450 lines
52 KiB
XML
450 lines
52 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E6BB935F7AE4DD938DB2BEEAC6942C0C">A review of the families and genera of the superfamily PLATYSCELOIDEA Bowman & Gruner, 1973 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea), together with keys to the families, genera and species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="050EC27F654A859F5DADE0489B4385D3">Zeidler, Wolfgang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="65546498573B2F553038240A1B534A14">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="C272A4021815FFDCFF5EFBF4FDE3FBD0" blockId="95.[151,618,1032,1091]" box="[151,618,1032,1058]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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<heading id="993A136E1815FFDCFF5EFBF4FDE3FBD0" bold="true" box="[151,618,1032,1058]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFF5EFBF4FDE3FBD0" bold="true" box="[151,618,1032,1058]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFF27FBF4FDE3FBD0" ID-CoL="7NTPP" authority="Bovallius, 1890" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1890" box="[238,618,1032,1058]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFF27FBF4FE2FFBD0" bold="true" box="[238,422,1032,1058]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Cranocephalus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFE64FBF4FDE3FBD0" author="Bovallius" box="[429,618,1032,1058]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Bovallius, C. (1890) The Oxycephalids. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, series iii, 14, 1 - 141, plates 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1890">Bovallius, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C272A4021815FFDCFF5EFBD6FEAEFBB1" blockId="95.[151,618,1032,1091]" box="[151,295,1066,1091]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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(
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<figureCitation id="5AF6B8871815FFDCFF56FBD6FE96FBB1" box="[159,287,1066,1091]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 47" captionStart-1="FIGURE 48" captionStartId-0="96.[151,250,1985,2007]" captionStartId-1="97.[151,250,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox-0="[250,1328,214,1926]" captionTargetBox-1="[213,1351,206,1891]" captionTargetId-0="figure@96.[227,1337,193,1938]" captionTargetId-1="figure@97.[191,1383,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId-0="96" captionTargetPageId-1="97" captionText-0="FIGURE 47. Cranocephalus scleroticus (Streets, 1878), male (14.4 mm), N. E. Indian Ocean, near Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia, SAMA C 5927. A, habitus. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A), 0.5 mm (remainder)." captionText-1="FIGURE 48. Cranocephalus scleroticus (Streets, 1878), male (14.4 mm), N. E. Indian Ocean, near Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia, SAMA C 5927 (G 1 & 2); female (8.1 mm) and male (6.3 mm), Indian Ocean, off South Africa, SAMA C 5814. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (Mx 1, Mxp), 0.2 mm (remainder)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/166466/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/166467/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Figs 47–48</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891815FFDCFF5EFB8EFE47FB7A" box="[151,462,1138,1160]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C272A4021815FFDCFF5EFB8EFE47FB7A" blockId="95.[151,1436,1138,1283]" box="[151,462,1138,1160]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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<materialsCitation id="72A5AE5F1815FFDCFF5EFB8EFE47FB7A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1325647102" box="[151,462,1138,1160]" location="Costa" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Costa">
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?
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||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFF61FB8FFEABFB7A" box="[168,290,1139,1160]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Carcinornis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFEE1FB8EFE2DFB7A" author="Costa" box="[296,420,1138,1160]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Costa, A. (1864) Di alcuni Crostacei e di un distomideo parassito degli acalefi. Rendiconto della R. Accademia della Scienze Fisiche e Matamatiche di Napoli. Fascicolo 4." type="book chapter" year="1864">
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<collectingRegion id="00096AE01815FFDCFEE1FB8EFEEDFB7A" box="[296,356,1138,1160]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Costa</collectingRegion>
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, 1864
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 88.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891815FFDCFF5EFB6DFBCBFAF1" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C272A4021815FFDCFF5EFB6DFDA5FB16" blockId="95.[151,1436,1138,1283]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="E2DD832C1815FFDCFF5EFB6DFDA5FB16" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
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<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFF5EFB6DFE77FB55" ID-CoL="7NTPP" authority="Bovallius, 1890: 47" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,510,1169,1191]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFF5EFB6DFEBBFB55" box="[151,306,1169,1191]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Cranocephalus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="436C82131815FFDCFEFEFB6DFE77FB55" author="Bovallius" box="[311,510,1169,1191]" page="47" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1890">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFEFEFB6DFE52FB55" author="Bovallius" box="[311,475,1169,1191]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Bovallius, C. (1890) The Oxycephalids. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, series iii, 14, 1 - 141, plates 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1890">Bovallius, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 47
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
(key), 94–95.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131815FFDCFD6DFB6DFCD0FB55" author="Spandl" box="[676,857,1169,1191]" page="179" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1927">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFD6DFB6DFCA0FB55" author="Spandl" box="[676,809,1169,1191]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Spandl, H. (1927) Die Hyperiiden (exkl. Hyperiidea Gammaroidea und Phronimidae) der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, Band 19, Zoologie, 11, 145 - 287, plate 10." type="journal article" year="1927">Spandl 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 179
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(key).—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131815FFDCFC78FB6DFBB4FB55" author="Yoo" box="[945,1085,1169,1191]" page="64" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1971">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFC78FB6DFB93FB55" author="Yoo" box="[945,1050,1169,1191]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Yoo, K. I. (1971) Pelagic hyperiids (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) of the western North Pacific Ocean. Journal of the National Academy of Sciences, Republic of Korea, Natural Science Series, 10, 39 - 89." type="journal article" year="1971">Yoo 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 64
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(key).—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131815FFDCFB5CFB6DFF69FB34" author="Bowman" page="49" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1973">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFB5CFB6DFA10FB55" author="Bowman" box="[1173,1433,1169,1191]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Bowman, T. E. & Gruner, H. - E. (1973) The families and genera of Hyperiidea (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, No. 146, 1 - 64. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.146" type="book chapter" year="1973">Bowman & Gruner 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 49
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(key), 51.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131815FFDCFE96FB4CFD0AFB34" author="Vinogradov" box="[351,643,1200,1222]" page="404" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1982">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFE96FB4CFDDBFB34" author="Vinogradov" box="[351,594,1200,1222]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Vinogradov, M. E., Volkov, A. F. & Semenova, T. N. (1982) Amfipody-Giperiidy (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) Mirovogo Okeanea. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR No. 132. Leningrad, 492 pp. [In Russian, English translation, 1996, Smithsonian Institution Libraries, Washington D. C., D. Siegel-Causey, Scientific Editor]." type="book" year="1982">
|
||
Vinogradov
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFE2BFB4DFD86FB34" box="[482,527,1200,1222]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1982
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 404
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key), 429.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131815FFDCFCD8FB4CFC1DFB34" author="Nair" box="[785,916,1200,1222]" page="6" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFCD8FB4CFCF4FB34" author="Nair" box="[785,893,1200,1222]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Nair, K. K. C. (1995) Taxonomic features and identification of Oxycephalidae (Platysceloidea, Physocephalata, Hyperiidea, Amphipoda). Mahasagar, 28 (1 - 2), 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1995">Nair 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 6
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(key), 17.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131815FFDCFBDCFB4CFA85FB34" author="Shih" box="[1045,1292,1200,1222]" page="190" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFBDCFB4CFB55FB34" author="Shih" box="[1045,1244,1200,1222]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Shih, C. - T. & Chen, Q. - C. (1995) Zooplankton of China Seas (2) - The Hyperiidea (Crustacea: Amphipoda). China Ocean Press, Beijing, 295 pp." type="book" year="1995">Shih & Chen 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 190
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key), 202.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131815FFDCFF0EFB32FE3FFB16" author="Vinogradov" box="[199,438,1230,1252]" page="1196" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFF0EFB32FEF3FB16" author="Vinogradov" box="[199,378,1230,1252]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Vinogradov, G. M. (1999) Amphipoda, pp. 1141 - 1240. In: Boltovskoy, D. (Ed.), South Atlantic Zooplankton. Vol. 2. Backhuys, Leiden, The Netherlands, 1705 pp." type="book chapter" year="1999">Vinogradov 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1196
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(incl. key).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021815FFDCFF5EFB11FBCBFAF1" blockId="95.[151,1436,1138,1283]" box="[151,1090,1261,1283]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E2DD832C1815FFDCFF5EFB11FBCBFAF1" box="[151,1090,1261,1283]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
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<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFF5EFB11FE6BFAF1" authority="Bovallius, 1890: 47" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1890" box="[151,482,1261,1283]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Stebbingella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFF5EFB11FE9CFAF1" box="[151,277,1261,1283]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Stebbingella</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131815FFDCFED2FB11FE6BFAF1" author="Bovallius" box="[283,482,1261,1283]" page="47" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1890">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFED2FB11FE36FAF1" author="Bovallius" box="[283,447,1261,1283]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Bovallius, C. (1890) The Oxycephalids. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, series iii, 14, 1 - 141, plates 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1890">Bovallius, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 47
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(key), 97–98.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131815FFDCFD4EFB11FCB5FAF1" author="Spandl" box="[647,828,1261,1283]" page="179" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1927">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFD4EFB11FC85FAF1" author="Spandl" box="[647,780,1261,1283]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Spandl, H. (1927) Die Hyperiiden (exkl. Hyperiidea Gammaroidea und Phronimidae) der Deutschen Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903, Band 19, Zoologie, 11, 145 - 287, plate 10." type="journal article" year="1927">Spandl 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 179
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(key).—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="436C82131815FFDCFC5DFB11FBB6FAF1" author="Pirlot" box="[916,1087,1261,1283]" page="167" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1929">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFC5DFB11FB85FAF1" author="Pirlot" box="[916,1036,1261,1283]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Pirlot, J. M. (1929) Resultats zoologiques de la croisiere atlantique de'l'Armauer Hansen' (Mai-Juin 1922). 1. Les Amphipodes Hyperides. Memoires de la Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege, serie 3, 15 (2), 1 - 196." type="journal article" year="1929">Pirlot 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 167
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891815FFDCFF5EFAD3FB1CF87A" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021815FFDCFF5EFAD3FAA3FA2A" blockId="95.[151,1437,1327,2037]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFF5EFAD3FEBBFABA" bold="true" box="[151,306,1327,1352]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Type species.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFEF0FAD3FD56FABA" authority="Bovallius, 1890" authorityName="Bovallius" authorityYear="1890" box="[313,735,1327,1352]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFEF0FAD3FDAEFABA" box="[313,551,1327,1352]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Cranocephalus goesi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFDE4FAD3FD56FABA" author="Bovallius" box="[557,735,1327,1352]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Bovallius, C. (1890) The Oxycephalids. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, series iii, 14, 1 - 141, plates 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1890">Bovallius, 1890</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by monotypy.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="72A5AE5F1815FFDCFC4EFACCFAA3FA2A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1325647109" collectionCode="NRS, ZMUC" county="However" location="However" municipality="Bovallius's" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Upsala" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="1D761AA01815FFDCFC4EFACCFC37FABA" box="[903,958,1328,1352]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material (male,
|
||
<quantity id="053509E71815FFDCFBBEFACCFB30FABA" box="[1143,1209,1328,1352]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
) could not be found at the
|
||
<collectionCode id="A4DC3CC71815FFDCFF13FAA8FE9AFA9E" box="[218,275,1364,1388]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/s0pg-dvdt" name="Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">NRS</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="A4DC3CC71815FFDCFED7FAA8FEE6FA9E" box="[286,367,1364,1388]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
||
or in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="00096AE01815FFDCFE66FAA8FE74FA9F" box="[431,509,1364,1389]" country="Sweden" name="Uppsala" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Upsala</collectingRegion>
|
||
and is considered lost.
|
||
<collectingCounty id="2B13DC8E1815FFDCFCC9FAA9FCE1FA9E" box="[768,872,1365,1388]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">However</collectingCounty>
|
||
, it is clear from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="22163E781815FFDCFBD2FAA8FB10FA9F" box="[1051,1177,1364,1389]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Bovallius’s</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
(1890) description and figures that his species is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFD65FA8BFBD4FA62" authority="Streets, 1878" authorityName="Streets" authorityYear="1878" box="[684,1117,1399,1424]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Oxycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scleroticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFD65FA8BFC37FA62" box="[684,958,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Oxycephalus scleroticus</emphasis>
|
||
Streets, 1878
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="C712F2D91815FFDCFBA0FA84FB58FA7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A6415141815FFE1FF5EFBF4FAE4F9FA:C712F2D91815FFDCFBA0FA84FB58FA7D" box="[1129,1233,1400,1423]" county="However" municipality="Bovallius's" name="However" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" stateProvince="Upsala">However</location>
|
||
, this species does not belong to the current concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFD90FA60FD63FA47" box="[601,746,1436,1461]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Oxycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFD90FA60FD63FA47" box="[601,746,1436,1461]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Oxycephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and so
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFC9BFA60FC74FA47" box="[850,1021,1436,1461]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFC9BFA60FC74FA47" box="[850,1021,1436,1461]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Cranocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is maintained as a valid genus to accommodate it.
|
||
<location id="C712F2D91815FFDCFE9EFA3CFEF0FA25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A6415141815FFE1FF5EFBF4FAE4F9FA:C712F2D91815FFDCFE9EFA3CFEF0FA25" box="[343,377,1472,1495]" county="However" municipality="Bovallius's" name="No" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" stateProvince="Upsala">No</location>
|
||
precise
|
||
<typeStatus id="1D761AA01815FFDCFE1EFA3CFD8EFA2A" box="[471,519,1472,1496]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is given for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFD26FA3CFCC2FA2A" box="[751,843,1472,1496]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFD26FA3CFCC2FA2A" box="[751,843,1472,1496]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">C. goesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, just “the tropical regions of the
|
||
<location id="C712F2D91815FFDCFB75FA43FA95FA2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A6415141815FFE1FF5EFBF4FAE4F9FA:C712F2D91815FFDCFB75FA43FA95FA2A" box="[1212,1308,1471,1496]" county="However" municipality="Bovallius's" name="Atlantic" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" stateProvince="Upsala">Atlantic</location>
|
||
”.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021815FFDCFF0EFA19FAC3F9B7" blockId="95.[151,1437,1327,2037]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="72A5AE5F1815FFDCFF0EFA19FAC3F9B7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1325647110" collectorName="W. H. Jones" latitude="25.833334" location="North American" longLatPrecision="1245" longitude="-132.75" municipality="North Pacific" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="1D761AA01815FFDCFF0EFA19FF76FA0F" box="[199,255,1509,1533]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFE4DFA18FD1AFA0F" box="[388,659,1508,1533]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Oxycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scleroticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFE4DFA18FD1AFA0F" box="[388,659,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Oxycephalus scleroticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(female and three males,
|
||
<quantity id="053509E71815FFDCFC78FA18FBA5FA0E" box="[945,1068,1508,1533]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 mm</quantity>
|
||
) could not be found in any major
|
||
<location id="C712F2D91815FFDCFF5EF9FBFEC4F9D2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A6415141815FFE1FF5EFBF4FAE4F9FA:C712F2D91815FFDCFF5EF9FBFEC4F9D2" box="[151,333,1543,1568]" latitude="25.833334" longLatPrecision="1245" longitude="-132.75" municipality="North Pacific" name="North American" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">North American</location>
|
||
institution and is considered lost. Specimens were collected from the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="22163E781815FFDCFB94F9FBFB7AF9D2" box="[1117,1267,1543,1568]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">North Pacific</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
by
|
||
<collectorName id="6F38C1D41815FFDCFAD4F9F4FA15F9ED" box="[1309,1436,1544,1567]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">W.H. Jones</collectorName>
|
||
from three locations [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A7F9C2C51815FFDCFE4EF9D0FE63F9B7" box="[391,490,1580,1605]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" precision="925" value="26.216667">26°13’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A7F9C2C51815FFDCFE39F9D0FDEEF9B7" box="[496,615,1580,1605]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" precision="925" value="-143.25">143°15’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A7F9C2C51815FFDCFDBAF9D0FD5DF9B7" box="[627,724,1580,1605]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" precision="925" value="25.216667">25°13’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A7F9C2C51815FFDCFD12F9D0FCD9F9B7" box="[731,848,1580,1605]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" precision="925" value="-143.25">143°15’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
&
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A7F9C2C51815FFDCFCBDF9D0FC5CF9B7" box="[884,981,1580,1605]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" precision="925" value="25.833334">25°50’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A7F9C2C51815FFDCFC12F9D0FBDCF9B7" box="[987,1109,1580,1605]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" precision="925" value="-132.75">132°45’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], all from the surface.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021815FFDCFF0EF9B3FC6FF8EF" blockId="95.[151,1437,1327,2037]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="72A5AE5F1815FFDCFF0EF9B3FA10F99A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1325647108" box="[199,1433,1615,1640]" location="Carcinornis" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Costa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFF0EF9B3FD8AF99A" bold="true" box="[199,515,1615,1640]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<typeStatus id="1D761AA01815FFDCFF0EF9B3FE8BF99A" box="[199,258,1615,1640]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of synonyms.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="1D761AA01815FFDCFD89F9ACFDF9F99A" box="[576,624,1616,1640]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<location id="C712F2D91815FFDCFD3AF9ACFCF0F995" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A6415141815FFE1FF5EFBF4FAE4F9FA:C712F2D91815FFDCFD3AF9ACFCF0F995" box="[755,889,1616,1639]" name="Carcinornis" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" stateProvince="Costa">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFD3AF9ACFCF0F995" box="[755,889,1616,1639]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Carcinornis</emphasis>
|
||
</location>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFC54F9ACFB5AF99A" authority="Costa, 1864" authorityName="Costa" authorityYear="1864" box="[925,1235,1615,1640]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFC54F9ACFBC9F99A" box="[925,1088,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">C. acutirostris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFB80F9ACFB5AF99A" author="Costa" box="[1097,1235,1615,1640]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Costa, A. (1864) Di alcuni Crostacei e di un distomideo parassito degli acalefi. Rendiconto della R. Accademia della Scienze Fisiche e Matamatiche di Napoli. Fascicolo 4." type="book chapter" year="1864">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="00096AE01815FFDCFB80F9ACFB05F99A" box="[1097,1164,1616,1640]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
, 1864
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by page priority
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="72A5AE5F1815FFDCFF5EF989FC68F8EF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1325647116" location="Gulf of Naples" municipality="Mediterranean Sea" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Costa" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="1D761AA01815FFDCFF5EF989FF46F97F" box="[151,207,1653,1677]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material could not be found in any Italian or major European institution and is considered lost. Costa’s description is too brief to enable a generic or specific determination of this species but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFBAEF96BFA92F942" author="Stebbing" box="[1127,1307,1687,1712]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1888) Report on the Amphipoda collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger' during the years 1873 - 76. Zoology, 29, i - xxiv & 1 - 1737, plates 1 - 210." type="journal article" year="1888">Stebbing (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered his second species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFEB8F941FD8FF927" box="[369,518,1724,1749]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inflaticeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFEB8F941FD8FF927" box="[369,518,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">C. inflaticeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, to be “suggestive of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFD33F940FBCCF927" authority="Claus" authorityName="Claus" box="[762,1093,1724,1749]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Oxycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="typhoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFD33F940FC74F927" box="[762,1021,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Oxycephalus typhoides</emphasis>
|
||
Claus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” which is currently regarded a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFEE7F923FDD4F90A" box="[302,605,1759,1784]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scleroticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFEE7F923FDD4F90A" box="[302,605,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Cranocephalus scleroticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and this is the currently accepted, although very doubtful, status for Costa’s species. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="1D761AA01815FFDCFE4BF8F9FE3BF8EF" box="[386,434,1797,1821]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality is the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="22163E781815FFDCFD9EF8F8FCA5F8EE" box="[599,812,1796,1821]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Mediterranean Sea</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="C712F2D91815FFDCFCFEF8F8FC68F8EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A6415141815FFE1FF5EFBF4FAE4F9FA:C712F2D91815FFDCFCFEF8F8FC68F8EF" box="[823,993,1796,1821]" municipality="Mediterranean Sea" name="Gulf of Naples" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" stateProvince="Costa">Gulf of Naples</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021815FFDCFF0EF8DBFB1CF87A" blockId="95.[151,1437,1327,2037]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFF0EF8DBFEDBF8B2" box="[199,338,1831,1856]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Stebbingella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFF0EF8DBFEDBF8B2" box="[199,338,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Stebbingella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was instituted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31815FFDCFDEDF8DBFD6AF8B2" author="Bovallius" box="[548,739,1831,1856]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refString="Bovallius, C. (1890) The Oxycephalids. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis, series iii, 14, 1 - 141, plates 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1890">Bovallius (1890)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFCDCF8DBFB4FF8B2" authority="Streets, 1878" authorityName="Streets" authorityYear="1878" box="[789,1222,1831,1856]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Oxycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scleroticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFCDCF8DBFBAFF8B2" box="[789,1062,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Oxycephalus scleroticus</emphasis>
|
||
Streets, 1878
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but this species is considered a senior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811815FFDCFDC5F8B0FD72F896" box="[524,763,1868,1893]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFDC5F8B0FD72F896" box="[524,763,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Cranocephalus goesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Bovallius was most likely unaware of the variation in the morphology of the head, which is characteristic of this genus, thus adding to the confusion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891815FFE1FF0EF868FC80FD3E" lastPageId="98" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021815FFE1FF0EF868FD71FD5A" blockId="95.[151,1437,1327,2037]" lastBlockId="98.[151,1437,151,1544]" lastPageId="98" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101815FFDCFF0EF868FEC8F85F" bold="true" box="[199,321,1940,1965]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Body shape robust or globular. Head oval. Rostrum distinctly elongate, pointed. Eyes occupying most of head surface except for rostrum; grouped in one field on each side of head. Antennae 1 of males with 2- articulate peduncle; flagellum with large, crescent-shaped callynophore, with relatively large antero-distal lobe, with aesthetascs arranged in two-field brush medially, with three smaller articles inserted below antero-dorsal corner. Antennae 1 of females without peduncle; callynophore narrowly rectangular, with two smaller articles inserted terminally. Antennae 2 absent in females. Antennae 2 of males 5-articulate; strongly zig-zagged, with most articles folded back on each other; extending anteriorly under head and posteriorly between the gnathopoda to pereonite 2; basal article elongate, sub-equal in length to following article; terminal article very short, not folded, pointing posteriorly. Mandibular palp 3-articulate in males. Mandibular incisor relatively broad, with several teeth, with small distal lobe medially; in male orientated more or less parallel to palp. Maxillae 1 consisting of rounded plates. Maxillae 2 absent. Maxilliped with inner lobes completely fused; medial margin of outer lobes with membranous fringe. Coxae all partly fused with pereonites; coxa 5 usually with lateral spinous process. Gnathopods 1 & 2 chelate or sub-chelate; carpal process knife-shaped, armed with prominent teeth only. Pereopods 3 & 4 sub-equal in length to pereopods 5 & 6. Pereopod 5 & 6 with very broad basis, with bulging posterior margin, but not operculate, not overlapping with opposing pereopoda; articles 3–7 inserted terminally to basis. Pereopod 7 reduced in size with large basis; all articles present; dactylus normal. Uropoda all with articulated exopoda and endopoda, all lanceolate, usually with serrated margins. Telson fused with double urosomite. Oostegites on pereonites 2–5. Gills on pereonites 2–6; all with folds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="96B2F48A182AFFE3FF5EF83DFC65F807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/166466/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" targetBox="[250,1328,214,1926]" targetPageId="96">
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A402182AFFE3FF5EF83DFC65F807" blockId="96.[151,1436,1985,2037]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B97810182AFFE3FF5EF83DFEABF824" bold="true" box="[151,290,1985,2007]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">FIGURE 47.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF81182AFFE3FEE3F83DFD52F825" authority="Streets, 1878" authorityName="Streets" authorityYear="1878" box="[298,731,1985,2007]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scleroticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B97810182AFFE3FEE3F83DFE4CF825" box="[298,453,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Cranocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B97810182AFFE3FE07F83DFDB2F825" box="[462,571,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">scleroticus</emphasis>
|
||
(Streets, 1878)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (14.4 mm), N.E. Indian Ocean, near Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia, SAMA C5927.
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B97810182AFFE3FE69F823FE3BF806" bold="true" box="[416,434,2015,2036]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">A</emphasis>
|
||
, habitus. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A), 0.5 mm (remainder).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="96B2F48A182BFFE2FF5EF867FD05F81C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/166467/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" targetBox="[213,1351,206,1891]" targetPageId="97">
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A402182BFFE2FF5EF867FD05F81C" blockId="97.[151,1436,1947,2030]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B97810182BFFE2FF5EF867FEABF842" bold="true" box="[151,290,1947,1969]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">FIGURE 48.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF81182BFFE2FEE3F867FD52F843" authority="Streets, 1878" authorityName="Streets" authorityYear="1878" box="[298,731,1947,1969]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scleroticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B97810182BFFE2FEE3F867FE4CF843" box="[298,453,1947,1969]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Cranocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B97810182BFFE2FE07F867FDB2F843" box="[462,571,1947,1969]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">scleroticus</emphasis>
|
||
(Streets, 1878)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, male (14.4 mm), N.E. Indian Ocean, near Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia, SAMA C5927 (G1 & 2); female (8.1 mm) and male (6.3 mm), Indian Ocean, off South Africa, SAMA C5814. Scale bars = 0.1 mm (Mx1, Mxp), 0.2 mm (remainder).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021828FFE1FF0EFD48FC80FD3E" blockId="98.[151,1437,151,1544]" box="[199,777,692,717]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FF0EFD48FEACFD3F" bold="true" box="[199,293,692,717]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Species.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FEE5FD48FC8CFD3E" authority="Streets, 1878" authorityName="Streets" authorityYear="1878" box="[300,773,692,717]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scleroticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FEE5FD48FDDFFD3F" box="[300,598,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Cranocephalus scleroticus</emphasis>
|
||
(Streets, 1878)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891828FFE1FF0EFD2BFD03FCCA" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021828FFE1FF0EFD2BFD03FCCA" blockId="98.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FF0EFD2BFE33FD02" bold="true" box="[199,442,727,752]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
|
||
Apart from obvious morphological differences in the antennae and mandibles, males tend to have a slightly larger head, especially in mature specimens.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31828FFE1FC4DFD01FB85FCE7" author="Fage" box="[900,1036,764,789]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" refString="Fage, L. (1960) Oxycephalidae, amphipods pelagiques. Dana Reports, 52, 1 - 135." type="journal article" year="1960">Fage (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
lists other differences (all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FAFDFD00FAF0FCE7" box="[1332,1401,764,789]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Rhabdosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minor">minor</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in relative lengths of the body and appendages.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891828FFE1FF0EFCB8FAFEFB15" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021828FFE1FF0EFCB8FB5CFC3A" blockId="98.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FF0EFCB8FEB2FCAF" bold="true" box="[199,315,836,861]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This genus is readily distinguished by the morphology of the head, body, gnathopoda, pereopoda and urosome. Additional distinctive characters are the strongly, calcified cuticle, and the distinctive pores found on the basis of pereopods 5–7, which also occur on the pereonites and pleonites. The fifth coxae also usually have a strong, backward projecting, spinous process, a character not found in any other oxycephalidean.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021828FFE1FF0EFC28FCE9FBC7" blockId="98.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FF0EFC28FEFBFC1F" box="[199,370,980,1005]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FF0EFC28FEFBFC1F" box="[199,370,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Cranocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unusual in the development of the head. In juveniles the head is globular with a relatively short, sharp rostrum which becomes larger and longer in adults. A failure to appreciate these changes in development may have led to some past errors in identification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021828FFE1FF0EFBBCFAFEFB15" blockId="98.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Amongst the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FE02FBC3FDFFFBAA" box="[459,630,1087,1112]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Oxycephalidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FD43FBC3FCBCFBAA" box="[650,821,1087,1112]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FD43FBC3FCBCFBAA" box="[650,821,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Cranocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not closely resemble any other genus. The morphology of the male antennae is most like that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FD39FB98FC26FB8F" box="[752,943,1124,1149]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Calamorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FD39FB98FC26FB8F" box="[752,943,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Calamorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FC2FFB99FBCCFB8E" box="[998,1093,1125,1148]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Streetsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FC2FFB99FBCCFB8E" box="[998,1093,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Streetsia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The first antennae of females are reduced to three articles, as is sometimes found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FCEBFB7BFC3DFB52" box="[802,948,1159,1184]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Rhabdosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FCEBFB7BFC3DFB52" box="[802,948,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Rhabdosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differ in their morphology. The first maxillae are very small, and the second maxillae are absent, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FC55FB50FBD2FB37" box="[924,1115,1196,1221]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Calamorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FC55FB50FBD2FB37" box="[924,1115,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Calamorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FB5FFB51FA83FB36" box="[1174,1290,1197,1220]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Leptocotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FB5FFB51FA83FB36" box="[1174,1290,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Leptocotis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The simple maxillipeds are most like those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FDD1FB33FD23FB1A" box="[536,682,1231,1256]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Rhabdosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FDD1FB33FD23FB1A" box="[536,682,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Rhabdosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and also approach those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FC23FB33FBF2FB1A" box="[1002,1147,1231,1256]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Oxycephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FC23FB33FBF2FB1A" box="[1002,1147,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Oxycephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FB78FB33FAF9FB1A" box="[1201,1392,1231,1256]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Calamorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FB78FB33FAF9FB1A" box="[1201,1392,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Calamorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891828FFE1FF0EFB08FB77FA32" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021828FFE1FF0EFB08FD2EFA85" blockId="98.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FF0EFB08FEFBFAFF" ID-CoL="7NTPP" box="[199,370,1268,1293]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FF0EFB08FEFBFAFF" box="[199,370,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Cranocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently considered to be monotypic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31828FFE1FC80FB08FC4DFAFF" author="Fage" box="[841,964,1268,1293]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" refString="Fage, L. (1960) Oxycephalidae, amphipods pelagiques. Dana Reports, 52, 1 - 135." type="journal article" year="1960">Fage 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31828FFE1FC19FB08FB51FAFE" author="Vinogradov" box="[976,1240,1268,1293]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" refString="Vinogradov, M. E., Volkov, A. F. & Semenova, T. N. (1982) Amfipody-Giperiidy (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) Mirovogo Okeanea. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Opredeliteli po Faune SSSR No. 132. Leningrad, 492 pp. [In Russian, English translation, 1996, Smithsonian Institution Libraries, Washington D. C., D. Siegel-Causey, Scientific Editor]." type="book" year="1982">
|
||
Vinogradov
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FB95FB09FB04FAFF" box="[1116,1165,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1982
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and all nominal species are considered synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FDFCFAE4FC09FAC2" ID-CoL="Z54J" authority="Streets, 1878" authorityName="Streets" authorityYear="1878" box="[565,896,1303,1328]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scleroticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FDFCFAE4FD46FAC2" box="[565,719,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. scleroticus</emphasis>
|
||
(Streets, 1878)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FBC8FAE4FB65FAC2" authority="Sudara, 1975" authorityName="Sudara" authorityYear="1975" box="[1025,1260,1303,1328]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thai">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FBC8FAE4FBC7FAC2" box="[1025,1102,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. thai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31828FFE1FB9EFAEBFB65FAC2" author="Sudara" box="[1111,1260,1303,1328]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" refString="Sudara, S. (1975) A new species of Cranocephalus (Amphipoda, Hyperiidea, Oxycephalidae) from the Gulf of Thailand and the South China Sea. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society, 26, 41 - 50." type="journal article" year="1975">Sudara, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be a valid species because two key characters, a rounded rostrum and the carpus of gnathopod 2 with a serrated posterior margin (like G1), are atypical of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FDC1FA9CFD29FA8A" ID-CoL="Z54J" box="[520,672,1375,1400]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scleroticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FDC1FA9CFD29FA8A" box="[520,672,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. scleroticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021828FFE1FF0EFA78FB77FA32" blockId="98.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
There are very few records of associations with gelatinous plankton. It has been found with the ctenophores,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FF5EFA5BFECEFA32" box="[151,327,1447,1472]" class="Tentaculata" family="Pleurobrachiidae" genus="Pleurobranchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cydippida" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FF5EFA5BFECEFA32" box="[151,327,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Pleurobranchia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (Harbison
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FE25FA55FD94FA32" box="[492,541,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1977) and species of the order
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FC4DFA5BFB73FA32" ID-CoL="8ZXGQ" authority="Harbison et al. 1978" authorityName="Harbison et al." authorityYear="1978" box="[900,1274,1447,1472]" class="Tentaculata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cydippida" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Ctenophora" rank="order">
|
||
Cydippida (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31828FFE1FBCEFA5BFB7BFA32" author="Harbison" box="[1031,1266,1447,1472]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" refString="Harbison, G. R., Madin, L. P. & Swanberg, N. R. (1978) On the natural history and distribution of oceanic ctenophores. Deep-Sea Research, 25, 233 - 256. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / 0146 - 6291 (78) 90590 - 8" type="journal article" year="1978">
|
||
Harbison
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FBBEFA55FB21FA32" box="[1143,1192,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1978
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8AD7F7891828FFE1FF0EFA31FAE4F9FA" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C272A4021828FFE1FF0EFA31FAE4F9FA" blockId="98.[151,1437,151,1544]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A65CD9F31828FFE1FF0EFA31FED9FA17" author="Fage" box="[199,336,1484,1509]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" refString="Fage, L. (1960) Oxycephalidae, amphipods pelagiques. Dana Reports, 52, 1 - 135." type="journal article" year="1960">Fage (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provides some biogeographical information regarding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="05CDDF811828FFE1FC77FA31FBDEFA17" box="[958,1111,1484,1509]" class="Malacostraca" family="Oxycephalidae" genus="Cranocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scleroticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F0B978101828FFE1FC77FA31FBDEFA17" box="[958,1111,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">C. scleroticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It seems to be epipelagic in habit, and is widespread in tropical regions of the world’s oceans, but has not been recorded from the Red Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |