treatments-xml/data/03/8A/87/038A87A7FFF2FFBA71F5F927BEAE1EAE.xml

<document id="39C8B9544255BE7D3CFA68765CAF146E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5027.1.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5448088" ID-ZooBank="D8FE51C2-C34F-47CE-87FC-80BAB16C54BD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630464300981" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nazaré-Silva, Everton E. &amp; Silva, Fernando A. B." docDate="2021" docId="038A87A7FFF2FFBA71F5F927BEAE1EAE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5027.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5027 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pseudocanthon chaquensis Nazare-Silva &amp; Silva 2021, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="82" masterDocId="FFB3FFDFFFFDFFAF7162FFFBBD5A1E57" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini)" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="76" updateTime="1699280357525" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="4302452D9D7DDBAED5AF22A6FEB00E23">A taxonomic revision of the South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AF00398674D91B4DBA83586CB8D8DF6A">Nazaré-Silva, Everton E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="124B3B7AC68D5903102D862639AAFBEE">Universidade Federal do Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia da Universidade Federal do Pará e Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Campus Belém. Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01. Guamá. Belém PA 66075 - 110, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C0869A989AEC70330187A161331A7CB4">Silva, Fernando A. B.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C339653AFFF2FFA071F5F927BED718A1" box="[151,909,1756,1783]" pageId="15" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFF2FFA071F5F927BED718A1" blockId="15.[151,954,1756,1856]" box="[151,909,1756,1783]" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">
<heading id="D0D481DDFFF2FFA071F5F927BED718A1" bold="true" box="[151,909,1756,1783]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="76" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFF2FFA071F5F927BFAB18A1" ID-CoL="8NCC9" authority="Nazare-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityName="Nazare-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,753,1756,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaquensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFF2FFA071F5F927BCBB18A0" bold="true" box="[151,481,1756,1783]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">Pseudocanthon chaquensis</emphasis>
Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva
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, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457D8FFF2FFA0739CF926BED718A1" box="[766,909,1756,1783]" pageId="15" pageNumber="76" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C339653AFFF2FFA071F5F8FABEE01917" pageId="15" pageNumber="76" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFF2FFA071F5F8FABF67194C" blockId="15.[151,954,1756,1856]" box="[151,573,1793,1820]" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">
(
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFF2FFA071FDF8FABC6B194C" box="[159,305,1793,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1038,1062]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,190,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-21@3.[157,1429,181,1014]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Details of the external morphology in species of Deltochilini. A, Sylvicanthon candezei (Harold, 1869) pronotum (arrows indicate angle at lateral edge); B, Pseudocanthon chaquensis new species pronotum (arrows indicate angle at lateral edge); C, S. candezei (Harold, 1869) left elytron; D, P. chaquensis new species left elytron; E, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) hypomera (transversal carina pointed). Scale bar: 1 mm (1A, C); 0.5 mm (1B, D–E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448090/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">Figs. 1B, 1D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFF2FFA0705CF8FABC38194C" box="[318,354,1793,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[265,1315,191,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-21@11.[261,1326,181,1783]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of the external morphology in species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, P. vazdemelloi new species pronotal disc; B, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) pronotal disc; C, P. vazdemelloi new species detail of left lateral of elytron; D, P. pantanensis new species detail of left lateral of elytron (arrow indicates eighth elytral stria present); E, P. perplexus (LeConte, 1847) protibia in dorsal view (arrow indicates median emargination); F, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) protibia in dorsal view; G. P. pantanensis new species pygidium; H, P. chaquensis new species pygidium. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (2A–D); 0.2 mm (2E–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448092/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">2H</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFF2FFA0700CF8FABCD1194C" box="[366,395,1793,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1927,1951]" captionTargetBox="[292,1300,191,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[280,1307,181,1903]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 3. South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887, dorsal view. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); D, P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Scale bar: 1 mm (3A–E); 2 mm (3F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448094/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">3F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFF2FFA070F0F8FABCEE194C" box="[402,436,1793,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[171,1413,608,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-218@13.[162,1424,597,1845]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887, ventral view. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); C, P. vazdemelloi new species; D, P. pantanensis new species (arrows indicate angulation at posterior edge of metafemur); E, P. chaquensis new species (arrows indicate angulation at posterior edge of metafemur). Scale bar: 1 mm (3A–E); 2 mm (3F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448096/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">4E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFF2FFA070A2F8FABC87194B" box="[448,477,1793,1820]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[175,1410,894,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-346@16.[164,1422,885,1896]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 5. Aedeagus in South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887, lateral and ventral views, respectively. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) (arrows indicate variation at apex of parameres); D. P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">5F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFF2FFA0708BF8FABF5D194C" box="[489,519,1793,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[155,1422,192,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-21@17.[152,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Endophallites in South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); D, P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Accessory endophallite (AE). Complex of axial and subaxial (A+SA) endophallite. Frontolateral peripheral (FLP) endophallite. Superior right peripheral (SRP) endophallite. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448100/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">6F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFF2FFA07370F8FABF69194C" box="[530,563,1793,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[156,1423,190,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[155,1432,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Known distribution in South America of species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, P. perplexus (LeConte, 1847) and P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); B, P. vazdemelloi new species, P. pantanensis new species, and P. chaquensis new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448102/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">7B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<uri id="FFB23AB3FFF2FFA071F5F8DEBEE01917" box="[151,954,1829,1856]" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
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<subSubSection id="C339653AFFF2FFA071F5F89DBF99199E" pageId="15" pageNumber="76" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFF2FFA071F5F89DBF99199E" blockId="15.[151,1436,1894,2029]" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFF2FFA071F5F89DBC4219D7" bold="true" box="[151,280,1894,1920]" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">Etymology</emphasis>
. The specific name is a Latinization of the Spanish demonym “chaqueño”, which refers to the inhabitants of the 
<collectingRegion id="49E7F853FFF2FFA07183F871BC2019F3" box="[225,378,1930,1956]" country="Argentina" name="Chaco" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">Chaco region</collectingRegion>
, the place where most of the known specimens were collected. It should be treated as a Latin third-declension adjective in the nominative case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339653AFFF2FFBF71A5F829B8201FF9" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="15" pageNumber="76" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFF2FFBF71A5F829B8201FF9" blockId="15.[151,1436,1894,2029]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,151,862]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFF2FFA071A5F829BC6219BB" bold="true" box="[199,312,2002,2028]" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFF2FFA0702BF829BF2D19BB" authorityName="Nazare-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[329,631,2002,2028]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaquensis">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFF2FFA0702BF829BF2D19BB" box="[329,631,2002,2028]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">Pseudocanthon chaquensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFF2FFA07276F828BEE319BB" authorityName="Nazare-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[788,953,2003,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pantanensis">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFF2FFA07276F828BE7F19BB" box="[788,805,2003,2028]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFF2FFA07254F828BEE319BB" box="[822,953,2003,2028]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="76">pantanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the pronotum with dense, wellimpressed granulate microsculpture centrally (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF73F1FF6CBFB11EE6" box="[659,747,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[265,1315,191,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-21@11.[261,1326,181,1783]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of the external morphology in species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, P. vazdemelloi new species pronotal disc; B, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) pronotal disc; C, P. vazdemelloi new species detail of left lateral of elytron; D, P. pantanensis new species detail of left lateral of elytron (arrow indicates eighth elytral stria present); E, P. perplexus (LeConte, 1847) protibia in dorsal view (arrow indicates median emargination); F, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) protibia in dorsal view; G. P. pantanensis new species pygidium; H, P. chaquensis new species pygidium. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (2A–D); 0.2 mm (2E–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448092/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
); eighth stria of elytra extending to approximately anterior half of elytra, with shallow carina at anterior portion (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF73DAFF40BE4B1E82" box="[696,785,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[265,1315,191,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-21@11.[261,1326,181,1783]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of the external morphology in species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, P. vazdemelloi new species pronotal disc; B, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) pronotal disc; C, P. vazdemelloi new species detail of left lateral of elytron; D, P. pantanensis new species detail of left lateral of elytron (arrow indicates eighth elytral stria present); E, P. perplexus (LeConte, 1847) protibia in dorsal view (arrow indicates median emargination); F, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) protibia in dorsal view; G. P. pantanensis new species pygidium; H, P. chaquensis new species pygidium. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (2A–D); 0.2 mm (2E–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448092/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
); and posterior edge of metafemur lightly angulate at basal third, expanded towards the abdominal ventrites (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF73A1FF24BE441EAE" box="[707,798,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[171,1413,608,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-218@13.[162,1424,597,1845]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887, ventral view. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); C, P. vazdemelloi new species; D, P. pantanensis new species (arrows indicate angulation at posterior edge of metafemur); E, P. chaquensis new species (arrows indicate angulation at posterior edge of metafemur). Scale bar: 1 mm (3A–E); 2 mm (3F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448096/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Figs 4E</figureCitation>
). However, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEDFFBF72C5FF24B9181EAE" authorityName="Nazare-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[935,1090,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaquensis">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF72C5FF24BEE21EAF" box="[935,952,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF72AAFF24B9181EAE" box="[968,1090,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">chaquensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily distinguished by having pygidium completely orange (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF735EFEF8BFCD1F4A" box="[572,663,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[265,1315,191,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-21@11.[261,1326,181,1783]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of the external morphology in species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, P. vazdemelloi new species pronotal disc; B, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) pronotal disc; C, P. vazdemelloi new species detail of left lateral of elytron; D, P. pantanensis new species detail of left lateral of elytron (arrow indicates eighth elytral stria present); E, P. perplexus (LeConte, 1847) protibia in dorsal view (arrow indicates median emargination); F, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) protibia in dorsal view; G. P. pantanensis new species pygidium; H, P. chaquensis new species pygidium. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (2A–D); 0.2 mm (2E–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448092/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 2H</figureCitation>
); parameres truncate apically, with small obtuse projection at ventral edge (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF71B9FEDCBC751F16" box="[219,303,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[175,1410,894,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-346@16.[164,1422,885,1896]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 5. Aedeagus in South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887, lateral and ventral views, respectively. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) (arrows indicate variation at apex of parameres); D. P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448098/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
); frontolateral peripheral (FLP) endophallite elongate, bifurcate at inferior portion (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF75ABFEDCB8471F15" box="[1225,1309,295,322]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[155,1422,192,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-21@17.[152,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Endophallites in South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); D, P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Accessory endophallite (AE). Complex of axial and subaxial (A+SA) endophallite. Frontolateral peripheral (FLP) endophallite. Superior right peripheral (SRP) endophallite. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448100/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
); accessory endophallite (AE) small and elongate (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF7326FEB0BFC21F31" box="[580,664,331,358]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[155,1422,192,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-21@17.[152,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Endophallites in South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); D, P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Accessory endophallite (AE). Complex of axial and subaxial (A+SA) endophallite. Frontolateral peripheral (FLP) endophallite. Superior right peripheral (SRP) endophallite. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448100/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
). In 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEDFFBF73A9FEB0BE371F33" authorityName="Nazare-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[715,877,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pantanensis">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF73A9FEB0BF861F33" box="[715,732,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF7388FEB0BE371F33" box="[746,877,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">pantanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the pygidium is metallic green and has an orange band at posterior edge (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF70FBFE94BCAB1FDE" box="[409,497,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[265,1315,191,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-21@11.[261,1326,181,1783]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of the external morphology in species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, P. vazdemelloi new species pronotal disc; B, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) pronotal disc; C, P. vazdemelloi new species detail of left lateral of elytron; D, P. pantanensis new species detail of left lateral of elytron (arrow indicates eighth elytral stria present); E, P. perplexus (LeConte, 1847) protibia in dorsal view (arrow indicates median emargination); F, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) protibia in dorsal view; G. P. pantanensis new species pygidium; H, P. chaquensis new species pygidium. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (2A–D); 0.2 mm (2E–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448092/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
); the parameres are curved and pointed apically (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF756CFE94B9391FDE" box="[1038,1123,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[175,1410,894,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-346@16.[164,1422,885,1896]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 5. Aedeagus in South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887, lateral and ventral views, respectively. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) (arrows indicate variation at apex of parameres); D. P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448098/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
); the frontolateral peripheral endophallite is sinuous, with inferior portion rounded (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF738FFE68BE1B1FF9" box="[749,833,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[155,1422,192,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-21@17.[152,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Endophallites in South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); D, P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Accessory endophallite (AE). Complex of axial and subaxial (A+SA) endophallite. Frontolateral peripheral (FLP) endophallite. Superior right peripheral (SRP) endophallite. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448100/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
); and the accessory endophallite is absent (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF747AFE68B8341FF9" box="[1304,1390,403,430]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[155,1422,192,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-21@17.[152,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Endophallites in South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); D, P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Accessory endophallite (AE). Complex of axial and subaxial (A+SA) endophallite. Frontolateral peripheral (FLP) endophallite. Superior right peripheral (SRP) endophallite. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448100/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C339653AFFEDFFBF71A5FE4DBF401D09" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFEDFFBF71A5FE4DBF401D09" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,862]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF71A5FE4DBC0B1F87" bold="true" box="[199,337,438,464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Description</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF7002FE4CBF6B1F86" bold="true" box="[352,561,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">
<typeStatus id="54988813FFEDFFBF7002FE4CBC951F86" box="[352,463,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
. Length
</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="4CDB9B54FFEDFFBF7322FE4DBFC31F86" box="[576,665,438,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.4 mm</quantity>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF73C6FE4DBFAA1F87" bold="true" box="[676,752,438,464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Width</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="4CDB9B54FFEDFFBF739CFE4CBE021F86" box="[766,856,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF7201FE4DBEED1F87" bold="true" box="[867,951,438,464]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Colour</emphasis>
. Surface of body dark brown with metallic green reflections; legs orange; orange spot on clypeus and on last abdominal ventrite. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF751DFE21BC7A1C4F" bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Surface punctation and sculpturing</emphasis>
. In general, surface punctation consists of foveolate punctures. Surface of head, mesoventrite, metaventrite, elytra, abdomen, tibiae, and femora with dense and well-impressed granulate microsculpture; lateral edges and anterior angle of pronotum, hypomera, lateral edges, and anterior portion of metaventrite, mesepimeron, metanepisternum, epipleuron, tibiae, and femora with imbricate microsculpture. Pronotum with dense and wellimpressed granulate microsculpture centrally (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF73C3FD74BFA61CFE" box="[673,764,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[265,1315,191,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-21@11.[261,1326,181,1783]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of the external morphology in species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, P. vazdemelloi new species pronotal disc; B, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) pronotal disc; C, P. vazdemelloi new species detail of left lateral of elytron; D, P. pantanensis new species detail of left lateral of elytron (arrow indicates eighth elytral stria present); E, P. perplexus (LeConte, 1847) protibia in dorsal view (arrow indicates median emargination); F, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) protibia in dorsal view; G. P. pantanensis new species pygidium; H, P. chaquensis new species pygidium. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (2A–D); 0.2 mm (2E–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448092/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF7272FD74BE061CFE" bold="true" box="[784,860,655,681]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Elytra</emphasis>
. Eighth elytral stria extending across the basal half of the elytra, with shallow carina at basal portion (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF7382FD48BE671C9A" box="[736,829,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[265,1315,191,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-21@11.[261,1326,181,1783]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of the external morphology in species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, P. vazdemelloi new species pronotal disc; B, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) pronotal disc; C, P. vazdemelloi new species detail of left lateral of elytron; D, P. pantanensis new species detail of left lateral of elytron (arrow indicates eighth elytral stria present); E, P. perplexus (LeConte, 1847) protibia in dorsal view (arrow indicates median emargination); F, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) protibia in dorsal view; G. P. pantanensis new species pygidium; H, P. chaquensis new species pygidium. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (2A–D); 0.2 mm (2E–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448092/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF7231FD48BED11C9A" bold="true" box="[851,907,691,717]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Legs</emphasis>
. Posterior edge of metafemur lightly angulate at basal third, expanded towards at abdominal ventrites (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF7243FD2CBE211CA6" box="[801,891,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[171,1413,608,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-218@13.[162,1424,597,1845]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 4. South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887, ventral view. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); C, P. vazdemelloi new species; D, P. pantanensis new species (arrows indicate angulation at posterior edge of metafemur); E, P. chaquensis new species (arrows indicate angulation at posterior edge of metafemur). Scale bar: 1 mm (3A–E); 2 mm (3F)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448096/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF72F3FD2DB95C1CA7" bold="true" box="[913,1030,726,752]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Pygidium completely orange (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF740DFD2CBDE01D42" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[265,1315,191,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-21@11.[261,1326,181,1783]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of the external morphology in species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, P. vazdemelloi new species pronotal disc; B, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) pronotal disc; C, P. vazdemelloi new species detail of left lateral of elytron; D, P. pantanensis new species detail of left lateral of elytron (arrow indicates eighth elytral stria present); E, P. perplexus (LeConte, 1847) protibia in dorsal view (arrow indicates median emargination); F, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) protibia in dorsal view; G. P. pantanensis new species pygidium; H, P. chaquensis new species pygidium. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (2A–D); 0.2 mm (2E–H)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448092/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 2H</figureCitation>
) 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF71AEFD00BC701D42" bold="true" box="[204,298,763,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Tegmen</emphasis>
. Apex of parameres truncate, with small obtuse projection at ventral edge (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF75F2FD00B9B21D42" box="[1168,1256,762,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[175,1410,894,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-346@16.[164,1422,885,1896]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 5. Aedeagus in South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887, lateral and ventral views, respectively. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847) (arrows indicate variation at apex of parameres); D. P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448098/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF759CFD00B8CF1D42" bold="true" box="[1278,1429,763,789]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Endophallus</emphasis>
. Frontolateral peripheral (FLP) endophallite elongate, bifurcate at inferior portion (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF755EFCE4B9C91D6D" box="[1084,1171,799,826]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[155,1422,192,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-21@17.[152,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Endophallites in South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); D, P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Accessory endophallite (AE). Complex of axial and subaxial (A+SA) endophallite. Frontolateral peripheral (FLP) endophallite. Superior right peripheral (SRP) endophallite. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448100/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
); acessory endophallite (AE) small and elongate (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFEDFFBF70D5FCB8BF571D09" box="[439,525,835,862]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1414,1438]" captionTargetBox="[155,1422,192,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-21@17.[152,1436,181,1390]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 6. Endophallites in South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, Pseudocanthon perplexus (LeConte, 1847); B–C, P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); D, P. vazdemelloi new species; E, P. pantanensis new species; F, P. chaquensis new species. Accessory endophallite (AE). Complex of axial and subaxial (A+SA) endophallite. Frontolateral peripheral (FLP) endophallite. Superior right peripheral (SRP) endophallite. Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448100/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5C6639FFEDFFBF71F5F884B8CE1988" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448098" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5448098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448098/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" startId="16.[151,250,1919,1943]" targetBox="[175,1410,894,1887]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFEDFFBF71F5F884B8CE1988" blockId="16.[151,1437,1919,2016]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF71F5F884BC4B19CF" bold="true" box="[151,273,1919,1944]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
. Aedeagus in South American species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEDFFBF73B6F884BEA319CF" authority="Bates, 1887" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1887" box="[724,1017,1919,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF73B6F884BE2A19C0" box="[724,880,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Pseudocanthon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFEDFFBF7218F87BBEA319CF" author="Bates, H. W." box="[890,1017,1920,1944]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" refId="ref18875" refString="Bates, H. W. (1887) Tribe Lamellicornia. In: Bates, H. W. (1886 - 1889) Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Volume II. Part 2. Pectinicornia and Lamellicornia. Taylor and Francis, London, United Kingdom, pp. 25 - 64, pls. 2 - 3. [publication date following Bousquet (2016)]" type="journal volume" year="1887">Bates, 1887</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, lateral and ventral views, respectively. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF71F5F858BDF319EC" bold="true" box="[151,169,1955,1979]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">A</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEDFFBF71D8F858BF2019EB" authority="(LeConte, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[186,634,1955,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perplexus">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF71D8F858BC9819EC" box="[186,450,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">Pseudocanthon perplexus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFEDFFBF70B1F85FBF2819EB" author="LeConte, J." box="[467,626,1956,1980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" pagination="71 - 93" refId="ref20977" refString="LeConte, J. (1847) Fragmenta entomologica. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 2, 71 - 93." type="journal article" year="1847">LeConte, 1847</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF73EAF85FBFED19EC" bold="true" box="[648,695,1955,1980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">B–C</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEDFFBF73AAF85FB94819EB" authority="(Blanchard, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[712,1042,1955,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthurus">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF73AAF85FBF8D19EC" box="[712,727,1956,1979]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF7385F858BE1619EC" box="[743,844,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">xanthurus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFEDFFBF723CF858B95119EB" author="Blanchard, E." box="[862,1035,1955,1980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" refId="ref19068" refString="Blanchard, E. (1847) livraison 79. In: Blanchard, E. &amp; Brulle, G. A. (1835 - 1847) Voyage dans L'Amerique Meridionale (le Bresil, la Republique orientale de L'Uruguay, la Republique Argentine, la Patagonie, la Republique du Chili, la Republique de Bolivia, la Republique du Perou), execute pendant les annees 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832 et 1833, par Alcide d'Orbigny. Tome Sixieme. 2. e partie: Insectes. P. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 153 - 168. [publication date following Evenhuis (1997: 573)]" type="journal volume" year="1847">Blanchard, 1847</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(arrows indicate variation at apex of parameres); 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF7077F833BC7D19B7" bold="true" box="[277,295,1992,2016]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">D</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEDFFBF7056F833BC931988" authority="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva, 2021" authorityName="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[308,457,1991,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vazdemelloi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF7056F833BC191988" box="[308,323,1992,2015]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF7032F83CBC931988" box="[336,457,1991,2015]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">vazdemelloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF70B2F833BF161988" bold="true" box="[464,588,1991,2016]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457D8FFEDFFBF70B2F833BF161988" box="[464,588,1991,2016]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF733BF833BF3019B7" bold="true" box="[601,618,1992,2016]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">E</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEDFFBF7315F833BE561988" authority="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva, 2021" authorityName="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[631,780,1992,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pantanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF7315F833BFDC1988" box="[631,646,1992,2015]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF73F1F833BE561988" box="[659,780,1992,2015]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">pantanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF7270F833BED51988" bold="true" box="[786,911,1991,2016]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457D8FFEDFFBF7270F833BED51988" box="[786,911,1991,2016]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF72FEF833BEF119B7" bold="true" box="[924,939,1992,2016]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">F</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEDFFBF72DBF833B91C1988" authority="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva, 2021" authorityName="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[953,1094,1991,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaquensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF72DBF833BE921988" box="[953,968,1992,2015]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF72B7F83CB91C1988" box="[981,1094,1991,2015]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">chaquensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEDFFBF752EF833B9931988" bold="true" box="[1100,1225,1991,2016]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457D8FFEDFFBF752EF833B9931988" box="[1100,1225,1991,2016]" pageId="16" pageNumber="77" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C6639FFECFFBE71F5FA7DBEEA185E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448100" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5448100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448100/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" startId="17.[151,250,1414,1438]" targetBox="[155,1422,192,1385]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFECFFBE71F5FA7DBEEA185E" blockId="17.[151,1437,1414,1546]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE71F5FA7DBC541BC9" bold="true" box="[151,270,1414,1438]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
. Endophallites in South American species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFECFFBE7382FA7DBEA51BC9" authority="Bates, 1887" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1887" box="[736,1023,1414,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE7382FA7DBE261BC9" box="[736,892,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Pseudocanthon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFECFFBE72E6FA7DBEA51BC9" author="Bates, H. W." box="[900,1023,1414,1438]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" refId="ref18875" refString="Bates, H. W. (1887) Tribe Lamellicornia. In: Bates, H. W. (1886 - 1889) Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Volume II. Part 2. Pectinicornia and Lamellicornia. Taylor and Francis, London, United Kingdom, pp. 25 - 64, pls. 2 - 3. [publication date following Bousquet (2016)]" type="journal volume" year="1887">Bates, 1887</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE7568FA7DB9461BC9" bold="true" box="[1034,1052,1414,1438]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">A</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFECFFBE754BFA7DBD8C1B95" authority="(LeConte, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perplexus">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE754BFA7DB8751BC9" box="[1065,1327,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Pseudocanthon perplexus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFECFFBE745FFA7DBD971B95" author="LeConte, J." pageId="17" pageNumber="78" pagination="71 - 93" refId="ref20977" refString="LeConte, J. (1847) Fragmenta entomologica. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 2, 71 - 93." type="journal article" year="1847">LeConte, 1847</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE7182FA51BC551B95" bold="true" box="[224,271,1450,1474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">B–C</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFECFFBE707EFA50BF3A1B95" authority="(Blanchard, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[284,608,1450,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthurus">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE707EFA50BC711B95" box="[284,299,1451,1474]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE705BFA51BCC41B95" box="[313,414,1450,1474]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">xanthurus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFECFFBE70C9FA51BF021B95" author="Blanchard, E." box="[427,600,1450,1474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" refId="ref19068" refString="Blanchard, E. (1847) livraison 79. In: Blanchard, E. &amp; Brulle, G. A. (1835 - 1847) Voyage dans L'Amerique Meridionale (le Bresil, la Republique orientale de L'Uruguay, la Republique Argentine, la Patagonie, la Republique du Chili, la Republique de Bolivia, la Republique du Perou), execute pendant les annees 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832 et 1833, par Alcide d'Orbigny. Tome Sixieme. 2. e partie: Insectes. P. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 153 - 168. [publication date following Evenhuis (1997: 573)]" type="journal volume" year="1847">Blanchard, 1847</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE7308FA51BF261B95" bold="true" box="[618,636,1450,1474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">D</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFECFFBE73E8FA50BE451B95" authority="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva, 2021" authorityName="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[650,799,1450,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vazdemelloi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE73E8FA50BFC31B95" box="[650,665,1451,1474]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE73C4FA51BE451B95" box="[678,799,1450,1474]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">vazdemelloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE7247FA51BEF81B95" bold="true" box="[805,930,1450,1474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457D8FFECFFBE7247FA51BEF81B95" box="[805,930,1450,1474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE72CDFA51BE9A1B95" bold="true" box="[943,960,1450,1474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">E</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFECFFBE72AFFA50B9381B95" authority="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva, 2021" authorityName="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[973,1122,1450,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pantanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE72AFFA50BE861B95" box="[973,988,1451,1474]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE728BFA50B9381B95" box="[1001,1122,1451,1474]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">pantanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE750BFA51B9BC1B95" bold="true" box="[1129,1254,1450,1474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457D8FFECFFBE750BFA51B9BC1B95" box="[1129,1254,1450,1474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE7591FA51B8581B95" bold="true" box="[1267,1282,1450,1474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">F</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFECFFBE746DFA50B8C71B95" authority="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva, 2021" authorityName="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[1295,1437,1450,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaquensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE746DFA50B8441B95" box="[1295,1310,1451,1474]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE744EFA51B8C71B95" box="[1324,1437,1450,1474]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">chaquensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE71F5FA35BC4E1BB1" bold="true" box="[151,276,1486,1510]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457D8FFECFFBE71F5FA35BC4E1BB1" box="[151,276,1486,1510]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
. Accessory endophallite (AE). Complex of axial and subaxial (A+SA) endophallite. Frontolateral peripheral (FLP) endophallite. Superior right peripheral (SRP) endophallite. Scale bar: 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C339653AFFECFFBE71A5F9C3BC9319ED" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFECFFBE71A5F9C3BC9319ED" blockId="17.[151,1437,1592,1979]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE71A5F9C3BC301805" bold="true" box="[199,362,1592,1618]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Type material</emphasis>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3CECFFECFFBE7017F9C3BE481821" collectingDate="1998-12-03" collectorName="J. Moreno &amp; T. Mestre" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.512053" location="Pousada Araras" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-56.71156" municipality="Pocone" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="37" specimenCount-female="14" specimenCount-male="23" stateProvince="Mato Grosso" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE7017F9C3BCFC1805" box="[373,422,1592,1618]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="female">14♀</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE70B4F9C3BF501805" box="[470,522,1592,1618]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="male">23♂</specimenCount>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE7373F9C3BFA41805" bold="true" box="[529,766,1592,1618]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<typeStatus id="54988813FFECFFBE7373F9C3BFDA1805" box="[529,640,1592,1618]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F3347621FFECFFBE73EBF9C3BFA31805" box="[649,761,1592,1618]" name="Brazil" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49E7F853FFECFFBE7263F9C3BE9D1805" box="[769,967,1592,1618]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">MATO GROSSO</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF8ACCBFFECFFBE72ACF9C3B9791805" box="[974,1059,1592,1618]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Poconé</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EFC606AFFECFFBE7549F9C3B98D1805" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87A7FFF2FFBA71F5F927BEAE1EAE:8EFC606AFFECFFBE7549F9C3B98D1805" box="[1067,1239,1592,1618]" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.512053" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-56.71156" municipality="Pocone" name="Pousada Araras" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Pousada Araras</location>
,[
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE7585F9C3B8CD1805" box="[1255,1431,1592,1618]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="43.39" value="-16.512053">16°30’43.39’’S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE71F5F9A0BC081821" box="[151,338,1627,1654]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="41.61" value="-56.71156">56°42’41.61’’W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FF9D1071FFECFFBE700AF9A7BCA91821" box="[360,499,1628,1654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="1998-12-03">
<collectingDate id="EFD9E999FFECFFBE700AF9A7BCA91821" box="[360,499,1628,1654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="1998-12-03">03.XII.1998</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26D65367FFECFFBE7360F9A6BF2C1820" box="[514,630,1629,1655]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">J. Moreno</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26D65367FFECFFBE73FDF9A6BE481821" box="[671,786,1628,1655]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">T. Mestre</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3CECFFECFFBE7252F9A7B87F18CD" collectingDate="1998-12-03" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="J. Moreno &amp; T. Mestre" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.512053" location="Pousada Araras" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-56.71156" municipality="Pocone" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Mato Grosso" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE7252F9A7BE111821" box="[816,843,1628,1654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32AE74FFECFFBE723FF9A7BEEB1821" box="[861,945,1628,1654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CEMT</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE72A4F9A7B9991821" bold="true" box="[966,1219,1628,1654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<typeStatus id="54988813FFECFFBE72A4F9A7B91A1821" box="[966,1088,1628,1654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F3347621FFECFFBE752DF9A7B9E51821" box="[1103,1215,1628,1654]" name="Brazil" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49E7F853FFECFFBE75AFF9A7B8C31821" box="[1229,1433,1628,1654]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">MATO GROSSO</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF8ACCBFFECFFBE71F5F97BBDB618CD" box="[151,236,1664,1690]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">Poconé</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EFC606AFFECFFBE719CF97BBCEF18CD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87A7FFF2FFBA71F5F927BEAE1EAE:8EFC606AFFECFFBE719CF97BBCEF18CD" box="[254,437,1664,1690]" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.512053" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-56.71156" municipality="Pocone" name="Pousada Araras" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Pousada Araras</location>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE70ACF97BBF2518CD" box="[462,639,1664,1690]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="43.39" value="-16.512053">16°30’43.39’’S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE73F0F984BE1718CD" box="[658,845,1663,1690]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="41.61" value="-56.71156">56°42’41.61’’W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FF9D1071FFECFFBE7204F97BBEAB18CD" box="[870,1009,1664,1690]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="1998-12-03">
<collectingDate id="EFD9E999FFECFFBE7204F97BBEAB18CD" box="[870,1009,1664,1690]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="1998-12-03">03.XII.1998</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26D65367FFECFFBE7566F97AB92718CC" box="[1028,1149,1665,1691]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">J. Moreno</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26D65367FFECFFBE75CFF97AB87F18CD" box="[1197,1317,1664,1691]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">T. Mestre</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3CECFFECFFBE7421F97BB86218E9" collectingDate="2007-10-13" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="A. Tissiani" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.239985" location="Pirizal" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-56.37491" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="23" specimenCount-female="6" specimenCount-male="17" stateProvince="Mato Grosso" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE7421F97BB80718CD" box="[1347,1373,1664,1690]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="female">6♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE7409F97BB8C618CD" box="[1387,1436,1664,1690]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="male">17♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32AE74FFECFFBE71FDF95FBDA918E9" box="[159,243,1700,1726]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CEMT</collectionCode>
); 
<location id="8EFC606AFFECFFBE7069F95FBC0E18E9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87A7FFF2FFBA71F5F927BEAE1EAE:8EFC606AFFECFFBE7069F95FBC0E18E9" box="[267,340,1700,1726]" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.239985" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-56.37491" name="Pirizal" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Mato Grosso">Pirizal</location>
[pantanal region], [
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE735DF95FBFB518E9" box="[575,751,1700,1726]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="23.94" value="-16.239985">16°14’23.94’’S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE7262F958BEE118E9" box="[768,955,1699,1726]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="29.67" value="-56.37491">56°22’29.67’’W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FF9D1071FFECFFBE72B1F95FB91118E9" box="[979,1099,1700,1726]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2007-10-13">
<collectingDate id="EFD9E999FFECFFBE72B1F95FB91118E9" box="[979,1099,1700,1726]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2007-10-13">13.X.2007</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectingMethod id="52624EA6FFECFFBE753EF95FB9F818E9" box="[1116,1186,1700,1726]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">pitfall</collectingMethod>
, 
<collectorName id="26D65367FFECFFBE75D2F95FB86218E9" box="[1200,1336,1700,1726]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">A. Tissiani</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3CECFFECFFBE7435F95FB83818B5" collectingDate="1953-12" collectionCode="CEMT" country="Argentina" elevation="66" latitude="-26.185778" location="FORMOSA" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-58.175568" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Formosa" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE7435F95FB83418E9" box="[1367,1390,1700,1726]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE741BF95FB8C618E9" box="[1401,1436,1700,1726]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32AE74FFECFFBE71FDF933BDA918B5" box="[159,243,1736,1762]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CEMT</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE706FF933BC9818B5" bold="true" box="[269,450,1736,1762]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<collectingCountry id="F3347621FFECFFBE706FF933BCE718B5" box="[269,445,1736,1762]" name="Argentina" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49E7F853FFECFFBE70B2F933BF0618B5" box="[464,604,1736,1762]" country="Argentina" name="Formosa" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">FORMOSA</collectingRegion>
: [
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE7317F933BE4D18B5" box="[629,791,1736,1762]" degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="08.8" value="-26.185778">26°11’08.8’’S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE7248F93CBEBC18B5" box="[810,998,1735,1762]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="32.04" value="-58.175568">58°10’32.04’’W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<quantity id="4CDB9B54FFECFFBE729DF933B91818B4" box="[1023,1090,1736,1763]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="66.0">
<elevation id="000ED182FFECFFBE729DF933B91818B4" box="[1023,1090,1736,1763]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="66.0">66 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF9D1071FFECFFBE7537F933B9E418B4" box="[1109,1214,1736,1763]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="1953-12">
<collectingDate id="EFD9E999FFECFFBE7537F933B9E418B4" box="[1109,1214,1736,1763]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="1953-12">XII.1953</collectingDate>
</date>
, no collector
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3CECFFECFFBE74E3F933BC4B197D" collectingDate="2015-10-13" collectionCode="CMNC" collectorName="A. Guerra" country="Argentina" latitude="-25.971222" location="Reserva Privada Estancia Guaycolec" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-58.185528" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Formosa" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE74E3F933B8C618B5" box="[1409,1436,1736,1762]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32AE74FFECFFBE71FDF917BDA21951" box="[159,248,1772,1798]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CMNC</collectionCode>
); 
<location id="8EFC606AFFECFFBE706AF916BFC01951" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87A7FFF2FFBA71F5F927BEAE1EAE:8EFC606AFFECFFBE706AF916BFC01951" box="[264,666,1772,1799]" country="Argentina" latitude="-25.971222" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-58.185528" name="Reserva Privada Estancia Guaycolec" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Formosa">Reserva Privada Estancia Guaycolec</location>
[woodland], [
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE7253F917BE8E1950" box="[817,980,1772,1799]" degrees="25" direction="south" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="16.4" value="-25.971222">25°58’16.4’’S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE72BFF910B9D21951" box="[989,1160,1771,1798]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="07.9" value="-58.185528">58°11’07.9’’W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FF9D1071FFECFFBE75FAF917B84B1950" box="[1176,1297,1772,1799]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2015-10-13">
<collectingDate id="EFD9E999FFECFFBE75FAF917B84B1950" box="[1176,1297,1772,1799]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2015-10-13">13.X.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, rotten meat, 
<collectorName id="26D65367FFECFFBE71F5F8EBBC4B197D" box="[151,273,1808,1834]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">A. Guerra</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3CECFFECFFBE7053F8EBB83C197D" box="[305,1382,1807,1835]" collectingDate="1945-11" collectionCode="CEMT" country="Argentina" elevation="58" latitude="-27.451862" location="Resistencia" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-58.985558" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Chaco" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE7053F8EBBC12197D" box="[305,328,1808,1834]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32AE74FFECFFBE7035F8EBBCF1197D" box="[343,427,1808,1834]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CEMT</collectionCode>
); 
<collectingRegion id="49E7F853FFECFFBE70A2F8EBBF7C197D" box="[448,550,1808,1834]" country="Argentina" name="Chaco" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CHACO</collectingRegion>
: 
<location id="8EFC606AFFECFFBE7353F8EBBFE9197D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87A7FFF2FFBA71F5F927BEAE1EAE:8EFC606AFFECFFBE7353F8EBBFE9197D" box="[561,691,1808,1834]" country="Argentina" latitude="-27.451862" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-58.985558" name="Resistencia" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Chaco">Resistencia</location>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE73A5F8EBBE33197D" box="[711,873,1808,1834]" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="06.7" value="-27.451862">27°27’06.7’’S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE7215F8F4B955197D" box="[887,1039,1807,1834]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-58.985558">58°59’08’’W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<quantity id="4CDB9B54FFECFFBE7541F8EBB905197C" box="[1059,1119,1808,1835]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="58.0">
<elevation id="000ED182FFECFFBE7541F8EBB905197C" box="[1059,1119,1808,1835]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="58.0">58 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF9D1071FFECFFBE750EF8EBB991197C" box="[1132,1227,1808,1835]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="1945-11">
<collectingDate id="EFD9E999FFECFFBE750EF8EBB991197C" box="[1132,1227,1808,1835]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="1945-11">XI.1945</collectingDate>
</date>
, no collector
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3CECFFECFFBE74E4F8EBB83F1919" collectingDate="2016-03-30" collectionCode="CMNC" collectorName="A. Raimundo" country="Argentina" elevation="54" latitude="-27.507473" location="Resistencia" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-59.084305" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Chaco" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE74E4F8EBB8C6197D" box="[1414,1436,1808,1834]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32AE74FFECFFBE71FDF8CFBDA21919" box="[159,248,1844,1870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CMNC</collectionCode>
); 
<location id="8EFC606AFFECFFBE706EF8CFBCD61919" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87A7FFF2FFBA71F5F927BEAE1EAE:8EFC606AFFECFFBE706EF8CFBCD61919" box="[268,396,1844,1870]" country="Argentina" latitude="-27.507473" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-59.084305" name="Resistencia" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Chaco">Resistencia</location>
[woodland], [
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE734EF8CFBF941919" box="[556,718,1844,1870]" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="26.9" value="-27.507473">27°30’26.9’’S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE73BEF8C8BED31919" box="[732,905,1843,1870]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="03.5" value="-59.084305">59°05’03.5’’W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<quantity id="4CDB9B54FFECFFBE72FFF8CFBE801918" box="[925,986,1844,1871]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="54.0">
<elevation id="000ED182FFECFFBE72FFF8CFBE801918" box="[925,986,1844,1871]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" unit="m" value="54.0">54 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FF9D1071FFECFFBE7285F8CFB9321919" box="[999,1128,1844,1870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2016-03-30">
<collectingDate id="EFD9E999FFECFFBE7285F8CFB9321919" box="[999,1128,1844,1870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2016-03-30">30.III.2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectingMethod id="52624EA6FFECFFBE7516F8CFB9E01919" box="[1140,1210,1844,1870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">pitfall</collectingMethod>
, 
<collectorName id="26D65367FFECFFBE75A7F8CFB83F1919" box="[1221,1381,1844,1870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">A. Raimundo</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3CECFFECFFBE74E1F8CFB8251925" collectingDate="2016-11-10" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="A. Guerra" country="Argentina" latitude="-26.849277" location="Resistencia" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-59.607944" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Chaco" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE74E1F8CFB8C61919" box="[1411,1436,1844,1870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE71F5F8A3BDE01925" box="[151,186,1880,1906]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32AE74FFECFFBE71A8F8A3BC441925" box="[202,286,1880,1906]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CEMT</collectionCode>
); 
<location id="8EFC606AFFECFFBE7051F8A3BCE91925" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87A7FFF2FFBA71F5F927BEAE1EAE:8EFC606AFFECFFBE7051F8A3BCE91925" box="[307,435,1880,1906]" country="Argentina" latitude="-26.849277" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-59.607944" name="Resistencia" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Chaco">Resistencia</location>
[chaco region], [
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE7316F8A3BE4D1924" box="[628,791,1880,1907]" degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="57.4" value="-26.849277">26°50’57.4’’S</geoCoordinate>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE175076FFECFFBE7246F8ACBE8B1925" box="[804,977,1879,1906]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" precision="1" seconds="28.6" value="-59.607944">59°36’28.6’’W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FF9D1071FFECFFBE7287F8A3B93D1925" box="[997,1127,1880,1906]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2016-11-10">
<collectingDate id="EFD9E999FFECFFBE7287F8A3B93D1925" box="[997,1127,1880,1906]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2016-11-10">10.XI.2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, human feces, 
<collectorName id="26D65367FFECFFBE746DF8A3B8251925" box="[1295,1407,1880,1906]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">A. Guerra</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3CECFFECFFBE71F5F887BEA019C1" box="[151,1018,1916,1943]" collectingDate="2000-04-18" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="P. Gonzalez" country="Uruguay" location="San Luis" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Canelones" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE71F5F887BDE019C1" box="[151,186,1916,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32AE74FFECFFBE71AAF887BC4619C1" box="[200,284,1916,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CEMT</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFECFFBE704CF887BC9B19C1" bold="true" box="[302,449,1916,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">
<collectingCountry id="F3347621FFECFFBE704CF887BCE719C1" box="[302,445,1916,1942]" name="Uruguay" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">URUGUAY</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49E7F853FFECFFBE70A5F887BF2A19C1" box="[455,624,1916,1942]" country="Uruguay" name="Canelones" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CANELONES</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8EFC606AFFECFFBE7318F887BF8419C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87A7FFF2FFBA71F5F927BEAE1EAE:8EFC606AFFECFFBE7318F887BF8419C1" box="[634,734,1916,1942]" country="Uruguay" name="San Luis" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Canelones">San Luis</location>
, 
<date id="FF9D1071FFECFFBE738BF887BE3D19C1" box="[745,871,1916,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2000-04-18">
<collectingDate id="EFD9E999FFECFFBE738BF887BE3D19C1" box="[745,871,1916,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2000-04-18">18.IV.2000</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26D65367FFECFFBE7210F886BEA019C1" box="[882,1018,1916,1943]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">P. Gonzalez</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3CECFFECFFBE757BF887BC7B19ED" collectingDate="2000-03-23" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="P. Gonzalez" country="Uruguay" location="San Luis" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Canelones" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE757BF887B96E19C1" box="[1049,1076,1916,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32AE74FFECFFBE7520F887B9CC19C1" box="[1090,1174,1916,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CEMT</collectionCode>
); 
<location id="8EFC606AFFECFFBE75CAF887B85619C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038A87A7FFF2FFBA71F5F927BEAE1EAE:8EFC606AFFECFFBE75CAF887B85619C1" box="[1192,1292,1916,1942]" country="Uruguay" name="San Luis" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" stateProvince="Canelones">San Luis</location>
, 
<date id="FF9D1071FFECFFBE7475F887B8C219C1" box="[1303,1432,1916,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2000-03-23">
<collectingDate id="EFD9E999FFECFFBE7475F887B8C219C1" box="[1303,1432,1916,1942]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" value="2000-03-23">23.III.2000</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26D65367FFECFFBE71F5F85ABC7B19ED" box="[151,289,1952,1979]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">P. Gonzalez</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B4B3CECFFECFFBE705DF85BBC9F19ED" box="[319,453,1952,1978]" collectionCode="CEMT" country="Uruguay" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Canelones" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D25FD38FFECFFBE705DF85BBC0019ED" box="[319,346,1952,1978]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED32AE74FFECFFBE700BF85BBCE719ED" box="[361,445,1952,1978]" pageId="17" pageNumber="78">CEMT</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5C6639FFEFFFBD71F5F8ABBDB219F8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448102" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5448102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448102/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" startId="18.[151,250,1872,1896]" targetBox="[156,1423,190,1839]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFEFFFBD71F5F8ABBDB219F8" blockId="18.[151,1437,1872,1968]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD71F5F8ABBC57193F" bold="true" box="[151,269,1872,1896]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">FIGURE 7</emphasis>
. Known distribution in South America of species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEFFFBD7245F8ABB91C193F" authority="Bates, 1887" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1887" box="[807,1094,1872,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD7245F8ABBE99193F" box="[807,963,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">Pseudocanthon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFEFFFBD72A8F8ABB91C193F" author="Bates, H. W." box="[970,1094,1872,1896]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" refId="ref18875" refString="Bates, H. W. (1887) Tribe Lamellicornia. In: Bates, H. W. (1886 - 1889) Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera. Volume II. Part 2. Pectinicornia and Lamellicornia. Taylor and Francis, London, United Kingdom, pp. 25 - 64, pls. 2 - 3. [publication date following Bousquet (2016)]" type="journal volume" year="1887">Bates, 1887</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD752DF8ABB93B193F" bold="true" box="[1103,1121,1872,1896]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">A</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEFFFBD750DF8AAB8C6193F" authority="(LeConte, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[1135,1436,1872,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perplexus">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD750DF8AAB924193F" box="[1135,1150,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD75E9F8ABB9B7193F" box="[1163,1261,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">perplexus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFEFFFBD7599F8ABB8CF193F" author="LeConte, J." box="[1275,1429,1872,1896]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" pagination="71 - 93" refId="ref20977" refString="LeConte, J. (1847) Fragmenta entomologica. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 2, 71 - 93." type="journal article" year="1847">LeConte, 1847</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEFFFBD71A4F88EBF4E19DB" authority="(Blanchard, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[198,532,1908,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthurus">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD71A4F88EBD8F19DB" box="[198,213,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD7187F88FBC1019DB" box="[229,330,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">xanthurus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFEFFFBD7039F88FBF5119DB" author="Blanchard, E." box="[347,523,1908,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" refId="ref19068" refString="Blanchard, E. (1847) livraison 79. In: Blanchard, E. &amp; Brulle, G. A. (1835 - 1847) Voyage dans L'Amerique Meridionale (le Bresil, la Republique orientale de L'Uruguay, la Republique Argentine, la Patagonie, la Republique du Chili, la Republique de Bolivia, la Republique du Perou), execute pendant les annees 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832 et 1833, par Alcide d'Orbigny. Tome Sixieme. 2. e partie: Insectes. P. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 153 - 168. [publication date following Evenhuis (1997: 573)]" type="journal volume" year="1847">Blanchard, 1847</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD7343F88FBF6819DB" bold="true" box="[545,562,1908,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">B</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEFFFBD7320F88EBF8119DB" authority="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva, 2021" authorityName="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[578,731,1908,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vazdemelloi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD7320F88EBF0B19DB" box="[578,593,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD7300F88FBF8119DB" box="[610,731,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">vazdemelloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD7387F88FBE3F19DB" bold="true" box="[741,869,1908,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457D8FFEFFFBD7387F88FBE3F19DB" box="[741,869,1908,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEFFFBD7217F88EB95419DB" authority="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva, 2021" authorityName="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[885,1038,1908,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pantanensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD7217F88EBEDE19DB" box="[885,900,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD72F7F88EB95419DB" box="[917,1038,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">pantanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD757AF88FB9C219DB" bold="true" box="[1048,1176,1908,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457D8FFEFFFBD757AF88FB9C219DB" box="[1048,1176,1908,1932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEFFFBD75B4F88EB83D19DB" authority="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva, 2021" authorityName="Nazaré-Silva &amp; Silva" authorityYear="2021" box="[1238,1383,1908,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chaquensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD75B4F88EB9BF19DB" box="[1238,1253,1909,1932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD7594F88FB83D19DB" box="[1270,1383,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">chaquensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEFFFBD7413F88FBDB819E7" bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="79">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26457D8FFEFFFBD7413F88FBDB819E7" pageId="18" pageNumber="79" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C6639FFEEFFBC71F5F898B81419B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448104" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5448104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448104/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="80" startId="19.[151,250,1891,1915]" targetBox="[170,1416,191,1859]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFEEFFBC71F5F898B81419B0" blockId="19.[151,1437,1891,2023]" pageId="19" pageNumber="80">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEEFFBC71F5F898BC57192C" bold="true" box="[151,269,1891,1915]" pageId="19" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 8</emphasis>
. Collecting records of 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFEEFFBC7096F898BEE3192C" authority="(Blanchard, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[500,953,1891,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthurus">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEEFFBC7096F898BFA1192C" box="[500,763,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="80">Pseudocanthon xanthurus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFEEFFBC726BF898BEE9192C" author="Blanchard, E." box="[777,947,1891,1915]" pageId="19" pageNumber="80" refId="ref19068" refString="Blanchard, E. (1847) livraison 79. In: Blanchard, E. &amp; Brulle, G. A. (1835 - 1847) Voyage dans L'Amerique Meridionale (le Bresil, la Republique orientale de L'Uruguay, la Republique Argentine, la Patagonie, la Republique du Chili, la Republique de Bolivia, la Republique du Perou), execute pendant les annees 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832 et 1833, par Alcide d'Orbigny. Tome Sixieme. 2. e partie: Insectes. P. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 153 - 168. [publication date following Evenhuis (1997: 573)]" type="journal volume" year="1847">Blanchard, 1847</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
according to following morphological patterns. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEEFFBC71F5F87CBDF319C8" bold="true" box="[151,169,1927,1951]" pageId="19" pageNumber="80">A</emphasis>
, Pattern 1 (orange spots only at the base and apex of elytra); Pattern 2 (orange spots on almost the entire lateral edge of the body, mainly in elytra); 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFEEFFBC70FAF850BCF31994" bold="true" box="[408,425,1963,1987]" pageId="19" pageNumber="80">B</emphasis>
, Pattern A (apex of the parameres subparallel, frontolateral peripheral endophallites narrow and straight); Pattern B (apex of the parameres laterally projected, frontolateral peripheral endophallites wider and curved).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5C6639FFE9FFBB71F5F892B9B619BA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448106" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5448106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448106/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" startId="20.[151,250,1897,1921]" targetBox="[155,1423,192,1866]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFE9FFBB71F5F892B9B619BA" blockId="20.[151,1436,1897,2030]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFE9FFBB71F5F892BC4A19D6" bold="true" box="[151,272,1897,1921]" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">FIGURE 9</emphasis>
. Correlation between the intraspecific morphological patterns verified in 
<taxonomicName id="4C234D32FFE9FFBB7570F892BD8C19F1" authority="(Blanchard, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Blanchard" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudocanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthurus">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFE9FFBB7570F892B84619D6" box="[1042,1308,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="81">Pseudocanthon xanthurus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFE9FFBB744EF892BD9419F1" author="Blanchard, E." pageId="20" pageNumber="81" refId="ref19068" refString="Blanchard, E. (1847) livraison 79. In: Blanchard, E. &amp; Brulle, G. A. (1835 - 1847) Voyage dans L'Amerique Meridionale (le Bresil, la Republique orientale de L'Uruguay, la Republique Argentine, la Patagonie, la Republique du Chili, la Republique de Bolivia, la Republique du Perou), execute pendant les annees 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832 et 1833, par Alcide d'Orbigny. Tome Sixieme. 2. e partie: Insectes. P. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 153 - 168. [publication date following Evenhuis (1997: 573)]" type="journal volume" year="1847">Blanchard, 1847</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Pattern 1 (orange spots only at the base and apex of elytra); Pattern 2 (orange spots on almost the entire lateral edge of the body, mainly in elytra); Pattern A (apex of the parameres subparallel, frontolateral peripheral endophallites narrow and straight); Pattern B (apex of the parameres laterally projected, frontolateral peripheral endophallites wider and curved).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C339653AFFE8FFBA71A5FF6DBEAE1EAE" pageId="21" pageNumber="82" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9C36B1FFE8FFBA71A5FF6DBEAE1EAE" blockId="21.[151,1436,150,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFE8FFBA71A5FF6DBC031EE7" bold="true" box="[199,345,150,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Distribution</emphasis>
. Known from 
<collectingCountry id="F3347621FFE8FFBA7365FF6CBF2C1EE6" box="[519,630,151,177]" name="Argentina" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49E7F853FFE8FFBA73EBFF6CBF881EE6" box="[649,722,151,177]" country="Argentina" name="Chaco" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Chaco</collectingRegion>
and 
<collectingRegion id="49E7F853FFE8FFBA726DFF6CBE291EE6" box="[783,883,151,177]" country="Argentina" name="Formosa" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Formosa</collectingRegion>
) and 
<collectingCountry id="F3347621FFE8FFBA72DAFF6CBEA61EE6" box="[952,1020,151,177]" name="Brazil" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49E7F853FFE8FFBA756DFF6CB9FD1EE6" box="[1039,1191,151,177]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="13182A34FFE8FFBA75A0FF6CB8441EE6" box="[1218,1310,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[156,1423,190,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-30@18.[155,1432,181,1847]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Known distribution in South America of species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887. A, P. perplexus (LeConte, 1847) and P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847); B, P. vazdemelloi new species, P. pantanensis new species, and P. chaquensis new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5448102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5448102/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFE8FFBA7457FF6DBFB41E83" bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Areas of endemism [South America]: Brazilian subregion</emphasis>
: South Brazilian dominion: 
<collectingRegion id="49E7F853FFE8FFBA7521FF40B8791E82" box="[1091,1315,187,213]" country="Brazil" name="Rondonia" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Rondônia province</collectingRegion>
. 
<emphasis id="B957EAA3FFE8FFBA7450FF41BC571EAF" bold="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="82">Chacoan subregion</emphasis>
: Chacoan dominion: Chaco province (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B40FFE8FFBA7388FF24BED51EAE" author="Morrone, J." box="[746,911,223,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="82" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref21576" refString="Morrone, J. (2014) Biogeographical regionalisation of the Neotropical region. Zootaxa, 3782, 1 - 110. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3782.1.1." type="journal article" year="2014">Morrone 2014</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 12).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>