670 lines
93 KiB
XML
670 lines
93 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297087" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316535" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7dfeadbb-9f0e-4cbe-9c51-2b9d2d4c1925" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905168744" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="A4D44197BFE0CDE8E2ACE468B80D498D" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Gliridae.819-840.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Gliridae Muirhead 1819" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="7DACEFD3BC5B8C022ED9C034C96FCB52" lastPageNumber="819" masterDocId="7DACEFD3BC5B8C022ED9C034C96FCB52" masterDocTitle="Order Rodentia - Family Gliridae" masterLastPageNumber="840" masterPageNumber="819" pageNumber="819" updateTime="1716777793370" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="1D87AEADFE59424F96E399BE2C45B4E7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="92A31E5F43C2B39182D85C0F5D5ABD1B">
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<mods:title id="A34E4E8125DD82B3D8DD20A545EC66D2">Order Rodentia - Family Gliridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="A1CC2EDD97AB387D75B761AF67956375">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="AB862DD0964A7672D2D0A5C17D749DDA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="56E7B6699540ECAE212728E5DC7DF665">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1486C9C6008D42262050B09030C9EE67">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="33D20E10B0197BC0B556E03EE78661FE">2005</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="CF1FD97FE1437AE83D947CF88223849F">The Johns Hopkins University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="EA4A3CE53E3D33B2DBCFA74D2FDA2366">Baltimore</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="19B613B28E2137C528269A96C9F2B96B">
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<mods:title id="61B959F7F48DA9183A26B871A0175755">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="FA72BD22FBA0B94BE1BAFDC5D82D1C76">
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<mods:identifier id="8B005B2C112477AF8EBE4EF21D2CE09D" type="ISBN">0-8018-8221-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6FDD2E971ADBEF0FFA773E4C54E7476C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7316535</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A4D44197BFE0CDE8E2ACE468B80D498D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231537005" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A4D44197BFE0CDE8E2ACE468B80D498D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A4D44197BFE0CDE8E2ACE468B80D498D" lastPageNumber="819" pageNumber="819" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=12500001">
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<subSubSection id="96B45FEC0BC5F457A274822B03102EA9" pageNumber="819" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3EBFE497C65A9E0A4A01B701973AE3AF" pageNumber="819">
|
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<taxonomicName id="D7CDDA100D3DE935B8BC1328A1630DEC" ID-CoL="623HW" authority="Muirhead 1819" authorityName="Muirhead" authorityYear="1819" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gliridae Muirhead 1819</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9E1430C8D3463B9E7A8C2A5EE3C777FE" pageNumber="819" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="466DC443A0FE2CD15D275BC21115D0FF" pageNumber="819">
|
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<treatmentCitation id="7A07042BAA2F9BBA25E3BF7FE66AA1F5" author="Muirhead" authority="Muirhead 1819" authorityName="Muirhead" authorityYear="1819" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="433 (see McKenna and Bell, 1997)" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family" title="Gliridae" volumeTitle="Mazology [sic]. Pp. 393-480, pls. 353-358, in: Edinburgh Encyclopdeia, Vol. 13 (D. Brewster, ed)" year="1819">
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||
<taxonomicName id="C8EA9B61975231934272E9EB34897379" ID-CoL="623HW" authority="Muirhead 1819" authorityName="Muirhead" authorityYear="1819" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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||
Gliridae
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||
<bibRefCitation id="038F37D3A87F606AE9A61410BFC5333E" author="Muirhead, L." refId="ref249579" refString="Muirhead, L. 1819. Mazology. Pp. 393 - 486 [pls. 353 - 358], in The Edinburgh encyclopaedia, (D. Brewster, ed.). Fourth ed. William Blackwood, Edinburgh, 13: 1 - 744, pls. 347 - 371, 1830." year="1819">Muirhead 1819</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<bibCitation id="AB88D76240418CCD6F098D2C2B6DCA17" author="Muirhead" pageNumber="819" pagination="433 (see McKenna and Bell, 1997)" title="Gliridae" volumeTitle="Mazology [sic]. Pp. 393-480, pls. 353-358, in: Edinburgh Encyclopdeia, Vol. 13 (D. Brewster, ed)" year="1819">
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Mazology [sic]. Pp. 393-480, pls. 353-358, in:
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<collectingRegion id="B15B88F063192BB9CDFFDC1E63E6D0D5" country="United Kingdom" name="City of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</collectingRegion>
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||
Encyclopdeia, Vol. 13 (D. Brewster, ed): 433 (see
|
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<bibRefCitation id="9D34B3DC886CFBA8F89B24FAE4C4DF0F" author="McKenna, M. C. & S. K. Bell" refId="ref233772" refString="McKenna, M. C., and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp." year="1997">McKenna and Bell, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</bibCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6014B9F8CAFDB5E5E9248C4ECB55CD91" pageNumber="819" type="synonym_list">
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||
<paragraph id="CCD01C72E9055F7EA69441DC642B2AFD" pageNumber="819">
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<emphasis id="BB94745CCF91C9754605267C73E5D133" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="819">Synonyms:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="437359CDC67AF1BE00BE0F72EE615034" authority="Muirhead 1819" authorityName="Muirhead" authorityYear="1819" class="Mammalia" family="Glirini" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Glirini
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<bibRefCitation id="7E11201F5F6F51386DFE2B94A2566FC1" author="Muirhead, L." refId="ref249579" refString="Muirhead, L. 1819. Mazology. Pp. 393 - 486 [pls. 353 - 358], in The Edinburgh encyclopaedia, (D. Brewster, ed.). Fourth ed. William Blackwood, Edinburgh, 13: 1 - 744, pls. 347 - 371, 1830." year="1819">Muirhead 1819</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="8B3C4610BF500609955F296C6B9B032C" authority="Simpson 1945" authorityName="Simpson" authorityYear="1945" class="Mammalia" family="Gliroidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Gliroidea
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<bibRefCitation id="5F3C9CFB867629B6AE3564BB60DE53C4" author="Simpson, G. G." refId="ref328876" refString="Simpson, G. G. 1945. The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 85: 1 - 350." year="1945">Simpson 1945</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="44E51ADDC593F16CA6469B18E7A55F80" authority="Lydekker 1895" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Leithiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Leithiidae
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<bibRefCitation id="81EDB6CEFB02036D29E55E81279F8CD7" author="Lydekker, R." refId="ref218762" refString="Lydekker, R. 1895 [1896]. On the affinities of the so-called extinct giant dormouse of Malta. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1895: 860 - 863." year="1895">Lydekker 1895</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="21E4209DA392EB89FC62EC1E764A7FB4" authority="Palmer 1899" authorityName="Palmer" authorityYear="1899" class="Mammalia" family="Muscardinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Muscardinidae Palmer 1899</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="9329AB8D679CB47B908E21B99125D101" authority="Zimmerman 1780" authorityName="Zimmerman" authorityYear="1780" class="Mammalia" family="Myoxidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Myoxidae Zimmerman 1780</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="A89175E0C8C2E126BBEA9C6FBE793B07" authority="Gray 1821" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" class="Mammalia" family="Myosidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Myosidae
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<bibRefCitation id="8DAEE7E1D426AD3CEB49D21A674F401B" author="Gray, J. E." refId="ref127912" refString="Gray, J. E. 1821. On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals. London Medical Repository, 15 (1): 296 - 310." year="1821">Gray 1821</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="335102D88E9A300274F34BEC8536B962" authority="Gray 1825" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" class="Mammalia" family="Myoxina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Myoxina
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<bibRefCitation id="53E9EC79EA5125001C6983CF014117E9" author="Gray, J. E." refId="ref127941" refString="Gray, J. E. 1825. Outline of an attempt at the disposition of the Mammalia into tribes and families with a list of the genera apparently appertaining to each tribe. Annals of Philosophy, n. s., ser. 2, 10: 337 - 344." year="1825">Gray 1825</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="FA122AEC69D6BB9F7F24F1BAD8181618" authority="Waterhouse 1839" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1839" class="Mammalia" family="Myoxidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Myoxidae
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<bibRefCitation id="B6F782A3DB24644453727346A8B7D3B7" author="Waterhouse, G. R." refId="ref383234" refString="Waterhouse, G. R. 1839. Observations on the Rodentia with a view to point out groups as indicated by the structure of the crania in this order of mammals. Magazine of Natural History, ser. 2, 3: 90 - 96." year="1839">Waterhouse 1839</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="4D740C7FC5E88D58B709BAF7A035B4E0" authority="Giebel 1855" authorityName="Giebel" authorityYear="1855" class="Mammalia" family="Myoxini" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Myoxini Giebel 1855</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="9413DFBA3DFE27F030F1B037157B88B4" authority="Haekel 1866" authorityName="Haekel" authorityYear="1866" class="Mammalia" family="Myoxida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Myoxida Haekel 1866</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="756B97878A031F14B4B85A3821CD5E32" authority="Gill 1872" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1872" class="Mammalia" family="Myoxoidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Myoxoidea
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<bibRefCitation id="E2FFFABA9D09A32A269AE5AC2A13D3B6" author="Gill, T." refId="ref121299" refString="Gill, T. 1872. Arrangement of the families of mammals with analytical tables. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 11: 1 - 98." year="1872">Gill 1872</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="231ACCC6EA88B5F93D5E811C21DB9EB6" authority="Bashanov and Belosludov 1939" authorityName="Bashanov and Belosludov" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Seleviniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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Seleviniidae Bashanov and
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<bibRefCitation id="BF2CF0C1E867DECD8544BA7919F5C6F3" author="Belosludov, B. A. & V. S. Bazhanov" refId="ref26858" refString="Belosludov, B. A., and V. S. Bazhanov. 1939. [A new genus and species of rodent from the central Kazakhstan (USSR)]. Uchenye Zapiski Kazakhskovo Gosudarstvennovo Universiteta, Alma-Ata, 1 (1): 81 - 86 (in Russian)." year="1939">Belosludov 1939</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6DAD5A295D2D6F4D0A0E72AD42103917" pageNumber="819" type="child_taxa">
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<paragraph id="6005F429D430D12771B3353B40725041" pageNumber="819">
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<emphasis id="FEABBEB76B6B3F78B0CD3E4675CF7637" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="819">Genera:</emphasis>
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9 genera with 28 species in 3 subfamilies:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="78138495427AE1C4DBDC00D6EB6A6B00" pageNumber="819">
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Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="E05A2C3354B3CC9787501B3FF4E59144" authority="Winge 1887" authorityName="Winge" authorityYear="1887" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Graphiurinae">
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Graphiurinae
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<bibRefCitation id="FE1BA1FED6931D8E985A0AF4EC80E425" author="Winge, H." refId="ref391444" refString="Winge, H. 1887. Jordfunde og nulevende Gnavere (Rodentia) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, Brasilien: Med udsigt over gnavernes indbyrdes slagtskab. E Museo Lundii, 1 (3): 1 - 178." year="1887">Winge 1887</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1F246D77416050BD81BBEFE4321550DE" pageNumber="819">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4FCF82A0E198183464A357F272F1E78E" authority="Smuts 1832" authorityName="Smuts" authorityYear="1832" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Graphiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="31782DD4A89B46F370460331C3D3A4F0" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Graphiurus</emphasis>
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Smuts 1832
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</taxonomicName>
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(14 species)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="35EDEB5805AFD9EED7B172B9B5DB5A4C" pageNumber="819">
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Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="3FEC8E6E4E9DC13682AD319E0F3716CB" authority="Lydekker 1895" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leithiinae">
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Leithiinae
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<bibRefCitation id="7C89958F38E6011678034BA67B433E78" author="Lydekker, R." refId="ref218762" refString="Lydekker, R. 1895 [1896]. On the affinities of the so-called extinct giant dormouse of Malta. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1895: 860 - 863." year="1895">Lydekker 1895</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="EC1D62193D026252DBA92AA5D622EC7A" pageNumber="819">
|
||
Genus
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||
<taxonomicName id="A685F072AECE058888A71A23A2BE951A" authority="Wang 1985" authorityName="Wang" authorityYear="1985" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Chaetocauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B839B95826FD44F7EFD55FF772231BDF" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Chaetocauda</emphasis>
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Wang 1985
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</taxonomicName>
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(1 species)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F6A3966E567AD32FF93AEA77E126140B" pageNumber="819">
|
||
Genus
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||
<taxonomicName id="3C68F1ABC73B6BEFFB5C2372197F95A7" authority="Thomas 1905" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1905" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Dryomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B1DD5FA02FFD9D8727609E579B3C0335" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Dryomys</emphasis>
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Thomas 1905
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</taxonomicName>
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(3 species)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D219B3419AE1CAEBA46FCAD6BCD17AB3" pageNumber="819">
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||
Genus
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||
<taxonomicName id="B2045678F2CD6A281E007DB6027046D6" authority="Wagner 1840" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1840" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Eliomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A0891A8B168DBD159E200BD88FCE53A5" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Eliomys</emphasis>
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Wagner 1840
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</taxonomicName>
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(3 species)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="408B5F09639899419E8E9D0FEBA9B0AC" pageNumber="819">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="C6782336D4301CB21CBC4394D15CE71D" authority="Kaup 1829" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Muscardinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="6ECCB933344E7DC6423F3D6F6E8AD110" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Muscardinus</emphasis>
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Kaup 1829
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</taxonomicName>
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(1 species)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="91C4FBD6D534CAFD6F5485415B5DF34D" pageNumber="819">
|
||
Genus
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||
<taxonomicName id="A29B096F8EA8D48929825441F76F3E5F" authority="Ognev 1924" authorityName="Ognev" authorityYear="1924" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Myomimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B5DD31F5A224F1CD08B5FE04EB5666E3" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Myomimus</emphasis>
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Ognev 1924
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</taxonomicName>
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(3 species)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C9F0FBF740B6925B0A9EE726BE44900" pageNumber="819">
|
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Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B9C23002B90BCC48D8336A8CD5C82AE4" authority="Belosludov and Bazhanov 1939" authorityName="Belosludov and Bazhanov" authorityYear="1939" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Selevinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="5CF8D94A6871FC458590ABF98B07C271" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Selevinia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD97B9C65496B2F1D937065A8E99D8ED" author="Belosludov, B. A. & V. S. Bazhanov" refId="ref26858" refString="Belosludov, B. A., and V. S. Bazhanov. 1939. [A new genus and species of rodent from the central Kazakhstan (USSR)]. Uchenye Zapiski Kazakhskovo Gosudarstvennovo Universiteta, Alma-Ata, 1 (1): 81 - 86 (in Russian)." year="1939">Belosludov and Bazhanov 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 species)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EA2D8B182B6B7B1DA8FF7AD5183E499A" pageNumber="819">
|
||
Subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1A742BF5C02B4B6DF347B711F38DFA4B" authority="Muirhead 1819" authorityName="Muirhead" authorityYear="1819" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Glirinae">
|
||
Glirinae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AC32AB95E2341E0CF1D9CA62156E1434" author="Muirhead, L." refId="ref249579" refString="Muirhead, L. 1819. Mazology. Pp. 393 - 486 [pls. 353 - 358], in The Edinburgh encyclopaedia, (D. Brewster, ed.). Fourth ed. William Blackwood, Edinburgh, 13: 1 - 744, pls. 347 - 371, 1830." year="1819">Muirhead 1819</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6D5C9BCA4C5011911DEA1B90ED66B388" pageNumber="819">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="89384ADAF863DBBE3654032ECF403807" authority="Thomas 1905" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1905" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Glirulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6B0E802949DCF990055B46DDE4B320FB" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Glirulus</emphasis>
|
||
Thomas 1905
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 species)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4DE658EC6353CA7B70FFA685B047B457" pageNumber="819">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F82EC2E03016F9FDD846C981195E7450" authority="Brisson 1762" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Glis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="819" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="96BBADD69D17A00887D30D18CF3C21F7" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Glis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="297D985E69EEB48D3646204154BEF411" author="Brisson, M. J." refId="ref42298" refString="Brisson, M. J. 1762. Le regnum animale in classes IX distributum, sive synopsis methodica sistens generalem animalium distributionem in classes IX, & duarum primarum classium, quadrupedum scilicet & cetaceorum, particularem dibvisionem in ordines, sectiones, genera & species. T. Haak, Paris, 296 pp." year="1762">Brisson 1762</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 species)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B18E4F53096D1AA0F1FDD8A5CCDC3300" pageNumber="819" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="75F9D838CA55C67E604057D80DCA1F60" pageNumber="819">
|
||
<emphasis id="9DBDBAB1E28B8A3ED423A842B4640D22" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="819">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
<paragraph id="F45ED6B45F0157D5E07DE83B3E8C2882" pageNumber="819">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D8380DDD5801B6BD3F9924F07E3A82A4" author="Simpson, G. G." refId="ref328876" refString="Simpson, G. G. 1945. The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 85: 1 - 350." year="1945">Simpson (1945)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
deemed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="763B3C1DF110B339B08558FE0AA5AC63" authority="Gray, 1821" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" family="Myoxidae" rank="family">
|
||
Myoxidae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2591170B6EF30CF71E02F051CBF24936" author="Gray, J. E." refId="ref127912" refString="Gray, J. E. 1821. On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals. London Medical Repository, 15 (1): 296 - 310." year="1821">Gray, 1821</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
invalid due to the apparent synonymy of the type genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87FDE27858E7FC9706DEB7AB94FD79F3" authority="Zimmermann, 1790" authorityName="Zimmermann" authorityYear="1790" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Myoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93E8C476D5AF1FE6E9E620D44B58ABE5" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Myoxus</emphasis>
|
||
Zimmermann, 1790
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="309211769E77516E4B0F21BC2ED9CC43" authority="Brisson, 1762" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Glis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="11A79C9C50C0EBC8D47735C703F2F816" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Glis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="07DF38388F7A4BEA96FA119774E46F65" author="Brisson, M. J." refId="ref42298" refString="Brisson, M. J. 1762. Le regnum animale in classes IX distributum, sive synopsis methodica sistens generalem animalium distributionem in classes IX, & duarum primarum classium, quadrupedum scilicet & cetaceorum, particularem dibvisionem in ordines, sectiones, genera & species. T. Haak, Paris, 296 pp." year="1762">Brisson, 1762</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and used
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8ED4CF9C54363355ED18CCD924A5621B" authority="Thomas, 1896" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||
Gliridae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6C1937A828356790532D3BB68CD192C0" author="Thomas, O." refId="ref352089" refString="Thomas, O. 1896 [1897]. On the genera of rodents: An attempt to bring up to date the current arrangement of the order. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896: 1012 - 1028." year="1896">Thomas, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="532D237C0194EEA6CC62B31527C8D22F" author="Hopwood, A. T." refId="ref158852" refString="Hopwood, A. T. 1947. The generic names of the mandrill and baboons, with notes on some of the genera of Brisson, 1762. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 117: 533 - 536." year="1947">Hopwood (1947)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
argued that Brisson’s names are invalid because they are not Linnaean or binomial, and noted that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71C4570FAFCDF6C8BCBFE071F888B0DC" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Glis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6A8A66A11754D595D9C6E09048E531C3" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Glis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is valid in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="006CB0BB84956597DFBF2D1CE82AD9D1" author="Erxleben, J. C. P." refId="ref96470" refString="Erxleben, J. C. P. 1777. Systema regni animalis per classes, ordines, genera, species, varietates, cum synonymia et historia animalium. Classis I. Mammalia. Weygandianis, Lipsiae, 636 pp." year="1777">Erxleben (1777)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for marmots, ground-squirrels, voles, and lemmings, rendering
|
||
<taxonomicName id="54E8493015DA828D887B45FD36AF759F" authority="Storr, 1780" authorityName="Storr" authorityYear="1780" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Glis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E75C390607224B0EEE4892E1EB64A2A9" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Glis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B2BBE2AD0D347D10452E995A7433F50F" author="Storr, G. C. C." refId="ref342030" refString="Storr, G. C. C. 1780. Prodromus methodi mammalium. Inaugeralem disputationem propositus praeside G. C. C. Storr. Respondente F. Wolffer Litteris Reissimis, Tubingae, 43 pp." year="1780">Storr, 1780</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(which included pedetids, dormice, and other rodents) invalid. Thus the oldest available name to replace
|
||
<taxonomicName id="23E252FE6A730A0AA1B3F91D416EE58F" authority="Brisson" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Glis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="6112224C7CAA255711979BFEE83DCDFD" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Glis</emphasis>
|
||
Brisson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="755FAB5A600F22A7DC30F556676CEFA3" authority="Zimmerman" authorityName="Zimmermann" authorityYear="1790" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Myoxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="45D224CF19CEA4A5214013DED089C0F4" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Myoxus</emphasis>
|
||
Zimmerman
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, valid in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4243E4F853BB6DC7D0C9BB5B2E3C4E14" author="Linnaeus, C." refId="ref214097" refString="Linnaeus, C. (revised by J. F. Gmelin). 1788. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis synonymis, locis. Vol. I. Regum Animale. Class 1, Mammalia. Thirteenth ed. (revised by J. F. Gmelin). G. E. Beir, Lipsiae, 232 pp." year="1788">Linnaeus (1788)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for dormice, and, but for the ruling discussed below, the correct family name for dormice would be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47D1496B46769289B19AAC417B3DC56A" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" family="Myoxidae" rank="family">Myoxidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Despite this clear historical evidence given in support of recognizing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C517A7BA8440003B8C6A60F924167D60" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" family="Myoxidae" rank="family">Myoxidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the valid family name for dormice (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A4C6261D7A3FB8184F7E9369F14B8AFF" author="Wahlert, J. H. & S. L. Sawitzke & M. E. Holden" refId="ref380160" refString="Wahlert, J. H., S. L. Sawitzke, and M. E. Holden. 1993. Cranial anatomy and relationships of dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae). American Museum Novitates, 3061: 1 - 32." year="1993">Wahlert et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and despite the willingness of many dormouse experts to employ
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E4D6DD3B43BDDDFDEFB91748835593E1" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" family="Myoxidae" rank="family">Myoxidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the valid family name (Hutterer, 1996; and usage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="444B6BAEC8CF0550955ADB2D3A89175E" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" family="Myoxidae" rank="family">Myoxidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Filippucci, 1995), the unfortunate ruling by the
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CAD40B44D601E38A046A53D58199EA5D" author="International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature" refId="ref168225" refString="International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 1998. Opinion 1894. Regnum Animals …, Ed. 2 (M. J. Brisson, 1762): Rejected for nomenclatural purposes, with the conservation of the mammalian generic names Philander (Marsupialia), Pteropus (Chiroptera), Glis, Cuniculus and Hydrochoerus (Rodentia), Meles, Lutra and Hyaena (Carnivora), Tapirus (Perissodactyla), Tragulus and Giraffa (Artiodactyla). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 55 (1): 64 - 71." year="1998">International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to conserve
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DA14401F46BCA1071D71EA3D23AC46" authority="Brisson" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Glis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7F6DEB0115064C804A20DDFA4A4EA97D" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Glis</emphasis>
|
||
Brisson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
requires that the valid family name for dormice is henceforth
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4DF3D00A2BC7A34FF08BFA44FDD8FFFA" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gliridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E47B5C931D7EF23400658D3CD9A8268E" pageNumber="819">
|
||
Glirids are one of the oldest extant rodent families. They first appear as fossils in early Eocene deposits (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4F27815BBCFA6461DA988E4D19D74299" author="Daams, R." refId="ref72779" refString="Daams, R. 1999. Family Gliridae. Pp. 301 - 318, in The Miocene land mammals of Europe (G. E. Rossner and K. Heissig, eds.). Pfeil, Munchen, 515 pp." year="1999">Daams, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1F5B464A2583761A7CDF284B2E829F72" author="Daams, R. & H. De Bruijn" refId="ref72823" refString="Daams, R., and H. De Bruijn. 1995. A classification of the Gliridae (Rodentia) on the basis of dental morphology. Pp. 3 - 50, in Proceedings of II Conference on Dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae) (M. G. Filippucci, ed.). Hystrix, n. s., 6 (1 - 2): 1 - 340." year="1995">Daams and De Bruijn, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5747624C238ECEB7118BB52D493AD248" author="Uhlig, U." refId="ref361475" refString="Uhlig, U. 2001. The Gliridae (Mammalia) from the Oligocene (MP 24) of Groben 3 in the folded molasse of southern Germany. Paleovertebrata, 30 (3 - 4): 151 - 187." year="2001">Uhlig, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), suggesting a late Paleocene-early Eocene origin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CD5DA1E7D2DBBA73C9AB7104F4065BB4" author="Hartenberger, J. - L." refId="ref141810" refString="Hartenberger, J. - L. 1994. The evolution of the Gliroidea. Pp. 19 - 33, in Rodent and Lagomorph Families of Asian Origins and Diversification (Y. Tomida, C. k. Li and T. Setoguchi, eds.). National Science Museum Monographs, No. 8, Tokyo, 195 pp." year="1994">Hartenberger 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1998), which is concordant with the most recent molecular dating estimate based upon combined markers (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EE43F51F616DF0CA7555A9DAE9B63186" author="Adkins, R. M. & A. H. Walton & R. L. Honeycutt" refId="ref1406" refString="Adkins, R. M., A. H. Walton, and R. L. Honeycutt. 2003. High-level systematics of rodents and divergence time estimates based on two congruent nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 26 (3): 409 - 420." year="2003">Adkins et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B1F59DB36A4A7045723C7D78E84B5784" author="Huchon, D. & O. Madsen & M. J. J. B. Sibbald & K. Ament & M. J. Stanhope & F. Catzeflis & W. W. de Jong & E. J. P. Douzery" refId="ref160779" refString="Huchon, D., O. Madsen, M. J. J. B. Sibbald, K. Ament, M. J. Stanhope, F. Catzeflis, W. W. de Jong, and E. J. P. Douzery. 2002. Rodent phylogeny and a timescale for the evolution of Glires: Evidence from an extensive taxon sampling using three nuclear genes. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 19 (7): 1053 - 1065." year="2002">Huchon et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Gnaw marks made by the extinct Eocene glirid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1583A3D4A919C722F272455A90541B55" authorityName="Vianey-Liaud" authorityYear="1989" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Glamys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2D52E8964AC40C777AC5116FF11C1692" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Glamys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were discovered on fossilized Eocene seeds of a freshwater aquatic floating plant, providing evidence of early glirid behavior (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="33D0DF26A496486A5F6C471A2138CBA4" author="Collinson, M. E. & J. J. Hooker" refId="ref64498" refString="Collinson, M. E., and J. J. Hooker. 2000. Gnaw marks on Eocene seeds: Evidence for early Rodent behavior. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 157 (1 - 2): 127 - 149." year="2000">Collinson and Hooker, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Early middle Eocene sediments in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2B37EB03D4131F8A8FD9D669208B0088" name="Germany">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
have yielded a perfectly preserved
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9FB9BE8D3FA3C95908B9525D55F5578" authorityName="Hartenberger" authorityYear="1971" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Eogliravus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wildi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E762B9F00F478840980DE199E3CE1EA" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Eogliravus wildi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Storch et al., 2000;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92ED409BE98CFCB7FE81A1969242E640" author="Storch, G. & C. Seiffert" refId="ref341763" refString="Storch, G., and C. Seiffert. 2002. An extraordinarily preserved fossil specimen of Eogliravus, the oldest known glirid genus. Pp. 20, in International Conference on Dormouse (Myoxidae). Abstracts (G. Bakonyi, S. Bosze and P. Morris, eds.). Szent Istvan University Department of Zoology and Ecology, Godollo, Hungary, 56 pp." year="2002">Storch and Seiffert, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) represented by a completely articulated skeleton, soft body outline of pelage over body and tail, gut contents, and baculum. Apparently,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6D38F8A3B844513CF0CB07374B2D425D" authorityName="Hartenberger" authorityYear="1971" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Eogliravus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wildi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A5894722C7A76164632A9C005BE6078" italics="true" pageNumber="819">E. wildi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was agile, arboreal, and fed predominantly on seeds, fruits and buds (Storch et al., 2000;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5849C39E8664D0F0871A29C468050835" author="Storch, G. & C. Seiffert" refId="ref341763" refString="Storch, G., and C. Seiffert. 2002. An extraordinarily preserved fossil specimen of Eogliravus, the oldest known glirid genus. Pp. 20, in International Conference on Dormouse (Myoxidae). Abstracts (G. Bakonyi, S. Bosze and P. Morris, eds.). Szent Istvan University Department of Zoology and Ecology, Godollo, Hungary, 56 pp." year="2002">Storch and Seiffert, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Most extant glirid genera were clearly differentiated and exhibited their greatest species diversity by the early to middle Miocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="009AEE48C9205C39D5751C2BE94B1204" author="Daams, R." refId="ref72779" refString="Daams, R. 1999. Family Gliridae. Pp. 301 - 318, in The Miocene land mammals of Europe (G. E. Rossner and K. Heissig, eds.). Pfeil, Munchen, 515 pp." year="1999">Daams, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6FE22A6DB9BB35A64968804650D4A83F" author="Daams, R. & H. De Bruijn" refId="ref72823" refString="Daams, R., and H. De Bruijn. 1995. A classification of the Gliridae (Rodentia) on the basis of dental morphology. Pp. 3 - 50, in Proceedings of II Conference on Dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae) (M. G. Filippucci, ed.). Hystrix, n. s., 6 (1 - 2): 1 - 340." year="1995">Daams and De Bruijn, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="050CC6B7FB4E6A59DF29D2E26939BAEF" author="Hartenberger, J. - L." refId="ref141810" refString="Hartenberger, J. - L. 1994. The evolution of the Gliroidea. Pp. 19 - 33, in Rodent and Lagomorph Families of Asian Origins and Diversification (Y. Tomida, C. k. Li and T. Setoguchi, eds.). National Science Museum Monographs, No. 8, Tokyo, 195 pp." year="1994">Hartenberger, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D2396C4D1F8996941353CF39506AC21C" authorityName="Winge" authorityYear="1887" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Graphiurinae">Graphiurinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are an exception; definite examples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EDF464BEC571D8060EDB8E74C3CE8AB1" authorityName="Smuts" authorityYear="1832" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Graphiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7464CCCEBAC5910905A6FBD6489F82B3" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Graphiurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known only as far back as Pliocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BC26D9DAE318B24507930862B4FC1EC7" author="Hendey, Q. B." refId="ref147166" refString="Hendey, Q. B. 1981. Palaeoecology of the Late Tertiary fossil occurrences in ' E' Quarry, Langebaanweg, South Africa, and a reinterpretation of their geological context. Annals of the South African Museum, 84 (1): 1 - 104." year="1981">Hendey, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E10634FED85062E09DE4EF86AFA4833" author="Pocock, T. N." refId="ref290876" refString="Pocock, T. N. 1976. Pliocene mammalian microfauna from Langebaanweg: A new fossil genus linking the Otomyinae with the Murinae. South African Journal of Science, 72: 58 - 60." year="1976">Pocock, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="84AC4838DB8E4E8844FE301695CE61B2" author="Denys, C." refId="ref81699" refString="Denys, C. 1990 a. Implications paleoecologiques et paleobiogeographiques de l'etude de rongeurs plio-pleistocenes d'Afrique orientale et australe. Memoirs Institut Science et Terre, Univsite Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris VI, 428 pp." year="1990">
|
||
Denys (1990
|
||
<emphasis id="CFCBF747BFA18C9C290B7EEE5A02D7BE" italics="true" pageNumber="819">a</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0AE73661ED2A604B7B158FA532DE07FF" author="Senut, B. & M. Pickford & P. Mein & G. Conroy & J. Van Couvering" refId="ref323714" refString="Senut, B., M. Pickford, P. Mein, G. Conroy, and J. Van Couvering. 1992. Discovery of 12 new Late Cainozoic fossiliferous sites in palaeokarsts of the Otavi Mountains, Namibia. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences (Paris), 314 (ser. II): 727 - 733." year="1992">Senut et al. (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D81F0A7EDF9A61D16DAE8EC74413EFF7" author="Mein, P. & M. Pickford & B. Senut" refId="ref236653" refString="Mein, P., M. Pickford and B. Senut. 2000 a. Late Miocene micromammals from the Harasib karst deposits, Namibia. Part 1 -- Large muroids and non-muroid rodents. Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia, 12: 375 - 390." year="2000">
|
||
Mein et al. (2000
|
||
<emphasis id="CC7F465F4909297EE85173F1C3DFE373" italics="true" pageNumber="819">a</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded late Miocene "graphiurines" from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="576FE54676ACF33FE640AAD55AA1C8D5" name="South Africa">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F437368DF8F59DFD407F2036874881B7" name="Namibia">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The living Palaearctic genera are but relicts of a rich adaptive radiation of up to 15 genera, and it is hypothesized that Miocene European glirids were ecologically equivalent to certain recent murid assemblages (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F6D0121B90C2FF5A75B1873965889B3F" author="Hartenberger, J. - L." refId="ref141810" refString="Hartenberger, J. - L. 1994. The evolution of the Gliroidea. Pp. 19 - 33, in Rodent and Lagomorph Families of Asian Origins and Diversification (Y. Tomida, C. k. Li and T. Setoguchi, eds.). National Science Museum Monographs, No. 8, Tokyo, 195 pp." year="1994">Hartenberger, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="05480C407D96CD37F39CB26656B1F875" pageNumber="819">
|
||
The origin of glirids, and the evolutionary relationship between glirids and other rodent families are subjects of much morphological and molecular research with contradictory results.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CE7E64DC6AE98BE16E472B8F9EA70A24" author="Meng, J." refId="ref237167" refString="Meng, J. 1990. The auditory region of Reithroparamys delicatissimus and its systematic implications. American Museum Novitates, 2972: 1 - 35." year="1990">Meng (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested ancestry rooted in reithroparamyids (in Infraorder
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D2C0D8B1EDA087C6D91A8A891F37D32" class="Mammalia" infraOrder="Sciurida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="infraOrder">Sciurida</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which also contains
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96CCA32EC497777B604229CFE6760BD4" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Sciuridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="49489BFC068448373E1557E9D47D0A28" author="McKenna, M. C. & S. K. Bell" refId="ref233772" refString="McKenna, M. C., and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp." year="1997">McKenna and Bell, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="25A36240C1F58FA9868E45CD79435A3C" author="Hartenberger, J. - L." refId="ref141709" refString="Hartenberger, J. - L. 1971. Contribution a l'etude des genres Gliravus et Microparamys (Rodentia) de l " eocene d'Europe. Paleovertebrata, 4: 97 - 135." year="1971">Hartenberger (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1994, 1998), Vianey-Liaud (1994) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8519B1AD694E96AA8545A557D35E5EA1" author="Vianey-Liaud, M. & J. J. Jaeger" refId="ref371861" refString="Vianey-Liaud, M., and J. J. Jaeger. 1996. A new hypothesis for the origin of African Anomaluridae and Graphiuridae (Rodentia). Paleovertebrata, 25: 349 - 358." year="1996">Vianey-Liaud and Jaeger (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
arranged glirids as sciuromorphs rooted in the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00CE2DBCE864ABD2C8196A7FED68B644" authority="(Ischyromyoidea)" baseAuthorityName="Ischyromyoidea" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Microparamyinae">Microparamyinae (Ischyromyoidea)</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Analyses of middle ear anatomy (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="511817CE6A90BD2CFF6E94E17C6087E2" author="Lavocat, R. & J. - P. Parent" refId="ref205672" refString="Lavocat, R., and J. - P. Parent. 1985. Phylogenetic analysis of middle ear features in fossil and living rodents. Pp. 333 - 354, in Evolutionary Relationships among Rodents: A Multidisciplinary Analysis (W. P. Luckett and J. - L. Hartenberger, eds.). Plenum Press, New York, 721 pp." year="1985">Lavocat and Parent, 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and cephalic arterial supply (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F2804547CFC33B8240F8FCB86BDE177" author="Bugge, J." refId="ref45960" refString="Bugge, J. 1971 a. The cephalic arterial system in mole-rats (Spalacidae) bamboo-rats (Rhizomyidae), jumping mice and jerboas (Dipodoidea) and dormice (Gliroidea) with special reference to the systematic classification of rodents. Acta Anatomica, 79: 165 - 180." year="1971">
|
||
Bugge, 1971
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="561BF9501450D771AD80341E0F4775E0" author="Wolman, A. A." refId="ref393014" refString="Wolman, A. A. 1985. Gray whale- - Eschrichtus robustus. Pp. 67 - 90, in Handbook of marine mammals: The sirenians and baleen whales (S. H. Ridgway and R. Harrison, eds.). Academic Press, London, 3: 1 - 362." year="1985">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9F825C143F7A696D5EF591546B7F395" italics="true" pageNumber="819">a</emphasis>
|
||
, 1985
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) support a strong phylogenetic affinity between glirids and sciurids.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="36036F617329B67B2F382E1ADDA1576F" author="Landry, S. O., Jr." refId="ref203501" refString="Landry, S. O., Jr. 1999. A proposal for a new classification and nomenclature for the Glires (Lagomorpha and Rodentia). Mitteilungen des Museums fur Naturkunde, Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 75: 283 - 316." year="1999">Landry (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, placed dormice in the Phaneraulata of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3026E37998715AEBEB83D0C14FB9E170" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1855" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Sciuromorpha">Sciuromorpha</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which excludes squirrels but contains dipodoids, muroids, geomyoids, and theridomyids. He regarded the theridomyid pseudosciurines as possibly ancestral to Phaneraulata, with one lineage leading to murids and geomyoids, another to glirids: "It would not be too far off the mark to think of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CA0BFB5992CB2D19817CD9107796740" authorityName="Smuts" authorityYear="1832" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Graphiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="11178EA95C05E8205797B18E477BC73F" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Graphiurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a surviving pseudosciurine" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D006393B1D8A38E691BAFF11D3E25FA" author="Landry, S. O., Jr." refId="ref203501" refString="Landry, S. O., Jr. 1999. A proposal for a new classification and nomenclature for the Glires (Lagomorpha and Rodentia). Mitteilungen des Museums fur Naturkunde, Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 75: 283 - 316." year="1999">Landry, 1999:313</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Modern glirids (excluding graphiurines) have been characterized as myomorphous, and several authors included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="84358218E92CF8E2F386D892FB0AA74B" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gliridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
within suborder
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C91A626D8E718F086718A7B4DA164D76" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1855" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Myomorpha">Myomorpha</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D33FCFC3994E9C9BADAB9B4A26A1DB25" author="Chaline, J. & P. Mein" refId="ref57043" refString="Chaline, J., and P. Mein. 1979. Les rongeurs et l'evolution. Doin Editeurs, Paris, 235 pp." year="1979">Chaline and Mein, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A0BDC1C1C4118DCBE4E6E93DC6E0801A" author="McKenna, M. C. & S. K. Bell" refId="ref233772" refString="McKenna, M. C., and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp." year="1997">McKenna and Bell, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F8E609A1146275379ABECE871B230BF" author="Simpson, G. G." refId="ref328876" refString="Simpson, G. G. 1945. The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 85: 1 - 350." year="1945">Simpson, 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Wahlert, 1978, 1983, 1985;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="65D1F2A7184111CC8BEAC3E4508E79D2" author="Wahlert, J. H. & S. L. Sawitzke & M. E. Holden" refId="ref380160" refString="Wahlert, J. H., S. L. Sawitzke, and M. E. Holden. 1993. Cranial anatomy and relationships of dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae). American Museum Novitates, 3061: 1 - 32." year="1993">Wahlert et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="329BE25BF539CA10160AA70D2F8AB078" author="Wood, A. E." refId="ref393373" refString="Wood, A. E. 1965. Grades and clades among rodents. Evolution, 19: 115 - 130." year="1965">Wood, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="615ED2F37A01D2DC5031D590DF145B28" author="Wahlert, J. H. & S. L. Sawitzke & M. E. Holden" refId="ref380160" refString="Wahlert, J. H., S. L. Sawitzke, and M. E. Holden. 1993. Cranial anatomy and relationships of dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae). American Museum Novitates, 3061: 1 - 32." year="1993">Wahlert et al. (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed them within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E832A2CAFA8FAB2563DD436569DEB9DD" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1855" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Myomorpha">Myomorpha</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on derived cranial characters; their phylogenetic reconstruction indicated that the hystricomorphous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A9E3176BB9D3FCC532278655A803F9FD" authorityName="Smuts" authorityYear="1832" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Graphiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9496004E846016C53AFDD05ECCAB3EB3" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Graphiurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the most primitive extant glirid, and the myomorphy exhibited by all other extant glirids is convergent to that of true myomorphs.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A7B4116887E8B79E806A831CBFB324FA" author="Vianey-Liaud, M." refId="ref371732" refString="Vianey-Liaud, M. 1985. Possible evolutionary relationships among Eocene and Lower Oligocene rodents of Asia, Europe and North America. Pp. 277 - 309, in Evolutionary Relationships Among Rodents. A multidisciplinary analysis. W. P. Luckett and J. - L. Hartenberger, eds. Plenum Press, New York, 721 pp." year="1985">Vianey-Liaud (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
employed "pseudomyomorphy" to distinguish the zygomasseteric muscular arrangement exhibited by glirids from murid myomorphy, and this term was endorsed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="199011671A21914492DC89A5D3631DC5" author="Maier, W. & P. Klingler & I. Ruf" refId="ref222421" refString="Maier, W., P. Klingler, and I. Ruf. 2002. Ontogeny of the medial masseter muscle, pseudo-myomorphy, and the systematic position of the Gliridae (Rodentia, Mammalia). Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 9: 253 - 269." year="2002">Maier et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to describe the configuration derived from their ontological study of the medial masseter muscle.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E02A3117525D5AEC49759E30DE3A3A94" author="Landry, S. O., Jr." refId="ref203501" refString="Landry, S. O., Jr. 1999. A proposal for a new classification and nomenclature for the Glires (Lagomorpha and Rodentia). Mitteilungen des Museums fur Naturkunde, Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 75: 283 - 316." year="1999">Landry (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
agreed that glirids do not exhibit myomorphy, but stated that "pseudosciuromorphy" would be more appropriate for the muscular arrangement, based on his view that the hystricomorphous graphiurines represent the primitive dormouse condition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CD55B70201B4384892CB2AFFB582C229" pageNumber="819">
|
||
The inclusion of glirids in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BF827FF506A241DB940D63929A4C943" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1855" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Myomorpha">Myomorpha</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been supported by recent morphological and molecular research (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8844B1FBAB6869BD8ECD6F6DD6752368" author="Adkins, R. M. & E. L. Gelke & D. Rowe & R. L. Honeycutt" refId="ref1350" refString="Adkins, R. M., E. L. Gelke, D. Rowe, and R. L. Honeycutt. 2001. Molecular phylogeny and divergence time estimates for major rodent groups: Evidence from multiple genes. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 18 (5): 777 - 791." year="2001">Adkins et al., 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C80B0375003C8657C26644422075C3A" author="Adkins, R. M. & A. H. Walton & R. L. Honeycutt" refId="ref1406" refString="Adkins, R. M., A. H. Walton, and R. L. Honeycutt. 2003. High-level systematics of rodents and divergence time estimates based on two congruent nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 26 (3): 409 - 420." year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48F8E4FC763F0BEBEEC6A776E659C0BC" author="Bentz, S. & C. Montgelard" refId="ref27807" refString="Bentz, S., and C. Montgelard. 1999. Systematic position of the African Dormouse Graphiurus (Rodentia, Gliridae) assessed from cytochrome b and 12 S rRNA mitochondrial genes. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 6 (1): 67 - 83." year="1999">Bentz and Montgelard, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="15552BFE8A1D74DB1D0FCD09FCD61B5E" author="Bugge, J." refId="ref45960" refString="Bugge, J. 1971 a. The cephalic arterial system in mole-rats (Spalacidae) bamboo-rats (Rhizomyidae), jumping mice and jerboas (Dipodoidea) and dormice (Gliroidea) with special reference to the systematic classification of rodents. Acta Anatomica, 79: 165 - 180." year="1971">
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Bugge, 1971
|
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<bibRefCitation id="5AF81712E436D4FB7816A522F55D5974" author="Wolman, A. A." refId="ref393014" refString="Wolman, A. A. 1985. Gray whale- - Eschrichtus robustus. Pp. 67 - 90, in Handbook of marine mammals: The sirenians and baleen whales (S. H. Ridgway and R. Harrison, eds.). Academic Press, London, 3: 1 - 362." year="1985">
|
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<emphasis id="299DDDFA9F09E2191CA7B3CA4E462E43" italics="true" pageNumber="819">a</emphasis>
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||
, 1985
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD1A5673C3A3BF094AA3BF73EDD47FA0" author="Corneli, P. S." refId="ref68237" refString="Corneli, P. S. 2002. Complete mitochondrial genomes and eutherian evolution. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 9: 281 - 305." year="2002">Corneli, 2002</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="10D55F464478FB44F2C6B973EC5B0AC8" author="Debry, R. W. & R. M. Sagel" refId="ref77113" refString="Debry, R. W., and R. M. Sagel. 2001. Phylogeny of Rodentia (Mammalia) inferred from the nuclear-encolded gene IRBP. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 19: 290 - 301." year="2001">DeBry and Sagel, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="9389854D168318A34788B0F9D7E5DB4D" author="Eizirik, E. & W. J. Murphy & S. J. O'Brien" refId="ref92405" refString="Eizirik, E., W. J. Murphy, and S. J. O'Brien. 2001. Molecular dating and biogeography of the early placental mammal radiation. Journal of Heredity, 92: 212 - 219." year="2001">Eizirik et al., 2001</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="0619AFF8CA1E380EB84A1BFE2134213C" author="Hartenberger, J. - L." refId="ref141709" refString="Hartenberger, J. - L. 1971. Contribution a l'etude des genres Gliravus et Microparamys (Rodentia) de l " eocene d'Europe. Paleovertebrata, 4: 97 - 135." year="1971">Hartenberger 1971</bibRefCitation>
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, 1994, 1998;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="23DCEE39A349DC00F7E9D589AC8501B3" author="Huchon, D. & F. M. Catzeflis & E. J. P. Douzery" refId="ref160679" refString="Huchon, D., F. M. Catzeflis, and E. J. P. Douzery. 1999. Molecular evolution of the nuclear Willebrand factor gene in mammals and the phylogeny of rodents. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 16: 577 - 589." year="1999">Huchon et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="344C6FC305629C5B91B667209260D6BE" author="Huchon, D. & O. Madsen & M. J. J. B. Sibbald & K. Ament & M. J. Stanhope & F. Catzeflis & W. W. de Jong & E. J. P. Douzery" refId="ref160779" refString="Huchon, D., O. Madsen, M. J. J. B. Sibbald, K. Ament, M. J. Stanhope, F. Catzeflis, W. W. de Jong, and E. J. P. Douzery. 2002. Rodent phylogeny and a timescale for the evolution of Glires: Evidence from an extensive taxon sampling using three nuclear genes. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 19 (7): 1053 - 1065." year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
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; Kramerov, 1999;
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<bibRefCitation id="86D0D5A6B4231B579ACF7532DC57FC4C" author="Kramerov, D. & N. Vassetzky" refId="ref196792" refString="Kramerov, D., and N. Vassetzky. 2001. Structure and origin of a novel dimeric retroposon B 1 - dID. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 52: 137 - 143." year="2001">Kramerov and Vassetzky, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="802C5F6358BF7DD4CE7ABC5B78B1161C" author="Kramerov, D. & N. Vassetzky & I. Serdobova" refId="ref196828" refString="Kramerov, D., N. Vassetzky and I. Serdobova. 1999. The evolutionary position of dormice (Gliridae) in Rodentia determined by a novel short retroposon. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 16 (5): 715 - 717." year="1999">Kramerov et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="816434F9F451F68AC87B3C7C3E4D9BB7" author="Lavocat, R. & J. - P. Parent" refId="ref205672" refString="Lavocat, R., and J. - P. Parent. 1985. Phylogenetic analysis of middle ear features in fossil and living rodents. Pp. 333 - 354, in Evolutionary Relationships among Rodents: A Multidisciplinary Analysis (W. P. Luckett and J. - L. Hartenberger, eds.). Plenum Press, New York, 721 pp." year="1985">Lavocat and Parent, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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; Lin et al., 2002;
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<bibRefCitation id="5836F17C2AECA8BFBC9B05F1002F40CB" author="Meng, J." refId="ref237167" refString="Meng, J. 1990. The auditory region of Reithroparamys delicatissimus and its systematic implications. American Museum Novitates, 2972: 1 - 35." year="1990">Meng, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="19629D379CF84492FEC59C7F5E82818F" author="Montgelard, C. & S. Bentz & C. Douady & J. Lauquin & F. M. Catzeflis" refId="ref245546" refString="Montgelard, C., S. Bentz, C. Douady, J. Lauquin, and F. M. Catzeflis. 2001. Molecular phylogeny of the sciurognath rodent families Gliridae, Anomaluridae and Pedetidae. Morphological and paleontological implications. Pp. 293 - 307, in African Small Mammals (C. Denys, L. Granjon, and A. Poulet, eds.). IRD Editions, Collection colloques et seminaires, Paris, 570 pp." year="2001">Montgelard et al., 2001</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="3D6E7969D6C1440CEB7A0AAB391C33FE" author="Montgelard, C. & S. Bentz & C. Tirard & O. Verneau & F. M. Catzeflis" refId="ref245631" refString="Montgelard, C., S. Bentz, C. Tirard, O. Verneau, and F. M. Catzeflis. 2002. Molecular systematics of Sciurognathi (Rodentia): The mitochondrial cytochrome b and 12 S rRNA genes support the Anomaluroidea (Pedetidae and Anomaluridae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 22: 220 - 233." year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="98A65B27B8519D6E44838FA165A98009" author="Murphy, W. J. & E. Eizirik & W. E. Johnson & Ya Ping Zhang, O. A. & Ryder & S. O'Brien" refId="ref250371" refString="Murphy, W. J., E. Eizirik, W. E. Johnson, Ya Ping Zhang, O. A. Ryder and S. O'Brien. 2001 a. Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals. Nature, 409: 614 - 618." year="2001">
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Murphy et al., 2001
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<emphasis id="8AD2AC8D08B7C69F7FE40B76C192025B" italics="true" pageNumber="819">a</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="4F6CD5ED99FF147AE21748D892200A17" author="Nedbal, M. A. & R. L. Honeycutt & D. A. Schlitter" refId="ref257271" refString="Nedbal, M. A., R. L. Honeycutt, and D. A. Schlitter. 1996. Higher-level systematics of rodents (Mammalia, Rodentia): Evidence from the mitochondrial 12 S rRNA gene. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 3: 201 - 237." year="1996">Nedbal et al., 1996</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="34AA7CE703F90BCC31D9CD7F6C90556A" author="Reyes, A. & G. Pesole & C. Saccone" refId="ref303003" refString="Reyes, A., G. Pesole, and C. Saccone. 1998. Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the Fat Dormouse, Glis glis: Further evidence of rodent paraphyly. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 15 (5): 499 - 505." year="1998">Reyes et al., 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EBFCC0E1FD7D1CB2C4080CF93BE0C173" author="Vianey-Liaud, M." refId="ref371711" refString="Vianey-Liaud, M. 1974. Les rongeurs de loligocene inferieur d'Escamps. Paleovertebrata, 6: 197 - 241." year="1974">Vianey-Liaud 1974</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="F81C0CF0A52351100EDE7CC79BE0D155" author="Vianey-Liaud, M." refId="ref371732" refString="Vianey-Liaud, M. 1985. Possible evolutionary relationships among Eocene and Lower Oligocene rodents of Asia, Europe and North America. Pp. 277 - 309, in Evolutionary Relationships Among Rodents. A multidisciplinary analysis. W. P. Luckett and J. - L. Hartenberger, eds. Plenum Press, New York, 721 pp." year="1985">1985</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="0886AA6E3B929E1C2D1B0B4F7B7CAE45" author="Vianey-Liaud, M." refId="ref371795" refString="Vianey-Liaud, M. 1989. Parallelism among Gliridae (Rodentia): The genus Gliravus Stehlin and Schaub. Historical Biology, 2: 213 - 226." year="1989">1989</bibRefCitation>
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, 1994;
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<bibRefCitation id="B505C9EF008A2F00D6CD8091E13BC6A8" author="Waddell, P. J. & S. Shelley" refId="ref379733" refString="Waddell, P. J., and S. Shelley. 2003. Evaluating placental inter-ordinal phylogenies with novel sequences including RAG 1, gamma-fibrinogen, ND 6, and mt-tRNA, plus MCMC-driven nucleotide, amino acid, and codon models. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 28: 197 - 224." year="2003">Waddell and Shelley, 2003</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="BB3A4F9CC807E859FC1E9F790E876F91" author="Yachontov, E. L. & E. G. Potapova" refId="ref396768" refString="Yachontov, E. L., and E. G. Potapova. 1991. On the position of dormice (Gliroidea) in the system of rodents. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, 243: 127 - 147." year="1991">Yachontov and Potapova, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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). Brandt’s (1855) subordinal divisions (
|
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<taxonomicName id="27B52723167A38AC1FBB5AD7BD2B3884" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1855" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Sciuromorpha">Sciuromorpha</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8E98950ECD134A15D3D2912D28DA15B" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1855" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Myomorpha">Myomorpha</taxonomicName>
|
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and Hystricomorpha), which were based on differences in zygomasseteric musculature arrangement, have likewise been contested (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2A18A9A5002195732F27D244B433A066" author="Landry, S. O., Jr." refId="ref203501" refString="Landry, S. O., Jr. 1999. A proposal for a new classification and nomenclature for the Glires (Lagomorpha and Rodentia). Mitteilungen des Museums fur Naturkunde, Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 75: 283 - 316." year="1999">Landry, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="8E8796A64855305C93317C8F81130F40" author="Luckett, W. P. & J. - L. Hartenberger" refId="ref217189" refString="Luckett, W. P., and J. - L. Hartenberger. 1985 b. Evolutionary relationships among rodents: Comments and conclusions. Pp. 685 - 712, in Evolutionary Relationships among Rodents: A Multidisciplinary Analysis (W. P. Luckett and J. - L. Hartenberger, eds.). Plenum Press, New York, 721 pp." year="1985">
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Luckett and Hartenberger, 1985
|
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<emphasis id="0EF5F30035F264250BE7FEEAC982428E" italics="true" pageNumber="819">b</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="8CD5D52C6D081AE2A42614D1E9A56DD7" author="Nedbal, M. A. & R. L. Honeycutt & D. A. Schlitter" refId="ref257271" refString="Nedbal, M. A., R. L. Honeycutt, and D. A. Schlitter. 1996. Higher-level systematics of rodents (Mammalia, Rodentia): Evidence from the mitochondrial 12 S rRNA gene. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 3: 201 - 237." year="1996">Nedbal et al., 1996</bibRefCitation>
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). Most authors now associate glirids with sciurids (or with Hystricognathi, when sciurids were not included in analyses); they agree with
|
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<bibRefCitation id="72C1F0C95482EC170D1AD6552603E81E" author="Wahlert, J. H. & S. L. Sawitzke & M. E. Holden" refId="ref380160" refString="Wahlert, J. H., S. L. Sawitzke, and M. E. Holden. 1993. Cranial anatomy and relationships of dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae). American Museum Novitates, 3061: 1 - 32." year="1993">Wahlert et al. (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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that the myomorphous condition exhibited by most modern glirids is convergent with muroids, though most advocate glirid myomorphy as being derived from a protrogomorphous ancestor. Moreover, recent molecular analyses support the grouping of sciurids and aplodontids (Suborder
|
||
<taxonomicName id="37227B957AE00E7538048B6BEBD933DF" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1855" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Sciuromorpha">Sciuromorpha</taxonomicName>
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of
|
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<bibRefCitation id="362DC4612CA2AB02F11A33EA09B34EEE" author="McKenna, M. C. & S. K. Bell" refId="ref233772" refString="McKenna, M. C., and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp." year="1997">McKenna and Bell, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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) with glirids, and suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="62535DFC8812512352BAA97BA7440E4F" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gliridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the sister clade to that containing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7AFDB8006ABCD2030D19EB7B02249D18" authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1817" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Sciuridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED7F5769351BA78C7DD0620370B8F7E0" authorityName="Trouessart" authorityYear="1897" family="Aplodontidae" rank="family">Aplodontidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="04CFD48DF30DEC7C7DC432F086FF8A43" author="Adkins, R. M. & E. L. Gelke & D. Rowe & R. L. Honeycutt" refId="ref1350" refString="Adkins, R. M., E. L. Gelke, D. Rowe, and R. L. Honeycutt. 2001. Molecular phylogeny and divergence time estimates for major rodent groups: Evidence from multiple genes. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 18 (5): 777 - 791." year="2001">Adkins et al., 2001</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="016F5853439C4F735B457D6C65EC0805" author="Adkins, R. M. & A. H. Walton & R. L. Honeycutt" refId="ref1406" refString="Adkins, R. M., A. H. Walton, and R. L. Honeycutt. 2003. High-level systematics of rodents and divergence time estimates based on two congruent nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 26 (3): 409 - 420." year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="0B8DA1863345401391C14948F509DD5B" author="Huchon, D. & F. M. Catzeflis & E. J. P. Douzery" refId="ref160679" refString="Huchon, D., F. M. Catzeflis, and E. J. P. Douzery. 1999. Molecular evolution of the nuclear Willebrand factor gene in mammals and the phylogeny of rodents. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 16: 577 - 589." year="1999">Huchon et al., 1999</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="76709992DFD2BF80C84829FA409439EE" author="Huchon, D. & O. Madsen & M. J. J. B. Sibbald & K. Ament & M. J. Stanhope & F. Catzeflis & W. W. de Jong & E. J. P. Douzery" refId="ref160779" refString="Huchon, D., O. Madsen, M. J. J. B. Sibbald, K. Ament, M. J. Stanhope, F. Catzeflis, W. W. de Jong, and E. J. P. Douzery. 2002. Rodent phylogeny and a timescale for the evolution of Glires: Evidence from an extensive taxon sampling using three nuclear genes. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 19 (7): 1053 - 1065." year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="6502328447062B2B55D6811FAABC9DBD" author="Montgelard, C. & S. Bentz & C. Tirard & O. Verneau & F. M. Catzeflis" refId="ref245631" refString="Montgelard, C., S. Bentz, C. Tirard, O. Verneau, and F. M. Catzeflis. 2002. Molecular systematics of Sciurognathi (Rodentia): The mitochondrial cytochrome b and 12 S rRNA genes support the Anomaluroidea (Pedetidae and Anomaluridae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 22: 220 - 233." year="2002">Montgelard et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
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). If protrogomorphy is the primitive state for glirids, the hystricomorphy exhibited by graphiurines was either 1) derived from the primitive protrogomorphous morphology, thus representing a lineage independent of all other dormice, which would be concordant with several morphological studies (e.g.,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="17FEFF88EA1FA3F6790889D5960CFB4F" author="Yachontov, E. L. & E. G. Potapova" refId="ref396768" refString="Yachontov, E. L., and E. G. Potapova. 1991. On the position of dormice (Gliroidea) in the system of rodents. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, 243: 127 - 147." year="1991">Yachontov and Potapova, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="DC4CA341BCCDC2972F7FE9E03124915D" author="Wahlert, J. H. & S. L. Sawitzke & M. E. Holden" refId="ref380160" refString="Wahlert, J. H., S. L. Sawitzke, and M. E. Holden. 1993. Cranial anatomy and relationships of dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae). American Museum Novitates, 3061: 1 - 32." year="1993">Wahlert et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
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); or 2) derived from the myomorphous state (Vianey-Liaud’s, 1985, "pseudomyomorphy") shared by other modern glirids, which would be consistent with other morphological studies (e.g.,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="6F9365AEE104BC0D921B4ADF5966D060" author="Daams, R. & H. De Bruijn" refId="ref72823" refString="Daams, R., and H. De Bruijn. 1995. A classification of the Gliridae (Rodentia) on the basis of dental morphology. Pp. 3 - 50, in Proceedings of II Conference on Dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae) (M. G. Filippucci, ed.). Hystrix, n. s., 6 (1 - 2): 1 - 340." year="1995">Daams and De Bruijn, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="A15C0E74BB44F6014F85BD1FF8411185" author="Koenigswald, W. von" refId="ref191174" refString="Koenigswald, W. von. 1993. Die Schmelzmuster in den Schneidezahnen der Gliroidea (Gliridae und Seleviniidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) und ihre systematische Bedeutung. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 58: 92 - 115." year="1993">Koenigswald, 1993</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="AF5013CAFD445069DABD8CD5351A3DF2" author="Koenigswald, W. von" refId="ref191213" refString="Koenigswald, W. von. 1995. Enamel differentiations in myoxid incisors and their systematic significance. Pp. 99 - 107, in Proceedings of II Conference on Dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae) (M. G. Filippucci, ed.). Hystrix, n. s., 6 (1 - 2): 1 - 340." year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6AC4B04A6F00E5EB962FD777AEEF6B9D" pageNumber="819">
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<bibRefCitation id="5B6C49675F1D16D32791C1CA5430C670" author="Vianey-Liaud, M. & J. J. Jaeger" refId="ref371861" refString="Vianey-Liaud, M., and J. J. Jaeger. 1996. A new hypothesis for the origin of African Anomaluridae and Graphiuridae (Rodentia). Paleovertebrata, 25: 349 - 358." year="1996">Vianey-Liaud and Jaeger (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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proposed
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<taxonomicName id="FFD43C7C8A630DF8B865D8FB69524A74" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gliridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be paraphyletic, hypothesizing that graphiurines (which they advocated placing in a separate family, Graphiuridae) are most closely related to anomalurids. They further suggested that anomalurids and graphiurines should possibly be placed in the same family, based on their view that both groups are descended from zegdoumyids. All other recently published molecular and morphological studies support the monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="621EED70191F3FD17067CE38D97061C2" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1896" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gliridae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="03357E17E153A1255B44B8BE20D974D0" author="Catzeflis, F. M. & C. Hanni & P. Sourrouille & E. Douzery" refId="ref55244" refString="Catzeflis, F. M., C. Hanni, P. Sourrouille, and E. Douzery. 1995. Re: Molecular systematics of hystricognath rodents: The contribution of sciurognath mitochondrial 12 S rRNA sequences (Letter to the Editor). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 4 (3): 357 - 360." year="1995">Catzeflis et al., 1995</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="0F42E1F69C6228B3ABC025154FF5B1B0" author="Daams, R. & H. De Bruijn" refId="ref72823" refString="Daams, R., and H. De Bruijn. 1995. A classification of the Gliridae (Rodentia) on the basis of dental morphology. Pp. 3 - 50, in Proceedings of II Conference on Dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae) (M. G. Filippucci, ed.). Hystrix, n. s., 6 (1 - 2): 1 - 340." year="1995">Daams and de Bruijn, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="B331715D7ECDD830E0E4E7D286620962" author="Robinson, M. & F. Catzeflis & J. Briolay & D. Mouchiroud" refId="ref307568" refString="Robinson, M., F. Catzeflis, J. Briolay, and D. Mouchiroud. 1997. Molecular phylogeny of rodents, with special emphasis on murids: Evidence from nuclear gene LCAT. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 8 (3): 423 - 434." year="1997">Robinson et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="41954D72607E1D08642DFAB86B4CBFFD" italics="true" pageNumber="819">b</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C1B034DFBA86DAA5D8AB1CB12573F513" author="Suzuki, H. & S. Minato & S. Sakurai & K. Tsuchiya & I. M. Fokin" refId="ref344805" refString="Suzuki, H., S. Minato, S. Sakurai, K. Tsuchiya, and I. M. Fokin. 1997. Phylogenetic position and geographic differentiation of the Japanese Dormouse, Glirulus japonicus, revealed by variations among rDNA, mtDNA and the Sry gene. Zoological Science, 14: 167 - 173." year="1997">Suzuki et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="77CD186368E0C1E16BB0749C63DBC5BF" author="Wahlert, J. H. & S. L. Sawitzke & M. E. Holden" refId="ref380160" refString="Wahlert, J. H., S. L. Sawitzke, and M. E. Holden. 1993. Cranial anatomy and relationships of dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae). American Museum Novitates, 3061: 1 - 32." year="1993">Wahlert et al., 1993</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="47B9C9708B4E203C0D50BC010B5C51FB" author="Bentz, S. & C. Montgelard" refId="ref27807" refString="Bentz, S., and C. Montgelard. 1999. Systematic position of the African Dormouse Graphiurus (Rodentia, Gliridae) assessed from cytochrome b and 12 S rRNA mitochondrial genes. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 6 (1): 67 - 83." year="1999">Bentz and Montgelard (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="45A86697856E4855F35BF0EF5D08D012" author="Montgelard, C. & S. Bentz & C. Douady & J. Lauquin & F. M. Catzeflis" refId="ref245546" refString="Montgelard, C., S. Bentz, C. Douady, J. Lauquin, and F. M. Catzeflis. 2001. Molecular phylogeny of the sciurognath rodent families Gliridae, Anomaluridae and Pedetidae. Morphological and paleontological implications. Pp. 293 - 307, in African Small Mammals (C. Denys, L. Granjon, and A. Poulet, eds.). IRD Editions, Collection colloques et seminaires, Paris, 570 pp." year="2001">Montgelard et al. (2001</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="550A5264EF014F427BD1E4296D94B887" author="Montgelard, C. & S. Bentz & C. Tirard & O. Verneau & F. M. Catzeflis" refId="ref245631" refString="Montgelard, C., S. Bentz, C. Tirard, O. Verneau, and F. M. Catzeflis. 2002. Molecular systematics of Sciurognathi (Rodentia): The mitochondrial cytochrome b and 12 S rRNA genes support the Anomaluroidea (Pedetidae and Anomaluridae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 22: 220 - 233." year="2002">2002</bibRefCitation>
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) explicitly refute the hypothesis of paraphyly and phylogenetic alliance with anomalurids.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B82F46709660B431A164F6A80FD706B1" pageNumber="819">
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<bibRefCitation id="4FFD25C0E24435002073A9205AEE3F0D" author="Wahlert, J. H. & S. L. Sawitzke & M. E. Holden" refId="ref380160" refString="Wahlert, J. H., S. L. Sawitzke, and M. E. Holden. 1993. Cranial anatomy and relationships of dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae). American Museum Novitates, 3061: 1 - 32." year="1993">Wahlert et al. (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
incorporated dental characters plus forty-three osteological traits in a phylogenetic analysis of extant glirid genera. Except for the inclusion of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D967C460D71C04BC7DEE46E91CB2C9E2" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Muscardinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="18395BCCAB7C667DBE855DB46B328DC2" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Muscardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="431953A3A6D86E48D2B82A22745D7B52" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leithiinae">Leithiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2595812103F7649C1BAB33A0C469C46F" author="Montgelard, C. & C. A. Matthee & T. J. Robinson" refId="ref245694" refString="Montgelard, C., C. A. Matthee, and T. J. Robinson. 2003. Molecular systematics of dormice (Rodentia: Gliridae) and the radiation of Graphiurus in Africa. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B, 270: 1947 - 1955." year="2003">Montgelard et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) instead of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68767CCCB0426BF9A4AF4E61ED4792FA" authorityName="Muirhead" authorityYear="1819" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Glirinae">Glirinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Wahlert et al.’s classification is followed here because it reflects the most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of glirids thus far. Several recent reviews and analyses address intrafamilial relationships using a variety of characters: molecular data (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB163C2B5C6A8CD12A03B38070F353C0" author="Bentz, S. & C. Montgelard" refId="ref27807" refString="Bentz, S., and C. Montgelard. 1999. Systematic position of the African Dormouse Graphiurus (Rodentia, Gliridae) assessed from cytochrome b and 12 S rRNA mitochondrial genes. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 6 (1): 67 - 83." year="1999">Bentz and Montgelard, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C62FEB1E3356F0C47983DE23D2D6E67" author="Filippucci, M. G. & T. Kotsakis" refId="ref100985" refString="Filippucci, M. G., and T. Kotsakis. 1995. Biochemical systematics and evolution of Myoxidae. Pp. 77 - 97, in Proceedings of II Conference on Dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae) (M. G. Filippucci, ed.). Hystrix, n. s., 6 (1 - 2): 1 - 340." year="1995">Filippucci and Kotsakis, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="403F0147718248200541FACC214A83EE" author="Montgelard, C. & C. A. Matthee & T. J. Robinson" refId="ref245694" refString="Montgelard, C., C. A. Matthee, and T. J. Robinson. 2003. Molecular systematics of dormice (Rodentia: Gliridae) and the radiation of Graphiurus in Africa. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B, 270: 1947 - 1955." year="2003">Montgelard et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="25398EBDA901E30D15535D155D1173A1" author="Suzuki, H. & S. Minato & S. Sakurai & K. Tsuchiya & I. M. Fokin" refId="ref344805" refString="Suzuki, H., S. Minato, S. Sakurai, K. Tsuchiya, and I. M. Fokin. 1997. Phylogenetic position and geographic differentiation of the Japanese Dormouse, Glirulus japonicus, revealed by variations among rDNA, mtDNA and the Sry gene. Zoological Science, 14: 167 - 173." year="1997">Suzuki et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); karyotypic information (Zima et al., 1995); dental morphology (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7437E3403FF03BAEFC3AE2119E785F5E" author="Daams, R. & H. De Bruijn" refId="ref72823" refString="Daams, R., and H. De Bruijn. 1995. A classification of the Gliridae (Rodentia) on the basis of dental morphology. Pp. 3 - 50, in Proceedings of II Conference on Dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae) (M. G. Filippucci, ed.). Hystrix, n. s., 6 (1 - 2): 1 - 340." year="1995">Daams and De Bruijn, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="861631010CD9D437655F755D4599E82D" author="Pavlinov, I. Ya." refId="ref277672" refString="Pavlinov, I. Ya. 2001 b. Geometric morphometrics of glirid dental crown patterns. Trakya University Journal of Scientific Research B, 2 (2): 151 - 157." year="2001">
|
||
Pavlinov, 2001
|
||
<emphasis id="BA1AE34E74DB0EBB3A6EC5DC4498E37F" italics="true" pageNumber="819">b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); incisor enamel microstructure (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="81DCE58A1EE385BC78F9DCBBBF07A67D" author="Koenigswald, W. von" refId="ref191174" refString="Koenigswald, W. von. 1993. Die Schmelzmuster in den Schneidezahnen der Gliroidea (Gliridae und Seleviniidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) und ihre systematische Bedeutung. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 58: 92 - 115." year="1993">Koenigswald, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E955C63429D7A147B3D67EEC4BC1511D" author="Koenigswald, W. von" refId="ref191213" refString="Koenigswald, W. von. 1995. Enamel differentiations in myoxid incisors and their systematic significance. Pp. 99 - 107, in Proceedings of II Conference on Dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae) (M. G. Filippucci, ed.). Hystrix, n. s., 6 (1 - 2): 1 - 340." year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); cranial and dental morphology (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="62251D618F47AC302E346FDF744E8F51" author="Vianey-Liaud, M. & J. J. Jaeger" refId="ref371861" refString="Vianey-Liaud, M., and J. J. Jaeger. 1996. A new hypothesis for the origin of African Anomaluridae and Graphiuridae (Rodentia). Paleovertebrata, 25: 349 - 358." year="1996">Vianey-Liaud and Jaeger, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); cranial, dental and genital morphology (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="09AEFD65586ADFACF333EBC0D2B7E38D" author="Storch, G." refId="ref341487" refString="Storch, G. 1995 b. Affinities among living dormouse genera. Pp. 51 - 62, in Proceedings of II Conference on Dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae) (M. G. Filippucci, ed.). Hystrix, n. s., 6 (1 - 2): 1 - 340." year="1995">
|
||
Storch, 1995
|
||
<emphasis id="934F71767214DA08C248D5206A3442C9" italics="true" pageNumber="819">b</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); cranial, masticatory and tongue structure (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A5391458696D8D9067D51AED56C75C9" author="Yachontov, E. L. & E. G. Potapova" refId="ref396768" refString="Yachontov, E. L., and E. G. Potapova. 1991. On the position of dormice (Gliroidea) in the system of rodents. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, 243: 127 - 147." year="1991">Yachontov and Potapova, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Each study has provided valuable insight, data and hypotheses regarding the relationships among dormice. Some of their conclusions support the hypotheses of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="28EB8EC53A7F93B3FA2A3E1A9B4AC572" author="Wahlert, J. H. & S. L. Sawitzke & M. E. Holden" refId="ref380160" refString="Wahlert, J. H., S. L. Sawitzke, and M. E. Holden. 1993. Cranial anatomy and relationships of dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae). American Museum Novitates, 3061: 1 - 32." year="1993">Wahlert et al. (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, others are contradictory. It is not possible to follow any one of these alternate classifications here because usually the methodology used to deduce relationships among glirid genera was not given. Dendrograms depicting hypothesized relationships were provided, as were descriptions of characters, but essential information regarding character states and polarities, numbers and origins of specimens examined, and methodology was either absent or inconsistent. In the few studies that clearly documented methodology and character states, the results were either inconclusive (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="89772059548FE0BD82FC9C2C0F5A745B" author="Bentz, S. & C. Montgelard" refId="ref27807" refString="Bentz, S., and C. Montgelard. 1999. Systematic position of the African Dormouse Graphiurus (Rodentia, Gliridae) assessed from cytochrome b and 12 S rRNA mitochondrial genes. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 6 (1): 67 - 83." year="1999">Bentz and Montgelard, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Zima et al., 1995) or sampled too few taxa to provide a comprehensive hypothesis of intrafamilial relationships (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7A6B08F25B0B02434D7E64A3F8EC6D49" author="Filippucci, M. G. & T. Kotsakis" refId="ref100985" refString="Filippucci, M. G., and T. Kotsakis. 1995. Biochemical systematics and evolution of Myoxidae. Pp. 77 - 97, in Proceedings of II Conference on Dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae) (M. G. Filippucci, ed.). Hystrix, n. s., 6 (1 - 2): 1 - 340." year="1995">Filippucci and Kotsakis, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0E2956CAA4D3038272A2480DCB2DA1F3" author="Suzuki, H. & S. Minato & S. Sakurai & K. Tsuchiya & I. M. Fokin" refId="ref344805" refString="Suzuki, H., S. Minato, S. Sakurai, K. Tsuchiya, and I. M. Fokin. 1997. Phylogenetic position and geographic differentiation of the Japanese Dormouse, Glirulus japonicus, revealed by variations among rDNA, mtDNA and the Sry gene. Zoological Science, 14: 167 - 173." year="1997">Suzuki et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Zima et al., 1995). The phylogenetic analyses of DNA nuclear fragments and mitochondrial gene sequences by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A62B5A501F6A9284EDDB14C9D667D8E" author="Montgelard, C. & C. A. Matthee & T. J. Robinson" refId="ref245694" refString="Montgelard, C., C. A. Matthee, and T. J. Robinson. 2003. Molecular systematics of dormice (Rodentia: Gliridae) and the radiation of Graphiurus in Africa. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B, 270: 1947 - 1955." year="2003">Montgelard et al. (2003:1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is an exception: "... except for the position of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B31C063F49F2D96F923920A8D7B619A5" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Muscardinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B789E0A9D670C5A44A3A84D13E5B2017" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Muscardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
..., the identification of three major glirid clades (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77510B2FAE843A21B41FA62B33E374C1" authorityName="Smuts" authorityYear="1832" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Graphiurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D335AE3490A0D535BC4CAC8065B59E05" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Graphiurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D4F67FA790C8585B1A18F000F94557D1" authority="Leithiinae" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Muscardinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="262FC08ED13C1C061F8F74A8B683F184" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Muscardinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="947F5ADFC09C386D2060C7D8A05877B4" authorityName="Lydekker" authorityYear="1895" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leithiinae">Leithiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB90286D2F63A3966B689794C50A97E4" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Glis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CDB5ED94B25EC8E6A59988488F97E70F" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Glis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5F8D5E41254061CF223D782B1AE19644" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1905" class="Mammalia" family="Gliridae" genus="Glirulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3CF60291CD02E1B3E0E3BC0B4BB9CB75" italics="true" pageNumber="819">Glirulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on molecular grounds confirms and extends the classification proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5D94541B5D618FE32AED64CDDB72F23E" author="Wahlert, J. H. & S. L. Sawitzke & M. E. Holden" refId="ref380160" refString="Wahlert, J. H., S. L. Sawitzke, and M. E. Holden. 1993. Cranial anatomy and relationships of dormice (Rodentia, Myoxidae). American Museum Novitates, 3061: 1 - 32." year="1993">Wahlert et al. (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on the basis of morphological data."
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9BC3A34CBB0C40BD82A568BC9C74F418" pageNumber="819">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7ADE5AE81D6B2AFD19BE7FDBEC26B910" author="Rossolimo, O. L. & E. G. Potapova & I. Ya. Pavlinov & S. V. Kruskop & O. V. Voltzit" refId="ref310966" refString="Rossolimo, O. L., E. G. Potapova, I. Ya. Pavlinov, S. V. Kruskop, and O. V. Voltzit. 2001. [Dormice (Myoxidae) of the World.] Sbornik Trudov Zoologicheskogo Muzeya MGU 42: 1 - 232 (in Russian with English summary)." year="2001">Rossolimo et al. (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided a comprehensive review of recent and fossil glirids, including descriptions and illustrations of cranial characters, zygomasseteric myology, internal bullar morphology and review of phylogeny. Each detailed species account contains illustrations of live animals, measurements, karyological data, ecological information, vocalization data, ectoparasite records and a distribution map. Review and comparison of vocalization data among glirid genera reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A4BC286A5AFDDA42AB22C2F941B2F543" author="Hutterer, R. & G. Peters" refId="ref164293" refString="Hutterer, R., and G. Peters. 2001. The vocal repertoire of Graphiurus parvus, and comparisons with other species of dormice. Trakya University Journal of Scientific Research, ser. B, 2 (2): 69 - 74." year="2001">Hutterer and Peters (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF95DDAB61933BA19746E1310638ED15" author="Nowakowski, W. & A. Rachwald" refId="ref263184" refString="Nowakowski, W., and A. Rachwald. 2000. Ultrasound and audible sound emission in dormice family (Gliridae: Rodentia). Biological Bulletin of Poznan, 37 (1): 153 - 158." year="2000">Nowakowski and Rachwald (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The Dormouse Hollow (www.glirarium.de/dormouse), edited by Werner Haberl, provides a variety of information about dormice, including past and current research by glirid specialists. For synonyms see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4D084DAE4C723249531D05B0DD1DF351" author="McKenna, M. C. & S. K. Bell" refId="ref233772" refString="McKenna, M. C., and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp." year="1997">McKenna and Bell (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |