190 lines
17 KiB
XML
190 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.674.11435" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f04c1841-68d9-4721-a182-fee61c6c985f" ID-PMC="PMC5523201" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-674-1" ID-PubMed="28824280" ID-ZBK="6B58CAA7036A4F078AA4DA14BFA99D83" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-674-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 674" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical green lacewing genus Ungla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae)" checkinTime="1555320290349" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tauber, Catherine A., Sosa, Francisco, Albuquerque, Gilberto S. & Tauber, Maurice J." docDate="2017" docId="5B2FB0E151AE8EB1ECF2C30086D3066F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 674: 1-188" docOrigin="ZooKeys 674" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.674.11435" docTitle="Ungla stangei Tauber, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="20764E07-491E-445C-85DB-2DF49322BB53" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="E951072F3D22FF9CFFEEFFBC201DFFB1" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical green lacewing genus Ungla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae)" masterLastPageNumber="188" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="71" updateTime="1668164468180" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the Neotropical green lacewing genus Ungla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tauber, Catherine A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sosa, Francisco</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Albuquerque, Gilberto S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tauber, Maurice J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>674</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>188</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.674.11435</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.674.11435</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-674-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">6B58CAA7036A4F078AA4DA14BFA99D83</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6B58CAA7036A4F078AA4DA14BFA99D83</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156200995" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:20764E07-491E-445C-85DB-2DF49322BB53" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B2FB0E151AE8EB1ECF2C30086D3066F" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<subSubSection pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/20764E07-491E-445C-85DB-2DF49322BB53" authority="Tauber" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla stangei" order="Neuroptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stangei">Ungla stangei Tauber</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="70" pageNumber="71">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 144f
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Holotype</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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(Figs 88
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–e">a-e</normalizedToken>
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, 90d, 92d, 144f). CAS, male. Bolivia, La Paz, Rio Zongo, 3200 m, 24-30/XI/1984, L. E. Pena.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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Figure 88.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla stangei" order="Neuroptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stangei">Ungla stangei</taxonomicName>
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Tauber, sp. n. External features, (a) head, dorsal (b) head, frontal (c) head, lateral (d) head, thorax, dorsal (e) head, thorax, ventral (f) male abdominal spiracle (all: Bolivia, La Paz, male;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–e">a-e</normalizedToken>
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holotype, CAS; f paratype, CAS).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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Figure 89.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla stangei" order="Neuroptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stangei">Ungla stangei</taxonomicName>
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Tauber, sp. n. Wings, (a) venation emphasized (b) coloration of veins emphasized (Bolivia, La Paz, paratypes, male, CAS).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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The species is named for Lionel A. Stange, a life-long student of the systematics and natural history of myrmeleontoid
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" order="Neuroptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="order">Neuroptera</taxonomicName>
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, an enthusiastic, generous collector of Neuropteran specimens, colleague, and friend.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="71" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="71" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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Like
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<taxonomicName lsidName="U. laufferi" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="laufferi">U. laufferi</taxonomicName>
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(above), adults of this species are recognized by their light green body color, yellow longitudinal stripe dorsally, and distinctive pair of red spots on the vertex in place of the inverted U-shaped mark that typifies most
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
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species. Despite the similarities of the two species,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="U. stangei" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="stangei">U. stangei</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished by several notable external features: (1) larger wings (forewing length = 17.1-17.6 mm, versus 13.5-15.9 mm in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="U. laufferi" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="laufferi">U. laufferi</taxonomicName>
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), (2) wings with a greater number of gradate cells, all of which are long and narrow (n = 9-10 gradate cells; third gradate cell 2.23-2.74 mm long; fourth gradate cell 2.39-2.74 mm long), versus a smaller number of gradate cells, all of which are shorter and wider in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="U. laufferi" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" rank="species" species="laufferi">U. laufferi</taxonomicName>
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(n = 6-7 gradate cells; third gradate cell
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<pageBreakToken pageId="71" pageNumber="72" start="start">1.88</pageBreakToken>
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-2.22 mm long; fourth gradate cell 1.86-2.36 mm long), (3) heavy setation on the pleural region of the terminal abdominal segments (A7, A8+9) (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="U. stangei" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="stangei">U. stangei</taxonomicName>
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: dense covering of elongate setae arising from enlarged setal bases;
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<taxonomicName lsidName="U. laufferi" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="laufferi">U. laufferi</taxonomicName>
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: a sparse covering of long setae arising from small setal bases).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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The three male specimens of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="U. stangei" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="stangei">U. stangei</taxonomicName>
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that we examined appeared somewhat teneral. In all three, the abdomen and genitalia were soft, flexible, and very lightly sclerotized; the arms of the gonarcus were elongate and flexible - extending fully around and below the gonosaccus; and the mediuncus was broad, rounded, and somewhat soft at the base. We are hesitant to ascribe taxonomic significance to these features.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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Head yellow to whitish cream-colored with red to reddish black markings; vertex smooth, often shiny, with inverted U-shaped marking reduced to two anterolateral red spots; fossae, posterior parts of vertex, area between antennae unmarked; frons cream-colored, with dark red markings laterally between base of antenna and margin of eyes, small to large red mesal spot between base of antennae and clypeus; clypeus with dark red mark on lateral margin; tentorial pits amber-colored; gena with reddish black to black stripe. Antenna with scape, pedicel, flagellum cream-colored, un
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<pageBreakToken pageId="72" pageNumber="73" start="start">marked</pageBreakToken>
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; maxillary palp with basal two segments pale, three distal segments black with articulations pale; labial palp with basal segment pale, distal two segments with black.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Thorax green, with distinct longitudinal yellow stripe mesally; prothorax with transverse furrow in central region of segment, extending almost to lateral margins; setae mostly elongate, pale. Measurements: head width: 1.5-1.6 mm; ratio head width: eye width: 2.3-2.8: 1; prothorax width: 1.0-1.1 mm, length: 0.8 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="73" pageNumber="74" start="start">Forewing</pageBreakToken>
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, hindwing elongate, with acute tips; membrane mostly clear, hyaline, with brown, fumose areas around brown veins or brown markings on veins; stigma clear to slightly opaque; longitudinal veins mostly green; transverse veins mostly green, with brown at intersections; gradate veins, r-m crossveins, distal crossveins of most
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<normalizedToken originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
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cells entirely brown. Forewing 16.0-17.6 mm long, 5.0-6.0 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 2.9-3.0: 1); height of tallest costal cell 1.3-1.5 mm (cell number 5-6); width of first intramedian cell 0.9-1.0 mm; 14-18 radial cells (closed cells between R and Rs); third gradate cell 2.2-2.7 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 4.8-5.5: 1); fourth gradate cell 2.4-2.7 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 5.1-6.0: 1); 3-4 Banksian cells (b cells), 5-6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
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cells; 9-12 inner gradates, 9-11 outer gradates. Hindwing 15.1-15.7 mm long, 4.8-5.0 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 3.1: 1), 8-16 radial cells, 3-4 Banksian (b) cells, 5-6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
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cells, 10-11 inner gradates, 8-10 outer gradates.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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Male. Abdomen with small spiracles (e.g., A7: spiracle diameter ~0.03
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of sternite); T9+ectoproct relatively long (~half length of T7), with dorsal invagination moderately deep (~0.4x dorsal length of T9+ect), margins of invagination almost straight, base rounded; dorsal margin of T9+ect rounded distally (above anus), often compressed, thus appearing straight; posterior margin of ectoproct relatively straight, posteroventral
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<pageBreakToken pageId="74" pageNumber="75" start="start">corner</pageBreakToken>
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slightly extended distally, with small knob; ventral margin lightly sclerotized except anteriorly; callus cerci large, ovate, margin sclerotized on sides and bottom, not top; sclerotization contiguous with that on ventral margin of ectoproct. S8+9 fused, with line of fusion perceptible; dorsum tapering abruptly to shallow platform at
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
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distance to tip of segment, dorsal margin fairly regular; terminus concave to flat, extended distally, but not beyond T9+ect, flat, distal margin upturned, heavily sclerotized, with distal projection ventrally; setae simple (without flanges), slender, mostly long. Gonarcus (teneral) circular, with bridge slender, arms elongate, curving in complete circle below bridge, mesal section probably with process extending posteriorly; mediuncus rounded, hollow basally, extending distally or downward to blunt, curved hook; bilobed gonosaccus, each lobe with single patch of large gonosetae probably facing mesally; gonosetae arising from enlarged setal bases; hypandrium internum not found.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
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<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
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Figure 90.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla stangei" order="Neuroptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stangei">Ungla stangei</taxonomicName>
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Tauber, sp. n. Male abdomen (slightly teneral), (a) abdominal segments A7-terminus, lateral (b) terminalia, lateral (c) S8+9, ventral (d) T8, T9+ectoproct, dorsal [Note invagination.]. c.c. callus cerci g gonarcal complex inv dorsal invagination of T9+ectoproct k sclerotized knob at tip of S9 sp spiracle S8+9 fused eighth and ninth sternites T7, T8 seventh, eighth tergites T9+e fused ninth tergite and ectoproct (all: Bolivia, La Paz;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
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paratype, CAS; d holotype, CAS).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
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<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
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Figure 91.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla stangei" order="Neuroptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stangei">Ungla stangei</taxonomicName>
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Tauber, sp. n. Male genitalia (mature), (a) gonarcus, dorsal (b) gonarcus, frontal (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="c–f">c-f</normalizedToken>
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) gonarcus, lateral. gsac gonosaccus g.ap. gonarcal apodeme g.br. gonarcal bridge mu mediuncus pr unarticulated process on frontal margin of gonarcal apodeme s.p. setose subanal plate (all: Peru, Andahuaylas, paratype, CAS).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
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<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
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Figure 92.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla stangei" order="Neuroptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stangei">Ungla stangei</taxonomicName>
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Tauber, sp. n. Male genitalia (teneral), (a) gonarcus, posterolateral (b) gonarcus and tip of S9, lateral (c) S8+9 ventral [Note sclerotized knob at tip of S9.] (d) gonarcal complex, dorsal g gonarcal complex gsac gonosaccus g.br. gonarcal bridge k sclerotized knob at tip of S9 mu mediuncus s.p. setose subanal plate (all: Bolivia, La Paz;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
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paratype, CAS; d holotype, CAS).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Known distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">BOLIVIA: State of La Paz. ECUADOR: Province of Pichincha. PERU: Province of Andahuaylas. All localities at ~3000 meters elevation.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Specimens examined</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">(in addition to holotype). 4M, 1F, one without abdomen, all with same data as holotype (all paratypes, CAS). Ecuador. Pichincha: near Quito, 20-VII-1989, L. Stange & R. Miller (1F, paratype, FSCA). Peru. Andahuaylas: 5 mi. N. of Andahuaylas, 7-III-1951, Ross & Michelbacher (1M, paratype, CAS).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="74" pageNumber="75">The specimens from Bolivia and Ecuador vary somewhat in the depth of coloration in their markings and in the size of their wings, but all exhibit all of the markings mentioned in the description. In comparison, the marks on the sole specimen from Peru are light, and its wings are slightly shorter; most notably, it appears to lack a marking on the frons. We suspect that the natural coloration of this specimen has faded; but, we cannot exclude the possibility of individual variation or a pale colored population. This specimen is the only male that is not teneral.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |