814 lines
87 KiB
XML
814 lines
87 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4C9DBDA644624A7FAF8984837EB4FD37">Mammalian Diversity And Matses Ethnomammalogy In Amazonian Peru Part 3: Marsupials (Didelphimorphia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="25EB9B184D0CBD851B9A372399545365">Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="46CB38F6AF85339EBE3B79731E0C1239">Jansa, Sharon A.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE4B1669C8FFEEAFB14FE98" authority="(Temminck, 1824)" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[730,1165,341,365]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFE4B1669C8FFEEAFC24FE98" box="[730,957,341,365]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Metachirus myosuros</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFE4B1669D9EFEEAFB1FFE98" author="Temminck, C. J." box="[971,1158,341,365]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" pagination="21 - 54" refId="ref49414" refString="Temminck, C. J. 1824. Deuxieme monographie sur le genre sarigue. - Didelphis (Linn.). In Monographies de mammalogie, ou description de quelques genres de mammiferes dont les especes ont ete observees dans les differens musees de l'Europe: 21 - 54. Paris: G. Dufour et E. D'Ocogne." type="book chapter" year="1824">Temminck, 1824</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE4B1669D69FE38FBB5FE6A" blockId="41.[828,1068,391,415]" box="[828,1068,391,415]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
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<heading id="D0D53B78FFE4B1669D69FE38FBB5FE6A" box="[828,1068,391,415]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" reason="2">
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<figureCitation id="13199091FFE4B1669D69FE38FC26FE6A" box="[828,959,391,415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[107,149,1109,1130]" captionTargetBox="[192,1137,227,1072]" captionTargetId="figure-255@44.[180,1140,224,1082]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 13. Dorsal cranial views of A, Metachirus nudicaudatus (AMNH 267009, an adult male from French Guiana) and B, M. myosuros (AMNH 273057, an adult male from the Yavarí-Ucayali interfluve)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5414918/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Figures 13B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13199091FFE4B1669D9EFE38FC6FFE6A" box="[971,1014,391,415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[108,150,1627,1648]" captionTargetBox="[121,599,236,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-12@45.[115,626,224,1599]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 14. Ventral views of palates of A, Metachirus nudicaudatus (AMNH 266449) and B, M. myosuros (MUSM 15309) illustrating species divergence in size of the maxillopalatine fenestrae (mpf)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5414920/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">14B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13199091FFE4B1669A57FE38FBB5FE6A" box="[1026,1068,391,415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[108,150,1213,1234]" captionTargetBox="[108,1212,224,1183]" captionTargetId="figure-198@46.[108,1212,224,1183]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 15. Lingual views of lower molars of A, M. nudicaudatus (AMNH 266451) and B, M. myosuros (AMNH 268218) illustrating species divergence in relative size of the entoconid (en) and paraconid (pa)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5414924/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">15B</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE4B1669C99FE06FBD4FDC1" blockId="41.[683,1213,441,1721]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
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VOUCHER MATERIAL (TOTAL = 12): Nuevo
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<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE4B1669AC0FE06FD44FE04" country="Argentina" name="San Juan" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">San Juan</collectingRegion>
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(AMNH 268217, 268218, 272780, 273057; MUSM 11049, 11051, 11053, 11054, 13293, 15308, 15309), San Fernando (FMNH 89001).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE4B1669C98FD82FD6BFD2C" blockId="41.[683,1213,441,1721]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
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OTHER INTERFLUVIAL RECORDS: Jenaro Herrera (as
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE4B1669D4FFDE1FBD8FD83" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[794,1089,606,630]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFE4B1669D4FFDE1FBD8FD83" box="[794,1089,606,630]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Metachirus nudicaudatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFE4B1669A0DFDE1FD7AFD62" author="Pacheco, V." pageId="41" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref47869" refString="Pacheco, V. 1991. A new species of Scolomys (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) from Peru. Publicaciones del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (ser. A) 37: 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1991">Pacheco, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFE4B1669CA4FDC0FC0CFD62" author="Pavlinov, I. J." box="[753,917,639,663]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" pagination="296 - 299" refId="ref48331" refString="Pavlinov, I. J. 1994. Mammals of Peruvian Amazonia in collection of Zoological Museum of Moscow M. V. Lomonosov University. In V. E. Sokolov (editor), Mammals of Peruvian Amazonia: 296 - 299. Moscow: " Nauka. " [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1994">Pavlinov, 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFE4B1669DF6FDC0FB29FD62" author="Fleck, D. W. & J. D. Harder" box="[931,1200,639,663]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" pagination="809 - 818" refId="ref46015" refString="Fleck, D. W., and J. D. Harder. 1995. Ecology of marsupials in two Amazonian rain forests in northeastern Peru. Journal of Mammalogy 76: 809 - 818." type="journal article" year="1995">Fleck and Harder, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE4B1669CF9FD1FFCB8FD4D" box="[684,801,672,696]" name="Saint Pierre and Miquelon" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">San Pedro</collectingCountry>
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(as
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE4B1669D03FD1EFB8CFD4D" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[854,1045,672,696]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFE4B1669D03FD1EFB8CFD4D" box="[854,1045,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFE4B1669A73FD1FFB21FD4D" author="Valqui, M." box="[1062,1208,672,696]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" pagination="343 - 349" refId="ref49840" refString="Valqui, M. 1999. Inventario de mamiferos de San Pedro del Rio Blanco, Loreto, Peru. Colaboracion entre la poblacion local y profesionales. In Manejo y conservacion de fauna silvestre en America Latina: 343 - 349. Santa Cruz, Bolivia: Museo Noel Kempff Mercado." type="book chapter" year="1999">Valqui, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFE4B1669CF9FD7EFD7FFD2C" author="Valqui, M. H." box="[684,742,705,729]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" refId="ref49893" refString="Valqui, M. H. 2001. Mammal diversity and ecology of terrestrial small rodents in western Amazonia. Ph. D. dissertation, University of Florida, Gainesville." type="book" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE4B1669C99FD5DFB22F94C" blockId="41.[683,1213,441,1721]" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">
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IDENTIFICATION: Same-sex morphometric comparisons of our voucher material and other specimens from southwestern Amazonia with typical examples of
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE4B1669D87FCFAFD73FC8B" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFE4B1669D87FCFAFD73FC8B" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">Metachirus nudicaudatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(from northeastern Amazonia) document broad overlap in most external and craniodental dimensions (table 14). However, side-by-side visual comparisons of skulls reveal consistent differences in other aspects of craniodental morphology (table 15). Most conspicuously, the left and right scars that mark the dorsalmost origin of the temporalis muscle on each side of the skull are only weakly convergent posteriorly in most specimens of typical
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE4B1669DD6FB0DFBC8FB3C" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[899,1105,1201,1225]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFE4B1669DD6FB0DFBC8FB3C" box="[899,1105,1201,1225]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, usually remaining widely separated over the parietals and interparietal (fig. 13A); if a sagittal crest is formed, usually in large adult male specimens, it is restricted to the midline of the interparietal. By contrast, the temporalis scars are more strongly convergent posteriorly in fully adult specimens from southwestern Amazonia, often uniting on the midline of the posterior braincase to form a low sagittal crest over the interparietal and along the mid-parietal suture (fig. 13B). Additionally, the rostrum tends to be more robust and the zygomatic arches tend to be more rounded laterally in southwestern Amazonian material than in
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE4B1669DACF93EFB2FF96D" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[1017,1206,1664,1688]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="41" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
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<emphasis id="B9565006FFE4B1669DACF93EFB2FF96D" box="[1017,1206,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="41">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which typically has a longer, narrower rostrum
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</paragraph>
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<subSection id="E2AD95FFFFE7B1659C08FF5DFC4EF934" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE7B1659C08FF5DFD57FF0F" blockId="42.[605,718,226,250]" box="[605,718,226,250]" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
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||
<heading id="D0D53B78FFE7B1659C08FF5DFD57FF0F" box="[605,718,226,250]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" reason="4">TABLE 14</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE7B1659EA4FEAEFBA0FED2" blockId="42.[241,1081,273,295]" box="[241,1081,273,295]" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
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<tableNote id="76C48D9AFFE7B1659EA4FEAEFBA0FED2" box="[241,1081,273,295]" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" targetBox="[119,1192,323,969]" targetPageId="42">
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Measurements (mm) and Weights (g) of
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<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE7B1659CDEFEAEFC1EFED2" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[651,903,273,295]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
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||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE7B1659CDEFEAEFC1EFED2" bold="true" box="[651,903,273,295]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">Metachirus nudicaudatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE7B1659DEFFEADFBA0FED2" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[954,1081,274,295]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">M. myosuros</taxonomicName>
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</tableNote>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE7B1659FF8FEFCFB03FC3C" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
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||
<table id="F9227EB4FFE74EB09E22FEFCFB31FC3C" box="[119,1192,323,969]" colsContinueIn="66.[117,1185,322,1005]" gridcols="5" gridrows="18" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
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<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FEFCFB31FEA3" box="[119,1192,323,342]" gridrow="0" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" rowspan-0="1">
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<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FEFCFD36FEA3" box="[221,687,323,342]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">Males</th>
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<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFEFCFB31FEA3" box="[731,1192,323,342]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">Females</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FED8FB31FE8E" box="[119,1192,359,379]" gridrow="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" rowspan-0="1">
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<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FED8FE2BFE8E" box="[221,434,359,379]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE7B1659EA8FED6FE14FE8E" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[253,397,360,379]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE7B1659EA8FED6FE14FE8E" box="[253,397,360,379]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFED8FD36FE8E" box="[473,687,359,379]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE7B1659C5EFED6FDEEFE8E" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[523,631,361,379]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE7B1659C5EFED6FDEEFE8E" box="[523,631,361,379]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">M. myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
b
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFED8FC3EFE8E" box="[731,935,359,379]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE7B1659CA3FED6FC1FFE8E" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[758,902,360,379]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE7B1659CA3FED6FC1FFE8E" box="[758,902,360,379]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
c
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FED8FB31FE8E" box="[979,1192,359,379]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE7B1659A51FED6FBE9FE8E" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[1028,1136,361,379]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE7B1659A51FED6FBE9FE8E" box="[1028,1136,361,379]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">M. myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
d
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FE32FB31FE54" box="[119,1192,397,417]" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FE32FF2DFE54" box="[119,180,397,417]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">HBL</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FE32FE2BFE54" box="[221,434,397,417]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">276 ± 17 (255–298) 8</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFE32FD36FE54" box="[473,687,397,417]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">254 ± 18 (217–285) 23</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFE32FC3EFE54" box="[731,935,397,417]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">259 ± 17 (240–290) 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FE32FB31FE54" box="[979,1192,397,417]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">250 ± 17 (218–278) 10</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FE0DFB31FE33" box="[119,1192,434,454]" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FE0DFF2DFE33" box="[119,180,434,454]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">LT</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FE0DFE2BFE33" box="[221,434,434,454]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">347 ± 25 (302–380) 8</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFE0DFD36FE33" box="[473,687,434,454]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">303 ± 21 (256–336) 23</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFE0DFC3EFE33" box="[731,935,434,454]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">344 ± 14 (326–370) 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FE0DFB31FE33" box="[979,1192,434,454]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">297 ± 22 (265–336) 10</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FE68FB31FE1F" box="[119,1192,471,490]" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FE68FF2DFE1F" box="[119,180,471,490]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">HF</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FE68FE2BFE1F" box="[221,434,471,490]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">47 ± 3 (44–51) 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFE68FD36FE1F" box="[473,687,471,490]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">43 ± 2 (40–47) 24</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFE68FC3EFE1F" box="[731,935,471,490]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">44 ± 2 (41–46) 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FE68FB31FE1F" box="[979,1192,471,490]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">41 ± 3 (37–46) 12</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FE43FB31FDFA" box="[119,1192,508,527]" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FE43FF2DFDFA" box="[119,180,508,527]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">Ear</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FE43FE2BFDFA" box="[221,434,508,527]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">38 ± 2 (35–40) 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFE43FD36FDFA" box="[473,687,508,527]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">35 ± 2 (30–39) 22</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFE43FC3EFDFA" box="[731,935,508,527]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">39 ± 2 (35–41) 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FE43FB31FDFA" box="[979,1192,508,527]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">35 ± 3 (30–39) 11</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FD9EFB31FDC1" box="[119,1192,545,564]" gridrow="6" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FD9EFF2DFDC1" box="[119,180,545,564]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">CBL</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FD9EFE2BFDC1" box="[221,434,545,564]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">61.1 ± 1.9 (57.6–63.9) 10</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFD9EFD36FDC1" box="[473,687,545,564]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">57.3 ± 2.8 (51.2–62.9) 24</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFD9EFC3EFDC1" box="[731,935,545,564]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">58.0 ± 1.4 (56.5–59.6) 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FD9EFB31FDC1" box="[979,1192,545,564]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">54.9 ± 2.8 (50.4–60.5) 14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FDFAFB31FDAC" box="[119,1192,581,601]" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FDFAFF2DFDAC" box="[119,180,581,601]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">NL</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FDFAFE2BFDAC" box="[221,434,581,601]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">30.9 ± 1.3 (29.0–33.2) 12</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFDFAFD36FDAC" box="[473,687,581,601]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">28.7 ± 1.8 (25.4–32.4) 24</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFDFAFC3EFDAC" box="[731,935,581,601]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">29.2 ± 1.2 (27.6–30.6) 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FDFAFB31FDAC" box="[979,1192,581,601]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">27.9 ± 1.6 (25.0–30.7) 13</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FDD5FB31FD8B" box="[119,1192,618,638]" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FDD5FF2DFD8B" box="[119,180,618,638]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">NB</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FDD5FE2BFD8B" box="[221,434,618,638]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">8.8 ± 0.4 (8.2–9.4) 11</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFDD5FD36FD8B" box="[473,687,618,638]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">8.6 ± 0.6 (7.41–10.3) 26</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFDD5FC3EFD8B" box="[731,935,618,638]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">8.6 ± 0.4 (8.1–9.1) 8</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FDD5FB31FD8B" box="[979,1192,618,638]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">8.5 ± 0.8 (7.4–10.1) 14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FD30FB31FD56" box="[119,1192,655,675]" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FD30FF2DFD56" box="[119,180,655,675]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">LPB</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FD30FE2BFD56" box="[221,434,655,675]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">9.7 ± 0.4 (9.0–10.0) 12</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFD30FD36FD56" box="[473,687,655,675]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">9.3 ± 0.4 (8.6–10.3) 26</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFD30FC3EFD56" box="[731,935,655,675]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">9.3 ± 0.3 (8.5–9.6) 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FD30FB31FD56" box="[979,1192,655,675]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">9.3 ± 0.4 (8.8–9.8) 14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FD0BFB31FD32" box="[119,1192,692,711]" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FD0BFF2DFD32" box="[119,180,692,711]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">ZB</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FD0BFE2BFD32" box="[221,434,692,711]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">29.6 ± 0.9 (28.3–31.0) 10</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFD0BFD36FD32" box="[473,687,692,711]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">29.5 ± 1.7 (25.7–32.6) 24</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFD0BFC3EFD32" box="[731,935,692,711]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">27.4 ± 1.1 (25.8–28.9) 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FD0BFB31FD32" box="[979,1192,692,711]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">27.7 ± 1.0 (25.2–29.8) 14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FD66FB31FD19" box="[119,1192,729,748]" gridrow="11" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FD66FF2DFD19" box="[119,180,729,748]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">PL</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FD66FE2BFD19" box="[221,434,729,748]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">34.6 ± 1.3 (32.7–36.3) 11</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFD66FD36FD19" box="[473,687,729,748]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">32.9 ± 1.6 (29.7–36.1) 25</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFD66FC3EFD19" box="[731,935,729,748]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">33.3 ± 0.6 (32.1–34.0) 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FD66FB31FD19" box="[979,1192,729,748]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">31.9 ± 1.6 (29.4–35.5) 14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FD41FB31FCE4" box="[119,1192,766,785]" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FD41FF2DFCE4" box="[119,180,766,785]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">PB</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FD41FE2BFCE4" box="[221,434,766,785]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">17.8 ± 0.3 (17.3–18.2) 11</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFD41FD36FCE4" box="[473,687,766,785]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">17.6 ± 0.8 (16.0–19.2) 26</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFD41FC3EFCE4" box="[731,935,766,785]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">17.4 ± 0.7 (16.7–18.5) 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FD41FB31FCE4" box="[979,1192,766,785]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">17.4 ± 0.6 (16.4–18.2) 14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FC9DFB31FCC3" box="[119,1192,802,822]" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FC9DFF2DFCC3" box="[119,180,802,822]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">MTR</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FC9DFE2BFCC3" box="[221,434,802,822]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">25.7 ± 0.6 (25.1–27.3) 12</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFC9DFD36FCC3" box="[473,687,802,822]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">24.1 ± 0.9 (22.4–25.8) 26</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFC9DFC3EFCC3" box="[731,935,802,822]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">25.2 ± 0.3 (24.8–25.9) 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FC9DFB31FCC3" box="[979,1192,802,822]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">23.4 ± 0.9 (22.4–25.8) 14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FCF8FB31FCAE" box="[119,1192,839,859]" gridrow="14" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FCF8FF2DFCAE" box="[119,180,839,859]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">LM</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FCF8FE2BFCAE" box="[221,434,839,859]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">12.0 ± 0.3 (11.3–12.6) 12</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFCF8FD36FCAE" box="[473,687,839,859]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">11.5 ± 0.4 (10.7–12.4) 26</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFCF8FC3EFCAE" box="[731,935,839,859]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">11.9 ± 0.4 (11.4–12.6) 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FCF8FB31FCAE" box="[979,1192,839,859]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">11.4 ± 0.4 (11.0–12.4) 14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FCD3FB31FC75" box="[119,1192,876,896]" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FCD3FF2DFC75" box="[119,180,876,896]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">M1–3</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FCD3FE2BFC75" box="[221,434,876,896]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">10.0 ± 0.4 (9.3–10.7) 12</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFCD3FD36FC75" box="[473,687,876,896]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">9.4 ± 0.3 (8.8–10.1) 26</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFCD3FC3EFC75" box="[731,935,876,896]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">9.8 ± 0.3 (9.4–10.4) 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FCD3FB31FC75" box="[979,1192,876,896]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">9.4 ± 0.3 (9.0–10.1) 14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FC2EFB31FC51" box="[119,1192,913,932]" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FC2EFF2DFC51" box="[119,180,913,932]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">WM3</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FC2EFE2BFC51" box="[221,434,913,932]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">3.8 ± 0.2 (3.6–4.2) 12</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFC2EFD36FC51" box="[473,687,913,932]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">3.8 ± 0.2 (3.4–4.4) 26</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFC2EFC3EFC51" box="[731,935,913,932]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">3.7 ± 0.2 (3.6–4.3) 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FC2EFB31FC51" box="[979,1192,913,932]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">3.7 ± 0.2 (3.4–4.0) 14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE74EB09E22FC09FB31FC3C" box="[119,1192,950,969]" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E22FC09FF2DFC3C" box="[119,180,950,969]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">Weight</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09E88FC09FE2BFC3C" box="[221,434,950,969]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">427 ± 51 (330–480) 9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09F8CFC09FD36FC3C" box="[473,687,950,969]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">387 ± 62 (248–485) 16</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09C8EFC09FC3EFC3C" box="[731,935,950,969]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">335 ± 56 (260–410) 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE74EB09D86FC09FB31FC3C" box="[979,1192,950,969]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">325 ± 59 (270–430) 7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<tableNote id="76C48D9AFFE7B1659E39FC64FEA2FA91" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" targetBox="[119,1192,323,969]" targetPageId="42">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE7B1659E39FC64FC8EFBD1" blockId="42.[108,1212,987,1380]" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<superScript id="7C57215CFFE7B1659E39FC64FFEBFC12" attach="left" box="[108,114,987,999]" fontSize="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">a</superScript>
|
||
The mean plus or minus one standard deviation, the observed range (in parentheses), and the sample size for measurements of the following series (from French Guiana, Guyana, Surinam, and Amapá):AMNH 266450, 267009, 267010; MNHN 1995.906; ROM 33051, 119571; USNM 393548, 393553, 461456, 461457, 545544, 548440.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE7B1659E38FB94FED8FB5C" blockId="42.[108,1212,987,1380]" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<superScript id="7C57215CFFE7B1659E38FB94FFEDFBC2" attach="left" box="[109,116,1067,1079]" fontSize="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">b</superScript>
|
||
The mean plus or minus one standard deviation, the observed range (in parentheses), and the sample size for measurements of the following series (from southwestern Amazonia; specimens from the Yavarí-Ucayali interfluve are marked with an asterisk):AMNH 268217*, 273057*; BMNH 1.6.7.69, 1.6.7.71; FMNH 20798, 24788, 75097, 75098, 169803, 174437, 174441; MSB 70283; MUSM 11054*, 15309*; MVZ 136383, 157634, 166501, 166504, 190287, 190288, 190297; USNM 364161, 390039, 390040, 499009, 546190.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE7B1659E38FB0EFDDDFB0C" blockId="42.[108,1212,987,1380]" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<superScript id="7C57215CFFE7B1659E38FB0EFFEAFB48" attach="left" box="[109,115,1201,1213]" fontSize="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">c</superScript>
|
||
The mean plus or minus one standard deviation, the observed range (in parentheses), and the sample size for measurements of the following series (from French Guiana, Guyana, Surinam, and Amapá): AMNH 266435, 266440, 266449, 266455; MNHN 1995.907; ROM 32459, 34252, 111938; USNM 393544.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE7B1659E39FABFFEA2FA91" blockId="42.[108,1212,987,1380]" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<superScript id="7C57215CFFE7B1659E39FABFFFEAFAF9" attach="left" box="[108,115,1280,1292]" fontSize="5" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">d</superScript>
|
||
The mean plus or minus one standard deviation, the observed range (in parentheses), and the sample size for measurements of the following series (from southwestern Amazonia; specimens from the Yavarí-Ucayali interfluve are marked with an asterisk): AMNH 272780*; BMNH 1.6.7.72–1.6.7.74; FMNH 18206, 20795, 84248, 87128; MVZ 136384, 166505, 190296, 190299; USNM 390036, 546191.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE7B1659E39FA3FFC4EF934" blockId="42.[108,637,1408,1730]" lastBlockId="42.[684,1213,1408,1730]" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">
|
||
and almost parallel-sided zygomatic arches. In ventral view, the maxillopalatine fenestrae are much shorter and narrower in southwestern Amazonian specimens than in typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE7B1659C4EFA5BFF49F9E9" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE7B1659C4EFA5BFF49F9E9" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(fig. 14), and statistical comparisons of fenestral length and width confirm that these visually obvious differences are highly significant (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE7B1659EA3F9D7FE9AF98A" box="[246,259,1640,1663]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">p</emphasis>
|
||
<0.0001 by two-tailed Student’s
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE7B1659E3BF936FFEFF955" box="[110,118,1673,1696]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">t</emphasis>
|
||
tests). Although subtle differences in the dentition also appear to distinguish southwest- ern Amazonian specimens from typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE7B1659AC8FA3EFCDCFA4C" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE7B1659AC8FA3EFCDCFA4C" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the only dental character that we were able to score with confidence was size of the entoconid. This is a small cusp, subequal to or sometimes smaller than the paraconid on unworn m1–m
|
||
<quantity id="4CDA21F1FFE7B1659D92F99AFC6DF9C8" box="[967,1012,1573,1597]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE7B1659DA8F999FB25F9C8" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[1021,1212,1573,1597]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="42" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE7B1659DA8F999FB25F9C8" box="[1021,1212,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="42">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(fig. 15A), but it is a large cusp, substantially bulkier than the paraconid and almost equal in size to the hypoconid in southwestern Amazonian specimens (fig. 15B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E2AD95FFFFE6B1649C0EFF5DFB22FB7B" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE6B1649C0EFF5DFD55FF0C" blockId="43.[603,716,225,250]" box="[603,716,225,250]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<heading id="D0D53B78FFE6B1649C0EFF5DFD55FF0C" box="[603,716,225,250]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" reason="4">TABLE 15</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE6B1649F00FEAEFC4AFED2" blockId="43.[341,979,273,295]" box="[341,979,273,295]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<tableNote id="76C48D9AFFE6B1649F00FEAEFC4AFED2" box="[341,979,273,295]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[117,1041,323,526]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
Diagnostic Traits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649C70FEAEFCB8FED2" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[549,801,273,295]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649C70FEAEFCB8FED2" bold="true" box="[549,801,273,295]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Metachirus nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649D01FEADFC4AFED2" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[852,979,274,295]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">M. myosuros</taxonomicName>
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE6B1649F2FFEFBFC29FDFB" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<table id="F9227EB4FFE64EB09E20FEFCFB88FDFB" box="[117,1041,323,526]" gridcols="3" gridrows="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09E20FEFCFB88FEA3" box="[117,1041,323,342]" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09F07FEFCFDABFEA3" box="[338,562,323,342]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649F2FFEFBFD93FEA3" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[378,522,323,342]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649F2FFEFBFD93FEA3" box="[378,522,323,342]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D73FEFCFB88FEA3" box="[806,1041,323,342]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649D33FEFBFC48FEA3" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[870,977,324,342]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649D33FEFBFC48FEA3" box="[870,977,324,342]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">M. myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09E20FED7FB88FE89" box="[117,1041,360,380]" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09E20FED7FF64FE89" box="[117,253,360,380]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Temporal crests</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09F07FED7FDABFE89" box="[338,562,360,380]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">usually weakly convergent</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D73FED7FB88FE89" box="[806,1041,360,380]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">usually strongly convergent</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09E20FE32FB88FE55" box="[117,1041,397,416]" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09E20FE32FF64FE55" box="[117,253,397,416]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Sagittal crest</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09F07FE32FDABFE55" box="[338,562,397,416]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">usually absent</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D73FE32FB88FE55" box="[806,1041,397,416]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">usually present</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09E20FE0EFB88FE30" box="[117,1041,433,453]" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09E20FE0EFF64FE30" box="[117,253,433,453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Length MPFa</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09F07FE0EFDABFE30" box="[338,562,433,453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
10.1 ± 0.9 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649FB3FE0DFE6CFE31" box="[486,501,434,452]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 19)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D73FE0EFB88FE30" box="[806,1041,433,453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
6.5 ± 1.3 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649DEFFE0DFC50FE31" box="[954,969,434,452]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 34)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09E20FE69FB88FE1F" box="[117,1041,470,490]" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09E20FE69FF64FE1F" box="[117,253,470,490]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Width MPFa</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09F07FE69FDABFE1F" box="[338,562,470,490]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
2.8 ± 0.3 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649FB4FE68FE69FE1C" box="[481,496,471,489]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 19)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D73FE69FB88FE1F" box="[806,1041,470,490]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
1.4 ± 0.6 mm (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649DEFFE68FC50FE1C" box="[954,969,471,489]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 34)
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09E20FE44FB88FDFB" box="[117,1041,507,526]" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09E20FE44FF64FDFB" box="[117,253,507,526]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Entoconids</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09F07FE44FDABFDFB" box="[338,562,507,526]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">small</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D73FE44FB88FDFB" box="[806,1041,507,526]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">large</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE6B1649E3EFD9EFBD8FDA5" blockId="43.[107,1191,545,592]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<tableNote id="76C48D9AFFE6B1649E3EFD9EFBD8FDA5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[117,1041,323,526]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
<superScript id="7C57215CFFE6B1649E3EFD9EFFE8FDD8" attach="left" box="[107,113,545,557]" fontSize="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">a</superScript>
|
||
MPF = maxillopalatine fenestrae; only one fenestra, either the right or the left, was measured per specimen. Tabulated statistics are the sample mean plus or minus one standard deviation computed from adult measurements of both sexes.
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE6B1649ED8FD39FE14F935" blockId="43.[108,638,646,1728]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
To supplement our morphological comparisons, we sequenced the entire mitochondrial gene encoding cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649FEEFD77FE51FD15" box="[443,456,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">b</emphasis>
|
||
from ethanolpreserved tissues of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D24479DFFE6B1649F02FD56FE69FCF4" box="[343,496,745,769]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" type="generic">29 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649C4FFD56FF16FCD7" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1854" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649C4FFD56FF16FCD7" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Metachirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from 27 localities in Central and South America representing most of the nominal taxa currently treated as synonyms or subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649E38FCD2FE1EFC70" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[109,391,877,901]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649E38FCD2FE1EFC70" box="[109,391,877,901]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Metachirus nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(fig. 16, appendix 4). The best-fitting topology obtained from maximum-likelihood analysis of this dataset (fig. 17) recovered a strongly supported basal dichotomy between sequences from northeastern Amazonia (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649F73FBACFE41FBDE" box="[294,472,1043,1067]" name="French Guiana" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649FBDFBACFDDBFBDE" box="[488,578,1043,1067]" name="Guyana" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649E39FB8BFF57FBB9" box="[108,206,1076,1100]" name="Suriname" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Surinam</collectingCountry>
|
||
) and those from elsewhere in the geographic range of the genus; uncorrected pairwise distances across this basal split are about 11.2%, on average, and are much larger than any others we obtained from these data (table 16). The mtDNA haplogroup that includes our sequenced vouchers (“SW Amazonia”) also includes sequences from southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649FA4FAA3FDBCFAC6" box="[497,549,1308,1331]" name="Peru" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE6B1649C66FAA4FDE2FAC6" box="[563,635,1307,1331]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE6B1649EF4FA83FECAFAA1" box="[161,339,1340,1364]" country="Peru" name="Madre de Dios" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Madre de Dios</collectingRegion>
|
||
), eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649F93FA83FD8CFAA1" box="[454,533,1340,1364]" name="Bolivia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE6B1649C7DFA83FF2EFA80" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE6B1649EA0FAE1FEDFFA80" box="[245,326,1373,1397]" country="Bolivia" name="La Paz" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">La Paz</collectingRegion>
|
||
), and western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649FA7FAE2FDADFA80" box="[498,564,1373,1397]" name="Brazil" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE6B1649C10FAE2FDE2FA80" box="[581,635,1373,1397]" country="Brazil" name="Acre" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Acre</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Amazonas). Uncorrected pairwise distances within this group are uniformly small (about 1.4% on average), and visual inspection of the gene tree suggests that there is little (if any) internal phylogeographic structure. Sister to this clade is a group of sequences from the Atlantic Forest of southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649FADF9FAFDA7F9A8" box="[504,574,1605,1629]" name="Brazil" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and these two haplogroups are sister to a clade that includes sequences from northwestern Amazonia and Central America.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE6B1649C99FD39FB22FB7B" blockId="43.[684,1214,646,1166]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Although a comprehensive revision of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649CF9FD18FCBAFD4A" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1854" box="[684,803,679,703]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649CF9FD18FCBAFD4A" box="[684,803,679,703]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Metachirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is beyond the scope of this report, the results described in the preceding paragraphs clearly suggest that our southwestern Amazonian material is specifically distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649A6DFCB4FD7FFCB6" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649A6DFCB4FD7FFCB6" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which, based on specimens we personally examined (see below), seems to be endemic to northeastern Amazonia (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649D9DFCD2FBECFC70" box="[968,1141,877,901]" name="French Guiana" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649AD1FCD2FD4DFC53" name="Guyana" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649C8AFC31FCA7FC53" box="[735,830,910,934]" name="Suriname" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Surinam</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the Brazilian state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE6B1649A0BFC31FB2BFC53" box="[1118,1202,910,934]" country="Brazil" name="Amapa" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Amapá</collectingRegion>
|
||
). Of the many nominal taxa currently referred to the genus (table 17), the oldest that applies to our material is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649D70FC4DFC35FBFC" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[805,940,1010,1033]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649D70FC4DFC35FBFC" box="[805,940,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">M. myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is based on a
|
||
<typeStatus id="549932B6FFE6B1649AC1FC4EFD68FBDE" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
from southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649D9CFBACFB92FBDE" box="[969,1035,1043,1067]" name="Brazil" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Specimens that we examined from southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE6B1649A75FB8BFBF9FBB9" box="[1056,1120,1076,1100]" name="Brazil" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(mostly from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE6B1649CB2FBEAFCE7FB98" box="[743,894,1109,1133]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE6B1649DE7FBEAFB85FB98" box="[946,1052,1109,1133]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
at the AMNH, FMNH, and USNM; not listed below) closely
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
<subSection id="E2AD95FFFFE6B1619D29FB7EFB15FA15" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE6B1649D29FB7EFC74FB2D" blockId="43.[892,1005,1216,1241]" box="[892,1005,1216,1241]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<heading id="D0D53B78FFE6B1649D29FB7EFC74FB2D" box="[892,1005,1216,1241]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" reason="4">TABLE 16</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE6B1649CEEFB4FFB23FAEF" blockId="43.[687,1210,1264,1315]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<tableNote id="76C48D9AFFE6B1649CEEFB4FFB23FAEF" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[695,1199,1344,1584]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649CEEFB4FFB2AFAD6" bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Percent Uncorrected Sequence Divergence within and among Species and Haplogroups of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649A10FAB2FB2AFAD6" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1854" box="[1093,1203,1293,1315]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649A10FAB2FB2AFAD6" bold="true" box="[1093,1203,1293,1315]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">Metachirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<superScript id="7C57215CFFE6B1649AE6FAB3FB23FAEF" attach="left" box="[1203,1210,1292,1306]" fontSize="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">a</superScript>
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE6B1649D18FAEDFB37F9C5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<table id="F9227EB4FFE64EB09CE2FAFFFB36F9C5" box="[695,1199,1344,1584]" gridcols="6" gridrows="6" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09CE2FAFFFB36FA8D" box="[695,1199,1344,1400]" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D18FAFFFC26FA8D" box="[845,959,1344,1400]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649D18FAEDFC26FA90" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[845,959,1362,1381]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649D18FAEDFC26FA90" box="[845,959,1362,1381]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D81FAFFFC66FA8D" box="[980,1023,1344,1400]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">SWA</th>
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09A4DFAFFFBE4FA8D" box="[1048,1149,1344,1400]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649A4EFAFFFBE4FA8D" authority="AF NWA" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649A4EFAFFFBF0FAA7" box="[1051,1129,1344,1362]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
AF NWA
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09AC7FAFFFB36FA8D" box="[1170,1199,1344,1400]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">CA</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09CE2FA36FB36FA69" box="[695,1199,1417,1436]" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09CE2FA36FCAEFA69" box="[695,823,1417,1436]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649CE2FA36FCB0FA69" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[695,809,1417,1436]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649CE2FA36FCB0FA69" box="[695,809,1417,1436]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D18FA36FC26FA69" box="[845,959,1417,1436]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649D2DFA36FC0AFA69" bold="true" box="[888,915,1417,1436]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">0.8</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09CE2FA11FB36FA37" box="[695,1199,1454,1474]" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09CE2FA11FCAEFA37" box="[695,823,1454,1474]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649CE2FA10FCAFFA37" authority="SWA" authorityName="SWA" box="[695,822,1455,1474]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649CE2FA10FC9CFA34" box="[695,773,1455,1473]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
SWA
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D18FA11FC26FA37" box="[845,959,1454,1474]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">10.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D81FA11FC66FA37" box="[980,1023,1454,1474]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649D89FA11FC6EFA34" bold="true" box="[988,1015,1454,1473]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">1.4</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09CE2FA6CFB36FA13" box="[695,1199,1491,1510]" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09CE2FA6CFCAEFA13" box="[695,823,1491,1510]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649CE2FA6BFCBCFA13" authority="AF" authorityName="AF" box="[695,805,1491,1510]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649CE2FA6BFC9CFA13" box="[695,773,1492,1510]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
AF
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D18FA6CFC26FA13" box="[845,959,1491,1510]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">11.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D81FA6CFC66FA13" box="[980,1023,1491,1510]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">5.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09A4DFA6CFBAAFA13" box="[1048,1075,1491,1510]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649A4DFA6CFBAAFA13" bold="true" box="[1048,1075,1491,1510]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">1.3</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09CE2FA47FB36F9FE" box="[695,1199,1528,1547]" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09CE2FA47FCAEF9FE" box="[695,823,1528,1547]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649CE2FA46FCAEF9FE" authority="NWA" authorityName="NWA" box="[695,823,1528,1547]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649CE2FA46FC9BF9FE" box="[695,770,1529,1547]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
NWA
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D18FA47FC26F9FE" box="[845,959,1528,1547]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">11.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D81FA47FC66F9FE" box="[980,1023,1528,1547]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">7.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09A4DFA47FBAAF9FE" box="[1048,1075,1528,1547]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">7.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09A02FA47FBE4F9FE" box="[1111,1149,1528,1547]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649A02FA47FBEBF9FE" bold="true" box="[1111,1138,1528,1547]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">0.3</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35128E56FFE64EB09CE2F9A2FB36F9C5" box="[695,1199,1565,1584]" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<th id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09CE2F9A2FCAEF9C5" box="[695,823,1565,1584]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE6B1649CE2F9A1FCB1F9C5" authority="CA" authorityName="CA" box="[695,808,1565,1584]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649CE2F9A1FC9CF9C5" box="[695,773,1566,1584]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
CA
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D18F9A2FC26F9C5" box="[845,959,1565,1584]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">11.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09D81F9A2FC66F9C5" box="[980,1023,1565,1584]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">6.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09A4DF9A2FBAAF9C5" box="[1048,1075,1565,1584]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">7.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09A02F9A2FBE4F9C5" box="[1111,1149,1565,1584]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">6.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76C3E72AFFE64EB09AC7F9A2FB36F9C5" box="[1170,1199,1565,1584]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">4.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE6B1649CF9F9FDFCC0F934" blockId="43.[684,1200,1602,1729]" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<tableNote id="76C48D9AFFE6B1649CF9F9FDFCC0F934" pageId="43" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[695,1199,1344,1584]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
<superScript id="7C57215CFFE6B1649CF9F9FDFD2BF9BB" attach="left" box="[684,690,1602,1614]" fontSize="5" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">a</superScript>
|
||
At the cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE6B1649D3DF9FCFCEBF9A3" box="[872,882,1603,1622]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="43">b</emphasis>
|
||
locus; diagonal elements (in boldface) are mean uncorrected within-group distances. Haplogroup abbreviations: AF, Atlantic Forest; CA, Central America; NWA, northwestern Amazonia; SWA, southwestern Amazonia.
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5DDC9CFFE1B1639E3EFBEAFBDCFB7C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414918" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5414918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5414918/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" startId="44.[107,149,1109,1130]" targetBox="[192,1137,227,1072]" targetPageId="44">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE1B1639E3EFBEAFBDCFB7C" blockId="44.[107,1212,1107,1161]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">
|
||
FIG. 13. Dorsal cranial views of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639F94FBECFE40FB9E" bold="true" box="[449,473,1107,1131]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">A,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE1B1639FB4FBECFD7BFB9E" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[481,738,1107,1131]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639FB4FBECFD7BFB9E" box="[481,738,1107,1131]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">Metachirus nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMNH 267009, an adult male from French Guiana) and
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639EA7FBCEFE90FB7C" bold="true" box="[242,265,1137,1161]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">B,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE1B1639F5BFBCDFE17FB7C" box="[270,398,1138,1161]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639F5BFBCDFE17FB7C" box="[270,398,1138,1161]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">M. myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMNH 273057, an adult male from the Yavarí-Ucayali interfluve).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE1B1639E39FB7EFEFBF9B0" blockId="44.[108,637,1217,1737]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">
|
||
resemble our material from southwestern Amazonia in all the traits previously discussed, which we regard as diagnostic of the species. Because
|
||
<typeStatus id="549932B6FFE1B1639E39FA9AFF3CFAC8" box="[108,165,1317,1341]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">types</typeStatus>
|
||
and other material of the remaining nominal taxa currently referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE1B1639F95FAFAFDA0FAA8" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1854" box="[448,569,1349,1373]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639F95FAFAFDA0FAA8" box="[448,569,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">Metachirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
more closely resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE1B1639F7DFAD8FE2AFA8B" box="[296,435,1383,1406]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639F7DFAD8FE2AFA8B" box="[296,435,1383,1406]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">M. myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE1B1639FA0FAD8FF3FFA6A" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639FA0FAD8FF3FFA6A" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we provisionally treat them as junior synonyms of the former species; all are based on seemingly minor coat-color differences, and none appears to exhibit morphometric traits that exceed the range of variation in our southwestern Amazonian series.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE1B1629ED9F9F1FC36FEC9" blockId="44.[108,637,1217,1737]" lastBlockId="45.[684,1214,226,1738]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">
|
||
The absence of any sequence data from southeastern Amazonia (south of the Amazon and east of the Rio Madeira) is a major hiatus in our genetic sampling, so only phenotypic traits are available for identification of the populations that occur there. Specimens from localities on the right (east) bank of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE1B1639D91FABCFBB7FAEE" box="[964,1070,1283,1307]" country="Brazil" name="Tocantins" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">Tocantins</collectingRegion>
|
||
(e.g., Baião, Belém, Bragança, and Capim; at the AMNH and USNM) exhibit all the diagnostic craniodental traits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE1B1639D56FAD9FC46FA8B" box="[771,991,1382,1406]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639D56FAD9FC46FA8B" box="[771,991,1382,1406]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">Metachirus myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas those from the Tocantins-Xingu interfluve are morphologically distinctive (e.g., with large maxillopalatine fenestrae and small entoconids like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE1B1639A74FA75FD52F9F7" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639A74FA75FD52F9F7" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but with strongly convergent temporalis scars like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE1B1639C8FF9B3FCF9F9D6" box="[730,864,1548,1571]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639C8FF9B3FCF9F9D6" box="[730,864,1548,1571]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">M. myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFE1B1639D2DF9B3FBDCF9D1" author="Patton, J. L. & M. N. F. da Silva & J. R. Malcolm" box="[888,1093,1548,1572]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 306" refId="ref48143" refString="Patton, J. L., M. N. F. da Silva, and J. R. Malcolm. 2000. Mammals of the Rio Jurua and the evolutionary and ecological diversification of Amazonia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 244: 1 - 306." type="journal article" year="2000">Patton et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported a highly divergent cytochrome
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639DB4F992FC77F9B0" box="[993,1006,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">b</emphasis>
|
||
sequence from this region, but we have not seen the voucher specimen (in Manaus), nor was this sequence included in a subsequent analyses of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE1B1639D85F92FFBDCF95D" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1854" box="[976,1093,1680,1704]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE1B1639D85F92FFBDCF95D" box="[976,1093,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="44">Metachirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mitochondrial DNA (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB3F1E5FFE1B1639D65F90EFBAFF93C" author="Costa, L. P. & J. L. Patton" box="[816,1078,1713,1737]" pageId="44" pageNumber="44" pagination="321 - 341" refId="ref45358" refString="Costa, L. P., and J. L. Patton. 2006. Diversidade e limites geograficos e sistematicos de marsupiais brasileiros. In: Caceres, N. C., and E. L. A. Monteiro-Filho (editors), Os marsupiais do Brasil: 321 - 341. Campo Grande: Editora UFMS." type="book chapter" year="2006">Costa and Patton, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Additional sequence data from this region would be very welcome, as would a careful assessment of associated morphological material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE0B1629C98FEFAFC3BFE14" blockId="45.[684,1214,226,1738]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
ETHNOBIOLOGY: The Matses do not distinguish this species from other “four-eyed” opossums (all known as cheka bëbëdi; see the account for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE0B1629C86FE17FCA2FE35" baseAuthorityName="Voss and Jansa" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[723,827,424,448]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Philander" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="45" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629C86FE17FCA2FE35" box="[723,827,424,448]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Philander</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, below) and therefore have no particular beliefs about it.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE0B1629C98FE55FBDEFDD6" blockId="45.[684,1214,226,1738]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">MATSES NATURAL HISTORY: The Matses have no definite knowledge of this species.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE0B1629C99FD93FC34FC07" blockId="45.[684,1214,226,1738]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
REMARKS: Of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D24479DFFE0B1629DDAFD93FBB8FDB1" box="[911,1057,556,580]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45" type="generic">11 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE0B1629A10FD93FC96FD90" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="45" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629A10FD93FC96FD90" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Metachirus myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for which we have capture information, seven were trapped on the ground or near ground level (one was trapped on a fallen log), two were shot on the ground at night, one was caught by hand in the daytime as it ran out of a leaf nest on the ground, and another was caught by hand on the ground in the late afternoon as it was eating fallen guavas. One trapped specimen is also known to have been captured in the daytime (between 06:30 and 15:00 hours). Four of these specimens were taken in primary upland forest, whereas seven were in secondary growth (abandoned swiddens).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE0B1619C98FC44FDC0FA6A" blockId="45.[684,1214,226,1738]" lastBlockId="46.[107,637,1315,1736]" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED FROM SW AMA- ZONIA (TOTAL = 39):
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629DDAFBA3FC45FBC1" bold="true" box="[911,988,1052,1076]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE0B1629DDAFBA3FC45FBC1" box="[911,988,1052,1076]" name="Bolivia" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629DA0FBA3FB1BFBC1" box="[1013,1154,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE0B1629DA0FBA3FBE7FBC1" box="[1013,1150,1052,1076]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Cavernas de Repechón (MSB 70283);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629A0AFB81FB25FBA0" box="[1119,1212,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE0B1629A0AFB81FB21FBA0" box="[1119,1208,1086,1109]" country="Bolivia" name="La Paz" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">La Paz</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Chulumani (BMNH 1.6.7.69–1.6.7.74 [type series of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629C9CFBC0FCABFB62" box="[713,818,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">bolivianus</emphasis>
|
||
]).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629D06FBC0FC0CFB62" bold="true" box="[851,917,1151,1175]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE0B1629D06FBC0FC0CFB62" box="[851,917,1151,1175]" name="Brazil" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629DF8FB3FFC7BFB62" box="[941,994,1152,1175]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE0B1629DF8FB3FFC47FB62" box="[941,990,1152,1175]" country="Brazil" name="Acre" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Acre</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Nova Vida on right bank Rio Juruá (MVZ 190296, 190297), Sena Madureira (USNM 546190, 546191);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629A5FFB7DFBE4FB2C" box="[1034,1149,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Amazonas,</emphasis>
|
||
Condor on left bank Rio Juruá (MVZ 190288), Penedo on right bank Rio Juruá (MVZ 190287), Vira Volta on left bank Rio Juruá (MVZ 190299);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629A6AFA9AFB33FAC8" box="[1087,1194,1317,1341]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE0B1629A6AFA9AFB3CFAC8" box="[1087,1189,1317,1341]" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Rondônia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CDA21F1FFE0B1629AFAFA9AFD49FAAB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
N Porto Velho (USNM 390034, 390035).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629CF9FAD8FD46FA8A" bold="true" box="[684,735,1383,1407]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE0B1629CF9FAD8FD46FA8A" box="[684,735,1383,1407]" name="Peru" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629CADFAD8FCA5FA8B" box="[760,828,1383,1406]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE0B1629CADFAD8FCA0FA8B" box="[760,825,1383,1406]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Consuelo (FMNH 174437, 174441), Huajyumbe (FMNH 84248), Kiteni on Río Urubamba (MVZ 166505), Quincemil (FMNH 75097, 75098);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629D30FA74FC3FFA17" box="[869,934,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE0B1629D30FA74FC38FA17" box="[869,929,1483,1506]" country="Peru" name="Junin" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Junín</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Chanchamayo (FMNH 18206), San Ramón (FMNH 20795, 20798);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629A20FA53FB25F9F6" box="[1141,1212,1516,1539]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE0B1629A20FA53FB2EF9F6" box="[1141,1207,1516,1539]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Santa Elena on Río Samiria (FMNH 87128);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629A2DF9B3FC9AF9B0" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE0B1629A2DF9B3FD67F9B0" country="Peru" name="Madre de Dios" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Madre de Dios</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Hacienda Érica (MVZ 166501, 166504), “Inambari River” (BMNH 2.7.27.8 [
|
||
<typeStatus id="549932B6FFE0B1629A6EF9F1FB05F993" box="[1083,1180,1614,1638]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629CF9F9CFFC99F97D" box="[684,768,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">infuscus</emphasis>
|
||
]), Lago Sandoval (MVZ 157634), Puerto Maldonado (USNM 390040),
|
||
<quantity id="4CDA21F1FFE0B1629DBCF92EFBB9F95D" box="[1001,1056,1680,1705]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
S Puerto Maldonado (USNM 390036),
|
||
<quantity id="4CDA21F1FFE0B1629D95F90DFC6EF93F" box="[960,1015,1714,1738]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
|
||
W Puerto Maldo- nado (USNM 390039), 2.75 km E Shintuya (FMNH 169803);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619E9BFAFAFE94FAA9" box="[206,269,1349,1372]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE3B1619E9BFAFAFE90FAA9" box="[206,265,1349,1372]" country="Peru" name="Pasco" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">Pasco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Pozuzo (FMNH 24788), San Juan (USNM 364161);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619F63FADAFE12FA88" box="[310,395,1381,1405]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE3B1619F63FADAFE1EFA88" box="[310,391,1381,1405]" country="Peru" name="Ucayali" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">Ucayali</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Balta (MVZ 136383, 136384),
|
||
<quantity id="4CDA21F1FFE3B1619E99FA39FE96FA6B" box="[204,271,1414,1438]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="46" pageNumber="46" unit="km" value="59.0">59 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Pucallpa (USNM 499009).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5DDC9CFFE0B1629E39F9E4FDBBF93C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414920" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5414920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5414920/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="45" startId="45.[108,150,1627,1648]" targetBox="[121,599,236,1589]" targetPageId="45">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE0B1629E39F9E4FDBBF93C" blockId="45.[108,637,1625,1737]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">
|
||
FIG. 14. Ventral views of palates of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629FBFF9E6FD9AF984" bold="true" box="[490,515,1625,1649]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">A,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE0B1629C59F9E6FF6AF97A" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="45" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629C59F9E6FF6AF97A" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">Metachirus nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMNH 266449) and
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629FB5F9C8FE6FF97A" bold="true" box="[480,502,1655,1679]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">B,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE0B1629FA9F9C8FDE5F97B" box="[508,636,1655,1678]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="45" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629FA9F9C8FDE5F97B" box="[508,636,1655,1678]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">M. myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MUSM 15309) illustrating species divergence in size of the maxillopalatine fenestrae (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE0B1629FBCF90EFD8DF93C" bold="true" box="[489,532,1713,1737]" pageId="45" pageNumber="45">mpf</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF5DDC9CFFE3B1619E39FB02FBD9FB05" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5414924" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5414924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5414924/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="46" startId="46.[108,150,1213,1234]" targetBox="[108,1212,224,1183]" targetPageId="46">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE3B1619E39FB02FBD9FB05" blockId="46.[108,1210,1211,1264]" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">
|
||
FIG. 15. Lingual views of lower molars of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619C41FB04FDB5FB26" bold="true" box="[532,556,1211,1235]" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">A,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE3B1619C67FB03FD42FB26" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[562,731,1211,1235]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="46" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619C67FB03FD42FB26" box="[562,731,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">M. nudicaudatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMNH 266451) and
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619D96FB04FC40FB26" bold="true" box="[963,985,1211,1235]" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">B,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE3B1619D8BFB03FBC7FB26" box="[990,1118,1212,1235]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="46" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myosuros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619D8BFB03FBC7FB26" box="[990,1118,1212,1235]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">M. myosuros</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMNH 268218) illustrating species divergence in relative size of the entoconid (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619D19FB67FCFCFB05" bold="true" box="[844,869,1240,1264]" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">en</emphasis>
|
||
) and paraconid (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619A4DFB67FBABFB05" bold="true" box="[1048,1074,1240,1264]" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">pa</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9D8C14FFE3B1619ED8FA17FB15FA15" blockId="46.[107,637,1315,1736]" lastBlockId="46.[684,1212,1315,1505]" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">
|
||
SPECIMENS OF
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C22F797FFE3B1619F69FA17FDE5FA4A" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[316,636,1448,1471]" class="Mammalia" family="Didelphidae" genus="Metachirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Didelphimorphia" pageId="46" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nudicaudatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619F69FA17FDE5FA4A" box="[316,636,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">METACHIRUS NUDICAUDATUS</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
EXAMINED (TOTAL = 33):
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619F23FA77FE56FA15" bold="true" box="[374,463,1480,1504]" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE3B1619F23FA77FE2EFA15" box="[374,439,1480,1504]" name="Brazil" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619F9AFA76FD94FA15" box="[463,525,1481,1504]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">Amap</emphasis>
|
||
á, Serra do Navio (USNM 393544–393553, 461456, 461457, 545544, 546189).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619F1BF9B4FDBBF9D7" bold="true" box="[334,546,1546,1571]" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">French Guiana—</emphasis>
|
||
Paracou (AMNH 266435, 266440, 266449, 266450, 266455, 267009, 267010; MNHN 1995.906, 1995.907), “River Arataye” (USNM 548440).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619FB4F9D1FDC9F973" bold="true" box="[481,592,1646,1670]" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE3B1619FB4F9D1FDAFF973" box="[481,566,1646,1670]" name="Guyana" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619C1AF9D0FEA8F952" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE3B1619C1AF9D0FEB4F952" country="Guyana" name="East Berbice-Corentyne" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">East Berbice-Corentyne</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Amuku Creek (ROM 34252);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619E39F90FFE8CF932" box="[108,277,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE3B1619E39F90FFE88F932" box="[108,273,1712,1735]" country="Guyana" name="Potaro-Siparuni" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">Potaro-Siparuni</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Iwokrama Forest (ROM 111938);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619CFBFA9BFC87FACE" box="[686,798,1316,1339]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">Rupununi,</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CDA21F1FFE3B1619D7FFA9CFCF7FACE" box="[810,878,1315,1339]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.828032" pageId="46" pageNumber="46" unit="mi" value="30.0">30 mi</quantity>
|
||
E Dadanawa (ROM 32459), Kwitaro River (ROM 33051).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619DA9FAFBFBEFFAA9" bold="true" box="[1020,1142,1348,1372]" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F335CC84FFE3B1619DA9FAFBFBC2FAA9" box="[1020,1115,1348,1372]" name="Suriname" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">Surinam</collectingCountry>
|
||
—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619A20FAFBFD6BFA88" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE3B1619A20FAFBFD77FA88" country="Suriname" name="Brokopondo" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">Brokopondo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Brownsberg Nature Park (ROM 114155);
|
||
<emphasis id="B9565006FFE3B1619CF9FA39FC82FA6B" box="[684,795,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E642F6FFE3B1619CF9FA39FC8EFA6B" box="[684,791,1414,1438]" country="Suriname" name="Sipaliwini" pageId="46" pageNumber="46">Sipaliwini</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Bakhuis Transect 9 (ROM 117030), Bakhuis Transect 11 (ROM 117525), Iconja Landing (ROM 120317), Tafelberg (ROM 119571).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |