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<document id="2FE78A3B0C1AFE3E05F55DCD0594CF8F" ID-CLB-Dataset="30883" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4377.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fbc66cd8-6a7b-4cf3-ac3f-850b17b3abe4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1163170" ID-ZooBank="FE92756E-2212-4ADE-9FE0-31C30511583E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1517396002872" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Okanishi, Masanori &amp; Fujita, Yoshihisa" docDate="2018" docId="0393AD4FFFC13400FF1AFCBAFC31F936" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4377.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4377 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ophiolepis Muller &amp; Troschel 1840" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="FFAAD537FFC33402FF8DFF91FF9FFF8B" masterDocTitle="First finding of anchialine and submarine cave dwelling brittle stars from the Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of new species of Ophiolepis and Ophiozonella (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphilepidida)" masterLastPageNumber="20" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698517853098" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C332B19840856C70F32189B9BAB10BB0">First finding of anchialine and submarine cave dwelling brittle stars from the Pacific Ocean, with descriptions of new species of Ophiolepis and Ophiozonella (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphilepidida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5141E4E7FABD3E216EB485AA4D771C05">Okanishi, Masanori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="30CB422ED3207DCE5B41EFE30BF4684D">Fujita, Yoshihisa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="AA8254F2E4523E417A10273C52BF0E6E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C11F7E2C7DD448AF4CB4DDD6467AAA5A">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F13276F7C421078732DCED6EA1E31848">2018-01-31</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0393AD4FFFC13400FF1AFCBAFC31F936" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5981220" ID-GBIF-Taxon="140561233" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5981220" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0393AD4FFFC13400FF1AFCBAFC31F936" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0393AD4FFFC13400FF1AFCBAFC31F936" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection id="C3204FD2FFC13400FF1AFCBAFDCDFCCD" box="[151,594,811,838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B851C59FFC13400FF1AFCBAFDCDFCCD" blockId="2.[151,594,811,838]" box="[151,594,811,838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D0CDAB35FFC13400FF1AFCBAFDCDFCCD" bold="true" box="[151,594,811,838]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FF1AFCBAFDCDFCCD" authority="Muller &amp; Troschel, 1840" authorityName="Muller &amp; Troschel" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,594,811,838]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FF1AFCBAFDCDFCCD" bold="true" box="[151,594,811,838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FF1AFCBAFE86FCCE" bold="true" box="[151,281,811,837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiolepis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB61A8FFC13400FEADFCBDFDCDFCCD" author="Muller" box="[288,594,812,838]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Muller, J. &amp; Troschel, F. H. (1840) Ueber die Gattungen der Ophiuren. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 6, 326 - 330." type="journal article" year="1840">Müller &amp; Troschel, 1840</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3204FD2FFC13400FF1AFCFCFACAFC08" box="[151,1365,877,899]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B851C59FFC13400FF1AFCFCFACAFC08" blockId="2.[151,1365,877,899]" box="[151,1365,877,899]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FF1AFCFCFEBAFC08" bold="true" box="[151,293,877,899]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FEA6FCFCFD33FC08" authority="H. L. Clark, 1915" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1915" box="[299,684,877,899]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="superba">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FEA6FCFCFE6CFC08" box="[299,499,877,899]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiolepis superba</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB61A8FFC13400FE74FCFFFD33FC08" author="Clark" box="[505,684,877,899]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Clark, H. L. (1915) Catalogue of Recent ophiurans: based on the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 25, 165 - 376." type="journal article" year="1915">H. L. Clark, 1915</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see Pineda-Enríquez
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FC1DFCFFFC5CFC08" box="[912,963,877,899]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
(in press) for background of this name)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3204FD2FFC13400FF1AFC3EFC2EFB9B" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B851C59FFC13400FF1AFC3EFC2EFB9B" blockId="2.[151,1437,943,1725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FF1AFC3EFE8EFC43" bold="true" box="[151,273,943,968]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Arms
<quantity id="4CC2B1BCFFC13400FEE9FC3EFE0CFC43" box="[356,403,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
number, not branching; disc covered by scales; larger disc scales surrounded by smaller scales on aboral surface; lacking arm combs; 2nd tentacle pore opening inside of oral slits; supplementary arm plates beside laterally to each dorsal and sometimes ventral arm plates.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3204FD2FFC13400FF4AFB8DFC31F936" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B851C59FFC13400FF4AFB8DFB6BFAFC" blockId="2.[151,1437,943,1725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FF4AFB8DFEA4FBBE" bold="true" box="[199,315,1052,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FECFFB8DFE22FBBF" authorityName="Muller &amp; Troschel" authorityYear="1840" box="[322,445,1052,1076]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FECFFB8DFE22FBBF" box="[322,445,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically related to
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FC9DFB8DFBA2FBBF" authority="(Stohr 2011)" authorityName="Stohr" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="Stohr" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[784,1085,1052,1077]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FC9DFB8DFC38FBBF" box="[784,935,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB61A8FFC13400FC3AFB8DFBAAFBBF" author="Stohr" box="[951,1077,1052,1077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Stohr, S. (2011) New record and new species of Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Lifou, Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia. Zootaxa, 3089, 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="2011">Stöhr 2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. These genera were previously in the family
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FEBCFBAEFE7EFBD3" authorityName="Ljungman" authorityYear="1867" box="[305,481,1087,1112]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophiolepididae</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FE60FBD1FD1BFBD3" baseAuthorityName="Stohr" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[493,644,1088,1112]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FE60FBD1FD1BFBD3" box="[493,644,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was polyphyletic and split across
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FB81FBAEFB26FBD3" authorityName="Ljungman" authorityYear="1867" box="[1036,1209,1087,1112]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophiolepididae</taxonomicName>
and Hemieuryaldae Verrill, 1899 as a result of a molecular phylogenomic study (O’Hara
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FC11FBF4FC4AFBF7" box="[924,981,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
2017).
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FBA6FBF5FB5DFBF7" baseAuthorityName="Stohr" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[1067,1218,1124,1148]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FBA6FBF5FB5DFBF7" box="[1067,1218,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with 1 or 2 arm spines were in the
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FE23FB16FDFEFB2B" box="[430,609,1159,1184]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Hemieuryalidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Hemieuryalidae</taxonomicName>
and species with more than 3 arm spines were in the
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FB64FB16FA06FB2B" authorityName="Ljungman" authorityYear="1867" box="[1257,1433,1159,1184]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophiolepididae</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FF1AFB3DFE35FB4F" authority="Okanishi &amp; Fujita, 2018" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,426,1196,1220]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cavernalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FF1AFB3DFE35FB4F" box="[151,426,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella cavernalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D7D30FFC13400FE3CFB3DFE6FFB4E" box="[433,496,1196,1221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FE3CFB3DFE6FFB4E" bold="true" box="[433,496,1196,1221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
should belong to the latter family because it has 3 arm spines (
<figureCitation id="130100DCFFC13400FB36FB3DFF30FB63" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[247,1358,193,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[228,1375,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Ophiozonella cavernalis n. sp. holotype (RUMF-ZE-02008).A, aboral proximal portion of arm; B, aboral middle portion of arm; C, aboral distal tip of arm; D, oral proximal portion of arm; E, oral middle portion of arm; F, oral distal tip of arm; G, lateral middle portion of arm; H, lateral distal tip of arm. Arrow heads indicate tentacle scale. Abbreviation: ASP, arm spine; DAP, dorsal arm plate; LAP, lateral arm plate; VAP, ventral arm plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1163188/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 9A, B, D, E, G, H</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FF49FB41FD5CFB63" authority="(H. L. Clark, 1908)" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1908" baseAuthorityName="H. L. Clark" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[196,707,1231,1256]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="longispina">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FF49FB41FE45FB63" box="[196,474,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella longispina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB61A8FFC13400FE61FB41FD25FB63" author="Clark" box="[492,698,1231,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Clark, H. L. (1908) Some Japanese and East Indian echinoderms. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 51 (11), 279 - 311." type="journal article" year="1908">H. L. Clark, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, which is the
<typeStatus id="5481A2FBFFC13400FCE9FB41FC0BFB63" box="[868,916,1232,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">type</typeStatus>
species of
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FB9AFB41FB2AFB63" box="[1047,1205,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FB9AFB41FB2EFB63" baseAuthorityName="Stohr" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[1047,1201,1232,1256]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Ophiozonella</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
was included in the
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FF1AFB65FDA5FA87" authority="(O'Hara et al. 2017)" authorityName="O'Hara et al." authorityYear="2017" box="[151,570,1268,1293]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Hemieuryalidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">
Hemieuryalidae (O’Hara
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FE3BFB64FE70FA87" box="[438,495,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
2017)
</taxonomicName>
, therefore a new genus should be established for the
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FB02FB65FAB9FA87" baseAuthorityName="Stohr" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[1167,1318,1268,1292]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FB02FB65FAB9FA87" box="[1167,1318,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FF32FA86FEF0FABB" authorityName="Ljungman" authorityYear="1867" box="[191,367,1303,1328]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Ophiolepididae</taxonomicName>
, with more than 3 arm spines. However, we refrain from establishing the new genus because we did not take into account all species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FDDCFAADFD77FADF" baseAuthorityName="Stohr" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[593,744,1340,1364]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FDDCFAADFD77FADF" box="[593,744,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in this study and any DNA sequences of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FB30FAADFACAFADF" authority="Okanishi &amp; Fujita, 2018" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[1213,1365,1340,1364]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cavernalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FB30FAADFACAFADF" box="[1213,1365,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">O. cavernalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D7D30FFC13400FAD1FAADFA03FADE" box="[1372,1436,1340,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FAD1FAADFA03FADE" bold="true" box="[1372,1436,1340,1365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
have not obtained. In this study, we refer the
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FD02FAF1FCB9FAF3" baseAuthorityName="Stohr" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[655,806,1376,1400]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FD02FAF1FCB9FAF3" box="[655,806,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FCC6FACEFC67FAF3" authority="Okanishi &amp; Fujita, 2018" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[843,1016,1375,1400]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family" sensu="stricto">Ophiolepididae</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FB91FAF1FB2CFAF3" authority="Okanishi &amp; Fujita, 2018" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[1052,1203,1376,1400]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FB91FAF1FB2CFAF3" box="[1052,1203,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D7D30FFC13400FB37FAF1FB6BFAFC" box="[1210,1268,1376,1399]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B851C59FFC13400FF4AFA14FD33F9FF" blockId="2.[151,1437,943,1725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
For the purposes of this study, we compare and contrast
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FCE2FA15FC75FA17" authority="Okanishi &amp; Fujita, 2018" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[879,1002,1412,1436]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FCE2FA15FC75FA17" box="[879,1002,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FBA7FA15FB5EFA17" authority="Okanishi &amp; Fujita, 2018" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[1066,1217,1412,1436]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FBA7FA15FB5EFA17" box="[1066,1217,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D7D30FFC13400FB40FA14FA92FA17" box="[1229,1293,1413,1436]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in terms of morphology. Main taxonomic characters of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FD05FA39FC9CFA4B" authority="Okanishi &amp; Fujita, 2018" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[648,771,1448,1472]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FD05FA39FC9CFA4B" box="[648,771,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FCB6FA39FC4DFA4B" authority="Okanishi &amp; Fujita, 2018" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[827,978,1448,1472]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FCB6FA39FC4DFA4B" box="[827,978,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D7D30FFC13400FC57FA39FB89FA34" box="[986,1046,1448,1471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are as follows: On the aboral disc surface, larger scales are surrounded by smaller scales in
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FCA8FA5DFC3FFA6F" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[805,928,1484,1508]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FCA8FA5DFC3FFA6F" box="[805,928,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while the disc scales of
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FB4CFA5DFAC7FA6F" authority="Okanishi &amp; Fujita, 2018" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[1217,1368,1484,1508]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FB4CFA5DFAC7FA6F" box="[1217,1368,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D7D30FFC13400FAEDFA5CFA03FA6F" box="[1376,1436,1485,1508]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are almost uniform in size.
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FE59FA61FDD0F983" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[468,591,1520,1544]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FE59FA61FDD0F983" box="[468,591,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has supplementary plates on the lateral side of the dorsal plates, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FF1AF985FEB1F9A7" authority="Okanishi &amp; Fujita, 2018" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,302,1556,1580]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiozonella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FF1AF985FEB1F9A7" box="[151,302,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiozonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27D7D30FFC13400FEB9F984FEF1F9A7" box="[308,366,1557,1580]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
lacks the supplementary plates (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB61A8FFC13400FC8AF985FCEAF9A6" author="Fell" box="[775,885,1556,1581]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Fell, H. B. (1960) Synoptic keys to the genera of Ophiuroidea. Zoology Publication from Victoria University of Wellington, 26, 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1960">Fell 1960</bibRefCitation>
). However, the value of these characters has been questioned because specimens with variations of these characters have been observed in both genera (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB61A8FFC13400FAB4F9A9FF4CF9FF" author="Devaney" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Devaney, D. M. (1974) Shallow-water echinoderms from British Honduras, with a description of a new species of Ophiocoma (Ophiuroidea). Bulletin of Marine Science, 24, 122 - 164." type="journal article" year="1974">Devaney 1974</bibRefCitation>
; Cherbonnier &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB61A8FFC13400FE00F9CDFD8AF9FF" author="Guille" box="[397,533,1628,1653]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Chebonnier, G. &amp; Guille, A. (1978) Echinoderms: Ophiurides. Faune de Madagascar. Vol. 48. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, 272 pp." type="book" year="1978">Guille 1978</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB61A8FFC13400FDACF9CDFD3FF9FF" author="Stohr" box="[545,672,1628,1653]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Stohr, S. (2011) New record and new species of Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from Lifou, Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia. Zootaxa, 3089, 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="2011">Stöhr 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B851C59FFC13400FF4AF910FC31F936" blockId="2.[151,1437,943,1725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
In this study, we define
<taxonomicName id="4C3A67DAFFC13400FE5DF911FDD4F913" authorityName="Okanishi &amp; Fujita" authorityYear="2018" box="[464,587,1664,1688]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Ophiolepididae" genus="Ophiolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94EC04BFFC13400FE5DF911FDD4F913" box="[464,587,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ophiolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as follows: two supplementary plates lateral to each dorsal arm plate; larger disc scales are regularly surrounded by smaller ones on aboral surface.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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