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<document id="F4720413AFF361FCBF787B69377DD37C" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.199882" ID-GBIF-Dataset="efb4281f-a3cb-44f7-857e-75432dce8562" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="199882" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460347854172" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Constantino, Luis Miguel &amp; Salazar, Julian A." docDate="2010" docId="03CF8A540059FFC890FEF9ABFD7E100F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02720p027.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2720" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Philaethria romeroi Constantino &amp; Salazar, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FFF6F22C004FFFDF9069FF93FFC61337" masterDocTitle="A review of the Philaethria dido species complex (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) and description of three new sibling species from Colombia and Venezuela" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698265939421" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="D66ED394432D9AD2B8459F217A806514">A review of the Philaethria dido species complex (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae) and description of three new sibling species from Colombia and Venezuela</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="305D6604C4380AD19E69B5EDD34909DD" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="94A525CC6A7C080FD5DC41F7A36C3F9E">Constantino, Luis Miguel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BD0BF30745848F3EB5A21AAE7353041B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A0429CCF411151900C4A997DBEAD07A0">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CD2EA8A8E5CD1FAE9971E5854605FEA6">Salazar, Julian A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="2F07FBB909DB4C7CF130162AD0CAECE6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="11773FC2114FA6AB098273FFDF8C63CA">2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="BBDA4028D8FCEBAFFB0BB8601C66911D" type="volume">
<mods:number id="BCB467C71553ECF7CA76C9BFCABDCF48">2720</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="63D6C75D63016B31490DFF47BE2D58E8">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BF81C2F4D4DE18D2C3CF04DC3ACC37A7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.199882</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="754BAB7D29C0F1DBFB86850035F251C7" type="GBIF-Dataset">efb4281f-a3cb-44f7-857e-75432dce8562</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0981266E375B7A93B39E91405FE581F6" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="69C62060F8FAEDB423621FA25080C819" type="Zenodo-Dep">199882</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03CF8A540059FFC890FEF9ABFD7E100F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6211207" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119407538" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6211207" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF8A540059FFC890FEF9ABFD7E100F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CF8A540059FFC890FEF9ABFD7E100F" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="C37C68C90059FFC990FEF9ABFEDA1544" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD93B420059FFC990FEF9ABFD3C1565" blockId="22.[151,762,1592,1651]" box="[151,762,1592,1618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0918C2E0059FFC990FEF9ABFD3C1565" bold="true" box="[151,762,1592,1618]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B912E7500059FFC990FEF9ABFD3C1565" bold="true" box="[151,762,1592,1618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10059FFC990FEF9ABFD6D1565" authority="Constantino &amp; Salazar" authorityName="Constantino &amp; Salazar" box="[151,683,1592,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="romeroi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B912E7500059FFC990FEF9ABFE411565" bold="true" box="[151,391,1592,1618]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Philaethria romeroi</emphasis>
Constantino &amp; Salazar
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2215A2B0059FFC992D1F9ABFD3C1565" box="[696,762,1592,1618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD93B420059FFC990FEF9C8FEDA1544" blockId="22.[151,762,1592,1651]" box="[151,284,1627,1651]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">(Fig. 28,29)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C68C90059FFC990FEF931FE9A1467" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD93B420059FFC990FEF931FE9A1467" blockId="22.[151,1436,1698,2020]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B912E7500059FFC990FEF931FED7158C" bold="true" box="[151,273,1698,1723]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B912E7500059FFC99173F937FE4D158C" box="[282,395,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. ro m e ro i</emphasis>
is recognized by the shape of the FW and HW which are wider than the other
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10059FFC99575F930FA5D158C" box="[1308,1435,1699,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B912E7500059FFC99575F930FA5D158C" box="[1308,1435,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Philaethria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, FW postmedial green area large, FW medial green band extended, FW tornus between veins 1A- Cu2 with three spots, HW with very large postcellular spots, and with unike row of 8 small marginal dots on the dorsal side of the hind wing not seen in any other
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10059FFC9925CF886FD72141A" box="[565,692,1813,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B912E7500059FFC9925CF886FD72141A" box="[565,692,1813,1837]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Philaethria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, medial postdiscal band bone white with inner postdiscal band dark brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C68C90059FFC890ACF8CFFF2912F8" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD93B420059FFC890ACF8CFFAAF13C0" blockId="22.[151,1436,1698,2020]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1436,151,824]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B912E7500059FFC990ACF8CFFE901442" bold="true" box="[197,342,1884,1909]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Description.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity id="4C9E96A70059FFC99249F8CFFD5B1443" box="[544,669,1884,1908]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="51.0" valueMax="52.0" valueMin="50.0">50–52 mm</quantity>
. Dorsal side of thorax and abdomen black, ventral side of abdomen and thorax white. Dorsal forewing ground color black with green-lemon bands like in
<emphasis id="B912E7500059FFC9941EF812FB0814AF" box="[1143,1230,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10059FFC9941EF812FB0C14AF" box="[1143,1226,1920,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dido">P. dido</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Dorsal surface of hindwings with four pairs of small marginal green dots between veins M2-M3, M3-Cu1, Cu1-Cu2, Cu2 -1A (
<emphasis id="B912E7500059FFC995EEF835FE7814D4" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10059FFC995EEF835FF2E14D4" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">P. browni</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10059FFC9909AF85FFE8914D4" box="[243,335,1995,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neildi">P. neildi</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10059FFC99132F85FFE7814D4" box="[347,446,1996,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ostara">P. ostara</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10059FFC9919AF85FFDF914D4" box="[499,575,1995,2019]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dido">
<emphasis id="B912E7500059FFC9919AF85FFDF914D4" box="[499,575,1995,2019]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">P. dido</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without marginal green dots), ventral surface of hindwings with submarginal band light brown, HW inner postdiscal band dark brown, VHW medial postdiscal band beige with scattered white scales, VHW postcellular spots large, VFW medial cell bar black, VHW marginal cellular spots brown (black in
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10058FFC895EEFF2EFF0F13CF" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dido">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC895EEFF2EFF0F13CF" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. dido</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC89096FF72FE9113CF" box="[255,343,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. n e i l d i</emphasis>
), DFW tornus with three small green dots on dorsum (two in
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10058FFC89466FF72FBBF13CF" box="[1039,1145,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="browni">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC89466FF72FBBF13CF" box="[1039,1145,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. browni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and two in
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10058FFC89494FF72FA9F13CF" box="[1277,1369,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neildi">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC89494FF72FA9F13CF" box="[1277,1369,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. neildi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD93B420058FFC890ACFE90FB4C1208" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC890ACFE90FDFC122B" bold="true" box="[197,570,259,284]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Haploid chromosome number:</emphasis>
n= 21 (voucher specimen fig.28) from
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20058FFC89460FE97FBBA122B" box="[1033,1148,260,284]" name="Venezuela" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(Aragua) Although this species has 21 chromosomes, the pattern and shape of the wing is different from
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC89449FEBAFBB91277" box="[1056,1151,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. o s t a r a</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD93B420058FFC890ACFEDFFF2912F8" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC890ACFEDFFE2D1253" bold="true" box="[197,491,331,356]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="135D27C70058FFC891EDFED8FE1B1253" box="[388,477,331,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 41" captionStartId="20.[151,269,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[283,1299,213,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[274,1316,194,1910]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 41. Male genitalia, with aedeagus removed in lateral view. 32. P. diatonica. 33. P. dido 34. P. constantinoi. 35. P. wernickei. 36. P. pygmalion. 37. P. neildi. 38. P. andrei. 39. P. o s t a r a. 40. P. browni. 41. P. romeroi. Scale line 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199889/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
As illustrated. Saccus long, straight and thin, vinculum stout, slightly curved and swollen, tegumen rounded distally with seta at the base of the uncus; uncus short and slighlty curved; gnathos long and curved distally; valvae with basal hook, reaching the tip of the uncus; aedeagus long and straight, pointing distally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C68C90058FFC890ACFE4FFCBC110B" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD93B420058FFC890ACFE4FFCBC110B" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC890ACFE4FFEBE12C3" bold="true" box="[197,376,475,500]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<typeStatus id="54DD85E00058FFC890ACFE4FFEC612C3" box="[197,256,476,500]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54DD85E00058FFC891EDFE4FFE2A12C3" box="[388,492,476,500]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male:
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20058FFC89228FE4FFD2A12C3" box="[577,748,476,500]" name="Venezuela" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
: Aragua, Rancho Grande, Cordillera de La Costa,
<quantity id="4C9E96A70058FFC89521FE4FFA5112C3" box="[1352,1431,476,500]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD81D820058FFC890FEFD93FEEB1120" box="[151,301,511,536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1970-08">August 1970</date>
, F. Romero
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC891D6FD93FE2E112F" box="[447,488,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">leg.</emphasis>
Deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED77A3870058FFC892E7FD93FD1F112F" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33834" box="[654,729,512,536]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33834" name="Museo del Instituto de Zoologia Agricola Francisco Fernandez Yepez" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MIZA</collectionCode>
.
<typeStatus id="54DD85E00058FFC8928EFD93FC9E112F" box="[743,856,512,536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D60F0CB0058FFC8930FFE6CFC711120" box="[870,951,511,535]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20058FFC893AFFD93FBB7112F" box="[966,1137,512,536]" name="Venezuela" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
: Aragua, Rancho Grande, Cordillera de La Costa,
<quantity id="4C9E96A70058FFC891CAFDB7FE3F110B" box="[419,505,548,572]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD81D820058FFC8926CFDB6FDBC110B" box="[517,634,548,572]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="1975-06">June 1975</date>
, F. Romero
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC8936BFDB7FCED110B" box="[770,811,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">leg.</emphasis>
(CFR)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C68C90058FFC890ACFDDBFED41190" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD93B420058FFC890ACFDDBFED41190" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC890ACFDDBFE8D1157" bold="true" box="[197,331,584,608]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is named for Francisco Romero (Maracay,
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20058FFC893B7FDD4FB951168" box="[990,1107,583,607]" name="Venezuela" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
) who collected the
<typeStatus id="54DD85E00058FFC89553FDD4FA5A1168" box="[1338,1436,583,607]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen and whose collection supplied important information on the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10058FFC89416FDFFFB3811B3" box="[1151,1278,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC89416FDFFFB3811B3" box="[1151,1278,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Philaethria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species from
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20058FFC890FEFD1CFEC81190" box="[151,270,655,679]" name="Venezuela" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37C68C90058FFC890ACFD20FD7E100F" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD93B420058FFC890ACFD20FBEF1023" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC890ACFD20FE3C11FB" bold="true" box="[197,506,691,716]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10058FFC8926EFD26FDB911FB" box="[519,639,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="romeroi">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC8926EFD26FDB911FB" box="[519,639,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. romeroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from Rancho Grande in the state of Aragua in N.
<collectingCountry id="F3717BD20058FFC890FEFD44FECC11D8" box="[151,266,727,751]" name="Venezuela" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
at
<quantity id="4C9E96A70058FFC89144FD44FE4711D8" box="[301,385,727,751]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
above sea level in montane forest habitats. It is probable that
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10058FFC89452FD4AFB6811C7" box="[1083,1198,729,752]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="romeroi">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC89452FD4AFB6811C7" box="[1083,1198,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. romeroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may occur along the Cordillera de La Costa.
<taxonomicName id="4C6640C10058FFC891CAFD6EFDD31023" box="[419,533,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Philaethria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="romeroi">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC891CAFD6EFDD31023" box="[419,533,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. romeroi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
flies sympatrically with
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC89344FD6EFC4A1023" box="[813,908,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. o s t a r a</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC893AFFD6EFBD81023" box="[966,1054,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">P. n e il di</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD93B420058FFC890ACFCB3FD7E100F" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,824]" box="[197,696,799,824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B912E7500058FFC890ACFCB3FD87100F" bold="true" box="[197,577,799,824]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Hostplant and immature stages.</emphasis>
unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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