270 lines
34 KiB
XML
270 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="B70252164B99705D75A3E6E73C0E189B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5160.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10544058" ID-ZooBank="A9179C79-EE43-44E4-8723-919505500049" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1656928390227" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Trubovitz, Sarah, Renaudie, Johan, Lazarus, David & Noble, Paula" docDate="2022" docId="03C96F50FFBBFFD175DFE12EFC67C737" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5160.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5160 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5160.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Lithomelissa alkonost, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="2904452E-3B02-47D6-9F23-0E37211ED8F2" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="FFF01728FF93FFF87548E477FFC7C37C" masterDocTitle="Late Neogene Lophophaenidae (Nassellaria, Radiolaria) from the eastern equatorial Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="158" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1705931330204" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="28785E68DC8B3B0DEA6FC6E0E3D3D9A1">Late Neogene Lophophaenidae (Nassellaria, Radiolaria) from the eastern equatorial Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2A29BEEBB36A7531C3CBAFF0DF69AD28">Trubovitz, Sarah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3F0519F9E8726839576D15D5B771F9FF">Renaudie, Johan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B72623BC4D75B89F6200500F07FCA101">Lazarus, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B8E363866B0F9E5ACFA5A96B1814CF24">Noble, Paula</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2B0A8767FF9076BDDC29EE542B6562CC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C3215CB62840D0DBD168ED8C19856F0E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="58BAD30A499533675FE525DB57D6C06D">
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<mods:date id="BEC79EB3022FC717EA4A7499DC650E11">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C0A574A7EB15F80593B2837871966FB0">2022-07-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BB8558661B5FA8AEA66DA9EEBDD6331B">5160</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="31C34B997CBB00C137F939F764778EFE">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5160.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="006CBC6572E187CAF805E215E1EB0F86">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="03C96F50FFBBFFD175DFE12EFC67C737" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2904452E-3B02-47D6-9F23-0E37211ED8F2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C96F50FFBBFFD175DFE12EFC67C737" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFBBFFD075DFE12EFE25C608" box="[151,482,1369,1396]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBBFFD075DFE12EFE25C608" blockId="40.[151,482,1369,1432]" box="[151,482,1369,1396]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBBFFD075DFE12EFE50C60F" authority="Trubovitz, Renaudie, Lazarus & Noble, 2022" box="[151,407,1369,1395]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="alkonost" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBBFFD075DFE12EFE50C60F" box="[151,407,1369,1395]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Lithomelissa alkonost</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBBFFD074D7E12DFE25C608" bold="true" box="[415,482,1370,1396]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227BF2FFFBBFFD074D7E12DFE25C608" box="[415,482,1370,1396]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFBBFFD075DFE10AFCA2C6A6" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBBFFD075DFE10AFE50C6E4" blockId="40.[151,482,1369,1432]" box="[151,407,1405,1432]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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Plate 16,
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFBBFFD07448E10AFE98C6E4" box="[256,351,1405,1432]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,743,1316]" captionTargetId="figure-284@6.[151,1436,741,1317]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Diagram illustrating the general skeletal morphology of Lophophaenidae, and terminology used in this manuscript. Dashed lines indicate spines that are not visible from the angle shown, as they extend into the skeleton. An example specimen of Lophophaena casperi n. sp. is included for comparison to the diagrams." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544060/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
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–
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFBBFFD07438E109FE54C6E4" box="[368,403,1406,1432]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1317,1341]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,562,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-182@18.[164,1422,561,1294]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Internal skeletal structure of Arachnocorys umbellifera (Haeckel, 1862) Petrushevskaya, 1971." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544072" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544072/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">7B</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBBFFD075DFE1B5FCA2C6A6" blockId="40.[151,944,1474,1560]" box="[151,869,1474,1498]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<uri id="FFF1D244FFBBFFD075DFE1B5FCA2C6A6" box="[151,869,1474,1498]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFC6E493FFBBFFD074D8E1B5FCA2C6A6" box="[400,869,1474,1498]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">2904452E-3B02-47D6-9F23-0E37211ED8F2</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFBBFFD075DFE196FC77C56B" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBBFFD075DFE196FD53C685" blockId="40.[151,944,1474,1560]" box="[151,660,1505,1529]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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?
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBBFFD075E1E196FEA1C685" box="[169,358,1505,1529]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="undefined-a">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBBFFD075E1E196FEECC685" box="[169,299,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Lithomelissa</emphasis>
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sp. A
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFBBFFD07439E196FDD3C685" author="Kamikuri, S." box="[369,532,1505,1529]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="163 - 194" refId="ref90498" refString="Kamikuri, S. (2019) Middle to late Miocene radiolarians from ODP Site 1021 in the eastern North Pacific. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan, 70, 163 - 194." type="journal article" year="2019">Kamikuri, 2019</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 6, fig. 5.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBBFFD075DFE188FC77C56B" blockId="40.[151,944,1474,1560]" box="[151,944,1535,1560]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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unknown plagonid group C sp 3,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFBBFFD074A1E188FD00C56B" author="Trubovitz, S. & Lazarus, D. & Renaudie, J. & Noble, P. J." box="[489,711,1535,1559]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref96304" refString="Trubovitz, S., Lazarus, D., Renaudie, J. & Noble, P. J. (2020) Marine plankton show threshold extinction response to Neogene climate change. Nature Communications, 11 (5069), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41467 - 020 - 18879 - 7" type="journal article" year="2020">
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Trubovitz
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBBFFD0771BE277FD41C56B" box="[595,646,1535,1559]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
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||
, 2020
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
, supplementary data 7.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFBBFFD075DFE232FDDAC5F8" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBBFFD075DFE232FDDAC5F8" blockId="40.[151,1437,1605,2028]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBBFFD075DFE232FED5C523" bold="true" box="[151,274,1605,1631]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBBFFD07452E232FE6EC523" authorityName=", Nishimura" authorityYear="1990" box="[282,425,1605,1631]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBBFFD07452E232FE6EC523" box="[282,425,1605,1631]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Lithomelissa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with an elongated, irregular-shaped cephalis that has small pores and a distinctive bulge on the dorsal side of the neck area.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFBBFFD1758FE2FAFBFEC3A8" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBBFFD1758FE2FAFBFEC3A8" blockId="40.[151,1437,1605,2028]" lastBlockId="41.[151,1437,151,1099]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBBFFD0758FE2FAFE9EC5DB" bold="true" box="[199,345,1677,1703]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Description.</emphasis>
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This species is identifiable for its long, irregular-shaped cephalis, which typically has pores smaller in size than those on the thorax. The cephalis can be widest near the top third of the segment (i.e., figs. 3, 4, 6, and 7), or approximately the same width throughout (i.e., figs. 1, 2, and 5). The apical spine runs through the interior of the cephalis, clearly placing this species in
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBBFFD077ECE28EFCF4C46F" authorityName=", Nishimura" authorityYear="1990" box="[676,819,1785,1811]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBBFFD077ECE28EFCF4C46F" box="[676,819,1785,1811]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Lithomelissa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The neck area is distinct for being approximately the same width as the rest of the shell, and having a large bulge on the bottom third of the cephalis on the dorsal side, where the AD and AL arches run along the wall of the cephalis. This forms an outward bulge on the dorsal side of the cephalis. The thorax is about the same width as the cephalis, but can be slightly narrower. Both the thorax and cephalis tend to have pores distributed irregularly, occasionally leaving hyaline areas on the shell. Appendages on the thorax derived from the dorsal and lateral spines are short and/or poorly-developed. At the junctions of the median bar with the lateral and dorsal spines, there are short, thornlike, downward hanging skeletal elements that do not connect to the thorax. The base of the thorax can fully enclose at the base with short feet, if the skeleton is fully developed and well preserved. However, such specimens were rare in our material.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFBAFFD17586E4A9FAECC14B" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBAFFD17586E4A9FAECC14B" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,1099]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD17586E4A9FE85C384" bold="true" box="[206,322,222,248]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</emphasis>
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This species is similar in overall structure to
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBAFFD17610E4AAFBE4C38B" box="[856,1059,221,247]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="sirin" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD17610E4AAFBE4C38B" box="[856,1059,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lithomelissa sirin</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227BF2FFFBAFFD17165E4A9FBABC384" box="[1069,1132,222,248]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(Pl. 17,
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFBAFFD1719CE4AAFAD8C384" box="[1236,1311,221,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,743,1316]" captionTargetId="figure-284@6.[151,1436,741,1317]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Diagram illustrating the general skeletal morphology of Lophophaenidae, and terminology used in this manuscript. Dashed lines indicate spines that are not visible from the angle shown, as they extend into the skeleton. An example specimen of Lophophaena casperi n. sp. is included for comparison to the diagrams." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544060/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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–11B), but differs in that the cephalis is larger, more irregular, and elongated, and is always at least as wide as thorax. This relatively wide cephalis and large bulge at the neck differentiates this species from both
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBAFFD17139E553FA83C242" authorityName="Butschli. A" authorityYear="1882" box="[1137,1348,292,318]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="mitra">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD17139E553FA83C242" box="[1137,1348,292,318]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lithomelissa mitra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Pl. 15,
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFBAFFD175DFE53FFF3FC21E" box="[151,248,328,354]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,849,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-347@10.[164,1423,849,1556]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Examples of specimen measurements discussed in the Systematic Paleontology section of this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544066/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs. 4A</figureCitation>
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–
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFBAFFD17440E53FFED2C21E" box="[264,277,328,354]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,737,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-139@15.[151,1436,736,1440]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Internal skeletal structure of Arachnocorallium calvata (Haeckel, 1887) Petrushevskaya, 1971." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544070/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">6</figureCitation>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBAFFD1741BE53FFDDCC21E" box="[339,539,328,354]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="sirin" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD1741BE53FFDDCC21E" box="[339,539,328,354]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lithomelissa sirin</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227BF2FFFBAFFD1776AE53EFD99C21F" box="[546,606,329,355]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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The thin, sometimes nearly hyaline nature of the cephalis wall and irregular pores throughout the shell differentiate this species from
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBAFFD17673E51CFB8DC2F9" box="[827,1098,363,389]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="ehrenbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD17673E51CFB8DC2F9" box="[827,1098,363,389]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lithomelissa ehrenbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Pl. 15,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFBAFFD171E1E51CFAE9C2FA" box="[1193,1326,363,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1317,1341]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,562,1294]" captionTargetId="figure-182@18.[164,1422,561,1294]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Internal skeletal structure of Arachnocorys umbellifera (Haeckel, 1862) Petrushevskaya, 1971." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544072" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544072/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs. 7A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBAFFD1700AE51BFA5AC2F9" authorityName="Caulet" authorityYear="1991" box="[1346,1437,363,389]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="cheni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD1700AE51BFA5AC2F9" box="[1346,1437,363,389]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">L. cheni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Pl. 15,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFBAFFD175A6E5F8FEA8C2D5" box="[238,367,399,425]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1065,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-391@9.[189,1398,1065,1862]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Locality map of IODP Site U1337, where all samples for this study were collected. Map from Google EarthTM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544064" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544064/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs. 3A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBAFFD174FAE5E7FDFDC2D5" authorityName="Renaudie and Lazarus" authorityYear="2015" box="[434,570,399,425]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="celsagula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD174FAE5E7FDFDC2D5" box="[434,570,399,425]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">L. celsagula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Pl. 15,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFBAFFD177DFE5F8FD33C2D5" box="[663,756,399,425]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,743,1316]" captionTargetId="figure-284@6.[151,1436,741,1317]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Diagram illustrating the general skeletal morphology of Lophophaenidae, and terminology used in this manuscript. Dashed lines indicate spines that are not visible from the angle shown, as they extend into the skeleton. An example specimen of Lophophaena casperi n. sp. is included for comparison to the diagrams." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544060/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
–
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFBAFFD1764EE5F8FCEEC2D5" box="[774,809,399,425]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1538,1562]" captionTargetBox="[157,1428,745,1510]" captionTargetId="figure-251@7.[151,1436,741,1514]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Relative abundance of specimens and taxa belonging to Plagiacanthoidea and Lophophaenidae per sample, from IODP Site U1337 in the EEP over the last ~10 Ma. The relative percentages of total taxa are represented by the blue lines and the red lines represent the percentages of total specimens (triangles = Plagiacanthoidea; circles = Lophophaenidae). The Plagiacanthoidea was among the most abundant and speciose of radiolarian groups encountered in Trubovitz et al. (2020), with at least 10% of the specimens and 20% of the taxonomic richness in every sample. Within the Plagiacanthoidea, lophophaenids consistently made up the majority of specimens (~67%) and taxa (~61%). Data are from Trubovitz et al. (2020)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544062/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species shows significant variation in overall size, but the proportions remain consistent. The apical horn tends to be thin and short, compared to the other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBAFFD17045E5C5FF2FC28C" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD17045E5C5FA5BC2B0" box="[1293,1436,434,460]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lithomelissa</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
we observed. This species resembles a specimen figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF1A3B7FFBAFFD176CFE5A1FB84C28C" author="Kamikuri, S." box="[903,1091,470,496]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" pagination="163 - 194" refId="ref90498" refString="Kamikuri, S. (2019) Middle to late Miocene radiolarians from ODP Site 1021 in the eastern North Pacific. Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan, 70, 163 - 194." type="journal article" year="2019">Kamikuri (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(pl. 6, fig. 5), but is on average is slightly smaller in size and has fewer, more irregular pores throughout the skeleton. However, once we have a better understanding of the variability within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FFBAFFD177DCE669FCD7C14B" box="[660,784,541,567]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lithomelissa" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="alkonost">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD177DCE669FCD7C14B" box="[660,784,541,567]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">L. alkonost</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it may be determined that they are conspecific.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFBAFFD1758FE637FA48C0C1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBAFFD1758FE637FB0EC194" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,1099]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD1758FE637FE73C126" bold="true" box="[199,436,576,602]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6615CFFFBAFFD174F5E637FD9FC126" box="[445,600,576,602]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="generic">76 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
observed from samples 321-1337D-23H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD17173E637FB1CC126" box="[1083,1243,576,602]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1567" metricValueMax="13.7" metricValueMin="0.6134" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="71.567" valueMax="137.0" valueMin="6.134">6, 134–137cm</quantity>
|
||
(Late Miocene), 321-1337A-18H-6,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD1743EE613FE19C102" box="[374,478,612,638]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.85" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.7" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="78.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="77.0">77–80cm</quantity>
|
||
(Late Miocene), 321-1337A-16H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD1762DE613FBC5C102" box="[869,1026,612,638]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.50605" metricValueMax="12.4" metricValueMin="0.6121" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="65.0605" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="6.121">6, 121–124cm</quantity>
|
||
(Late Miocene), 321-1337A-14H-7,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD175DFE6F0FEC7C1DD" box="[151,256,647,673]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="40.5" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="39.0">39–42cm</quantity>
|
||
(Late Miocene), 321-1337A-12H-5,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD177E8E6F0FCCFC1DD" box="[672,776,647,673]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="24.5" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="23.0">23–26cm</quantity>
|
||
(Late Miocene), 321-1337A-10H-2,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD171E1E6F0FAD6C1DD" box="[1193,1297,647,673]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="9.4" metricValueMin="9.1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="92.5" valueMax="94.0" valueMin="91.0">91–94cm</quantity>
|
||
(Early Pliocene), 321-1337A-7H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD174D4E6DCFDFBC1B9" box="[412,572,683,709]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6552" metricValueMax="10.7" metricValueMin="0.6104" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="56.552" valueMax="107.0" valueMin="6.104">6, 104–107cm</quantity>
|
||
(Early Pliocene), 321-1337A-6H-3,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD176AAE6DCFB8CC1B9" box="[994,1099,683,709]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="30.5" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="29.0">29–32cm</quantity>
|
||
(Late Pliocene), 321-1337A-4H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD1758DE6B9FEA6C195" box="[197,353,718,745]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.20575" metricValueMax="11.8" metricValueMin="0.6115" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="62.0575" valueMax="118.0" valueMin="6.115">6, 115–118cm</quantity>
|
||
(Early Pleistocene), and 321-1337A-3H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD1767AE6B9FC17C194" box="[818,976,718,744]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.40515" metricValueMax="10.6" metricValueMin="0.2103" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="54.0515" valueMax="106.0" valueMin="2.103">2, 103–106cm</quantity>
|
||
(Middle Pleistocene).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBAFFD1758FE685FB51C070" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,1099]" box="[199,1174,753,780]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B08D41BFFBAFFD1758FE685FB51C070" box="[199,1174,753,780]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="321-1337A-14H-7" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD1758FE685FEFCC070" bold="true" box="[199,315,754,780]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB60E4FFBAFFD1758FE685FEF1C070" box="[199,310,754,780]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Pl. 16,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FFBAFFD174D9E686FDD1C070" box="[401,534,753,780]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,743,1316]" captionTargetId="figure-284@6.[151,1436,741,1317]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Diagram illustrating the general skeletal morphology of Lophophaenidae, and terminology used in this manuscript. Dashed lines indicate spines that are not visible from the angle shown, as they extend into the skeleton. An example specimen of Lophophaena casperi n. sp. is included for comparison to the diagrams." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544060/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figs. 1A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
; sample
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC6763DFFBAFFD17730E685FC8CC070" box="[632,843,754,780]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">321-1337A-14H-7</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD1761EE685FC05C070" box="[854,962,754,780]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="40.5" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="39.0">39–42cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-138; U15-3.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBAFFD1758FE762FA48C0C1" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,1099]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD1758FE762FE81C053" bold="true" box="[199,326,789,815]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB60E4FFBAFFD1758FE762FE86C053" box="[199,321,789,815]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(1) Pl. 16, figs. 3A–B; sample 321-1337A-16H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD17639E762FBD4C053" box="[881,1043,789,815]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.50605" metricValueMax="12.4" metricValueMin="0.6121" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="65.0605" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="6.121">6, 121–124cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-141; Q26-3. (2) Pl. 16, figs. 4A-B; sample 321-1337A-16H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD174B7E74FFD59C02F" box="[511,670,824,851]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.50605" metricValueMax="12.4" metricValueMin="0.6121" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="65.0605" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="6.121">6, 121–124cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-143; P14-2. (3) Pl. 16, fig. 5; sample 321-1337A-16H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD17004E74FFF20C00A" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.50605" metricValueMax="12.4" metricValueMin="0.6121" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="65.0605" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="6.121">6, 121– 124cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-143; M3-2. (4) Pl. 16, fig. 6; sample 321-1337A-16H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD176EEE72BFB8EC00A" box="[934,1097,860,886]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.50605" metricValueMax="12.4" metricValueMin="0.6121" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="65.0605" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="6.121">6, 121–124cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-143; C17-2. (5) Pl. 16, figs. 7A-B; sample 321-1337A-16H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD17773E708FD1AC0E6" box="[571,733,895,922]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.50605" metricValueMax="12.4" metricValueMin="0.6121" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="65.0605" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="6.121">6, 121–124cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-141; K17-2. (6) Pl. 16, figs. 2A-B; sample 321-1337A-16H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD1759BE7D4FEB3C0C1" box="[211,372,931,957]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.50605" metricValueMax="12.4" metricValueMin="0.6121" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="65.0605" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="6.121">6, 121–124cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-143; Q5-2. (7) [not figured] sample 321-1337A-16H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FFBAFFD17152E7D4FB7CC0C1" box="[1050,1211,931,957]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.50605" metricValueMax="12.4" metricValueMin="0.6121" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="cm" value="65.0605" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="6.121">6, 121–124cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-142; X34-3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFBAFFD17586E7B1FA56C778" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBAFFD17586E7B1FA56C778" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,1099]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD17586E7B1FE42C09C" bold="true" box="[206,389,966,992]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||
Height of cephalis 39–56 (48)μm; width of cephalis 36–48 (42)μm; width of thorax at shoulder area 34–44 (39)μm; ratio of cephalis width:thorax width 0.9–1.2 (1.1). Measurements based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6615CFFFBAFFD171BAE79DFA4AC778" box="[1266,1421,1002,1028]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="generic">24 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFBAFFD17586E07AFA9FC75B" box="[206,1368,1037,1064]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBAFFD17586E07AFA9FC75B" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,1099]" box="[206,1368,1037,1064]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD17586E07AFE92C75B" bold="true" box="[206,341,1037,1063]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for the woman-headed bird, Alkonost, the counterpart to Sirin in Slavic mythology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFFBAFFD1758FE046FC67C737" box="[199,928,1073,1099]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FFBAFFD1758FE046FC67C737" blockId="41.[151,1437,151,1099]" box="[199,928,1073,1099]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FFBAFFD1758FE046FEDDC737" bold="true" box="[199,282,1073,1099]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Range.</emphasis>
|
||
Late Miocene—Middle Pleistocene in the EEP (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E2EBFDFFBAFFD17674E046FC48C737" box="[828,911,1073,1099]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="84.[151,248,834,860]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="TABLE 1. Occurrence chart of Late Neogene–Recent lophophaenids in the EEP." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1F8ECEFFC7FFAC75DFE735FB46C021" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" tableUuid="DF1F8ECEFFC7FFAC75DFE735FB46C021">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |