511 lines
62 KiB
XML
511 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document id="1A266A9BA7F9737F60C17A102E127F3D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.188745" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dfdb39e9-8c2f-4825-9435-2a562dcf6fd5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="188745" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461096618451" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dorchin, Netta, Mcevoy, Miles V., Dowling, Todd A., Abrahamson, Warren G. & Moore, Joseph G." docDate="2009" docId="074287C9FFD2E30DFF01FF755EC63DAB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02152p035.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2152" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Rhopalomyia solidaginis Loew 1862" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FB7BFFB1FFCFE312FF96FFE25A543D73" masterDocTitle="Revision of the goldenrod-galling Rhopalomyia species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in North America" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698589499081" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="4E3B74EBFFFD2B0FB1252E054E7CE545" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="38ECA891BFB881856B662DB3C1736E73">
|
||
<mods:title id="A70DB0ADEF5025E0A241A830AB53DB43">Revision of the goldenrod-galling Rhopalomyia species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in North America</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="4DB329D667C43868E91FB7387FA9AB9E" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="53526338200AC442E1926B82D18D935A">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="FAA4184D1D4A69E1E55E91721A058DED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="7E0865E645B64F0C1720304D5B76F999">Dorchin, Netta</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="9D93225D1D1E8438147E47D8A2E0F2D1" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="BD311B1B5FCA932453C70EB5E91DB0F6">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F3841BCAC54AB6E8AE6839FA3F67F5B5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="15690DE0F23A51E9B8B1A4C383CAB89F">Mcevoy, Miles V.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="9D57F15DC53B92694EBE04C8135C18CB" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="48EBE9E0B88FDA9B2D813729114C468E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="6A6B1D7807136D7C86461708E32E87A7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="370AACCBA0A115CE3A32BDA17418B062">Dowling, Todd A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="CE339E84BF00F8FFD28581E8A9646C96" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="5127321619E08BDA59B00BF535417B7C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="25BFB04A4DB1AB41F08856B49C5B91C1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="6A0E7A29062A2F575A1A88A7D540ED5E">Abrahamson, Warren G.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B239C930E2DDEBDBBFEE22B36158C70A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="64CE4DEAD93EF4949FC52240208DB552">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="6D579C550CDA290F2B175A2A69F2C5B6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="880A1FAEB3C17F195FE574442515884F">Moore, Joseph G.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="1CC12194A24D3FA9C994C37AB8C88AD9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="7AB04A8E86D46E2C27F84CC3A57CC82B" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="4968E46EB2EADE6631C033708A946180">
|
||
<mods:title id="2F3311218D40115646DA039A27388F06">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="FFD51AD46C4CCDD82E972BAAA08E15A7">
|
||
<mods:date id="4230FC98A7388DEDEC945449F878B801">2009</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="7E6B44D41FDB45DC4EBA2C2B291E08F0" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="91887D3F65A7BEA915DAAB7ECAEEBE37">2152</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="3698562ED6D0B98481ABC90C83EB2219" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="10F0ED65D221563398411934C05B8AF8">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="C607AACB2140C293B837D55A5E3AD042">35</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="20F657A040540DBEE426587F05FF8C4D">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="CCB347170D47156FBD1F3409E49E9AE8" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.188745</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="ED77A17DB622E8A4514B9DFB5BCFACB8" type="GBIF-Dataset">dfdb39e9-8c2f-4825-9435-2a562dcf6fd5</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C5002541733EA6A8BAE7201E0701F7B0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="988AFB92B73ED6020B2A1DE0248C053E" type="Zenodo-Dep">188745</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="074287C9FFD2E30DFF01FF755EC63DAB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6217077" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119620540" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6217077" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:074287C9FFD2E30DFF01FF755EC63DAB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/074287C9FFD2E30DFF01FF755EC63DAB" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C7F16554FFD2E30FFF01FF7558373DC2" box="[151,611,151,177]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD2E30FFF01FF7558373DC2" blockId="29.[151,611,151,177]" box="[151,611,151,177]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<heading id="D41C81B3FFD2E30FFF01FF7558373DC2" bold="true" box="[151,611,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFF01FF7558373DC2" ID-CoL="8DN7D" authority="Loew 1862" authorityName="Loew" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,611,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFF01FF7558373DC2" bold="true" box="[151,611,151,177]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFF01FF755B963DC2" bold="true" box="[151,450,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rhopalomyia solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7A4B2EFFD2E30FFE47FF75580E3DC2" author="Loew" box="[465,602,151,177]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" refString="Loew, H. (1862) Monographs of the Diptera of North America. Part I. Smithsonian Institution Miscellaneous Collections, 6, 1 - 221." type="journal article" year="1862">Loew 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C7F16554FFD2E30FFF01FF035E913E9F" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD2E30FFF01FF0358A43C6A" blockId="29.[151,926,225,313]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AFFB11F1FFD2E30FFF01FF0358A43C6A" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFF01FF03581E3D8B" ID-CoL="87V9F" authority="Loew 1862: 194" authorityName="Loew" authorityPageNumber="194" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,586,225,248]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFF01FF035BC63D8B" box="[151,402,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cecidomyia solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0E4A10CEFFD2E30FFE0EFF03581E3D8B" author="Loew" box="[408,586,225,248]" page="194" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1862">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7A4B2EFFD2E30FFE0EFF0358413D8B" author="Loew" box="[408,533,225,248]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" refString="Loew, H. (1862) Monographs of the Diptera of North America. Part I. Smithsonian Institution Miscellaneous Collections, 6, 1 - 221." type="journal article" year="1862">Loew 1862</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 194
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0E4A10CEFFD2E30FFDC3FF0358A53D8B" author="Felt" box="[597,753,225,248]" page="246" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1915">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7A4B2EFFD2E30FFDC3FF0358EA3D8B" author="Felt" box="[597,702,225,248]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" refString="Felt, E. P. (1915) Appendix: A study of gall midges III. Pp. 127 - 288, 295 - 326 In: 30 th report of the State Entomologist on injurious and other insects of the state of New York 1914. New York State Museum Bulletin, 180: 7 - 336." type="journal article" year="1915">Felt 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 246
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFC96FF0359DA3D8B" ID-CoL="79D8" box="[768,910,225,248]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFC96FF0359DA3D8B" box="[768,910,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rhopalomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFF01FEE358143C6B" ID-CoL="8DN5P" authority="Felt 1908: 364" authorityName="Felt" authorityPageNumber="364" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,576,257,280]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFF01FEE35BCF3C6B" box="[151,411,257,280]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rhopalomyia albipennis</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0E4A10CEFFD2E30FFE37FEE358143C6B" author="Felt" box="[417,576,257,280]" page="364" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1908">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7A4B2EFFD2E30FFE37FEE3585F3C6B" author="Felt" box="[417,523,257,280]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" refString="Felt, E. P. (1908) Appendix D. pp. 286 - 422, 489 - 510. In: 23 rd report of the state entomologist on injurious and other insects of the state of New York, 1907. New York State Museum Bulletin, 124, 5 - 541." type="journal article" year="1908">Felt 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 364
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFDDCFEE358A43C6A" bold="true" box="[586,752,257,281]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">New synonym.</emphasis>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD2E30FFF01FEC3588E3C4A" blockId="29.[151,926,225,313]" box="[151,730,289,313]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AFFB11F1FFD2E30FFF01FEC3588E3C4A" box="[151,730,289,313]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFF01FEC3587E3C4B" ID-CoL="8DN6B" authority="Felt 1908: 363" authorityName="Felt" authorityPageNumber="363" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,554,289,312]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFF01FEC35BD13C4B" box="[151,389,289,312]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rhopalomyia carolina</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0E4A10CEFFD2E30FFE1AFEC3587E3C4B" author="Felt" box="[396,554,289,312]" page="363" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" year="1908">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7A4B2EFFD2E30FFE1AFEC35BA13C4B" author="Felt" box="[396,501,289,312]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" refString="Felt, E. P. (1908) Appendix D. pp. 286 - 422, 489 - 510. In: 23 rd report of the state entomologist on injurious and other insects of the state of New York, 1907. New York State Museum Bulletin, 124, 5 - 541." type="journal article" year="1908">Felt 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 363
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFDA2FEC3588E3C4A" bold="true" box="[564,730,289,313]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">New synonym.</emphasis>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD2E30FFF01FE8A5E913E9F" blockId="29.[151,1437,360,2010]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Adult: Body densely covered by dark scales. Antenna with 17 or 19–20 flagellomeres in male (spring and summer generations, respectively), 17 or 20–23 flagellomeres in female (spring and summer generations, respectively); necks of male flagellomeres III–VII 0.63–1.00 or 0.50–0.80 times as long as nodes (spring and summer generations respectively); female flagellomeres without necks. Palpus 2-segmented; second segment at least twice as long as first, rounded or sometimes tapered apically, setose and setulose, with several elongate, dark brown scales. Wing length 3.7 or 4.0–
|
||
<quantity id="48139B3AFFD2E30FFCA5FDCB59C53F30" box="[819,913,553,579]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in male (spring and summer generations, respectively), 3.1–3.3 or
|
||
<quantity id="48139B3AFFD2E30FFE5BFDB2581E3F19" box="[461,586,592,618]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.763" metricValueMax="10.414" metricValueMin="7.111999999999999" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="in" value="3.4499999999999997" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="2.8">2.8–4.1 in</quantity>
|
||
female (spring and summer generations, respectively). Legs densely covered by dark brown scales. Male terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D02A5AFFD2E30FFD4AFD9459243FE3" box="[732,880,630,656]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 25" captionStartId="17.[151,280,994,1018]" captionTargetBox="[251,1345,182,954]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[237,1356,173,970]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 25. Male terminalia (in dorsal view unless otherwise noted). 20. Rhopalomyia inquisitor. 21. Rhopalomyia lobata. 22. Rhopalomyia racemicola. 23. Rhopalomyia solidaginis. 24. Rhopalomyia solidaginis, ventral. 25. Rhopalomyia thompsoni. Scale bars = 0.1 mm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188748/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 23–24</figureCitation>
|
||
): gonocoxite bulbous and robust, very wide at mid length, strongly setose, with very long, mesally directed setae on ventral side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D02A5AFFD2E30FFB1FFD7F5EB13FC4" box="[1161,1253,669,695]" captionStart="FIGURES 20 – 25" captionStartId="17.[151,280,994,1018]" captionTargetBox="[251,1345,182,954]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[237,1356,173,970]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 20 – 25. Male terminalia (in dorsal view unless otherwise noted). 20. Rhopalomyia inquisitor. 21. Rhopalomyia lobata. 22. Rhopalomyia racemicola. 23. Rhopalomyia solidaginis. 24. Rhopalomyia solidaginis, ventral. 25. Rhopalomyia thompsoni. Scale bars = 0.1 mm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188748/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
), with strongly setose mediobasal lobe; gonocoxal apodeme undivided, narrows anteriorly; gonostylus short and wide, narrows only slightly toward apex, setose and setulose throughout, with brush-like tooth; aedeagus rounded apically; hypoproct with apical notch, setose and setulose; cerci very wide, separated by deep notch, strongly setose and setulose. Female abdomen (Fig. 38): tergite 7 trapezoid, weakly sclerotized along anterior and lateral margins, with two anterior trichoid sensilla, several rows of setae posteriorly, and groups of setae mesolaterally; tergite 8 Y-shaped, proximal arms narrow distally and widen proximally, less than third the length of shaft, each with anterior trichoid sensillum; shaft with weakly sclerotized patches; ovipositor 4.0–4.1 or 3.6–4.6 times as long as tergite 7 (spring and summer generations, respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C7F16554FFD2E30FFF50FC1B59333913" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD2E30FFF50FC1B59333913" blockId="29.[151,1437,360,2010]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Pupa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D02A5AFFD2E30FFE82FC1B5BFC3960" box="[276,424,1017,1043]" captionStart="FIGURES 48 – 55" captionStartId="23.[151,270,1839,1863]" captionTargetBox="[330,1253,199,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[327,1260,194,1815]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 48 – 55. Pupal heads. 48. Rhopalomyia hirtipes, ventral. 49. Rhopalomyia hirtipes, lateral. 50. Rhopalomyia lobata, ventral. 51. Rhopalomyia lobata, lateral. 52. Rhopalomyia pedicellata, ventral. 53. Rhopalomyia pedicellata, lateral. 54. Rhopalomyia solidaginis, ventral. 55. Rhopalomyia solidaginis, lateral. Scale bars = 300 μm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188750/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 54–55</figureCitation>
|
||
): Light orange. Antennal bases short and blunt; basal part wide V-shaped in frontal view. Frons sometimes with tiny projection at mid length, without pronounced lateral projections; basal edge rounded. Prothoracic spiracle divided apically into 2–3 lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C7F16554FFD2E30FFF50FB8F5BB73890" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD2E30FFF50FB8F58AA381C" blockId="29.[151,1437,360,2010]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFF50FB8F5B2A39F4" bold="true" box="[198,382,1133,1159]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<typeStatus id="5050887DFFD2E30FFF50FB8F5B5539F4" box="[198,257,1133,1159]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFE1FFB8F58A439F4" authority="Loew." authorityName="Loew." box="[393,752,1133,1159]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFE1FFB8F58CB39F5" box="[393,671,1133,1158]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Cecidomyia solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
Loew.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="5050887DFFD2E30FFD6EFB8F590F39F4" box="[760,859,1133,1159]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designated here: male,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFBEEFB8F5EE239F4" box="[1144,1206,1133,1159]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, West Dryden, NY,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFF01FB765B4839DD" box="[151,284,1172,1198]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1987-05-28">28/V/1987</date>
|
||
, M.V. McEvoy, reared from rosette gall on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFCA2FB76599639DE" box="[820,962,1172,1198]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFCA2FB76591739DE" box="[820,835,1172,1197]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFCC2FB76599639DE" box="[852,962,1172,1197]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">altissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="5050887DFFD2E30FFB9CFB765E3E39DD" box="[1034,1130,1172,1198]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is designated in order to clarify the taxonomic status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFD92FB59595239A7" authority="Loew" authorityName="Loew" box="[516,774,1210,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFD92FB5958F339A7" box="[516,679,1211,1236]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
(Loew)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whose
|
||
<typeStatus id="5050887DFFD2E30FFCF3FB5859CC39A7" box="[869,920,1210,1236]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series is lost. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="5050887DFFD2E30FFBE2FB585E8539A7" box="[1140,1233,1210,1236]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is so labeled and is deposited together with 9 associated permanent microscopic slides of
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFC6BFB035E253988" box="[1021,1137,1249,1275]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">7 females</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFB3AFB035F5C3988" box="[1196,1288,1249,1275]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">7 males</specimenCount>
|
||
of the same series in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="E9FAAE1AFFD2E30FFEAEFAEA5BC03851" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[312,404,1288,1314]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
. This species was based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFD62FAEA591C3851" box="[756,840,1288,1314]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFC11FAEA59A03851" box="[903,1012,1288,1314]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFBD4FAEA5ED63851" box="[1090,1154,1288,1314]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, District of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFA8CFAEA5FCC3851" box="[1306,1432,1288,1314]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Columbia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, collected by B. Osten Sacken in August (unspecified date), ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFC17FACD5E5D383B" box="[897,1033,1327,1352]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFC17FACD5E5D383B" box="[897,1033,1327,1352]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. altissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These
|
||
<typeStatus id="5050887DFFD2E30FFBF0FACC5E99383B" box="[1126,1229,1326,1352]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are neither in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="E9FAAE1AFFD2E30FFF01FAB75ABE381C" box="[151,234,1365,1391]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">MCZC</collectionCode>
|
||
nor in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="E9FAAE1AFFD2E30FFEFFFAB75BEA381C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[361,446,1365,1391]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
and we consider them lost.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD2E30FFF53FA9E5BB73890" blockId="29.[151,1437,360,2010]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFF53FA9E584E38E5" authority="Felt" authorityName="Felt" box="[197,538,1404,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFF53FA9E5BB638E6" box="[197,482,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rhopalomyia albipennis</emphasis>
|
||
Felt
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="5050887DFFD2E30FFDB3FA9E58C138E5" box="[549,661,1404,1430]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFD09FA9E58A438E5" box="[671,752,1404,1430]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFD6DFA9E596D38E5" box="[763,825,1404,1430]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Albany, NY,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFC41FA9E5EDC38E5" box="[983,1160,1404,1430]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1907-09-10" valueMax="1907-09-11" valueMin="1907-09-10">10–11/IX/1907</date>
|
||
, E.P. Felt, Felt # a1655, deposited in Felt Collection;
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFD90FA40583238CF" box="[518,614,1442,1468]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
(pinned),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFD7CFA40597F38CF" box="[746,811,1442,1468]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Albany, NY,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFC4DFA405E3938CF" box="[987,1133,1442,1468]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1907-09-14">14/IX/1907</date>
|
||
, E.P. Felt, Felt # a1655, deposited in Felt Collection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C7F16554FFD2E30CFF53FA125EF83905" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD2E30FFF53FA125BB73B43" blockId="29.[151,1437,360,2010]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFF53FA12585C3B79" authority="Felt" authorityName="Felt" box="[197,520,1520,1546]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFF53FA125B993B7A" box="[197,461,1520,1545]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rhopalomyia carolina</emphasis>
|
||
Felt
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="5050887DFFD2E30FFD85FA1258D13B79" box="[531,645,1520,1546]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFD04FA1258AF3B79" box="[658,763,1520,1546]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFC9EFA1259123B79" box="[776,838,1520,1546]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Asheville, NC,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFB9AFA125E2B3B79" box="[1036,1151,1520,1546]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1906-10-04">4/X/1906</date>
|
||
, E.P. Felt, Felt # a1635, deposited in Felt Collection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD2E30FFF59F9DF5E9D3AC0" blockId="29.[151,1437,360,2010]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Other material examined (all from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFDE4F9DF59193B25" box="[626,845,1597,1622]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFDE4F9DF59193B25" box="[626,845,1597,1622]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Solidago altissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
unless otherwise noted):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFBE9F9DF5F483B25" box="[1151,1308,1597,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFBE9F9DF5F483B25" box="[1151,1308,1597,1622]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">R. albipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFABBF9DF5FCC3B24" box="[1325,1432,1597,1623]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFF01F9865A813B0D" box="[151,213,1636,1662]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Bath, NY,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFECAF9865B8C3B0D" box="[348,472,1636,1662]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1907-09-05">5/IX/1907</date>
|
||
, E.P. Felt, Felt # a1655, deposited in Felt Collection;
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFBDAF9865EE13B0D" box="[1100,1205,1636,1662]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFB57F9865EAB3B0D" box="[1217,1279,1636,1662]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Albany, NY,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFF01F9685B1F3BD7" box="[151,331,1674,1700]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1907-09-10" valueMax="1907-09-11" valueMin="1907-09-10">10–11/IX/1907</date>
|
||
, E.P. Felt, Felt # a1655, deposited in Felt Collection.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFC29F9695E343BD7" box="[959,1120,1675,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFC29F9695E343BD7" box="[959,1120,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFBE6F9685E993BD7" box="[1136,1229,1674,1700]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFB4CF9685F1A3BD7" box="[1242,1358,1674,1700]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFACCF9685FCC3BD7" box="[1370,1432,1674,1700]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, West Dryden, NY,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFEEBF953587B3BB8" box="[381,559,1713,1739]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1987-05-28" valueMax="1987-05-30" valueMin="1987-05-28">28–30/V/1987</date>
|
||
, M.V. McEvoy;
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFD6FF953590E3BB8" box="[761,858,1713,1739]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFCF1F95359B43BB8" box="[871,992,1713,1739]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFC7BF9535E783BB8" box="[1005,1068,1713,1739]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, West Dryden, NY,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFAB6F9535A803B81" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="1987-09-15" valueMax="1987-09-18" valueMin="1987-09-15">15–18/IX/ 1987</date>
|
||
, M.V. McEvoy;
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFE03F93A5BA53B81" box="[405,497,1752,1778]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFE6EF93A58623B81" box="[504,566,1752,1778]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, PA, Bucknell University Chillisquaque Creek Natural Area,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFA94F93A5F203B81" box="[1282,1396,1752,1778]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2006-05-05">5/V/2006</date>
|
||
, N. Dorchin, ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFEA3F91D5BA83A6B" box="[309,508,1791,1816]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFEA3F91D5BA83A6B" box="[309,508,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Solidago rugosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFD9BF91C58243A6B" box="[525,624,1790,1816]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFDEBF91C58E83A6B" box="[637,700,1790,1816]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, PA, Bucknell University Chillisquaque Creek Natural Area,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFF01F8C75B603A4C" box="[151,308,1829,1855]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2006-08-25">25/VIII/2006</date>
|
||
, N. Dorchin;
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFE42F8C758603A4C" box="[468,564,1829,1855]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFDD6F8C7582A3A4C" box="[576,638,1829,1855]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, PA, Liberty Valley Rd.,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFC32F8C75E743A4C" box="[932,1056,1829,1855]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2006-09-03">3/IX/2006</date>
|
||
, N. Dorchin;
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFB29F8C75F483A4C" box="[1215,1308,1829,1855]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFAB5F8C75FC33A4C" box="[1315,1431,1829,1855]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFF01F8AE5A813A15" box="[151,213,1868,1894]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, PA, Bucknell University Chillisquaque Creek Natural Area,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFC35F8AE5E4B3A15" box="[931,1055,1868,1894]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2006-09-04">4/IX/2006</date>
|
||
, N. Dorchin;
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFB28F8AE5F483A15" box="[1214,1308,1868,1894]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFABEF8AE5F323A15" box="[1320,1382,1868,1894]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, PA, Bucknell University Chillisquaque Creek Natural Area,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFCDAF89059883AFF" box="[844,988,1906,1932]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2006-09-12">12/IX/2006</date>
|
||
, N. Dorchin, ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFB24F8915F283AFF" box="[1202,1404,1907,1932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFB24F8915F283AFF" box="[1202,1404,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Solidago rugosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="99EDFD56FFD2E30FFA1BF8905A893AC0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="pupa">2 pupae</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F7FC764FFFD2E30FFF7AF87B5B7E3AC0" box="[236,298,1945,1971]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Mifflinburg, PA,
|
||
<date id="FB55101FFFD2E30FFE68F87B582A3AC0" box="[510,638,1945,1971]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2007-05-17">17/V/2007</date>
|
||
, N. Dorchin & M. Wise, ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFC46F87B5E953AC1" box="[976,1217,1945,1970]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFC46F87B5E953AC1" box="[976,1217,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Solidago canadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD2E30FFF50F85D591C3AAA" blockId="29.[151,1437,360,2010]" box="[198,840,1983,2010]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFF50F85D5B5E3AAA" bold="true" box="[198,266,1983,2009]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Host:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFE84F82258CD3AAA" box="[274,665,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFE84F8225BBA3AAA" box="[274,494,1984,2009]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altissima">Solidago altissima</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFE6CF82258CD3AAA" box="[506,665,1984,2009]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">S. canadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD2E30FFD4CF822591C3AAA" box="[730,840,1984,2009]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD2E30FFD4CF822591C3AAA" box="[730,840,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">S. rugosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD1E30CFF50FF75590C3F87" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFF50FF755BF23DC2" bold="true" box="[198,422,151,177]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Gall and biology:</emphasis>
|
||
This species is bivoltine and induces morphologically different bud galls in spring (April–May) and summer (August–September), which are very similar on all three host plants. The springgeneration galls (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D02A5AFFD1E30CFEF2FF075BA23D8C" box="[356,502,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 77" captionStartId="26.[151,274,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[243,1354,185,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[237,1357,180,1820]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 77. Rhopalomyia rosette galls. Figs. 70 – 73. Rhopalomyia solidaginis; 70. Spring gall on Solidago altissima showing single central larval chamber. 71. Summer gall. 72. Two ramets of Solidago rugosa, the left carries a spring gall, the right ungalled, demonstrating the growth-stunting effect of the gall. 73. Summer gall on Solidago rugosa. Figs. 74 – 75. Rhopalomyia capitata. 74. Spring gall carried close to the ground on young sprout. 75. Summer gall. 76. Larval chamber in Rhopalomyia solidaginis gall on Solidago altissima. 77. Larval chambers in Rhopalomyia capitata gall on Solidago gigantea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188753/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs. 70, 72</figureCitation>
|
||
): are inconspicuous and difficult to locate due to the minor difference between galled and normal shoots, although the growth of galled ramets is sometimes stunted and they therefore appear shorter than ungalled ramets (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D02A5AFFD1E30CFDD1FED058CB3C3F" box="[583,671,306,332]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 77" captionStartId="26.[151,274,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[243,1354,185,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[237,1357,180,1820]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 77. Rhopalomyia rosette galls. Figs. 70 – 73. Rhopalomyia solidaginis; 70. Spring gall on Solidago altissima showing single central larval chamber. 71. Summer gall. 72. Two ramets of Solidago rugosa, the left carries a spring gall, the right ungalled, demonstrating the growth-stunting effect of the gall. 73. Summer gall on Solidago rugosa. Figs. 74 – 75. Rhopalomyia capitata. 74. Spring gall carried close to the ground on young sprout. 75. Summer gall. 76. Larval chamber in Rhopalomyia solidaginis gall on Solidago altissima. 77. Larval chambers in Rhopalomyia capitata gall on Solidago gigantea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188753/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
|
||
). The apical leaves of a galled ramet appear splayed, and the base of the gall from which they originate is slightly thickened. Each gall usually contains only one conical, white chamber in the middle of the apical meristem (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D02A5AFFD1E30CFD51FE9D59753CEA" box="[711,801,383,409]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 77" captionStartId="26.[151,274,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[243,1354,185,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[237,1357,180,1820]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 77. Rhopalomyia rosette galls. Figs. 70 – 73. Rhopalomyia solidaginis; 70. Spring gall on Solidago altissima showing single central larval chamber. 71. Summer gall. 72. Two ramets of Solidago rugosa, the left carries a spring gall, the right ungalled, demonstrating the growth-stunting effect of the gall. 73. Summer gall on Solidago rugosa. Figs. 74 – 75. Rhopalomyia capitata. 74. Spring gall carried close to the ground on young sprout. 75. Summer gall. 76. Larval chamber in Rhopalomyia solidaginis gall on Solidago altissima. 77. Larval chambers in Rhopalomyia capitata gall on Solidago gigantea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188753/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 76</figureCitation>
|
||
), ca.
|
||
<quantity id="48139B3AFFD1E30CFCF7FE9D59F23CEA" box="[865,934,383,409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, and containing a single larva that is usually found deep at the bottom of the chamber with its head facing downwards. Occasionally 2–3 chambers are found in the same gall and may be attached to each other longitudinally. The chamber is surrounded by approximately 10 leaves that are much shorter and thinner than normal leaves (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D02A5AFFD1E30CFBA5FE115EDF3F7E" box="[1075,1163,499,525]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 77" captionStartId="26.[151,274,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[243,1354,185,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[237,1357,180,1820]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 77. Rhopalomyia rosette galls. Figs. 70 – 73. Rhopalomyia solidaginis; 70. Spring gall on Solidago altissima showing single central larval chamber. 71. Summer gall. 72. Two ramets of Solidago rugosa, the left carries a spring gall, the right ungalled, demonstrating the growth-stunting effect of the gall. 73. Summer gall on Solidago rugosa. Figs. 74 – 75. Rhopalomyia capitata. 74. Spring gall carried close to the ground on young sprout. 75. Summer gall. 76. Larval chamber in Rhopalomyia solidaginis gall on Solidago altissima. 77. Larval chambers in Rhopalomyia capitata gall on Solidago gigantea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188753/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 70</figureCitation>
|
||
). On
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFB5CFE115F053F7F" box="[1226,1361,499,524]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFB5CFE115F053F7F" box="[1226,1361,499,524]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. altissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, these modified leaves are lighter in color, especially along their mid vein. These are surrounded in turn by a whorl of leaves of normal shape and size. Galls contained pupae already in early May, suggesting rapid development of the spring generation soon after the plants sprout. Circumstantial evidence showed that larvae that induce the spring galls hatch from eggs in the fall of the previous year and overwinter inside the rhizomes. Rhizomes that were collected in the field, cut, and planted in our research greenhouse, yielded sprouts that developed galls without being exposed to adults (M. Wise, pers. com.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD1E30CFF50FCE35EF83905" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Summer generation galls (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D02A5AFFD1E30CFD94FCE358C03E68" box="[514,660,769,795]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 77" captionStartId="26.[151,274,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[243,1354,185,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[237,1357,180,1820]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 77. Rhopalomyia rosette galls. Figs. 70 – 73. Rhopalomyia solidaginis; 70. Spring gall on Solidago altissima showing single central larval chamber. 71. Summer gall. 72. Two ramets of Solidago rugosa, the left carries a spring gall, the right ungalled, demonstrating the growth-stunting effect of the gall. 73. Summer gall on Solidago rugosa. Figs. 74 – 75. Rhopalomyia capitata. 74. Spring gall carried close to the ground on young sprout. 75. Summer gall. 76. Larval chamber in Rhopalomyia solidaginis gall on Solidago altissima. 77. Larval chambers in Rhopalomyia capitata gall on Solidago gigantea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188753/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs. 71, 73</figureCitation>
|
||
) become apparent around mid June and reach their final size by July, while the larvae inside them are still tiny first instars at the base of the rosette leaves. White chambers that are similar to those in the spring galls appear in the gall around mid July, when the larvae molt into third instars, and each chamber contains a single larva that is found deep in the chamber, facing downwards. Each chamber is surrounded by a group of very short and narrow leaves, which in turn are surrounded by longer and wider leaves to form a distinct subunit within the gall. Usually at least 2–5 subunits are clumped together at the shoot apex to form a conspicuous rosette that is
|
||
<quantity id="48139B3AFFD1E30CFD6BFC0B59013970" box="[765,853,1001,1027]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="cm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7A4B2EFFD1E30CFC64FC0B5F1C3970" author="Raman" box="[1010,1352,1001,1027]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" refString="Raman, A. & Abrahamson, W. G. (1995) Morphometric relationships and energy allocation in the apical rosette galls of Solidago altissima (Asteraceae) induced by Rhopalomyia solidaginis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Environmental Entomology, 24, 635 - 639." type="journal article" year="1995">Raman & Abrahamson 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D02A5AFFD1E30CFAF7FC0B5AB1395A" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 77" captionStartId="26.[151,274,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[243,1354,185,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[237,1357,180,1820]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 77. Rhopalomyia rosette galls. Figs. 70 – 73. Rhopalomyia solidaginis; 70. Spring gall on Solidago altissima showing single central larval chamber. 71. Summer gall. 72. Two ramets of Solidago rugosa, the left carries a spring gall, the right ungalled, demonstrating the growth-stunting effect of the gall. 73. Summer gall on Solidago rugosa. Figs. 74 – 75. Rhopalomyia capitata. 74. Spring gall carried close to the ground on young sprout. 75. Summer gall. 76. Larval chamber in Rhopalomyia solidaginis gall on Solidago altissima. 77. Larval chambers in Rhopalomyia capitata gall on Solidago gigantea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188753/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs. 71, 73</figureCitation>
|
||
). The rosette gall of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFE4DFBF25808395A" box="[475,604,1040,1065]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFE4DFBF25808395A" box="[475,604,1040,1065]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. capitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="17D02A5AFFD1E30CFDFBFBED5890395A" box="[621,708,1039,1065]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 77" captionStartId="26.[151,274,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[243,1354,185,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[237,1357,180,1820]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 77. Rhopalomyia rosette galls. Figs. 70 – 73. Rhopalomyia solidaginis; 70. Spring gall on Solidago altissima showing single central larval chamber. 71. Summer gall. 72. Two ramets of Solidago rugosa, the left carries a spring gall, the right ungalled, demonstrating the growth-stunting effect of the gall. 73. Summer gall on Solidago rugosa. Figs. 74 – 75. Rhopalomyia capitata. 74. Spring gall carried close to the ground on young sprout. 75. Summer gall. 76. Larval chamber in Rhopalomyia solidaginis gall on Solidago altissima. 77. Larval chambers in Rhopalomyia capitata gall on Solidago gigantea." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188753/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
|
||
) is superficially similar but does not contain distinct subunits and appears flatter than galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFD87FBD458E7393C" box="[529,691,1078,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFD87FBD458E7393C" box="[529,691,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Pupation takes place in early September, and adults emerge in September and early October. Larvae are heavily attacked by gregarious endoparasitoids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C7F16554FFD1E30CFF50FB60587E3B38" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD1E30CFF50FB6059E13849" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFF50FB605B1639EF" bold="true" box="[198,322,1154,1180]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
This is the second largest species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFD6EFB6159C039EF" box="[760,916,1155,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFD6EFB6159C039EF" box="[760,916,1155,1180]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Rhopalomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on goldenrods. Males can be recognized by their very typical large and robust gonopods, and females have the shortest ovipositors of all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFB6BFB485FC839B0" box="[1277,1436,1194,1219]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFB6BFB485FC839B0" box="[1277,1436,1194,1219]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Rhopalomyia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from goldenrods (relative to the size of the 7th abdominal tergite). Adults of the spring generation are somewhat smaller and have fewer antennal flagellomeres than adults of the summer generation, but adults and pupae of the two generations are otherwise similar morphologically.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD1E30CFF50FAA5587E3B38" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2036]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Despite the superficial similarity between the galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFC02FAA55E143813" box="[916,1088,1351,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFC02FAA55E143813" box="[916,1088,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFB1BFAA55F4C3813" box="[1165,1304,1351,1376]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFB1BFAA55F4C3813" box="[1165,1304,1351,1376]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. capitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and their phylogenetic relatedness (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7A4B2EFFD1E30CFE5FFA8F58EA38F4" author="Stireman" box="[457,702,1389,1415]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" refString="Stireman, J. O. III, Nason, J. D. & Heard, S. B. (2005) Host-associated genetic differentiation in phytophagous insects: general phenomenon or isolated exceptions? Evidence from a goldenrod-insect community. Evolution, 59, 2573 - 2587." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Stireman
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFDAAFA8C582C38F4" box="[572,632,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Dorchin
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFCA5FA8C593A38F4" box="[819,878,1390,1415]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, in prep.), they can be distinguished from each other by the male genitalia, which are larger and more robust in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFC10FA765E7338DE" box="[902,1063,1428,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFC10FA765E7338DE" box="[902,1063,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and by the typical shape of the Y-shaped 8th tergite of the female abdomen, the arms of which are narrow posteriorly and widen anteriorly in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFF01FA065B6C388E" box="[151,312,1508,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFF01FA065B6C388E" box="[151,312,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 38) but are of the same width throughout their length in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFB9FFA065EDD388E" box="[1033,1161,1508,1533]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFB9FFA065EDD388E" box="[1033,1161,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. capitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 29). The antennal bases of pupae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFEF8F9E958453B57" box="[366,529,1547,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFEF8F9E958453B57" box="[366,529,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form somewhat larger horns than those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFB85F9E95EC23B57" box="[1043,1174,1547,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capitata">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFB85F9E95EC23B57" box="[1043,1174,1547,1572]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. capitata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but pupae of the two species are otherwise very similar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C7F16554FFD1E30DFF50F9BA5EC63DAB" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8F5436DFFFD1E30DFF50F9BA5EC63DAB" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,2036]" lastBlockId="31.[151,1438,152,216]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFF50F9BA5BB03B02" ID-CoL="8DN5P" box="[198,484,1624,1649]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFF50F9BA5BB03B02" box="[198,484,1624,1649]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Rhopalomyia albipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFD8AF9BA58CB3B02" ID-CoL="8DN6B" box="[540,671,1624,1649]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFD8AF9BA58CB3B02" box="[540,671,1624,1649]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. carolina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7A4B2EFFD1E30CFC14F9BA5E513B01" author="Felt" box="[898,1029,1624,1650]" pageId="30" pageNumber="34" refString="Felt, E. P. (1908) Appendix D. pp. 286 - 422, 489 - 510. In: 23 rd report of the state entomologist on injurious and other insects of the state of New York, 1907. New York State Museum Bulletin, 124, 5 - 541." type="journal article" year="1908">Felt (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from galls that are similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFF21F99D5B0E3BEB" ID-CoL="87V9F" box="[183,346,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFF21F99D5B0E3BEB" box="[183,346,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and from the same host plant (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFD5BF99D59013BEB" ID-CoL="4Y752" box="[717,853,1663,1688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFD5BF99D59013BEB" box="[717,853,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. altissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, referred to by Felt as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFBF3F99D5F533BEB" ID-CoL="4Y76S" box="[1125,1287,1663,1688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Solidago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="canadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFBF3F99D5F533BEB" box="[1125,1287,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">S. canadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The single female representing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFE10F947585D3BCD" ID-CoL="8DN6B" box="[390,521,1701,1726]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFE10F947585D3BCD" box="[390,521,1701,1726]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. carolina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has 22–23 antennal flagellomeres but is otherwise similar morphologically to females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFEB2F92E5B863B96" ID-CoL="87V9F" box="[292,466,1740,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFEB2F92E5B863B96" box="[292,466,1740,1765]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Similarly, the adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFC99F92E59E23B96" ID-CoL="8DN5P" box="[783,950,1740,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFC99F92E59E23B96" box="[783,950,1740,1765]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. albipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are indistinguishable from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFA14F92E5B4F3A78" ID-CoL="87V9F" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFA14F92E5B4F3A78" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7A4B2EFFD1E30CFE0BF91058713A7F" author="Felt" box="[413,549,1778,1804]" pageId="30" pageNumber="34" refString="Felt, E. P. (1908) Appendix D. pp. 286 - 422, 489 - 510. In: 23 rd report of the state entomologist on injurious and other insects of the state of New York, 1907. New York State Museum Bulletin, 124, 5 - 541." type="journal article" year="1908">Felt (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that the male wings are whitish in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFBB7F9105E953A78" ID-CoL="8DN5P" box="[1057,1217,1778,1803]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFBB7F9105E953A78" box="[1057,1217,1778,1803]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. albipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as opposed to the brownish wings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFEEDF8FB584A3A41" ID-CoL="87V9F" box="[379,542,1817,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFEEDF8FB584A3A41" box="[379,542,1817,1842]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Examination of a slide-mounted male from Felt’s
|
||
<typeStatus id="5050887DFFD1E30CFBE8F8FB5EE53A40" box="[1150,1201,1817,1843]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series revealed that the wing is covered by fungal mycelia which give it a very white appearance. In two other (pinned) males from that series, we found that the wings are somewhat whitish and not covered by brown microtrichia, but we consider this an accidental example which is not representative of the species. This is because the wings of all slide-mounted and pinned females in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5050887DFFD1E30CFD24F85158B23ABE" box="[690,742,1971,1997]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFCCAF85159A83ABF" ID-CoL="8DN5P" box="[860,1020,1971,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFCCAF85159A83ABF" box="[860,1020,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. albipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, collected at similar localities and dates, are covered by dark brown microtrichia, as are those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD1E30CFC17F8385E713A80" ID-CoL="87V9F" box="[897,1061,2010,2035]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD1E30CFC17F8385E713A80" box="[897,1061,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Indeed, in his later revision of North American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD0E30DFEE3FF7A589D3DC1" ID-CoL="79D8" authority="Felt (1915)" authorityName="Felt" authorityYear="1915" box="[373,713,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD0E30DFEE3FF7A58763DC2" box="[373,546,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Rhopalomyia</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EB7A4B2EFFD0E30DFDA3FF7A589D3DC1" author="Felt" box="[565,713,152,178]" pageId="31" pageNumber="34" refString="Felt, E. P. (1915) Appendix: A study of gall midges III. Pp. 127 - 288, 295 - 326 In: 30 th report of the State Entomologist on injurious and other insects of the state of New York 1914. New York State Museum Bulletin, 180: 7 - 336." type="journal article" year="1915">Felt (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
noted that the male wings are hyaline. Based on these observations,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD0E30DFEACFF5D5B803DAB" ID-CoL="8DN5P" box="[314,468,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD0E30DFEACFF5D5B803DAB" box="[314,468,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">R. albipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD0E30DFD9BFF5D58C43DAB" ID-CoL="8DN6B" box="[525,656,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Rhopalomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolina">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD0E30DFD9BFF5D58C43DAB" box="[525,656,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">R. carolina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are synonymized here under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48EB4D5CFFD0E30DFC7CFF5D5EDF3DAB" ID-CoL="87V9F" box="[1002,1163,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Cecidomyiidae" genus="Cecidomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidaginis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD9FEACDFFD0E30DFC7CFF5D5EDF3DAB" box="[1002,1163,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">R. solidaginis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |