159 lines
16 KiB
XML
159 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="E42BED24D157C8FA763AEDBA52BD202D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.188392" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4683115e-4971-4b8f-bb75-1a3f9b104521" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="188392" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461090263440" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pitts, James P., Wilson, Joseph S., Williams, Kevin A. & Boehme, Nicole F." docDate="2009" docId="03933237FFE49836039EFB025525FF7A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02131p053.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2131" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sphaeropthalma megagnathos Schuster" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFAA4A4FFFCE981D0309FFCC5617FFA2" masterDocTitle="Velvet ants (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of the Algodones sand dunes of California, USA" masterLastPageNumber="53" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1698588327638" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E095E551368CC54E86A264F4BFC73BD4">
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<mods:title id="753B000A665B3B372374A58B5741B420">Velvet ants (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of the Algodones sand dunes of California, USA</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="E8AC0F3FB616F11BB676B3E3113702F9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0E8342F5FC9D3674906F11296BDFFD9B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0DC7158DA8F6796F32946483F98416FF">Pitts, James P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="9BD4F4B4A4FED40620936DB4D5E3857B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C7FFA5BD4635FE0539A273170DE47599">Wilson, Joseph S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="18DA6CEF99CE09F1F6EC38CAA12C059C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B777F03CD3F3861459CEE748B9530997">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="34C38C695D49B67BF5CB4748C1512199">Williams, Kevin A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8F608986DD0A21E4EEC7A8A252D1EE1C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D0617D5F291CDE87AD0B86F823ABF8AB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B47D5112FE489B6F67928587CA1F864D">Boehme, Nicole F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CA906E99899CA3CAF1A527D2F6846A0E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="034790D54B69F24FB79CE6C022E69379">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EA2FD4511D38E7D7842939500D461F34">
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<mods:date id="9C1663E2A7A1EDCF0C4B64E525500802">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="48768D495A4C5D236A5C12417B6C1E0C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="22170146BF3A5009487947543A57F92D">2131</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B6D067BA550BCFC3DCF2C2F435210EC0">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="1CED8C5817DEDCBE756F5F221817B491">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C29B1106564A21CCD2B5147410C5F3B0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.188392</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A3E4A1027D1E2BF062EC070AFA31F210" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03933237FFE49836039EFB025525FF7A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6225749" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119619700" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6225749" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03933237FFE49836039EFB025525FF7A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03933237FFE49836039EFB025525FF7A" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection id="C320D0AAFFE49837039EFB02546BFB4A" box="[151,636,1230,1256]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B858321FFE49837039EFB02546BFB4A" blockId="42.[151,636,1230,1256]" box="[151,636,1230,1256]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0CD344DFFE49837039EFB02546BFB4A" bold="true" box="[151,636,1230,1256]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3AF8A2FFE49837039EFB02546BFB4A" authority="Schuster" authorityName="Schuster" box="[151,636,1230,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megagnathos">
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE49837039EFB02546BFB4A" bold="true" box="[151,636,1230,1256]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE49837039EFB025410FB4A" bold="true" box="[151,519,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Sphaeropthalma megagnathos</emphasis>
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Schuster
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C320D0AAFFE49837039EFAD8552AFA29" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B858321FFE49837039EFAD85547FAE9" blockId="42.[151,1437,1300,1419]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3AF8A2FFE49837039EFAD855B8FA89" authority="Schuster, 1958" authorityName="Schuster" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,943,1300,1323]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="megagnathos" subGenus="Photopsis" subSpecies="megagnathos">
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE49837039EFAD85751FA89" box="[151,326,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Sphaeropthalma</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE498370253FAD857D4FA89" box="[346,451,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Photopsis</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE4983702DEFAD854E8FA89" box="[471,767,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">megagnathos megagnathos</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABFED0FFE498370003FAD855B8FA89" author="Schuster" box="[778,943,1300,1323]" pageId="42" pageNumber="53" refString="Schuster, R. M. (1958) A revision of the sphaeropthalmine Mutillidae of America north of Mexico. II. Entomologica Americana, 37, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1958">Schuster, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Ent. Amer. (n. s.) 37: 36. Male.
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<typeStatus id="54813D83FFE498370638FAD8538FFA89" box="[1329,1432,1300,1323]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: Arizona, Ehrenberg,
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<date id="FF84A5E1FFE4983702AFFAF8543AFAE9" box="[422,557,1332,1355]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1939-04-27">27.Apr.1939</date>
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, coll. F.H. Parker (UMSP).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B858321FFE49837039EFA98552AFA29" blockId="42.[151,1437,1300,1419]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3AF8A2FFE49837039EFA985571FAC9" authority="Schuster, 1958" authorityName="Schuster" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,870,1364,1387]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="megagnathos" subGenus="Photopsis" subSpecies="aurifera">
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE49837039EFA985751FAC9" box="[151,326,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Sphaeropthalma</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE49837025FFA9857A8FAC9" box="[342,447,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Photopsis</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE4983702D9FA9854A9FAC9" box="[464,702,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">megagnathos aurifera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFABFED0FFE4983701CCFA985571FAC9" author="Schuster" box="[709,870,1364,1387]" pageId="42" pageNumber="53" refString="Schuster, R. M. (1958) A revision of the sphaeropthalmine Mutillidae of America north of Mexico. II. Entomologica Americana, 37, 1 - 130." type="journal article" year="1958">Schuster, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Ent. Amer. (n. s.) 37: 36. Male.
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<typeStatus id="54813D83FFE4983707C4FA985323FAC9" box="[1229,1332,1364,1387]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: Arizona, Tinajas Atlas Mountains, 1905, coll. W.J. McGee (UMSP).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C320D0AAFFE49837039EFA77528BF941" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B858321FFE49837039EFA77528BF941" blockId="42.[151,1437,1466,2034]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE49837039EFA775766FA76" box="[151,369,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis of male</emphasis>
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. The male of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3AF8A2FFE498370113FA7754C1FA76" box="[538,726,1467,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megagnathos">
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE498370113FA7754C1FA76" box="[538,726,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. megagnathos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be separated easily from all other nocturnal species by mandibular morphology: the mandibles are very broadly dilated, especially ventral portion apically, distally much wider than width at ventral angulation, the ventral basal tooth of the mandible is small, and the apex is vertical (see Pitts, 2006:
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<figureCitation id="13019FA4FFE4983702BFF9E257EBF9EA" box="[438,508,1582,1608]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 22" captionStartId="8.[151,271,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,186,1903]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,177,1925]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 22. Dorsal view of genitalia, except Figs. 15, 17, 19, and 21 lateral view of cuspis. 7. Odontophotopsis ambigua; 8. O. arcuata; 9. O. aufidia; 10. O. biramosa; 11. O. clypeata; 12. O. inconspicua; 13. O. melicausa; 14 and 15. O. obscura; 16 and 17. O. parva; 18 and 19. O. quadrispinosa; 20 and 21 O. sonora; and 22. O. villosa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188394/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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). Also, the head is long and parallel posteriorly, the clypeus is deeply depressed below the dorsal mandibular margin, the mesosternum lacks tubercles, the wings are yellowish-hyaline, and the sternal felt line is absent. The genitalic morphology also is diagnostic (see Pitts, 2006:
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<figureCitation id="13019FA4FFE4983707EBF9B05379F934" box="[1250,1390,1660,1686]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 22" captionStartId="8.[151,271,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,186,1903]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,177,1925]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 22. Dorsal view of genitalia, except Figs. 15, 17, 19, and 21 lateral view of cuspis. 7. Odontophotopsis ambigua; 8. O. arcuata; 9. O. aufidia; 10. O. biramosa; 11. O. clypeata; 12. O. inconspicua; 13. O. melicausa; 14 and 15. O. obscura; 16 and 17. O. parva; 18 and 19. O. quadrispinosa; 20 and 21 O. sonora; and 22. O. villosa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/188394/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 17–19</figureCitation>
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). In some specimens the coloration of the integument and setae are bright orange, while in others the setal coloration varies from orange to white and the integument is stramineous to castaneous.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C320D0AAFFE4983703CCF93C57B0F8A8" box="[197,423,1776,1802]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B858321FFE4983703CCF93C57B0F8A8" blockId="42.[151,1437,1466,2034]" box="[197,423,1776,1802]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE4983703CCF93C5733F8AB" box="[197,292,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Female.</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C320D0AAFFE4983703CCF8DB54FFF892" box="[197,744,1814,1840]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B858321FFE4983703CCF8DB54FFF892" blockId="42.[151,1437,1466,2034]" box="[197,744,1814,1840]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE4983703CCF8DB574BF892" box="[197,348,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Arizona, California, and Nevada.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C320D0AAFFE4983703CCF8F15710F806" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B858321FFE4983703CCF8F15710F806" blockId="42.[151,1437,1466,2034]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE4983703CCF8F157B8F8F4" box="[197,431,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Material Examined</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE4983702B6F8F157ECF8F5" bold="true" box="[447,507,1853,1879]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<collectingCountry id="F32DC3B1FFE4983702B6F8F157ECF8F5" box="[447,507,1853,1879]" name="United States of America" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">USA</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE498370105F8F15487F8F5" bold="true" box="[524,656,1853,1879]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">California</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C3AF8A2FFE4983701A8F8F1527CF8F5" authority="Co., Algodones Sand Dunes" authorityName="Co., Algodones Sand Dunes" box="[673,1131,1853,1879]" class="Anthozoa" family="Aurelianidae" genus="Imperial" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Actiniaria" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE4983701A8F8F1552CF8F4" box="[673,827,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Imperial Co.</emphasis>
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, Algodones Sand Dunes
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<quantity id="4CC22EC4FFE49837077EF8F152B8F8F5" box="[1143,1199,1853,1879]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mi</quantity>
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W Glamis,
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<specimenCount id="9D3C48A8FFE49837064BF8F15380F8F5" box="[1346,1431,1853,1879]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="FF84A5E1FFE49837039EF8A8572FF8DC" box="[151,312,1892,1918]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1998-05-31">31.May.1998</date>
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, Gates and Clark (
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<collectionCode id="ED2B1BE4FFE498370111F8A85467F8DC" box="[536,624,1892,1918]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m2jc-wmeq" name="University of California, Riverside" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">UCRC</collectionCode>
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); Glamis,
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<specimenCount id="9D3C48A8FFE4983701E4F8A85556F8DC" box="[749,833,1892,1918]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="FF84A5E1FFE498370047F8A855F0F8DC" box="[846,999,1892,1918]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1970-04-23">23.Apr.1970</date>
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, coll. A.R. Hardy and J.W. Prichard (
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<collectionCode id="ED2B1BE4FFE498370396F84656ECF806" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" box="[159,251,1930,1956]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">LACM</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C320D0AAFFE4983603CFF87D5525FF7A" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B858321FFE4983603CFF87D5525FF7A" blockId="42.[151,1437,1466,2034]" lastBlockId="43.[151,1436,152,216]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B94E5F33FFE4983703CFF87D5722F868" box="[198,309,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Remarks.</emphasis>
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This species is not common on the Algodones Sand Dunes, but is widespread and common in other parts of its range. This species was reviewed by Pitts (2006) and varies in coloration of the integument and setae from having stramineous integument with whitish setae to orangish integument and setae. The specimens collected on the dunes were of the paler form.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |