192 lines
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192 lines
21 KiB
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<mods:title id="25B02CE922FB23D59FD15B7E543BB285">Middle Eocene vertebrate fauna from the Aridal Formation, Sabkha of Gueran, southwestern Morocco</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B7E1466D81C7E9F6E1932EA83201809F">Zouhri, Samir</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EA2FE39DA6849836FAAD95ECB18A5D27">Gingerich, Philip D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E5AADA6D7E258DD8B64C27084B3C5EC0">Khalloufi, Bouziane</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4AFA150591B3E582417182A4765DD050">Bourdon, Estelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FEF0A47E4EE8BAC7F61F913AA155FDB0">Adnet, Sylvain</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="04095CA8A5C9A0C00381D8F1CEDE4164">Jouve, Stéphane</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E0FC78CB7B3CC99673186C835848D344">Elboudali, Najia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1443C96870A95F1E0AE4F32054ACD835">Amane, Ayoub</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="14A5EAFE808D8C608C89494B252832DA">Rage, Jean-Claude</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5EBF05C7F018B832D1833AC1A61A9543">Tabuce, Rodolphe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0F90968015C670C74446D558855A53A2">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0F3A52FD86C6549D41EC80EA69956DDE">
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<mods:date id="430EEAACE1297F432F58B9B1BFD2B824">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8C02C02674FB883D366DD4E53D7277F9">2021-03-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5D040FCD334476F0ED5AB80C49F0AE4D">43</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B573A6B9AE98E23793E4A81835DB96D2">5</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4D6CA55A2D353EE20D4F37651523A34D" type="DOI">10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03923C45FF85FF8E337DF9ADFE8F17DF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4606604" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180569455" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4606604" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03923C45FF85FF8E337DF9ADFE8F17DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03923C45FF85FF8E337DF9ADFE8F17DF" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="125" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
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<subSubSection id="C321DED8FF85FF8C337DF9ADFAE210E2" box="[869,1399,1650,1677]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B848D53FF85FF8C337DF9ADFAE210E2" blockId="4.[869,1399,1650,1677]" box="[869,1399,1650,1677]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
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Subclass
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BF6D0FF85FF8C33DDF9ADFAE210E2" ID-CoL="LB" authority="Bonaparte, 1838" authorityName="Bonaparte" authorityYear="1838" box="[965,1399,1650,1677]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">ELASMOBRANCHII Bonaparte, 1838</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C321DED8FF85FF8E3335F96CFE8F17DF" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="125" pageId="4" pageNumber="123" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B848D53FF85FF8C3335F96CFC0410A5" blockId="4.[810,1456,1715,2028]" box="[813,913,1715,1741]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">REMARKS</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B848D53FF85FF8C3335F90DFAB01182" blockId="4.[810,1456,1715,2028]" pageId="4" pageNumber="123">
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Fossils were only collected by surface picking around the archaeocete whale carcasses (protocetids and basilosaurids, see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF85FF8C3532F92DFC271142" author="GINGERICH P. D. & ZOUHRI S." pageId="4" pageNumber="123" pagination="273 - 286" refId="ref21251" refString="GINGERICH P. D. & ZOUHRI S. 2015. - New fauna of archaeocete whales (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Bartonian middle Eocene of southern Morocco. Journal of African Earth Sciences 111: 273 - 286. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jafrearsci. 2015.08.006" type="journal article" year="2015">Gingerich & Zouhri 2015</bibRefCitation>
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), and thus the majority of small to medium-sized sharks and rays remain currently unknown.Thousands of specimens were collected from several localities around Gueran Depression (Locality I, Garouaz, Iddir and Laazri, see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF85FF8C34C2F8AEFCF411C2" author="GINGERICH P. D. & ZOUHRI S." pageId="4" pageNumber="123" pagination="273 - 286" refId="ref21251" refString="GINGERICH P. D. & ZOUHRI S. 2015. - New fauna of archaeocete whales (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Bartonian middle Eocene of southern Morocco. Journal of African Earth Sciences 111: 273 - 286. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jafrearsci. 2015.08.006" type="journal article" year="2015">Gingerich & Zouhri 2015</bibRefCitation>
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: fig.2).The majority of the fossil material consists of isolated teeth, rare barbs of myliobatid rays, and indeterminate vertebrae representing at least 12 species of sharks and rays.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF44DDDBFF84FF8D309CF8E6FD6D1187" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4605965" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4605965" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4605965/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" startId="5.[132,143,1849,1866]" targetBox="[174,1413,213,1826]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="8B848D53FF84FF8D309CF8E6FD6D1187" blockId="5.[132,1457,1849,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">
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FIG. 1. — Geological map showing the desert in southwestern Morocco and the location of the Sabkha of Gueran relative to Boujdour city. Red symbols mark sites that yielded vertebrates remains described herein.Inset shows the geographical distribution of Eocene marine faunal localities on the African continent.The main African localities of interest are numbered from 1 to 8. Numbers:
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D32CAF8B9FD491119" bold="true" box="[722,732,1894,1911]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">1</emphasis>
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, Gueran locality in southwestern Morocco, Bartonian (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D34BCF8B9FAE51119" author="GINGERICH P. D. & ZOUHRI S." box="[1188,1392,1894,1911]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="273 - 286" refId="ref21251" refString="GINGERICH P. D. & ZOUHRI S. 2015. - New fauna of archaeocete whales (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Bartonian middle Eocene of southern Morocco. Journal of African Earth Sciences 111: 273 - 286. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jafrearsci. 2015.08.006" type="journal article" year="2015">Gingerich & Zouhri 2015</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D3562F8B9FF4911E0" author="ZOUHRI S. & GINGERICH P. D. & ADNET S. & BOURDON B. & JOUVE S. & KHALLOUFI B. & AMANE A. & ELBOUDALI N. S. & RAGE J. - C. & PARENT DE BROIN F. DE & KAOUKAYA A. & SEBTI S." pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="310 - 318" refId="ref26520" refString="ZOUHRI S., GINGERICH P. D., ADNET S., BOURDON B., JOUVE S., KHALLOUFI B., AMANE A., ELBOUDALI N. S., RAGE J. - C., LAP- PARENT DE BROIN F. DE, KAOUKAYA A. & SEBTI S. 2018. - Middle Eocene vertebrates from the sabkha of Gueran, Atlantic coastal basin, Saharan Morocco, and their peri-African correlations, Comptes Rendus Geosciences 350: 310 - 318. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crte. 2018.06.006" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Zouhri
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D309CF8A2FF3B11E0" box="[132,174,1917,1934]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">et al.</emphasis>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D30FEF8A2FF6511E0" bold="true" box="[230,240,1917,1934]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">2</emphasis>
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, Garitas and nearby sites south of Ad-Dakhla in southwestern Morocco Bartonian-Priabonian (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D3411F8A2FB0911E0" author="ZOUHRI S. & GINGERICH P. D. & ELBOUDALI N. & SEBTI S. & NOUBHANI A. & RAHALI M. & MESLOUH S." box="[1033,1180,1917,1934]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="599 - 610" refId="ref26358" refString="ZOUHRI S., GINGERICH P. D., ELBOUDALI N., SEBTI S., NOUBHANI A., RAHALI M. & MESLOUH S. 2014. - New marine mammal faunas (Cetacea and Sirenia) and sea level change in the Samlat Formation, upper Eocene, near Ad-Dakhla in southwestern Morocco. Comptes Rendus Palevol 13: 599 - 610. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2014.04.002" type="journal article" year="2014">
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Zouhri
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D345CF8A2FBFB11E0" box="[1092,1134,1917,1934]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">et al.</emphasis>
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2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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, 2018;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D34C2F8A2FA3311E0" author="GINGERICH P. D. & ZOUHRI S." box="[1242,1446,1917,1934]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" refId="ref21307" refString="GINGERICH P. D. & ZOUHRI S. 2017. - Biostratigraphy of marine mammals (Cetacea and Sirenia) from coastal sections of the Eocene Samlat Formation south of Ad-Dakhla, Moroccan Sahara. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, Program and Abstracts: 119. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0016756810000348" type="book" year="2017">Gingerich & Zouhri 2017</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D309CF84BFF1B11CB" bold="true" box="[132,142,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">3</emphasis>
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, Ndomor Diop site near Taïba Ndiaye in Senegal, Lutetian (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D3267F84BFC8C11CB" author="HAUTIER L. & SARR R. & LIHOREAU F. & TABUCE R. & HAMEH P. M." box="[639,793,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref21685" refString="HAUTIER L., SARR R., LIHOREAU F., TABUCE R. & HAMEH P. M., 2014. - First record of the family Protocetidae in the Lutetian of Senegal (West Africa). Palaeovertebrata 38 (2): 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.18563 / pv. 38.2. e 2" type="journal article" year="2014">
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Hautier
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D32D9F84BFD7E11CB" box="[705,747,1940,1957]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">et al.</emphasis>
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2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D3330F84BFCA711CB" bold="true" box="[808,818,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">4</emphasis>
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, Tiavandou in Senegal, Priabonian (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D3447F84BFB5A11CB" author="ELOUARD P." box="[1119,1231,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="8 - 10" refId="ref20839" refString="ELOUARD P. 1981. - Decouverte d'un archeocete dans les environs de Kaolack. Notes Africaines 109: 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="1981">Elouard 1981</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D34C6F84BFB7D11CB" bold="true" box="[1246,1256,1940,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">5</emphasis>
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, Kpogame in Togo, Lutetian (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D30A5F875FE3511D5" author="GINGERICH P. D. & CAPPETTA H." box="[189,416,1962,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="129" refId="ref21197" refString="GINGERICH P. D. & CAPPETTA H. 2014. - A new archaeocete and other marine mammals (Cetacea and Sirenia) from lower middle Eocene phosphate deposits of Togo. Journal of Paleontology 88, 109 e 129. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 13 - 040" type="journal article" year="2014">Gingerich & Cappetta 2014</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D31B7F875FE2C11D5" bold="true" box="[431,441,1962,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">6</emphasis>
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, Ameke in southern Nigeria, Bartonian (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D331EF875FCEA11D5" author="ANDREWS C. W." box="[774,895,1962,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="309 - 319" refId="ref19134" refString="ANDREWS C. W. 1920. - A description of new species of zeuglodont and of leathery turtle from the Eocene of Southern Nigeria. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 89: 309 - 319. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1919. tb 02124" type="journal article" year="1920">Andrews 1920</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D3391F875FBF911D5" author="HALSTEAD L. B. & MIDDLETON J. A." box="[905,1132,1962,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="81 - 5" refId="ref21526" refString="HALSTEAD L. B. & MIDDLETON J. A. 1974. - New material of the archaeocete whale, Pappocetus lugardi Andrews, from the middle Eocene of Nigeria. Journal of Mining and Geology 8: 81 - 5." type="journal article" year="1974">Halstead & Middleton 1974</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D346EF875FB3511D5" author="HALSTEAD L. B. & MIDDLETON J. A." box="[1142,1184,1962,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="131 - 133" refId="ref21569" refString="HALSTEAD L. B. & MIDDLETON J. A. 1976. - Fossil vertebrates of Nigeria. Part II, 3.4, Archaeocete whale Pappocetus lugardi Andrews, 1920. Nigerian Field 41: 131 - 133." type="journal article" year="1976">1976</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D34B7F875FB2C11D5" bold="true" box="[1199,1209,1962,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">7</emphasis>
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, Fayum Depression in Egypt, which yielded a rich vertebrate faunas of Eocene-Oligocene age;
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D32B9F81EFD3E11BC" bold="true" box="[673,683,1985,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">8</emphasis>
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, Dur At-Talah in Sirt Basin in Libya, Eocene-Oligocene (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D3461F81EFABD11BC" author="ABOUESSA A. & PELLETIER J. & DURINGER P. & SCHUSTER M. & FER P. & METAIS E. & BENAMMI M. & SALEM M. & HLAL O. & NET M. & JAEGER J. J. & RUBINO J. L." box="[1145,1320,1985,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="72 - 90" refId="ref18746" refString="ABOUESSA A., PELLETIER J., DURINGER P., SCHUSTER M., SCHAEF- FER P., METAIS E., BENAMMI M., SALEM M., HLAL O., BRU- NET M., JAEGER J. J. & RUBINO J. L. 2012. - New insight into the sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Dur At Talah tidal-fluvial transition sequence (Eocene-Oligocene, Sirt Basin, Libya). Journal of African Earth Sciences 65: 72 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jafrearsci. 2012.02.004" type="journal article" year="2012">
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Abouessa
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D34C9F81EFB6E11BC" box="[1233,1275,1985,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">et al.</emphasis>
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2012
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</bibRefCitation>
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). The geology is from
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D30A8F807FEC41187" author="HOLLARD H. & CHOUBERT G. & BRONNER G. & MARCHAND J. & SOUGY J." box="[176,337,2008,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="1" refId="ref21751" refString="HOLLARD H., CHOUBERT G., BRONNER G., MARCHAND J. & SOUGY J., 1985. - Carte geologique du Maroc, echelle 1: 1 000 000. Service Carte geologique Maroc 260 (2 sheets). Editions of the Geological Survey of Morocco." type="journal article" year="1985">
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Hollard
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<emphasis id="B94F5141FF84FF8D30E9F807FE8F1187" box="[241,282,2008,2025]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="124">et al.</emphasis>
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(1985)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and map modified from
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAF0A2FF84FF8D3207F807FD671187" author="GINGERICH P. D. & ZOUHRI S." box="[543,754,2008,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="124" pagination="273 - 286" refId="ref21251" refString="GINGERICH P. D. & ZOUHRI S. 2015. - New fauna of archaeocete whales (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Bartonian middle Eocene of southern Morocco. Journal of African Earth Sciences 111: 273 - 286. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jafrearsci. 2015.08.006" type="journal article" year="2015">Gingerich & Zouhri (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B848D53FF87FF8E3083FF08FE8F17DF" blockId="6.[131,777,215,433]" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">
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The chondrichthyan fauna currently consists of 12 species of elasmobranchs belonging to orders:
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BF6D0FF87FF8E3274FF28FC97177F" authorityName="Berg" authorityYear="1937" box="[620,770,247,273]" class="Elasmobranchii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Lamniformes</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BF6D0FF87FF8E309EFEC8FEC0175F" authorityName="Compagno" authorityYear="1973" box="[134,341,279,305]" class="Elasmobranchii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Carcharhiniformes</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BF6D0FF87FF8E3193FEC8FDCD175F" authorityName="Naylor, Caira, Jensen, Rosana, Straube & Lakner" authorityYear="2012" box="[395,600,279,305]" class="Elasmobranchii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhinopristiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="125" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Rhinopristiformes</taxonomicName>
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. Most unnamed species are in course of study, awaiting careful comparisons with those from subcontemporaneous deposits (e.g. MI, GE) in Waddi el-Rayyan and Wadi al Hitan (Whale Valley) in
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<collectingCountry id="F32CCDC3FF87FF8E30CAFE48FE8217DF" box="[210,279,407,433]" name="Egypt" pageId="6" pageNumber="125">Egypt</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |