273 lines
21 KiB
XML
273 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.67.6703" ID-PMC="PMC4972245" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-67-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D846EB3F7746FFFE4A469751FFEF3B22" ID-PubMed="27536193" ID-Zenodo-Dep="133270" ModsDocID="1314-2003-67-1" checkinTime="1469054247116" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kriebel, Ricardo" docDate="2016" docId="D40EDCA174E902BA35F8C741335C2066" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 67: 1-326" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 67" docPubDate="2016-07-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.67.6703" docTitle="Conostegia brenesiana Kriebel 2016, nom. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="D846EB3F7746FFFE4A469751FFEF3B22" lastPageNumber="150" masterDocId="D846EB3F7746FFFE4A469751FFEF3B22" masterDocTitle="A Monograph of Conostegia (Melastomataceae, Miconieae)" masterLastPageNumber="326" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="148" updateTime="1668141747722" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A Monograph of Conostegia (Melastomataceae, Miconieae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kriebel, Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 430 Lincoln Drive Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">kriebelr@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2016-07-20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>67</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>326</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.67.6703</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.67.6703</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-67-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">D846EB3F7746FFFE4A469751FFEF3B22</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">133270</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127858367" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D40EDCA174E902BA35F8C741335C2066" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D40EDCA174E902BA35F8C741335C2066" lastPageId="150" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">
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<subSubSection pageId="147" pageNumber="148" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="147" pageNumber="148">
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<taxonomicName LSID="D40EDCA1-74E9-02BA-35F8-C741335C2066" authority="Kriebel" authorityName="Kriebel" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Conostegia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Conostegia brenesiana" order="Myrtales" pageId="147" pageNumber="148" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesiana" status="nom. nov.">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="147" pageNumber="148" start="start">Conostegia</pageBreakToken>
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brenesiana Kriebel
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="147" pageNumber="148">nom. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 137" captionStartId="F137" captionText="Figure 137. Conostegia brenesiana. A Branch showing plinerved leaf venation with slightly asymmetrical venation B Leaf abaxial surface showing strongly asymmetrical leaf venation C Inflorescence D Close up of the flower E Flower buds and subtending bracteoles F Longitudal section of a flower bud with the style removed G Pickled flower H Longitudal section of a flower I Close up of the ovary apex. Note brown glands in the inner hypanthium wall and ovary apex J Petal K Stamen side view L Stamen ventral view M Style. Photographs A-D taken by Kenji Nishida E-M from photographs of specimen vouchered R. Kriebel 3665." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.67.6703.figure137" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/96495" pageId="147" pageNumber="148">Fig. 137</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kriebel" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Conostegia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Conostegia brenesiana" order="Myrtales" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesiana" status="nom. nov.">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="148" pageNumber="149" start="start">Conostegia</pageBreakToken>
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brenesiana
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</taxonomicName>
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Kriebel. Based on:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kriebel" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Miconia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Miconia brenesii" order="Myrtales" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesii" status="nom. nov.">Miconia brenesii</taxonomicName>
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Standl, Field Mus. Nat. Hist, Bot. Ser. 18: 816. 1938. Type: Costa Rica. Alajuela: Santiago de San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ramón">Ramon</normalizedToken>
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, January 1937, A. Brenes 21981 (holotype: F!, isotypes: CR!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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Small trees 1.5-10 m tall with rounded-quadrate stems that are moderately to sparsely ferrugineous scurfy or stellulate-puberulent, to almost glabrous; the nodal line present but inconspicuous. Leaves at a node equal to unequal in length. Petioles 0.4-2 cm. Leaf blades 4-14.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.2-4.7 cm, 3-5 plinerved, with the innermost pair of primary veins diverging from the midvein 0.4-2 cm above the base in opposite or generally alternate fashion, elliptic, the base acute to obtuse and typically asymmetrical, the apex attenuate to acuminate, the margin entire to distally crenulate, the adaxial surface glabrous, the abaxial syrface glabrous on the surface and scurfy puberulent to glabrous on the veins, frequently with white dots irregularly spread on the lamina. Inflorescence a terminal panicle 2.8-7.5 cm long branching at or above the base, the rachis glabrous to scurfy puberulent, the branches very thin, the bracteoles 0.5-1 mm, narrowly triangular to subulate, persistent and fused basallly forming a shallow inconspicuous nodal collar or elevated ridge. Pedicels 0.5-2 mm. Flowers 5 merous, not calyptrate, floral buds 1.5-3.75
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.9-2.0 mm, the hypanthuim 1.5-2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.25-1.75 mm, scurfy puberulent, calyx tube ca. 0.1 mm long, the calyx lobes depressed undulate, 0.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1 mm, the calyx teeth bluntly triangular, 0.25 mm long, equaling or barely exceeding the calyx lobes. Petals 1.5-2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1-1.5 mm, white, oblong, glabrous reflexed, emarginate. Stamens 10, 2-2.5 mm long, actinomorphic, the filaments 1.25-1.75 mm, with a geniculation near the middle, white, anthers 0.5-1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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0.25-0.55 mm, cuneate in outline and widest at the apex, white or yellow, the connective prolonged briefly below thecae, the pore subterminal ca. 0.3 mm wide, dorsally inclined. Ovary 5 locular, inferior, glabrous or scurfy puberulent apically. Style 3.25-4 mm long, straight, vertical distance from stamens to stigma ca. 0.5-1 mm, horizontal distance absent, the stigma punctiform to truncate, ca. 0.35 wide. Berry 4.25-5.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4.25-5.25 mm, purple black. Seeds 0.34-0.5 mm long, more or less pyramidal, frequently asymmetrical.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="973921" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.67.6703.figure137" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/96495" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" start="Figure 137" startId="F137">
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Figure 137.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kriebel" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Conostegia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Conostegia brenesiana" order="Myrtales" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Conostegia brenesiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">A</emphasis>
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Branch showing plinerved leaf venation with slightly asymmetrical venation
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">B</emphasis>
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Leaf abaxial surface showing strongly asymmetrical leaf venation
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">C</emphasis>
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Inflorescence
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">D</emphasis>
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Close up of the flower
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">E</emphasis>
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Flower buds and subtending bracteoles
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">F</emphasis>
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Longitudal section of a flower bud with the style removed
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">G</emphasis>
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Pickled flower
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">H</emphasis>
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Longitudal section of a flower
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">I</emphasis>
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Close up of the ovary apex. Note brown glands in the inner hypanthium wall and ovary apex
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">J</emphasis>
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Petal
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">K</emphasis>
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Stamen side view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">L</emphasis>
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Stamen ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">M</emphasis>
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Style. Photographs
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">A-D</emphasis>
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taken by Kenji Nishida
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">E-M</emphasis>
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from photographs of specimen vouchered
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">R. Kriebel 3665</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="149" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 138" captionStartId="F138" captionText="Figure 138. Distribution of Conostegia brenesiana." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.67.6703.figure138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/96496" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">138</figureCitation>
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). Endemic to cloud forests in Costa Rica from 550-2100 m elevation.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="973923" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.67.6703.figure138" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/96496" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" start="Figure 138" startId="F138">
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<paragraph pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Figure 138.</emphasis>
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Distribution of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kriebel" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Conostegia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Conostegia brenesiana" order="Myrtales" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Conostegia brenesiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph lastPageId="149" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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The epithet
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kriebel" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Conostegia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="brenesiana" order="Myrtales" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">brenesiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was chosen for this species because
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Conostegia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="brenesii" order="Myrtales" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">brenesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is preempted by
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Conostegia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Conostegia brenesii" order="Myrtales" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Conostegia brenesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Standl.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kriebel" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Conostegia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Conostegia brenesiana" order="Myrtales" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Conostegia brenesiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be recognized because of its almost glabrous vegetative parts, plinerved leaves frequently with asymmetric venation, wiry inflorescences with persistent bracteoles and small five merous flowers. In addition, this species has the widest anther pores in
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Conostegia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Conostegia" order="Myrtales" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Conostegia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and some of the smallest anthers.
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<bibRefCitation author="Almeda, F" journalOrPublisher="Flora Mesoamericana" pageId="239" pageNumber="240" pagination="164 - 338" refId="B8" refString="Almeda, F, 2009. Melastomataceae. Flora Mesoamericana vol. 4: 164 - 338" title="Melastomataceae." volume="vol. 4" year="2009">Almeda (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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reports the ovary of this species as glabrous. The specimen I studied from spirit had small glands suggesting intraspecific variation. Further observations should be made in this species considering it is also variable in anther color.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="149" pageNumber="150" start="start">Some</pageBreakToken>
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specimens report the flowers as totally white while others report the anthers as yellow. An interesting aspect of this variation concerns the possible transition of pollination systems in this species.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kriebel" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Conostegia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Conostegia brenesiana" order="Myrtales" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brenesiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Conostegia brenesiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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inhabits cloud forests mainly at middle elevation but spanning a broad range. An interesting hypothesis to test is if the more white flowers occur at higher elevations where the buzz pollinated species tend to decline. The species already presents the broad anther pores which in themselves hint to a transition that might be happening. One specimen from Cerro Hornito in western Panama (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Kriebel and Burke 5752</emphasis>
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) might represent this species but the inflorescence is too immature to tell.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="150" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="150" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<collectingCountry name="Costa Rica">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Alajuela">Alajuela</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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: La Palma de San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ramón">Ramon</normalizedToken>
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, Brenes 5232, 6768 (CR, NY); Los Angeles (Silencia) de San Ramon, Brenes 17081 (CR, NY); San Pedro near San Ramon, Brenes 5052 (NY); Cerro de San Rafael de San Ramon, Brenes 22414 (CR, NY); Reserva forestal San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ramón">Ramon</normalizedToken>
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, slope above and in the valley of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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San Lorencito, Burger et al. 12130 (CR, MO, NY); Guatuso, P.N.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
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<pageBreakToken pageId="150" pageNumber="151" start="start">Tenorio</pageBreakToken>
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, Cuenca del
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Frío">Frio</normalizedToken>
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, Alto Masis, Chaves and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
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361 (CR, INB, MO, NY);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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San Lorenzo, Kriebel 931 (INB); Finca La Paz, San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ramón">Ramon</normalizedToken>
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, Kriebel 1477 (INB, NY); Alfaro Ruiz, P. N. Juan Castro Blanco, Cuenca alta del
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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La Vieja, Solano and Cerling 2696 (INB, NY).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
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<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Cartago">Cartago</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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: Kiri Lodge, Sendero el
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Colibrí">Colibri</normalizedToken>
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, Kriebel 3665 (INB, MO, NY).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
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<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Guanacaste">Guanacaste</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Biológica">Biologica</normalizedToken>
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Cacao, Trail to Cacao summit aprox.
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
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from station alongside trail, Boyle 7203 (INB, NY); P.N. Guanacaste, Sector Cacao, Kriebel et al. 879 (INB);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
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Pitilla, sobre la fila al Cerro Orosilito, Robles et al. 2815 (INB, MO).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
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<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Heredia">Heredia</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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: Santa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bárbara">Barbara</normalizedToken>
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, Posada
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Poás">Poas</normalizedToken>
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, Kriebel 1255 (INB, NY); Vara Blanca de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sarapiquí">Sarapiqui</normalizedToken>
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north slope of Central Cordillera between
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Poás">Poas</normalizedToken>
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and Barba volcanoes, Skutch 3455 (CR, NY);
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
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NO de Varablanca hacia finca Murillo, Proyecto ALAS, Solano,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Santamaría">Santamaria</normalizedToken>
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2134 (INB, NY).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
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<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="Puntarenas">Puntarenas</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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: Cordillera de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tilarán">Tilaran</normalizedToken>
|
||
, San Luis,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Veracruz, Monteverde, Fuentes 690 (CR, MO).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Costa Rica" name="San Jose">
|
||
San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: San
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jerónimo">Jeronimo</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Moravia,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
NE del peaje, en el
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="límite">limite</normalizedToken>
|
||
con el P. N. Braulio Carrillo, Kriebel 1113 (INB) forest near
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Hondura, Lent 1352 (CR, MO, NY); P. N. Braulio Carrillo, Faldas del cerro junto al
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Zurquí">Zurqui</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Sector Santa Elena, Vargas and Castillo 3473 (INB, NY).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |