144 lines
15 KiB
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144 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="FAF97C479ED133B9F7A43FC593027591" ID-DOI="10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1" ID-ISSN="1536-9307" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13237351" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1721353212353" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Soleglad, Michael E. & Fet, Victor" docDate="2003" docId="038A87D5D710F515FC9F5A28FAD650F5" docLanguage="en" docName="Euscorpius.11.1-175.pdf" docOrigin="Euscorpius 2003 (11)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A.3:Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="05AD4CDCECA6C90C60787CEF3EC4672A" docStyleName="Euscorpius.2002-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Buthoidea C. L. Koch 1837" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="89" masterDocId="FFB3FFADD74CF549FFA15E77FFB0560F" masterDocTitle="High-level systematics and phylogeny of the extant scorpions (Scorpiones: Orthosterni)" masterLastPageNumber="175" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="89" updateTime="1722954143772" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B3A174E3D08562481894078A427E6482">High-level systematics and phylogeny of the extant scorpions (Scorpiones: Orthosterni)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4F9B62865A74667199B19118036F1ECF">Soleglad, Michael E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="88CCA691963942F5DB50F5908A0F7FD1">Fet, Victor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C22C651574623C173685BE9D89B45A2B">Euscorpius</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AA96CC241C2EABC66D5D1CCEC9EEC5D9">
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<mods:date id="57F8D696E8906D3C9D5D55DC29BAD80B">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C1984F3EE79201164217AD79700F7EE4">2003-12-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="51A33D16AC9CC98457088BB396DAF153">2003</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BAA4EABC88A71AA9786FCEFBE96F5985">11</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BC233158A97A2407BAC1CB039D9E18C4" type="DOI">10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038A87D5D710F515FC9F5A28FAD650F5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12785177" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12785177" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87D5D710F515FC9F5A28FAD650F5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A87D5D710F515FC9F5A28FAD650F5" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D710F515FC9F5A28FABC5279" box="[830,1292,1119,1142]" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D710F515FC9F5A28FABC5279" blockId="92.[830,1440,1119,1786]" box="[830,1292,1119,1142]" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">
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<heading id="D0D481AFD710F515FC9F5A28FABC5279" box="[830,1292,1119,1142]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" reason="5">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D710F515FC9F5A28FABC5279" bold="true" box="[830,1292,1119,1142]" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">
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Superfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FC735A28FABC5279" authority="C. L. Koch, 1837" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" box="[978,1292,1119,1142]" class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Buthoidea">Buthoidea C. L. Koch, 1837</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D710F515FCCF5A09FBFF52FE" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D710F515FCCF5A09FB6B529A" blockId="92.[830,1440,1119,1786]" box="[878,1243,1150,1173]" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">
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<typeStatus id="54988861D710F515FCCF5A09FC13529A" box="[878,931,1150,1173]" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">Type</typeStatus>
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Genus.
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FC5E5A09FB67529A" ID-CoL="62HV6" authority="Leach, 1815" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1023,1239,1150,1173]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D710F515FC5E5A09FBF9529A" box="[1023,1097,1150,1173]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">Buthus</emphasis>
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Leach, 1815
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D710F515FCCF5AEBFBFF52FE" blockId="92.[830,1440,1119,1786]" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D710F515FCCF5AEBFBB052BC" bold="true" box="[878,1024,1180,1203]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">Composition.</emphasis>
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Following Lourenço (2000a), we include in the superfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FBEE5ACCFB0D52DD" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" box="[1103,1213,1211,1234]" class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Buthoidea">Buthoidea</taxonomicName>
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two families:
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FAFD5ACCFCD352FE" ID-CoL="7GY" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Buthidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FC365AADFBFB52FE" ID-CoL="CQQ" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1996" box="[919,1099,1242,1265]" class="Arachnida" family="Microcharmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Microcharmidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D710F515FCCF5A8FFAB853A6" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D710F515FCCF5A8FFAD15300" blockId="92.[830,1440,1119,1786]" box="[878,1377,1272,1295]" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D710F515FCCF5A8FFC435300" bold="true" box="[878,1011,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">Distribution</emphasis>
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. All continents except
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<collectingCountry id="F3347653D710F515FB4A5A8FFAEE5300" box="[1259,1374,1272,1295]" name="Antarctica" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D710F515FCCF5B60FAB853A6" blockId="92.[830,1440,1119,1786]" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D710F515FCCF5B60FBF05321" bold="true" box="[878,1088,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">Taxonomic history</emphasis>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B32D710F515FBEE5B60FABA5321" author="Stockwell" box="[1103,1290,1303,1326]" firstAuthor="Stockwell" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" refId="ref97854" refString="STOCKWELL, S. A. 1989. Revision of the Phylogeny and Higher Classification of Scorpions (Chelicerata). Ph. D. Thesis, University of Berkeley, Berkeley, California. 319 pp. (unpublished). University Microfilms International, Ann Arbor, Michigan." type="book" year="1989">Stockwell (1989)</bibRefCitation>
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included
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FAD95B60FCCF5342" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Buthidae</taxonomicName>
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as well as
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FBA85B41FB345342" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1893" box="[1033,1156,1334,1357]" class="Arachnida" family="Chaerilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chaerilidae</taxonomicName>
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in his
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FB7D5B41FAFC5342" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" box="[1244,1356,1334,1357]" class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Buthoidea">Buthoidea</taxonomicName>
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, noting that these two taxa were treated as subfamilies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FAFD5B23FCD35385" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Buthidae</taxonomicName>
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by Laurie (1896a). Here, we establish a separate parvorder and superfamily for
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FB275BE5FAB453A6" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1893" box="[1158,1284,1426,1449]" class="Arachnida" family="Chaerilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chaerilidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D710F515FCCF5BC7FB5153C8" box="[878,1249,1456,1479]" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D710F515FCCF5BC7FB5153C8" blockId="92.[830,1440,1119,1786]" box="[878,1249,1456,1479]" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D710F515FCCF5BC7FC6C53C8" bold="true" box="[878,988,1456,1479]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. See parvorder
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FB245BC7FB6D53C8" authorityName="Soleglad & Fet" authorityYear="2003" box="[1157,1245,1456,1479]" class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" parvOrder="Buthida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="parvOrder">Buthida</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3396548D710F515FCCF5BB8FAD650F5" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9C36C3D710F515FCCF5BB8FAD650F5" blockId="92.[830,1440,1119,1786]" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D710F515FCCF5BB8FC5653E9" bold="true" box="[878,998,1487,1510]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">Discussion</emphasis>
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. Monophyly of the extant
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FAB75BB8FA3453E9" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" box="[1302,1412,1487,1510]" class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Buthoidea">Buthoidea</taxonomicName>
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is well-confirmed. We do not include in
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FAA25B99FAC1500A" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" box="[1283,1393,1518,1541]" class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Buthoidea">Buthoidea</taxonomicName>
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the Cretaceous fossil taxa: family
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FB36587BFAFD502C" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[1175,1357,1548,1571]" class="Arachnida" family="Archaeobuthidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Archaeobuthidae</taxonomicName>
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(genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FC9F585CFC50504D" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2001" box="[830,992,1579,1602]" class="Arachnida" family="Archaeobuthidae" genus="Archaeobuthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D710F515FC9F585CFC50504D" box="[830,992,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">Archaeobuthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FBD8585CFAD6504D" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="2002" box="[1145,1382,1579,1602]" class="Arachnida" family="Palaeoburmesebuthidae" genus="Palaeoburmesebuthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B957EAD1D710F515FBD8585CFAD6504D" box="[1145,1382,1579,1602]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="89">Palaeoburmesebuthus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(not assigned to any family), which were placed in
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FA92583DFA10506E" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" box="[1331,1440,1610,1633]" class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Buthoidea">Buthoidea</taxonomicName>
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by Lourenço (2002a, 2003); see below for further discussion. The oldest known fossils of
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FB7E58F0FAFF5091" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" box="[1247,1359,1671,1694]" class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Buthoidea">Buthoidea</taxonomicName>
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, in our opinion, are Tertiary (Eocene/Paleocene; 65–55 Mya) genera of
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FC0F58B3FBBE50D4" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" box="[942,1038,1732,1755]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Buthidae</taxonomicName>
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from Baltic amber. The relationship between
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FC3F5894FC4E50F5" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1837" box="[926,1022,1763,1786]" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Buthidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D40D710F515FB935894FB5250F5" authorityName="Lourenco" authorityYear="1996" box="[1074,1250,1763,1786]" class="Arachnida" family="Microcharmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpiones" pageId="92" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Microcharmidae</taxonomicName>
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is not clear.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |