC1284F6A238D40219C61">150</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="DE716FB5145BBD27F94C0BA7C5367886" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="00E48FE4EA40A71E676F8E61D914E587">4</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="6E7F4C47F5EDE3816719BF71125F04B2" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="7819833EB04EE5D31F9BBD4FB469D695">681</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="66B25C9BBB21E6BF561870AB8A8F9B45">699</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="CCA8557C3251C945AFEC37734507F0DE">
|
||
<mods:url id="39A1B3362D85F321358D94BE30C64D07">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00300.x</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="8F4D9033F4C077D3F20E2BFDE8877D8D">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="332476C83328B8FA2DA2E338A9029353" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00300.x</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DFB6277D034489E16BC3055346EDFA2C" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E643B9390837F77307E0A28C6157875D" type="Zenodo-Dep">5430990</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03C987ECFFF8087DFEA1FCAFE343FBCC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C987ECFFF8087DFEA1FCAFE343FBCC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C987ECFFF8087DFEA1FCAFE343FBCC" lastPageNumber="683" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A6571FFF8087DFEA1FCAFE55BFCB1" box="[283,617,791,815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FAFFF8087DFEA1FCAFE55BFCB1" blockId="2.[283,617,791,815]" box="[283,617,791,815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">
|
||
<heading id="D0978196FFF8087DFEA1FCAFE55BFCB1" box="[283,617,791,815]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" reason="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFEA1FCAFE55BFCB1" authority="FISHER, 1962" authorityName="FISHER" authorityYear="1962" box="[283,617,791,815]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">
|
||
CORNULITIDAE
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFE77FCAFE55BFCB1" author="Fisher DW" box="[461,617,791,815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="143" refId="ref13297" refString="Fisher DW. 1962. Small conoidal shells of uncertain affinities. In: Moore RC, ed. Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Part W. Miscellanea. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America and Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas Press, W 98 - W 143." type="book chapter" year="1962">FISHER, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A6571FFF8087DFF34FCFFE343FBCC" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FAFFF8087DFF34FCFFE517F907" blockId="2.[142,758,839,1904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFF34FCFFE7CBFCC2" box="[142,249,839,860]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFEBCFCFFE6ADFCC3" author="Fisher DW" box="[262,415,839,861]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="143" refId="ref13297" refString="Fisher DW. 1962. Small conoidal shells of uncertain affinities. In: Moore RC, ed. Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Part W. Miscellanea. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America and Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas Press, W 98 - W 143." type="book chapter" year="1962">Fisher (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erected the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFD94FCFFE58CFCC3" authorityName="FISHER" authorityYear="1962" box="[558,702,839,861]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Cornulitidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a family containing four genera –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFD90FCDEE62AFC04" authority="Schlotheim, 1820" authorityName="Schlotheim" authorityYear="1820" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFD90FCDEE592FCE5" box="[554,672,870,891]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulites</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFD0AFCDEE62AFC04" author="Schlotheim EF" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" refId="ref14184" refString="Schlotheim EF, von 1820. Die Petrefactenkunde auf ihrem jetzigen Standpunkte durch die Beschreibung seiner Sammlung versteinerter und fossiler Uberreste des Thier- und Pflanzenreichs der Vorwelt erlautert. Gotha. 15 pls." type="book" year="1820">Schlotheim, 1820</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFE9FFC3DE5BBFC04" authority="Nicholson, 1872 a" authorityName="Nicholson" authorityYear="1872" box="[293,649,901,923]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Conchicolites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFE9FFC3DE689FC04" box="[293,443,901,922]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Conchicolites</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFE79FC3DE5BBFC04" author="Nicholson HA" box="[451,649,901,923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="202 - 206" refId="ref13844" refString="Nicholson HA. 1872 a. On the genera Cornulites and Tentaculites, and on a new genus Conchicolites. American Journal of Science 3: 202 - 206." type="journal article" year="1872">Nicholson, 1872a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFD2CFC3DE654FC27" authority="Howell, 1952" authorityName="Howell" authorityYear="1952" class="Unranked" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulitella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFD2CFC3DE7F2FC26" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulitella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFF77FC1BE654FC27" author="Howell BF" box="[205,358,931,953]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="37 - 40" refId="ref13592" refString="Howell BF. 1952. New Carboniferous serpulid worm from Missouri. Bulletin of the Wagner Free Institute of Science, Philadelphia 27: 37 - 40, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1952">Howell, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFE10FC1BE59DFC27" authority="Prantl, 1946" authorityName="Prantl" authorityYear="1946" box="[426,687,931,953]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Kolihaia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFE10FC1BE53FFC26" box="[426,525,931,952]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Kolihaia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFDA3FC1BE59DFC27" author="Prantl F" box="[537,687,931,953]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="5" refId="ref13993" refString="Prantl F. 1946. Kolihaia eremita nov. gen., nov. spec., a new Tubicolar Annelide from the Silurian of Bohemia. Memoires de la Societe Royale des Lettres et des Sciences de Boheme, Annee 1944: 5." type="journal article" year="1946">Prantl, 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Only Silurian species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFED0FC7AE6D2FC49" authorityName="Schlotheim" authorityYear="1820" box="[362,480,962,983]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFED0FC7AE6D2FC49" box="[362,480,962,983]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are described here, and a revision of the whole group is not attempted, but previously published descriptions and illustrations suggest that cornulitids have been excessively subdivided at generic level. For example,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFE44FB85E5BAFBCC" authorityName="Howell" authorityYear="1952" box="[510,648,1085,1106]" class="Unranked" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulitella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFE44FB85E5BAFBCC" box="[510,648,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulitella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[a name proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFE9AFBE3E6F3FBEF" author="Howell BF" box="[288,449,1115,1137]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="37 - 40" refId="ref13592" refString="Howell BF. 1952. New Carboniferous serpulid worm from Missouri. Bulletin of the Wagner Free Institute of Science, Philadelphia 27: 37 - 40, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1952">Howell (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to replace
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFDF8FBE4E639FB0E" authority="Nicholson, 1872 b" authorityName="Nicholson" authorityYear="1872" class="Arachnida" family="Stygnidae" genus="Ortonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFDF8FBE4E5A9FBEF" box="[578,667,1116,1137]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Ortonia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFD1EFBE3E639FB0E" author="Nicholson HA" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="446 - 449" refId="ref13874" refString="Nicholson HA. 1872 b. On Ortonia, a new genus of fossil tubicolar Annelides, with notes on the genus Tentaculites. Geological Magazine 9: 446 - 449." type="journal article" year="1872">Nicholson, 1872b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which Howell showed to be preoccupied] was originally described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFE6AFB21E5ACFB31" author="Nicholson HA" box="[464,670,1177,1199]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="446 - 449" refId="ref13874" refString="Nicholson HA. 1872 b. On Ortonia, a new genus of fossil tubicolar Annelides, with notes on the genus Tentaculites. Geological Magazine 9: 446 - 449." type="journal article" year="1872">Nicholson (1872b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as separable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFE9BFB0FE6A5FB52" authorityName="Schlotheim" authorityYear="1820" box="[289,407,1207,1228]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFE9BFB0FE6A5FB52" box="[289,407,1207,1228]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the grounds that its shell was smaller, entirely attached to other organisms, devoid of costae, and had a cellular structure restricted to just one side of the shell. However, this comparison was based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFE0AFA8AE514FAD9" authorityName="Schlotheim" authorityYear="1820" box="[432,550,1330,1351]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFE0AFA8AE514FAD9" box="[432,550,1330,1351]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being defined as a large, unattached shell with distinct costae, rather than the small form originally figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFDCFFAD7E7EAFA3A" author="Schlotheim EF" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" refId="ref14184" refString="Schlotheim EF, von 1820. Die Petrefactenkunde auf ihrem jetzigen Standpunkte durch die Beschreibung seiner Sammlung versteinerter und fossiler Uberreste des Thier- und Pflanzenreichs der Vorwelt erlautert. Gotha. 15 pls." type="book" year="1820">Schlotheim (1820)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. If the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB8858FFF8087DFE8AFA36E653FA3D" box="[304,353,1422,1443]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFE5FFA36E5B5FA3D" box="[485,647,1422,1443]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFE5FFA36E55DFA3D" authorityName="Howell" authorityYear="1952" box="[485,623,1422,1443]" class="Unranked" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulitella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Cornulitella</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFD2BFA36E654FA5D" authority="(Nicholson, 1872 b)" baseAuthorityName="Nicholson" baseAuthorityYear="1872" class="Unranked" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulitella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFD2BFA36E5C4FA3A" box="[657,758,1422,1444]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">C. conica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFF2FFA15E66DFA5D" author="Nicholson HA" box="[149,351,1453,1475]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="446 - 449" refId="ref13874" refString="Nicholson HA. 1872 b. On Ortonia, a new genus of fossil tubicolar Annelides, with notes on the genus Tentaculites. Geological Magazine 9: 446 - 449." type="journal article" year="1872">Nicholson, 1872b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– is compared with Schlotheim’s illustration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFE81FA73E50DFA7E" authorityName="Schlotheim" authorityYear="1820" box="[315,575,1483,1504]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serpularius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFE81FA73E50DFA7E" box="[315,575,1483,1504]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulites serpularius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the only clear morphological difference is the presence of a cellular structure on one side of the shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFDE9F9B1E58AF980" baseAuthorityName="Nicholson" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[595,696,1545,1566]" class="Unranked" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulitella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="conica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFDE9F9B1E58AF980" box="[595,696,1545,1566]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">C. conica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The degree of attachment of a cornulitid is at least partly dependent on the availability of suitable substrate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFF2CF9DDE63DF9E4" author="Hall J" box="[150,271,1637,1659]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref13508" refString="Hall J. 1888. Supplement, containing descriptions and illustrations of Pteropoda, Cephalopoda and Annelida. Geological Survey of New York, Palaeontology 7 (supplement to vol. 5, part 2): 1 - 42, 18 pls." type="journal article" year="1888">Hall, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; also see below) and is an unreliable character upon which to found a genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FAFFF8087DFF1DF91AE256FE72" blockId="2.[142,758,839,1904]" lastBlockId="2.[806,1422,195,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">
|
||
The criteria originally used to define
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFDDAF91AE5C4F929" authorityName="Nicholson" authorityYear="1872" box="[608,758,1698,1719]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Conchicolites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFDDAF91AE5C4F929" box="[608,758,1698,1719]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Conchicolites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are also dubious, since
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFE27F979E55EF949" author="Nicholson HA" box="[413,620,1729,1751]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="202 - 206" refId="ref13844" refString="Nicholson HA. 1872 a. On the genera Cornulites and Tentaculites, and on a new genus Conchicolites. American Journal of Science 3: 202 - 206." type="journal article" year="1872">Nicholson (1872a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erected the taxon to include cornulitids that were smaller than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFF34F946E636F88D" authorityName="Schlotheim" authorityYear="1820" box="[142,260,1790,1811]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFF34F946E636F88D" box="[142,260,1790,1811]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and occurred in large clusters attached to a foreign body. Unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFE2BF8A5E529F8AC" authorityName="Howell" authorityYear="1952" box="[401,539,1821,1842]" class="Unranked" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulitella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFE2BF8A5E529F8AC" box="[401,539,1821,1842]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulitella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, no cellular shell structure was observed and the tube wall was thin, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFF7BF8E2E6A6F8EE" author="Nicholson HA" box="[193,404,1882,1904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="446 - 449" refId="ref13874" refString="Nicholson HA. 1872 b. On Ortonia, a new genus of fossil tubicolar Annelides, with notes on the genus Tentaculites. Geological Magazine 9: 446 - 449." type="journal article" year="1872">Nicholson (1872b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
separated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFDA4F8E2E586F8F1" authorityName="Nicholson" authorityYear="1872" box="[542,692,1882,1903]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Conchicolites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFDA4F8E2E586F8F1" box="[542,692,1882,1903]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Conchicolites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFC9CFF7BE482FF46" authorityName="Howell" authorityYear="1952" box="[806,944,195,216]" class="Unranked" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulitella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFC9CFF7BE482FF46" box="[806,944,195,216]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulitella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
essentially on ecological grounds, the latter being more completely attached to its substrate and never occurring in such large clusters. Nevertheless, subsequent authors (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFB2AFEA7E217FEAB" author="Prantl F" box="[1168,1317,287,309]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref14038" refString="Prantl F. 1950. The genus Conchicolites Nicholson, 1872 (Serpulimorpha) in the Ordovician of Bohemia. Memoires de la Societe Royale des Lettres et des Sciences de Boheme, Annee 1948 (9): 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1950">Prantl, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFA8CFEA7E48EFECA" author="Vinn O & Mutvei H" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="726 - 737" refId="ref14426" refString="Vinn O, Mutvei H. 2005. Observations on the morphology and affinities of cornulitids from the Ordovician of Anticosti Island and the Silurian of Gotland. Journal of Paleontology 79: 726 - 737." type="journal article" year="2005">Vinn & Mutvei, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) have argued that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFB2BFE86E215FECD" authorityName="Nicholson" authorityYear="1872" box="[1169,1319,318,339]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Conchicolites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFB2BFE86E215FECD" box="[1169,1319,318,339]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Conchicolites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is generically distinct, emphasizing that its thinner, noncellular shell wall structure distinguishes it clearly from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFCDDFE22E4EFFE31" authorityName="Schlotheim" authorityYear="1820" box="[871,989,410,431]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFCDDFE22E4EFFE31" box="[871,989,410,431]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Indeed,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFBF4FE22E2BFFE2E" author="Vinn O & Mutvei H" box="[1102,1421,410,432]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="726 - 737" refId="ref14426" refString="Vinn O, Mutvei H. 2005. Observations on the morphology and affinities of cornulitids from the Ordovician of Anticosti Island and the Silurian of Gotland. Journal of Paleontology 79: 726 - 737." type="journal article" year="2005">Vinn & Mutvei (2005: 726)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that ‘the two taxa were probably unrelated and that cornulitids may be a polyphyletic taxon.’
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FAFFF8087DFC85FE4EE313FD5A" blockId="2.[806,1422,195,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">
|
||
The fourth taxon included in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFB6CFE4EE254FD92" authorityName="FISHER" authorityYear="1962" box="[1238,1382,502,524]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Cornulitidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFC9CFDADE4F0FDB5" author="Fisher DW" box="[806,962,533,555]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="143" refId="ref13297" refString="Fisher DW. 1962. Small conoidal shells of uncertain affinities. In: Moore RC, ed. Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Part W. Miscellanea. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America and Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas Press, W 98 - W 143." type="book chapter" year="1962">Fisher (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFC59FDADE272FDB5" authority="Prantl, 1946" authorityName="Prantl" authorityYear="1946" box="[995,1344,533,555]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Kolihaia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" rank="species" species="eremita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFC59FDADE397FDB4" box="[995,1189,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Kolihaia eremita</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFB0AFDADE272FDB5" author="Prantl F" box="[1200,1344,533,555]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="5" refId="ref13993" refString="Prantl F. 1946. Kolihaia eremita nov. gen., nov. spec., a new Tubicolar Annelide from the Silurian of Bohemia. Memoires de la Societe Royale des Lettres et des Sciences de Boheme, Annee 1944: 5." type="journal article" year="1946">Prantl, 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– was diagnosed as a tubular shell with ‘radical [proximal] expansions that may bifurcate’ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFB25FDEAE203FDF6" author="Fisher DW" box="[1183,1329,594,616]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="143" refId="ref13297" refString="Fisher DW. 1962. Small conoidal shells of uncertain affinities. In: Moore RC, ed. Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Part W. Miscellanea. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America and Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas Press, W 98 - W 143." type="book chapter" year="1962">Fisher, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: W138), indicating a taxon quite unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFB37FDC9E231FD18" authorityName="Schlotheim" authorityYear="1820" box="[1165,1283,625,646]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFB37FDC9E231FD18" box="[1165,1283,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFAABFDC9E246FD18" authorityName="Prantl" authorityYear="1946" box="[1297,1396,625,646]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Kolihaia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFAABFDC9E246FD18" box="[1297,1396,625,646]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Kolihaia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is now regarded as an epiplanktic anthozoan (Kříž, Fřýda & Galle, 2001).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDF36FAFFF8087DFC85FD75E343FBCC" blockId="2.[806,1422,195,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">
|
||
In his brief account of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFBEDFD75E3D5FD7D" authorityName="FISHER" authorityYear="1962" box="[1111,1255,717,739]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Cornulitidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Silurian of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A4F818FFF8087DFC33FD53E4D5FC9F" box="[905,999,747,769]" country="Sweden" name="Gotland" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Gotland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFC49FD54E39EFC9F" author="Larsson K" box="[1011,1196,747,769]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="208 - 210" refId="ref13678" refString="Larsson K. 1979 a. Cornulitids. In: Jaanusson V, Laufeld S, Skoglund R, eds. Lower Wenlock faunal and floral dynamics - Vattenfallet section, Gotland. Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning, Uppsala, C 762: 208 - 210." type="journal article" year="1979">Larsson (1979a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified four new genera, but did not describe, illustrate or propose names for them.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFC54FC91E3DDFCA1" author="Vinn O & Mutvei H" box="[1006,1263,809,831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="726 - 737" refId="ref14426" refString="Vinn O, Mutvei H. 2005. Observations on the morphology and affinities of cornulitids from the Ordovician of Anticosti Island and the Silurian of Gotland. Journal of Paleontology 79: 726 - 737." type="journal article" year="2005">Vinn & Mutvei (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reviewed the material, but did not erect formal taxonomic names, although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF14B0BFFF8087DFC22FCDEE310FCE2" author="Vinn O" box="[920,1058,870,892]" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" pagination="297 - 299" refId="ref14378" refString="Vinn O. 2004. A new spiny cornulitid from the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden. GFF 126: 297 - 299." type="journal article" year="2004">Vinn (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFB3DFCDEE2BFFCE5" box="[1159,1421,870,891]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gotlandicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFB3DFCDEE2BFFCE5" box="[1159,1421,870,891]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulites gotlandicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Ludlow age Hemse Beds and later recognized the putative cornulitid genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFB3EFC1BE3C1FC26" authorityName="Vinn" authorityYear="2005" box="[1156,1267,931,952]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Septalites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFB3EFC1BE3C1FC26" box="[1156,1267,931,952]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Septalites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, also of Ludlow age (Vinn, 2005). Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C604D79FFF8087DFB2EFC7AE238FC49" authorityName="Schlotheim" authorityYear="1820" box="[1172,1290,962,983]" class="Tentaculita" family="Cornulitidae" genus="Cornulites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cornulitida" pageId="2" pageNumber="683" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B914EAE8FFF8087DFB2EFC7AE238FC49" box="[1172,1290,962,983]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="683">Cornulites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only cornulitid genus recognized in the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation, other genera certainly exist, and the diversity of the group through the Palaeozoic requires further assessment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |