173 lines
16 KiB
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173 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5315548" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c4f7d09a-ce6a-4956-a0c7-1e83c5c1b038" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159611810" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5315548" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AD5A1C09-C805-47AD-ADBE-020722FEC0E6" checkinTime="1569938268192" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duran, Daniel P. & Gough, Harlan M." docDate="2019" docId="03F312219F4E61192489FE56FA6CFBEC" docLanguage="en" docName="insectaMundi.727.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2019 (727)" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Cylindera lemniscata Duran & Gough 2019, incertae sedis" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFCA6A599F48611F2449FFB9FFCCFFF1" masterDocTitle="Unifying systematics and taxonomy: Nomenclatural changes to Nearctic tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) based on phylogenetics, morphology and life history" masterLastPageNumber="12" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1643455919658" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Unifying systematics and taxonomy: Nomenclatural changes to Nearctic tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae) based on phylogenetics, morphology and life history</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Duran, Daniel P.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gough, Harlan M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2019-09-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>2019</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>727</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>12</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3467083</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">c4f7d09a-ce6a-4956-a0c7-1e83c5c1b038</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3467083</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AD5A1C09-C805-47AD-ADBE-020722FEC0E6</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5315548" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159611810" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5315548" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F312219F4E61192489FE56FA6CFBEC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F312219F4E61192489FE56FA6CFBEC" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection box="[192,908,495,519]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[192,908,495,519]" box="[192,908,495,519]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading bold="true" box="[192,908,495,519]" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="2">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,908,495,519]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName authority="LeConte, 1854" authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[192,707,495,519]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cylindera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lemniscata" status="incertae sedis">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[192,486,495,519]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cylindera lemniscata</emphasis>
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(LeConte, 1854)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[721,908,495,519]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[721,908,495,519]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">incertae sedis</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="6.[192,1441,544,1054]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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This taxon has been the most difficult to place in the Nearctic fauna. In
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<bibRefCitation author="Vogler, A. P. & A. Welsh" box="[1101,1403,544,568]" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="225 - 235" part="8" refId="ref5953" refString="Vogler, A. P., and A. Welsh. 1997. Phylogeny of North American Cicindela tiger beetles inferred from multiple mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 8: 225 - 235." title="Phylogeny of North American Cicindela tiger beetles inferred from multiple mitochondrial DNA sequences" type="journal article" year="1997">Vogler and Welsh (1997)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cylindera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lemniscata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. lemniscata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was the sister taxon to the only other sampled
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1831" box="[901,1022,576,600]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cylindera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[901,1022,576,600]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cylindera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in their study:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1848" box="[1211,1347,576,600]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parvindela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="celeripes">
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<emphasis box="[1211,1230,577,600]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1244,1347,576,600]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">celeripes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In two other studies (
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<bibRefCitation author="Barraclough, T. G. & A. P. Vogler" box="[366,727,609,633]" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1706 - 1716" part="19" refId="ref4800" refString="Barraclough, T. G., and A. P. Vogler. 2002. Recent diversification rates in North American tiger beetles estimated from a dated mtDNA phylogenetic tree. Molecular Biology and Evolution 19: 1706 - 1716." title="Recent diversification rates in North American tiger beetles estimated from a dated mtDNA phylogenetic tree" type="journal article" year="2002">Barraclough and Vogler 2002</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Vogler, A. P. & A. Cardoso & T. G. Barraclough" box="[738,954,609,633]" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="4 - 20" part="54" refId="ref5899" refString="Vogler, A. P., A. Cardoso, and T. G. Barraclough. 2005. Exploring rate variation among and within sites in a densely sampled tree: Species level phylogenetics of North American tiger beetles (genus Cicindela). Systematic Biology 54: 4 - 20." title="Exploring rate variation among and within sites in a densely sampled tree: Species level phylogenetics of North American tiger beetles (genus Cicindela)" type="journal article" year="2005">Vogler et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[973,1138,609,633]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cylindera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lemniscata">
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<emphasis box="[973,992,609,632]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1006,1138,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lemniscata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was recovered in a clade of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rivalier" authorityYear="1954" box="[221,368,641,665]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Microthylax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[221,368,641,665]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Microthylax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, a surprising result. Given the incongruency of these results, we extracted DNA from fresh specimens and sequenced three gene fragments (
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<emphasis box="[922,970,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">16S</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis box="[984,1057,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">COX3</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis box="[1118,1179,674,697]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">CytB</emphasis>
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), in addition to using the GenBank sequences. In our tree,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[645,810,706,730]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cylindera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lemniscata">
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<emphasis box="[645,664,706,729]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[678,810,706,730]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lemniscata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is contained within a large Nearctic endemic clade, positioned as sister to the
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<taxonomicName authority="Duran & Gough, 2019" authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" box="[512,647,738,762]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parvindela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="new genus">
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<emphasis box="[512,647,738,762]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Parvindela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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+ (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1845" box="[687,851,738,762]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dromochorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[687,851,738,762]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Dromochorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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+
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dokhtouroff" authorityYear="1883" box="[881,1030,738,762]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ellipsoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[881,1030,738,762]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ellipsoptera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) clade (
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<figureCitation box="[1125,1193,738,763]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[192,275,1790,1812]" captionTargetBox="[195,1449,881,1762]" captionTargetId="graphics@2.[195,1449,878,1764]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic hypothesis for North American lineages Ellipsoptera, Dromochorus, Brasiella, and Cylindera. Maximum-likelihood phylogeny inferred in IQ-TREE based on three mitochondrial fragments (16S, COX3 and CytB). Taxon naming follows previous naming conventions with different colors highlighting new generic groupings we propose. * denotes the C. lemniscata specimen from GenBank and † denotes the chimera specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3468261" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3468261/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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), a third result that is inconsistent with prior studies.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[192,1441,544,1054]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Morphologically,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[437,598,803,827]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cylindera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lemniscata">
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<emphasis box="[437,456,803,826]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[468,598,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lemniscata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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appears most similar to
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<taxonomicName authority="Duran & Gough, 2019" authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" box="[887,1020,803,827]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parvindela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="new genus">
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<emphasis box="[887,1020,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Parvindela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on its small size, shape of the thorax, and full-length marginal lines that do not meet the elytral edge. However, this species is atypical for that genus in other respects; it has a polished shining dorsal surface, whereas all
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<taxonomicName authority="Duran & Gough, 2019" authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" box="[1238,1373,868,892]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parvindela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="new genus">
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<emphasis box="[1238,1373,868,892]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Parvindela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have a dull texture; it lacks setae on the middle trochanters, a trait that it shares with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rivalier" authorityYear="1954" box="[1180,1291,900,924]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Brasiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1180,1291,900,924]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brasiella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, although it does not resemble that group in any other way. Behaviorally,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[939,1104,932,956]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cylindera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lemniscata">
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<emphasis box="[939,958,933,956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[972,1104,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lemniscata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shares an affinity for flying to lights at night with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dokhtouroff" authorityYear="1883" box="[468,617,965,989]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Ellipsoptera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[468,617,965,989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ellipsoptera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rivalier" authorityYear="1954" box="[678,789,965,989]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Brasiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[678,789,965,989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brasiella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. No
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<taxonomicName authority="Duran & Gough, 2019" authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" box="[846,981,965,989]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Parvindela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="new genus">
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<emphasis box="[846,981,965,989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Parvindela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species exhibit this behavioral trait.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="6.[192,1441,544,1054]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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It is possible that additional genes will further resolve the placement of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duran & Gough" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[1084,1246,997,1021]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cylindera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lemniscata">
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<emphasis box="[1084,1103,998,1021]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis box="[1115,1246,997,1021]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lemniscata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. If the results of our tree are upheld with larger datasets, a new genus would have to be erected to accommodate this taxon.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |