305 lines
35 KiB
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305 lines
35 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="418EA204D2F553E6A8EB61F9F40A8980">Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6E68CC4F64CF707857EA6871FCED1A0D">Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="89E629023E13638C161588E2F4932422">Fleck, David W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0647BD842B0F5001E224296919770FDA">Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A8E6D74E95CB36F23AA98C6C39FC01E1">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="E4D42924053BE3433E8246D0ADA30990">432</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C338DF9FFFFBB1799E25F99FFDE1F9CD" box="[112,632,1568,1592]" pageId="54" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D0D53B78FFFBB1799E25F99FFDE1F9CD" box="[112,632,1568,1592]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="54" pageNumber="54" reason="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFBB1799E25F99FFDE1F9CD" ID-CoL="4G4WH" authority="Gardner and Patton, 1972" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" box="[112,632,1568,1592]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="54" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFFBB1799E25F99FFECCF9CD" box="[112,341,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">Philander mcilhennyi</emphasis>
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Gardner and Patton, 1972
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C338DF9FFFFBB1789F15F9EDFBDEFB62" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="54" pageNumber="54" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFBB1799F15F9EDFE31F99F" blockId="54.[320,424,1618,1642]" box="[320,424,1618,1642]" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">
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<heading id="D0D53B78FFFBB1799F15F9EDFE31F99F" box="[320,424,1618,1642]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="54" pageNumber="54" reason="2">
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<figureCitation id="13199091FFFBB1799F15F9EDFE31F99F" box="[320,424,1618,1642]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="56.[108,150,998,1019]" captionTargetBox="[107,1211,224,971]" captionTargetId="figure-306@56.[107,1211,224,971]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIG. 19. Dorsal and ventral views of Philander skins from Nuevo San Juan (from left to right in each panel: MUSM 13299, AMNH 272818, AMNH 273089, AMNH 273055). Cytochrome b sequences obtained from all four specimens belong to the P. mcilhennyi haplogroup (Voss et al., 2018)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5414936/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">Figure 19</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFBB1799ED9F93CFDE5F96E" blockId="54.[108,636,1667,1724]" box="[140,636,1667,1691]" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">VOUCHER MATERIAL (TOTAL = 18): Nuevo</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFBB1799E39F91BFDE2F949" blockId="54.[108,636,1667,1724]" box="[108,635,1700,1724]" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">
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<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFFBB1799E39F91BFF4EF949" box="[108,215,1700,1724]" country="Argentina" name="San Juan" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">San Juan</collectingRegion>
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(AMNH 268223, 268224, 272818,
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFBB1799CF9FAA5FB9DFA81" blockId="54.[684,1214,1305,1726]" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">273039, 273040, 273054, 273055, 273089; MUSM 11068, 11070, 11071, 11073, 13299, 15319– 15323), Orosa (AMNH 74088).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFBB1799C98FAC2FBABFA0D" blockId="54.[684,1214,1305,1726]" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">
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OTHER INTERFLUVIAL RECORDS: Choncó (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFFBB1799CE6FA21FC5CFA43" author="Vriesendorp, C." box="[691,965,1438,1462]" pageId="54" pageNumber="54" refId="ref50586" refString="Vriesendorp, C. et al. (editors). 2006 a. Peru: Matses (Rapid Biological Inventories 16). Chicago: Field Museum." type="book" year="2006">Vriesendorp et al., 2006a</bibRefCitation>
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), Divisor (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFFBB1799A61FA21FCD1FA22" author="Vriesendorp, C." pageId="54" pageNumber="54" refId="ref50615" refString="Vriesendorp, C., et al. (editors). 2006 b. Peru: Sierra del Divisor (Rapid Biological Inventories 17). Chicago: Field Museum." type="book" year="2006">Vriesendorp et al., 2006b</bibRefCitation>
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), Jenaro
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<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFFBB1799DEFFA00FB8BFA23" box="[954,1042,1471,1494]" country="Panama" name="Herrera" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">Herrera</collectingRegion>
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(as
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFBB1799A05FA00FC8CFA0D" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="54" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andersoni">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFFBB1799A05FA00FC8CFA0D" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">Philander andersoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFFBB1799D77FA5FFBBCFA0D" author="Fleck, D. W. & J. D. Harder" box="[802,1061,1504,1528]" pageId="54" pageNumber="54" pagination="809 - 818" refId="ref46015" refString="Fleck, D. W., and J. D. Harder. 1995. Ecology of marsupials in two Amazonian rain forests in northeastern Peru. Journal of Mammalogy 76: 809 - 818." type="journal article" year="1995">Fleck and Harder, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFBB1789C99F9BEFE74FCD9" blockId="54.[684,1214,1305,1726]" lastBlockId="55.[107,640,226,1738]" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">
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IDENTIFICATION: Amazonian specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFBB1799CF9F99DFC8FF9CF" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" box="[684,790,1570,1594]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="54" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFFBB1799CF9F99DFC8FF9CF" box="[684,790,1570,1594]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">Philander</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with distinctly blackish middorsal fur belong to two strongly supported cytochrome
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFFBB1799AFAF9FCFB25F9AE" box="[1199,1212,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="54">b</emphasis>
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haplogroups (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFFBB1799D13F9DBFBFEF989" author="Patton, J. L. & M. N. F. da Silva" box="[838,1127,1636,1660]" pageId="54" pageNumber="54" pagination="90 - 102" refId="ref47982" refString="Patton, J. L., and M. N. F. da Silva. 1997. Definitions of species of pouched four-eyed opossums (Didelphidae, Philander). Journal of Mammalogy 78: 90 - 102." type="journal article" year="1997">Patton and da Silva, 1997</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFFBB1799A21F9DAFCB2F968" author="Patton, J. L. & M. N. F. da Silva & J. R. Malcolm" pageId="54" pageNumber="54" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref48143" refString="Patton, J. L., M. N. F. da Silva, and J. R. Malcolm. 2000. Mammals of the Rio Jurua and the evolutionary and ecological diversification of Amazonia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 244: 1 - 306." type="journal article" year="2000">Patton et al., 2000</bibRefCitation>
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; Voss et al., 2018). One haplogroup is represented by specimens collected north of the Amazon (in northern Loreto, eastern
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFFAB1789C69FF5DFF0BFEEE" name="Ecuador" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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, southeastern
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFFAB1789F62FEBCFE3EFEEE" box="[311,423,259,283]" name="Colombia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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, southern
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFFAB1789C75FEBCFF17FEC9" name="Venezuela" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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, and northwestern
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFFAB1789FDBFE9BFE4EFEC9" box="[398,471,292,316]" name="Brazil" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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), but it also includes a sequence obtained from a
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<typeStatus id="549932B6FFFAB1789C55FEFAFDF9FEA8" box="[512,608,325,349]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789E3EFED8FE20FE8B" authority="(Osgood, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[107,441,358,382]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andersoni">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789E3EFED8FF6FFE8B" box="[107,246,358,382]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. andersoni</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFFAB1789F5EFED9FE28FE8B" author="Osgood, W. H." box="[267,433,358,382]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" pagination="93 - 100" refId="ref47844" refString="Osgood, W. H. 1913. New Peruvian mammals. Field Museum of Natural History Zoological Series 10: 93 - 100." type="book chapter" year="1913">Osgood, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, which was collected south of the upper Amazon at Yurimaguas, in western
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<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFFAB1789F7EFE16FEEDFE35" box="[299,372,425,448]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Loreto</collectingRegion>
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department. The other haplogroup, represented by specimens collected south of the Amazon in
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFFAB1789FD5FE54FE2DFDF7" box="[384,436,491,514]" name="Peru" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Peru</collectingCountry>
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and western
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFFAB1789C19FE54FF1EFDD6" name="Brazil" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, includes specimens that closely resemble the type series of
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789F57FD92FE0AFDB1" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" box="[258,403,556,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789F57FD92FE0AFDB1" box="[258,403,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. mcilhennyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(from Balta in Ucayali department). Both haplogroups are currently recognized as valid species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFFAB1789FF5FDD0FF3FFD5D" author="Patton, J. L. & M. N. F. da Silva" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" pagination="27 - 35" refId="ref48023" refString="Patton, J. L., and M. N. F. da Silva. 2008 (" 2007 "). Genus Philander Brisson, 1762. In A. L. Gardner (editor), Mammals of South America, vol. 1. Marsupials, xenarthrans, shrews, and bats: 27 - 35. Chicago: University of Chicago Press." type="book chapter" year="2008">Patton and da Silva, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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), but Voss et al. (2018) noted that the material they referred to
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789FCEFD0EFDBEFD3D" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[411,551,688,712]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andersoni">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789FCEFD0EFDBEFD3D" box="[411,551,688,712]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. andersoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789C3FFD0EFF70FD1F" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789C3FFD0EFF70FD1F" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. mcilhennyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on the basis of cytochrome
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789C3AFD6DFDE5FD1F" box="[623,636,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">b</emphasis>
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sequences could not be consistently distinguished by morphological criteria.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFAB1789ED9FC8AFDE4FA55" blockId="55.[107,640,226,1738]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">
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Most specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789F08FC8AFDDBFCB8" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" box="[349,578,821,845]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789F08FC8AFDDBFCB8" box="[349,578,821,845]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Philander mcilhennyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(e.g., the
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<typeStatus id="549932B6FFFAB1789ECCFCE9FF50FC9B" box="[153,201,854,878]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
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series from Balta,
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFFAB1789FFDFCE9FE47FC98" box="[424,478,854,877]" name="Peru" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Peru</collectingCountry>
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, and material from western
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFFAB1789F5FFCC8FED5FC7A" box="[266,332,887,911]" name="Brazil" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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) are very dark: completely blackish middorsally with dark-grayish flanks and underparts. Although the lateral and ventral fur is frosted with gray, the tonal contrast with the middorsal fur is not abrupt. Additionally, the middorsal fur is much longer than the lateral fur, giving some skins a distinctly shaggy appearance. By contrast, typical material of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789F9EFBE0FDD6FB83" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[459,591,1118,1142]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789F9EFBE0FDD6FB83" box="[459,591,1118,1142]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. andersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has paler-grayish flanks, such that the black middorsal stripe is more obvious; additionally, the middorsal fur of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789EA9FB7DFEFCFB2F" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[252,357,1218,1242]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789EA9FB7DFEFCFB2F" box="[252,357,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">andersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is said to be shorter than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789EEBFB5CFEADFB0E" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" box="[190,308,1251,1275]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789EEBFB5CFEADFB0E" box="[190,308,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">mcilhennyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the ventral fur is either self-whitish or gray-based whitish (rather than dark gray). Lastly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789F6EFA99FE27FAC8" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[315,446,1317,1341]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789F6EFA99FE27FAC8" box="[315,446,1317,1341]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. andersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is said to have a medial patch of pale fur at the base of the ear that is absent from the entirely blackish crown of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789C3FFAD7FF78FA55" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789C3FFAD7FF78FA55" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. mcilhennyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFFAB1789F4CFA36FDB4FA55" author="Patton, J. L. & M. N. F. da Silva" box="[281,557,1416,1440]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" pagination="90 - 102" refId="ref47982" refString="Patton, J. L., and M. N. F. da Silva. 1997. Definitions of species of pouched four-eyed opossums (Didelphidae, Philander). Journal of Mammalogy 78: 90 - 102." type="journal article" year="1997">Patton and da Silva, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2008).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFAB1789EDEFA15FC5DFDF7" blockId="55.[107,640,226,1738]" lastBlockId="55.[684,1214,225,1738]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFFAB1789EDEFA15FEFAFA34" author="Patton, J. L. & M. N. F. da Silva & J. R. Malcolm" box="[139,355,1449,1473]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref48143" refString="Patton, J. L., M. N. F. da Silva, and J. R. Malcolm. 2000. Mammals of the Rio Jurua and the evolutionary and ecological diversification of Amazonia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 244: 1 - 306." type="journal article" year="2000">Patton et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
remarked that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789C40FA16FF4AFA17" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789C40FA16FF4AFA17" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Philander andersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789F58FA74FE05FA17" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" box="[269,412,1482,1506]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789F58FA74FE05FA17" box="[269,412,1482,1506]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. mcilhennyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be sympatric on the “lower Río Javarí in northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFFAB1789C41FA54FDDCF9F6" box="[532,581,1515,1539]" name="Peru" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,” citing a personal communication with D.W.F., who had observed both phenotypes at Nuevo San Juan (on the Río Gálvez). In fact, our voucher material includes specimens that distinctly resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789C3FF9CFFF47F95D" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789C3FF9CFFF47F95D" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. mcilhennyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g., AMNH 272818, MUSM 13299) and others that closely resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789F90F90DFDDDF93F" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[453,580,1714,1738]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789F90F90DFDDDF93F" box="[453,580,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. andersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g., AMNH 273055; fig. 19). Cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789A6BFF5DFBD2FF0F" box="[1086,1099,226,250]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">b</emphasis>
|
||
sequences that we obtained from specimens of both phenotypes, however, all belong to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789A47FE9BFB1CFEC9" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" box="[1042,1157,292,316]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789A47FE9BFB1CFEC9" box="[1042,1157,292,316]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">mcilhennyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
haplogroup (Voss et al., 2018), so introgression rather than sympatry might be the more appropriate interpretation of pelage variation at this locality. Nevertheless, we maintain current binomial usage pending further genetic analysis of our material (Jansa and Voss, in prep.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFAB1789C98FDB4FC76FC45" blockId="55.[684,1214,225,1738]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">
|
||
A curious aspect of intraspecific variation in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789CBEFD93FC41FDB1" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" box="[747,984,556,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789CBEFD93FC41FDB1" box="[747,984,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Philander mcilhennyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789A42FD92FB39FDB1" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1047,1184,556,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789A42FD92FB39FDB1" box="[1047,1184,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. andersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sexual dimorphism in the middorsal fur, which is significantly longer, on average, in females than in males (table 22). Same-sex comparisons, however, support
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFFAB1789D28FD0EFB20FD3C" author="Patton, J. L. & M. N. F. da Silva" box="[893,1209,688,713]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" pagination="90 - 102" refId="ref47982" refString="Patton, J. L., and M. N. F. da Silva. 1997. Definitions of species of pouched four-eyed opossums (Didelphidae, Philander). Journal of Mammalogy 78: 90 - 102." type="journal article" year="1997">Patton and da Silva’s (1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2008) description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789DF0FD6DFBA4FD1F" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" box="[933,1085,722,746]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789DF0FD6DFBA4FD1F" box="[933,1085,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. mcilhennyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as longerfurred than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789D60FD4CFC20FCFE" baseAuthorityName="Osgood" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[821,953,755,779]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andersoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789D60FD4CFC20FCFE" box="[821,953,755,779]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">P. andersoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although there is species overlap in our measurements of fur length even when comparing males with males and females with females. To our knowledge, sexual dimorphism in fur length has not been reported from other didelphid species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFAB1789C99FC06FC72FBA0" blockId="55.[684,1214,225,1738]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">
|
||
ETHNOBIOLOGY: The Matses do not distinguish this species from other “four-eyed” opossums (all known as cheka bëbëdi; see the generic account for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFFAB1789D7BFBA3FC0FFBC1" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" box="[814,918,1052,1076]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFFAB1789D7BFBA3FC0FFBC1" box="[814,918,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">Philander</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, above) and therefore have no particular beliefs about it.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFAB1789C98FBE0FBDEFB62" blockId="55.[684,1214,225,1738]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">MATSES NATURAL HISTORY: The Matses have no definite knowledge of this species.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C338DF9FFFFAB1779C99FB1EFE1AFAA8" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFFAB1789C99FB1EFC5FF93F" blockId="55.[684,1214,225,1738]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55">
|
||
REMARKS: Of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D24479DFFFAB1789DC7FB1EFBBCFB4D" box="[914,1061,1184,1209]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" type="generic">17 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
for which we have definite habitat data, seven (41%) were trapped or shot in primary forest (usually at well-drained sites, but once in the narrow floodplain of the Río Gálvez), another nine (53%) were taken in secondary forest (regenerating abandoned swiddens), and one was taken in an active swidden. Of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D24479DFFFAB1789D8DFA37FBE0FA55" box="[984,1145,1416,1440]" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
with recorded capture heights, 10 (71%) were trapped or shot on the ground, whereas four (29%) were shot or trapped on elevated substrates. Of the latter, one was trapped on a log
|
||
<quantity id="4CDA21F1FFFAB1789A46F9B3FBD8F9D1" box="[1043,1089,1548,1572]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
above the ground, another was shot
|
||
<quantity id="4CDA21F1FFFAB1789D9FF992FC6DF9B0" box="[970,1012,1581,1605]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
|
||
above the ground in a tree, and two others were shot at unrecorded heights in trees (one said to be “not very high” and the other “high up” [English translations from Matses field notes]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5DDC9CFFF5B1779E39FC59FCC6FBC2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414936" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5414936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5414936/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="56" startId="56.[108,150,998,1019]" targetBox="[107,1211,224,971]" targetPageId="56">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFF5B1779E39FC59FCC6FBC2" blockId="56.[108,1213,996,1079]" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">
|
||
FIG. 19. Dorsal and ventral views of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFF5B1779FBCFC5BFDD3FC09" authorityName="Brisson" authorityYear="1762" box="[489,586,996,1020]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="56" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFF5B1779FBCFC5BFDD3FC09" box="[489,586,996,1020]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">Philander</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
skins from Nuevo San Juan (from left to right in each panel: MUSM 13299, AMNH 272818, AMNH 273089, AMNH 273055). Cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFF5B1779DDAFBBEFC02FBEC" box="[911,923,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">b</emphasis>
|
||
sequences obtained from all four specimens belong to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFF5B1779FC8FBA0FDBBFBC3" authorityName="Gardner and Patton" authorityYear="1972" box="[413,546,1054,1078]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="56" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mcilhennyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFF5B1779FC8FBA0FDBBFBC3" box="[413,546,1054,1078]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">P. mcilhennyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
haplogroup (Voss et al., 2018).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFF5B1779ED9FBE1FE1AFAA8" blockId="56.[108,638,1118,1374]" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B4A8649FFF5B1779ED9FBE1FEE6FAA8" collectionCode="OTHER, SPECIMENS" country="Brazil" county="Sena Madureira" location="Rio Jurua" municipality="Sobral" pageId="56" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loreto">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3314D1FFF5B1779ED9FBE1FEC5FB83" box="[140,348,1118,1142]" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">OTHER SPECIMENS</collectionCode>
|
||
EXAMINED (TOTAL = 17):
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFF5B1779E3BFBC0FF28FB62" bold="true" box="[110,177,1151,1175]" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFF5B1779E3BFBC0FF28FB62" box="[110,177,1151,1175]" name="Brazil" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFF5B1779E9FFB3FFE99FB62" box="[202,256,1152,1175]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">Acre,</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FCF498FFF5B1779F5CFBC0FE21FB62" box="[265,440,1151,1175]" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">Sena Madureira</collectingCounty>
|
||
(USNM 546220– 546222),
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF9166EFFF5B1779E83FB1FFE84FB4D" box="[214,285,1184,1208]" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">Sobral</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
on left bank
|
||
<location id="8EFDDACFFFF5B1779FEBFB1FFDB2FB4D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B3D02FFFBB1779E25F99FFE1AFAA8:8EFDDACFFFF5B1779FEBFB1FFDB2FB4D" box="[446,555,1184,1208]" country="Brazil" county="Sena Madureira" municipality="Sobral" name="Rio Jurua" pageId="56" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Loreto">Rio Juruá</location>
|
||
(MVZ 190337).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFF5B1779E8BFB7EFE8CFB2C" bold="true" box="[222,277,1217,1241]" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFF5B1779E8BFB7EFE8CFB2C" box="[222,277,1217,1241]" name="Peru" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFF5B1779F7AFB7DFEE2FB2C" box="[303,379,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFF5B1779F7AFB7DFEEEFB2C" box="[303,375,1218,1241]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EFDDACFFFF5B1779FDEFB7EFF59FB0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B3D02FFFBB1779E25F99FFE1AFAA8:8EFDDACFFFF5B1779FDEFB7EFF59FB0F" country="Brazil" county="Sena Madureira" municipality="Sobral" name="Santa Elena on Rio Samiria" pageId="56" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Loreto">Santa Elena on Río Samiria</location>
|
||
(FMNH 87125).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFF5B1779FD5FB5DFE4EFB0F" box="[384,471,1250,1274]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFF5B1779FD5FB5DFE4AFB0F" box="[384,467,1250,1274]" country="Peru" name="Ucayali" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">Ucayali</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EFDDACFFFF5B1779F88FB5DFD8DFB0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038B3D02FFFBB1779E25F99FFE1AFAA8:8EFDDACFFFF5B1779F88FB5DFD8DFB0F" box="[477,532,1250,1274]" country="Brazil" county="Sena Madureira" municipality="Sobral" name="Balta" pageId="56" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Loreto">Balta</location>
|
||
(LSUMZ 14014, 14015, 16393, 16394; MVZ 136379– 136381),
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A2F9536FFF5B1779E83FA9BFE23FAC8" box="[214,442,1316,1341]" location="Pucallpa" pageId="56" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<quantity id="4CDA21F1FFF5B1779E83FA9BFE86FAC8" box="[214,287,1316,1341]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="56" pageNumber="56" unit="km" value="59.0">59 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Pucallpa
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
(USNM 461133, 499003, 499005–499007)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |