379 lines
42 KiB
XML
379 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document id="623EA58C92C3EB6230134FFFE57076D9" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5414895" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1718827980402" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Voss, Robert S., Fleck, David W. & Jansa, Sharon A." docDate="2019" docId="03957B0FFF95FFF5FF215E5BFB3FF91D" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2024.466.1-179.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2024 (466)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414895" docStyle="DocumentStyle:25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4.1:BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleId="25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Nectomys apicalis Peters 1861" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="FFAC0377FFA3FFCCFFF15872FF83FFD7" masterDocTitle="Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 5. Rodents" masterLastPageNumber="180" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1718828396869" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="37505C8BE1576B8FC56BB59F06C03982">Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 5. Rodents</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="733F465871C19EBAC03A7D5E6E7E741F">Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="281546803AC2C30B71025585028517A6">Fleck, David W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0C4B1B2F4AD08795F6EF27AAAEBFBC7E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="865FB260042042E4E524263121C82448">Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DFD42AF9AEC1F0405712BE71E321DE12">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="68AFAEAD06756E74189A71BF5DB6EAF8">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="5502DE41D1BDAA928B861EC158F093F0">
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<mods:date id="4CB4543E5157138E9B84BB2C86F23740">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B38F757AB96A99CB2301B178AA9BB32E">2024-04-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8CA98C39C2F019CC7FE6A3791FD5FB18">2024</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="96736943EB014FF855B34F3B6901C598">466</mods:number>
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<mods:location id="2DA774FC9FD01B20CAD5BC24C8155BDC">
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<mods:url id="41DFA6A05841496702AA3DC1ACEC1847">http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414895</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="F0C9731E12219B28C5659E4B063831CD">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AEBC879DC428728CF5148E8D548EC066" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5414895</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="054839123C476197E567243B0106F54C" type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03957B0FFF95FFF5FF215E5BFB3FF91D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03957B0FFF95FFF5FF215E5BFB3FF91D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03957B0FFF95FFF5FF215E5BFB3FF91D" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection id="C3269992FF95FFFAFF215E5BFD9BF996" box="[208,536,1577,1601]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF95FFFAFF215E5BFD9BF996" blockId="54.[208,536,1577,1601]" box="[208,536,1577,1601]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="D0CB7D75FF95FFFAFF215E5BFD9BF996" box="[208,536,1577,1601]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF95FFFAFF215E5BFD9BF996" ID-CoL="6RVHH" authority="Peters, 1861" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[208,536,1577,1601]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apicalis">
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<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFF215E5BFE0DF996" box="[208,398,1577,1601]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Nectomys apicalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFADB7E8FF95FFFAFE645E5BFD9BF996" author="Peters, W." box="[405,536,1577,1601]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="139 - 156" refId="ref90800" refString="Peters, W. 1861. Uber einige merkwurdige Nagethiere (Spalacomys indicus, Mus tomentosus und Mus squamipes) des Koniglichen Zoologischen Museums. Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1860: 139 - 156, 2 pls." type="journal article" year="1861">Peters, 1861</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3269992FF95FFFBFF315E2EFEE2F9F4" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF95FFFAFF315E2EFDABF9A3" blockId="54.[192,552,1628,1652]" box="[192,552,1628,1652]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="D0CB7D75FF95FFFAFF315E2EFDABF9A3" box="[192,552,1628,1652]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="2">
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<figureCitation id="1307D69CFF95FFFAFF315E2EFEF9F9A3" box="[192,378,1628,1652]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[108,150,1455,1476]" captionTargetBox="[108,1212,224,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-11@40.[108,1212,224,1429]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 18. Dorsal and ventral cranial views of Amphinectomys savamis (A, D; ROM 118905), Nectomys apicalis (B, E; AMNH 273135), and N. rattus (C, F; AMNH 231148). The skulls of A. savamis and N. rattus are not from the Yavarí-Ucayali interfluve. All views about ×1.5." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figures 18B, 18E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1307D69CFF95FFFAFE775E2EFE36F9A3" box="[390,437,1628,1652]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="55.[107,149,1215,1236]" captionTargetBox="[121,1187,224,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-177@55.[107,1211,224,1188]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIG. 22. Dorsal views of anterior orbital region of Nectomys apicalis (A, AMNH 71915) and N. rattus (B, AMNH 231154) illustrating species difference in lacrimal size. Abbreviations: fro, frontal; lac, lacrimal; max, maxillary; n, nasal; nlc, nasolacrimal capsule; pre, premaxillary; zn, zygomatic notch." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">22A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1307D69CFF95FFFAFE315E2EFE6CF9A3" box="[448,495,1628,1652]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="56.[108,150,746,767]" captionTargetBox="[112,1209,232,716]" captionTargetId="figure-364@56.[108,1212,224,720]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIG. 23. Dorsolateral braincase of Nectomys apicalis (A, AMNH 273135) and N. rattus (B, AMNH 231154) illustrating species difference in presence or absence of a low crista (cr) along the parietal-squamosal suture. Other abbreviations: exo, exoccipital; mas, mastoid exposure of petrosal; par, parietal; pgf, postglenoid foramen; srz, squamosal root of zygomatic arch; squ, squamosal." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">23A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1307D69CFF95FFFAFE0A5E2EFDABF9A3" box="[507,552,1628,1652]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="57.[107,149,1449,1470]" captionTargetBox="[118,619,239,1411]" captionTargetId="figure-351@57.[108,636,224,1419]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIG. 24. Incisive foramina of Nectomys apicalis (A, MUSM 11204) and N. rattus (B, AMNH 231160) illustrating species difference in foraminal shape (see text). Note the flattened (wider) region of the septum at the point of lateral constriction in N. rattus. Abbreviations: max, maxillary bone; pre, premaxillary." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">24A</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF95FFFAFF7D5EE2FDFFF97F" blockId="54.[108,636,1680,1737]" box="[140,636,1680,1704]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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VOUCHER MATERIAL (
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<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFE7A5EE3FE1DF97F" box="[395,414,1681,1704]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">N</emphasis>
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= 12): Nuevo
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<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFDA55EE2FDFFF97F" box="[596,636,1680,1704]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" name="San Juan/Laventille" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">San</collectingRegion>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF95FFFAFF9D5EC0FDF8F91E" blockId="54.[108,636,1680,1737]" box="[108,635,1713,1737]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Juan (AMNH 268255, 268256, 273135; MUSM</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF95FFFAFD5D5890FCF5FECC" blockId="54.[684,1212,226,1737]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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11203–11207, 15332),
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<collectingCountry id="F32B8A89FF95FFFAFC515890FB8DFF2D" box="[928,1038,226,250]" name="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">San Pedro</collectingCountry>
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(MUSM 22344, 22345; UF 30787).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF95FFFAFD3D5956FB00FEA9" blockId="54.[684,1212,226,1737]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">UNVOUCHERED OBSERVATIONS: Field identifications of this species cannot be accepted as valid without supporting voucher material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF95FFFAFD3D59F5FB3FF9B1" blockId="54.[684,1212,226,1737]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED
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||
<superScript id="7C496751FF95FFFAFBD559F6FBB6FE42" attach="left" box="[1060,1077,388,405]" fontSize="7" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">15</superScript>
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(
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<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFBBB59FAFBDEFE48" box="[1098,1117,392,415]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">N</emphasis>
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||
= 136):
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||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFD5D59DAFD77FE17" bold="true" box="[684,756,424,448]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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||
<collectingCountry id="F32B8A89FF95FFFAFD5D59DAFD77FE17" box="[684,756,424,448]" name="Brazil" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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||
—
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<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFCFE59DAFC06FE68" box="[783,901,424,447]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Amazonas</emphasis>
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||
, Barro Vermelho (MVZ 190374*), Jainu (MVZ 190373*).
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<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFBB159BBFB20FE36" bold="true" box="[1088,1187,457,481]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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||
<collectingCountry id="F32B8A89FF95FFFAFBB159BBFB20FE36" box="[1088,1187,457,481]" name="Ecuador" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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||
—
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<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFD5D5998FC89FDD5" box="[684,778,490,514]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFD5D5998FC89FDD5" box="[684,778,490,514]" country="Ecuador" name="Orellana" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Orellana</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<quantity id="4CC467FCFF95FFFAFCE85998FCDCFDD5" box="[793,863,490,514]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="km" value="42.0">42 km</quantity>
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S Pompeya Sur (ROM 104495, 106067, 106081);
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<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFC645A79FB8CFDF4" box="[917,1039,523,547]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFC645A79FB8CFDF4" box="[917,1039,523,547]" country="Ecuador" name="Sucumbios" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Sucumbios</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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, Limoncocha (USNM 513585*),
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<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFC515A5EFBF4FD93" box="[928,1143,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFC515A5EFBF4FD93" box="[928,1143,556,580]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Zamora-Chinchipe</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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, Los Encuentros (USNM 513584*).
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<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFBE45A3CFBCFFDB1" bold="true" box="[1045,1100,590,614]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<collectingCountry id="F32B8A89FF95FFFAFBE45A3CFBCFFDB1" box="[1045,1100,590,614]" name="Peru" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Peru</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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—
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<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFB945A3CFD52FD51" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Amazonas</emphasis>
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, Huampami (MVZ 153539*, 153568, 153569, 155018, 155019*–155022, 155024–155029), La Poza (MVZ 157813–157827), San Antonio (MVZ 153534*),
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<quantity id="4CC467FCFF95FFFAFC725AA0FC50FD3D" box="[899,979,722,746]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="km" value="46.0">46 km</quantity>
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SE Bagua Grande (LSUMZ 19296);
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<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFC855A81FC5FFCDC" box="[884,988,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFC855A81FC5FFCDC" box="[884,988,755,779]" country="Peru" name="Ayacucho" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ayacucho</collectingRegion>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
, Hacienda Luisiana (LSUMZ 16711*), San José (LSUMZ 16715*), Santa Rosa (LSUMZ 15694);
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||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFC0E5B47FBC3FC9B" box="[1023,1088,821,844]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFC0E5B47FBC3FC9B" box="[1023,1088,821,844]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Cusco</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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, Hacienda Cadena (FMNH 65687–65694), Hacienda Villa Carmen (FMNH 84290–84295), Kiteni (USNM 19297), Ocobamba (USNM 86917, 86918), Río Comberciato (USNM 194830), San Fernando (USNM 194832, 194833, 194835–194837), San Pedro (FMNH 172263–172265), Santa Ana (USNM 194907, 194909, 194910, 194912– 194915), Uvini (USNM 194831),
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||
<quantity id="4CC467FCFF95FFFAFBE95C4CFBDFFB82" box="[1048,1116,1085,1110]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
|
||
E Quincemil (USNM 19298),
|
||
<quantity id="4CC467FCFF95FFFAFC465C2CFB96FBA1" box="[951,1045,1118,1142]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.59" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="km" value="15.9">15.9 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Pilcopata (FMNH 175091);
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||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFC7B5CF2FC73FB40" box="[906,1008,1152,1175]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFC7B5CF2FC73FB40" box="[906,1008,1152,1175]" country="Peru" name="Huanuco" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Huánuco</collectingRegion>
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||
</emphasis>
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, Hacienda Vista Alegre (FMNH 24131), Tingo Maria (FMNH 46101, 46102);
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||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFCAF5CB0FC1AFB0E" box="[862,921,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFCAF5CB0FC1AFB0E" box="[862,921,1218,1241]" country="Peru" name="Junin" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Junín</collectingRegion>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
, Perené (AMNH 63857), Río Tulumayo (USNM 507262*);
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||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFBDE5C91FBF6FB2D" box="[1071,1141,1251,1274]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFBDE5C91FBF6FB2D" box="[1071,1141,1251,1274]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, Boca Río Curaray (AMNH 71909–71911, 71913, 71915–71920), Boca Río Peruaté (FMNH 88912),
|
||
<quantity id="4CC467FCFF95FFFAFCFB5D34FCD7FA89" box="[778,852,1350,1374]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
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||
S Iquitos (TTU 98642, 98994, 100883, 124939, 124940), Puerto Indiana (AMNH 73351, 73352), San Jacinto (KU 158188, 158189);
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFCE75DDBFC3FFA16" box="[790,956,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFCE75DDBFC3FFA16" box="[790,956,1449,1473]" country="Peru" name="Madre de Dios" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Madre de Dios</collectingRegion>
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
, confluence of Río La Torre with Río Tambopata (LSUMZ 24593), Hacienda Amazonía (FMNH 139832, 139833, 139835),
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||
<quantity id="4CC467FCFF95FFFAFCE55E7EFCECF9F3" box="[788,879,1548,1572]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="km" value="2.75">2.75 km</quantity>
|
||
E Shintuya (FMNH 170593), Puerto Maldonado (KU 144301, USNM 390136);
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFD5D5E3DFD69F9B1" box="[684,746,1615,1638]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFD5D5E3DFD69F9B1" box="[684,746,1615,1638]" country="Peru" name="Pasco" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Pasco</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, San Ramón (AMNH 213534);
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF95FFFAFB8A5E3DFB36F9B1" box="[1147,1205,1615,1638]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF95FFFAFB8A5E3DFB36F9B1" box="[1147,1205,1615,1638]" country="Peru" name="Puno" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Puno</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF95FFFAFD3D5EF7FC38F91E" blockId="54.[684,1212,226,1737]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D3A0190FF95FFFAFD3D5EF7FCBCF94E" box="[716,831,1669,1689]" count="15" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="generic">
|
||
<superScript id="7C496751FF95FFFAFD3D5EF7FD59F946" attach="right" box="[716,730,1669,1681]" fontSize="5" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">15</superScript>
|
||
Specimens
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
marked with asterisks (*) are those karyotyped by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFADB7E8FF95FFFAFD0F5EECFC6FF966" author="Gardner, A. L. & J. L. Patton" box="[766,1004,1694,1713]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref87167" refString="Gardner, A. L., and J. L. Patton. 1976. Karyotypic variation in oryzomyine rodents (Cricetinae) with comments on chromosomal evolution in the Neotropical cricetine complex. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology Louisiana State University 49: 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1976">Gardner and Patton (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFADB7E8FF95FFFAFC075EECFB1CF966" author="Patton, J. L. & M. N. F. da Silva & J. R. Malcolm" box="[1014,1183,1694,1713]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref90419" refString="Patton, J. L., M. N. F. da Silva, and J. R. Malcolm. 2000. Mammals of the Rio Jurua and the evolutionary and ecological diversification of Amazonia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 244: 1 - 306." type="journal article" year="2000">Patton et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, or
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFADB7E8FF95FFFAFD5D5EC4FC34F91E" author="Bonvicino, C. R. & A. L. Gardner" box="[684,951,1718,1737]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="69 - 72" refId="ref85242" refString="Bonvicino, C. R., and A. L. Gardner. 2001. A new karyotype in the Nectomys squamipes complex (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae). Revista Nordestina de Biologia 15: 69 - 72." type="journal article" year="2001">Bonvicino and Gardner (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF439A91FF94FFFBFF9A5CCDFC56FAC7" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" startId="55.[107,149,1215,1236]" targetBox="[121,1187,224,1166]" targetPageId="55" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF94FFFBFF9A5CCDFC56FAC7" blockId="55.[107,1211,1213,1296]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
FIG. 22. Dorsal views of anterior orbital region of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF94FFFBFD8E5CCCFCB1FB02" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[639,818,1213,1237]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFD8E5CCCFCB1FB02" box="[639,818,1213,1237]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Nectomys apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFCB25CCFFCD6FB02" bold="true" box="[835,853,1213,1237]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">A</emphasis>
|
||
, AMNH 71915) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF94FFFBFBC95CCCFB10FB02" box="[1080,1171,1214,1237]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rattus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFBC95CCCFB10FB02" box="[1080,1171,1214,1237]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">N. rattus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFB545CCFFB36FB02" bold="true" box="[1189,1205,1213,1237]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">B</emphasis>
|
||
, AMNH 231154) illustrating species difference in lacrimal size. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFC735CA8FC21FB25" bold="true" box="[898,930,1242,1266]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">fro</emphasis>
|
||
, frontal;
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFC0E5CA9FB9EFB24" bold="true" box="[1023,1053,1243,1267]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">lac</emphasis>
|
||
, lacrimal;
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFB795CA9FB36FB24" bold="true" box="[1160,1205,1243,1267]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">max</emphasis>
|
||
, maxillary;
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFF295C8AFF65FAC7" bold="true" box="[216,230,1272,1296]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">n</emphasis>
|
||
, nasal;
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFEC55C8AFED7FAC7" bold="true" box="[308,340,1272,1296]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">nlc</emphasis>
|
||
, nasolacrimal capsule;
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFDB05C8AFDE7FAC7" bold="true" box="[577,612,1272,1296]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">pre</emphasis>
|
||
, premaxillary;
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFD0E5C8AFC9AFAC7" bold="true" box="[767,793,1272,1296]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">zn</emphasis>
|
||
, zygomatic notch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF94FFFBFF9D5D36FEE2F9F4" blockId="55.[108,637,1348,1737]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Carabaya (USNM 137520, 172961),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF94FFFBFDE45D36FDFFFA8B" box="[533,636,1348,1372]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" name="San Juan/Laventille" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">San Juan</collectingRegion>
|
||
(FMNH 78378–78383), Santo Domingo (= “Inca Mines”; AMNH 15801, 16057; FMNH 18201, 29452);
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFF3B5DD5FE9FFA68" box="[202,284,1447,1471]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF94FFFBFF3B5DD5FE9FFA68" box="[202,284,1447,1471]" country="Peru" name="Ucayali" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Ucayali</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, Balta (LSUMZ 12321, 12324, 12326–12329, 14377, 16708; MVZ 136639– 136641*), Lagarto (AMNH 76512, 76520), Santa Rosa (AMNH 76057).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3269992FF94FFF5FF7D5E5EFB3FF91D" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF94FFF4FF7D5E5EFEEDFACF" blockId="55.[108,637,1348,1737]" lastBlockId="56.[108,637,883,1736]" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
IDENTIFICATION: Peruvian specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF94FFFBFDBA5E5FFF28F9B2" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFDBA5E5FFF28F9B2" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Nectomys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be sorted into two taxa that we identify as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF94FFFBFF495E1DFEF5F951" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[184,374,1646,1670]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFF495E1DFEF5F951" box="[184,374,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Nectomys apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF94FFFBFE415E1DFD93F951" box="[432,528,1647,1670]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rattus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFE415E1DFD93F951" box="[432,528,1647,1670]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">N. rattus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on qualitative and morphometric trait differences. We have not examined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548774BBFF94FFFBFE7E5EC3FE3DF91E" box="[399,446,1713,1737]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of either species (in Berlin and Vienna, respectively), but we provisionally accept the application of these names as recommended by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFADB7E8FF94FFFBFC2A5DF4FCA4FA68" author="Bonvicino, C. R. & M. Weksler" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="369 - 377" refId="ref85326" refString="Bonvicino, C. R., and M. Weksler. 2015. Genus Nectomys Peters, 1861. In J. L. Patton, U. F. J. Pardinas, and G. D'Elia (editors), Mammals of South America, volume 2: Rodents: 369 - 377. Chicago: University of Chicago Press." type="book chapter" year="2015">Bonvicino and Weksler (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. As currently understood,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF94FFFBFBA45DDAFD7FFA36" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFBA45DDAFD7FFA36" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Nectomys apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a western Amazonian taxon characterized by diploid counts of 38–42 chromosomes, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF94FFFBFCFC5E79FCEEF9F5" box="[781,877,1547,1570]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rattus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFCFC5E79FCEEF9F5" box="[781,877,1547,1570]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">N. rattus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a widespread (pan-Amazonian) species with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFC675E5EFC27F994" box="[918,932,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 52–56 chromosomes. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFADB7E8FF94FFFBFCB95E3FFBA7F9B2" author="Patton, J. L. & M. N. F. da Silva & J. R. Malcolm" box="[840,1060,1613,1637]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref90419" refString="Patton, J. L., M. N. F. da Silva, and J. R. Malcolm. 2000. Mammals of the Rio Jurua and the evolutionary and ecological diversification of Amazonia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 244: 1 - 306." type="journal article" year="2000">Patton et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, these karyotypes can be associated with different cranial phenotypes: specimens with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF94FFFBFBF75EE2FB97F970" box="[1030,1044,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 38–42 have interparietals that are deep (anteroposterior dimension) in proportion to their width (transverse dimension), whereas specimens with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FDA75BE7FDE7FC7B" box="[598,612,917,940]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 52–56 have interparietals that are proportionately shallower. Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFADB7E8FF9BFFF4FE6A5BA5FDFFFC38" author="Patton, J. L. & M. N. F. da Silva & J. R. Malcolm" box="[411,636,982,1007]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref90419" refString="Patton, J. L., M. N. F. da Silva, and J. R. Malcolm. 2000. Mammals of the Rio Jurua and the evolutionary and ecological diversification of Amazonia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 244: 1 - 306." type="journal article" year="2000">Patton et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that the ratio of interparietal depth (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2D52DCFF9BFFF4FF855C6BFF20FBE6" box="[116,163,1049,1073]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">IPD</collectionCode>
|
||
) to interparietal width (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2D52DCFF9BFFF4FE555C6BFE59FBE6" box="[420,474,1049,1073]" country="Germany" name="Instutut fuer Palaeontologie der Uinversitaet Wurzburg" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">IPW</collectionCode>
|
||
) could be used as a diagnostic criterion, our measurements of karyotyped specimens—those marked with asterisks in lists of examined material (above and below)—resulted in narrowly overlapping values of this ratio (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2D52DCFF9BFFF4FF0B5CCCFEAAFB01" box="[250,297,1214,1238]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">IPD</collectionCode>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2D52DCFF9BFFF4FEC35CCCFEEAFB01" box="[306,361,1214,1238]" country="Germany" name="Instutut fuer Palaeontologie der Uinversitaet Wurzburg" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">IPW</collectionCode>
|
||
). Fortunately, other morphological traits allow confident identification of these species (table 16).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF439A91FF9BFFF4FF9D5A98FD58FC8F" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" startId="56.[108,150,746,767]" targetBox="[112,1209,232,716]" targetPageId="56" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF9BFFF4FF9D5A98FD58FC8F" blockId="56.[108,1211,744,856]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
FIG. 23. Dorsolateral braincase of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF9BFFF4FE3F5A9BFDFCFCD7" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[462,639,744,768]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FE3F5A9BFDFCFCD7" box="[462,639,744,768]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Nectomys apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FD7E5A9AFD22FCD7" bold="true" box="[655,673,744,768]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
||
, AMNH 273135) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF9BFFF4FC7A5A9BFC67FCD7" box="[907,996,745,768]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rattus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FC7A5A9BFC67FCD7" box="[907,996,745,768]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">N. rattus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FC045A9AFB86FCD7" bold="true" box="[1013,1029,744,768]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
|
||
, AMNH 231154) illustrating species difference in presence or absence of a low crista (
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FCD55B74FCBAFCC9" bold="true" box="[804,825,774,798]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">cr</emphasis>
|
||
) along the parietal-squamosal suture. Other abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FEB25B51FEE4FCEC" bold="true" box="[323,359,803,827]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">exo</emphasis>
|
||
, exoccipital;
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FE1A5B51FD95FCEC" bold="true" box="[491,534,803,827]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">mas</emphasis>
|
||
, mastoid exposure of petrosal;
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FCA25B51FCF4FCEC" bold="true" box="[851,887,803,827]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">par</emphasis>
|
||
, parietal;
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FC2D5B51FC7CFCEC" bold="true" box="[988,1023,803,827]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">pgf</emphasis>
|
||
, postglenoid foramen;
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FF575B32FF46FC8F" bold="true" box="[166,197,832,856]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">srz</emphasis>
|
||
, squamosal root of zygomatic arch;
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FDC65B32FDDFFC8F" bold="true" box="[567,604,832,856]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">squ</emphasis>
|
||
, squamosal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF9BFFF4FF7D5D56FC58FAAC" blockId="56.[108,637,883,1736]" lastBlockId="56.[684,1212,883,1635]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Several qualitative craniodental characters described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFADB7E8FF9BFFF4FEFE5D37FE4FFA8A" author="Chiquito, E. A." box="[271,460,1349,1373]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" refId="ref85586" refString="Chiquito, E. A. 2015. Sistematica do genero Nectomys Peters, 1861 (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Ph. D. dissertation, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo." type="book" year="2015">Chiquito (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are correlated with interparietal shape and, in combination, can be used to sort western Amazonian specimens into two distinct groups: (1) The dorsal exposure of the lacrimal bone at the anteromedial corner of the orbit is usually small in specimens with deep/narrow interparietals (fig. 22A), but the lacrimal tends to be conspicuously larger in specimens with shallow/wide interparietals (fig. 22B). (2) The suture between the parietal and the squamosal on the posterolateral braincase—above and behind the squamosal root of the zygomatic arch—is produced as a low crest in most specimens with deep/narrow interparietals (fig. 23A), but a sutural crest is absent in most specimens with shallow/wide interparietals (fig. 23B). (3) The incisive foramina in specimens with deep/narrow interparietals are parallel sided or taper anteriorly without interruption, and the median septum that divides the left and right foramina is uniformly narrow (fig. 24A); by contrast, in specimens with shallow/wide interparietals, the incisive foramina are laterally constricted anterior to the premaxillary/maxillary suture, and the median septum is conspicuously flattened or dimpled at a point corresponding to the lateral constriction (fig. 24B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF9BFFF4FD3D5DF6FB3FF9B4" blockId="56.[684,1212,883,1635]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Adult specimens
|
||
<superScript id="7C496751FF9BFFF4FC725DF0FC17FA44" attach="left" box="[899,916,1410,1427]" fontSize="7" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">16</superScript>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF9BFFF4FC4A5DF7FBA2FA4B" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[955,1057,1413,1436]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FC4A5DF7FBA2FA4B" box="[955,1057,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Nectomys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from western Amazonia with deep/narrow interparietals, small lacrimals, crested parietal/squamosal sutures, and unconstricted incisive foramina include six with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9BFFF4FD035E7BFC83F9F7" box="[754,768,1545,1568]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 38–42 chromosomes (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2D52DCFF9BFFF4FBE25E7BFBEEF9F6" box="[1043,1133,1545,1569]" country="USA" name="Louisiana State University, Musuem of Zoology" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">LSUMZ</collectionCode>
|
||
16711, 16715; MVZ 155019, 190373, 190374; USNM 513585), whereas western Amazonian adults
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF9BFFF4FD3D5EEFFD7EF91E" blockId="56.[684,1212,1693,1737]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<superScript id="7C496751FF9BFFF4FD3D5EEFFD59F97E" attach="right" box="[716,730,1693,1705]" fontSize="5" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">16</superScript>
|
||
Some of these traits are not consistently developed in juveniles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF9AFFF5FD5D5890FB98FDF4" blockId="57.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
with shallow/wide interparietals, large lacrimals, uncrested parietal/squamosal sutures, and constricted incisive foramina include three with 2
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9AFFF5FB5F5956FB3FFEEC" box="[1198,1212,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 52 chromosomes (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2D52DCFF9AFFF5FC5B5937FB85FE8A" box="[938,1030,325,349]" country="USA" name="Louisiana State University, Musuem of Zoology" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">LSUMZ</collectionCode>
|
||
14372–14374). Both phenotypes occur in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF9AFFF5FC105914FBA9FEAA" box="[993,1066,358,381]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
department, where they are also morphometrically divergent, especially in molar toothrow length (table 17). Unfortunately, we have not discovered any external character by which these species might be confidently identified in the field.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF9AFFF5FD3D5A5EFC05FA8A" blockId="57.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Peters’ (1861) illustration of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548774BBFF9AFFF5FBD55A5EFB00FD93" box="[1060,1155,556,580]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
skull of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF9AFFF5FD385A3CFC04FDB2" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[713,903,589,613]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9AFFF5FD385A3CFC04FDB2" box="[713,903,589,613]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Nectomys apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is consistent with the application of this name to the western Amazonian species with deep/wide interparietals, small lacrimals, and unconstricted incisive foramina (the morphology of the posterolateral braincase is not sufficiently resolved in Peter’s figure to confirm the presence of a parietal-squamosal crest). As noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFADB7E8FF9AFFF5FCEC5B47FBCCFC9A" author="Hershkovitz, P." box="[797,1103,821,845]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref87824" refString="Hershkovitz, P. 1944. A systematic review of the Neotropical water rats of the genus Nectomys (Cricetinae). Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan 58: 1 - 88, pls. I - IV, folding map." type="journal article" year="1944">Hershkovitz (1944: 25–26)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the type was purchased at Guayaquil (presumably from a dealer in natural history curiosa), but it was almost certainly collected in eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B8A89FF9AFFF5FBAB5BEAFB3AFC67" box="[1114,1209,920,944]" name="Ecuador" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFADB7E8FF9AFFF5FCB45BCBFB82FC06" author="Chiquito, E. A." box="[837,1025,953,977]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refId="ref85586" refString="Chiquito, E. A. 2015. Sistematica do genero Nectomys Peters, 1861 (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Ph. D. dissertation, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo." type="book" year="2015">Chiquito’s (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
revision,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF9AFFF5FB9E5BC8FD59FC25" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9AFFF5FB9E5BC8FD59FC25" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">N. apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B8A89FF9AFFF5FC5A5BA8FB9AFC25" box="[939,1049,986,1010]" name="Colombia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B8A89FF9AFFF5FB8C5BA9FD57FBC4" name="Ecuador" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
, eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B8A89FF9AFFF5FCBB5B8EFC02FBC4" box="[842,897,1020,1043]" name="Peru" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B8A89FF9AFFF5FBC35B89FB06FBC4" box="[1074,1157,1019,1043]" name="Bolivia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. We additionally recognize Patton et al.’s (2000) material from the Rio Juruá in western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B8A89FF9AFFF5FBCB5C4FFBF9FB82" box="[1082,1146,1085,1109]" name="Brazil" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF9AFFF5FB535C4CFD7CFBA1" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9AFFF5FB535C4CFD7CFBA1" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">N. apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas Chiquito refers their Juruá material to an unnamed taxon (“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF9AFFF5FBDD5CF2FD3DFB6E" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-B">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9AFFF5FBDD5CF2FB17FB40" box="[1068,1172,1152,1175]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Nectomys</emphasis>
|
||
sp. B
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”) that also includes two MVZ specimens from Balta (in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F804FBFF9AFFF5FCE75CB0FCE4FB0D" box="[790,871,1218,1242]" country="Peru" name="Ucayali" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Ucayali</collectingRegion>
|
||
department,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32B8A89FF9AFFF5FBF15CB0FBBBFB0D" box="[1024,1080,1218,1242]" name="Peru" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Molecular sequence data would be helpful in resolving inconsistencies between Chiquito’s restricted usage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3CB19AFF9AFFF5FCFB5D54FCFBFAEA" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[778,888,1317,1341]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Nectomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B948160BFF9AFFF5FCFB5D54FCFBFAEA" box="[778,888,1317,1341]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">N. apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and our more inclusive application of this name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B83CA19FF9AFFF5FD3D5D15FB3FF91D" blockId="57.[684,1213,226,1738]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">ETHNOBIOLOGY: The Matses name for the water rat is maka tanun (“gray rat”). No subtypes are recognized by the Matses, and they have no synonyms for this species. The water rat is a very minor game animal for the Matses. It is sometimes killed in deadfall traps baited with manioc. While some Matses eat them, others do not, and those who do eat them discard any that are infested with botfly larvae. Water rats are pests that feed on crops in swiddens surrounded by forest and on crops planted next to houses in</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |