243 lines
29 KiB
XML
243 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="15182CE4CD6379D1D122D7B7E36E9FAB" ID-CLB-Dataset="56755" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6397752" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397752" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1648655544658" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="4C3D87E8FFEE6A51FF8C904A1411BFB8" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Vespertilionidae_716.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Pipistrellus javanicus" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="779" masterDocId="B004FF90FFFB6A44FFFC96591E00BB32" masterDocTitle="Vespertilionidae" masterLastPageNumber="981" masterPageNumber="716" pageNumber="779" updateTime="1718993610009" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:titleInfo id="15F58E64BAA2F9918CB0755445121705">
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<mods:title id="06FCC54DF3E3831D785E897DB045266F">Vespertilionidae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DBE57CA4146F32D273C21F1B22F6E1E7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E61481FFEFDB21235735D45A9E926418">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="26D65E2EAADD53CC55BCB76A99022353">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="EF1A7FAE2271C832C1DA9A30620CB9C9">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="67396D7987DDE86A3E5443DADC356733" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="4059C0B33BBB9350475CBCED2B1B17BF">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="C2E0DA13E0DF897B7EA989EF2DC49506">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="0890FDC83BBCEDC0E147627597973898">
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<mods:title id="733285D9BEA7CF9A79FF13A3AB3F2696">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="ADA3573307E6692E41F3068FC67746CF">716</mods:start>
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<treatment id="4C3D87E8FFEE6A51FF8C904A1411BFB8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6578091" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195628518" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6578091" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C3D87E8FFEE6A51FF8C904A1411BFB8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C3D87E8FFEE6A51FF8C904A1411BFB8" lastPageNumber="779" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FF8C904A1EA9BD73" blockId="21.[110,1016,1555,1681]" box="[112,169,1555,1601]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<heading id="9F638192FFEE6A51FF8C904A1EA9BD73" box="[112,169,1555,1601]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<figureCitation id="5CAF2A7BFFEE6A51FF8C904A1EA9BD73" box="[112,169,1555,1601]" captionStart="Plate 56: Vespertilionidae" captionStartId="13.[123,155,3277,3298]" captionTargetBox="[12,2758,16,3657]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="18. Common Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus pipistrellus), 19. Soprano Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus pygmaeus), 20. Crete Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus creticus), 21. Hanak’s Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus hanaki), 22. Nathusius’s Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nathusii), 23. Madeira Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus maderensis), 24. Kuhl’s Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus kuhlii), 25. Dusky Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus hesperidus), 26. Rusty Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus rusticus), 27. Tiny Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nanulus), 28. Aellen’s Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus inexspectatus), 29. Mount GarguesPipistrelle (Pipustrellus aero), 30. Dar-es-Salaam Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus permixtus), 31. Racey’s Pipistrelle (Puipustrellus raceyi), 32. Dhofar Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus dhofarensis), 33. Japanese Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus abramus), 34. Endo’s Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus endoi), 35. Sturdee’s Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus sturdeei), 36. Javan Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus javanicus), 37. Indian Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus coromandra), 38. Kelaart’s Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus ceylonicus), 39. Least Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus tenuis), 40. Mount Popa Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus paterculus), 41. Narrow-winged Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus stenopterus), 42. Minahassa Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus minahassae), 43. Greater Papuan Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus collinus), 44. Lesser Papuan Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus papuanus), 45. New Guinea Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus angulatus), 46. Watts’s Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus wattsi), 47. Northern Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus westralis), 48. Forest Pipistrelle (Pipustrellus adamsi)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6398502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6398502/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">36.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FF4D904A1C04BD73" box="[177,516,1555,1601]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FF4D904A1C04BD73" blockId="21.[110,1016,1555,1681]" box="[177,516,1555,1601]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<heading id="9F638192FFEE6A51FF4D904A1C04BD73" box="[177,516,1555,1601]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFEE6A51FF4D904A1C04BD73" ID-CoL="4J6KN" authority="(Gray, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[177,516,1555,1601]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">Javan Pipistrelle</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FDBB904A1DCBBD73" box="[583,971,1555,1601]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FDBB904A1DCBBD73" blockId="21.[110,1016,1555,1681]" box="[583,971,1555,1601]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<heading id="9F638192FFEE6A51FDBB904A1DCBBD73" box="[583,971,1555,1601]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FDBB904A1DCBBD73" ID-CoL="4J6KN" authority="(Gray, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[583,971,1555,1601]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FDBB904A1DCBBD73" box="[583,971,1555,1601]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Pipistrellus javanicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FF8C900A1C03BDA2" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FF8C900A1DF7BD5A" blockId="21.[110,1016,1555,1681]" box="[112,1015,1619,1640]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<heading id="9F638192FFEE6A51FF8C900A1DF7BD5A" box="[112,1015,1619,1640]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FF8C900A1EBBBD5A" bold="true" box="[112,187,1619,1640]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFEE6A51FF39900A1F76BD5A" ID-CoL="4J6KN" authority="(Gray, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[197,374,1619,1640]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">
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Pipistrelle de
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFEE6A51FEB0900A1F76BD5A" box="[332,374,1619,1640]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Java</collectingRegion>
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</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FE70900A1FE6BD5A" bold="true" box="[396,486,1619,1640]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFEE6A51FE13900A1CD2BD5A" ID-CoL="4J6KN" authority="(Gray, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[495,722,1619,1640]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">Java-Zwergfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FD1A900A1D41BD5A" bold="true" box="[742,833,1619,1640]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFEE6A51FCB0900A1DF7BD5A" ID-CoL="4J6KN" authority="(Gray, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[844,1015,1619,1640]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">
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<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFEE6A51FCB0900A1DA5BD5A" ID-CoL="4J6KN" authority="(Gray, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[844,933,1619,1640]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">Pipistrela</vernacularName>
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de
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFEE6A51FC31900A1DF7BD5A" box="[973,1015,1619,1640]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Java</collectingRegion>
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FF9390221C03BDA2" blockId="21.[110,1016,1555,1681]" box="[111,515,1659,1680]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<heading id="9F638192FFEE6A51FF9390221C03BDA2" box="[111,515,1659,1680]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FF9390221F66BDA2" bold="true" box="[111,358,1659,1680]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Other common names:</emphasis>
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||
<vernacularName id="4A9746D0FFEE6A51FE9390221C03BDA2" ID-CoL="4J6KN" authority="(Gray, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[367,515,1659,1680]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFEE6A51FE9390221F99BDA2" box="[367,409,1659,1680]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Java</collectingRegion>
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Pipistrelle
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</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FD2990E51D1FBC36" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FD2990E51D1FBC36" blockId="21.[725,1318,1724,2151]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FD2990E51D70BDEF" bold="true" box="[725,880,1724,1757]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FC8290E51D1ABC36" ID-CoL="4aa7ce74-cca0-4944-9aed-9515fce72ab4" authority="J. E. Gray, 1838" authorityName="J. E. Gray" authorityYear="1838" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Scotophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">Scotophilus javanicus J. E. Gray, 1838</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FCD890B21A03BC36" box="[804,1027,1771,1796]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FCD890B21A03BC36" blockId="21.[725,1318,1724,2151]" box="[804,1027,1771,1796]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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<materialsCitation id="74FC3CA3FFEE6A51FCD890B21A00BC36" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783319368" box="[804,1024,1771,1796]" country="Indonesia" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" stateProvince="Java">
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<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFEE6A51FCD890B21D62BC36" box="[804,866,1771,1796]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Java</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51FC8F90B21A00BC36" box="[883,1024,1771,1796]" name="Indonesia" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FD2A91521B03B21F" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="discussion">
|
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FD2A91521B03B21F" blockId="21.[725,1318,1724,2151]" lastBlockId="21.[113,1321,2158,3494]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
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Pipustrellus javanicus has included
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FB6791521B26BC1E" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[1179,1318,1803,1836]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abramus">P. abramus</taxonomicName>
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as a subspecies, but they are now regarded as distinct species based on morphology.
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<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FD2A91D81DE6BC90" authority="(Gray, 1838)" box="[726,998,1921,1954]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipustrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">Piprstrellus javanicus</taxonomicName>
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||
was previously known as P. tralatitius, which is regarded as a nomen dubium (dubious name). Populations in the
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<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51FCCA91AE1DD1B32A" box="[822,977,2039,2072]" name="Philippines" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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||
might represent two or more cryptic species, indicated by clear separation between large and small variants across the islands. There might be a number of species currently recognized under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FB149E371ED3B385" authority="(Gray, 1838)" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipustrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">P. javanicus</taxonomicName>
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||
throughoutits distribution. Subspecies camortae, babu, and peguensis have been considered distinct species, but they are considered subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FC0D9EE41A8AB3EC" authority="(Gray, 1838)" box="[1009,1162,2237,2270]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipustrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">P.javanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
here based on morphology. Specimens previously attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FCAD9EBC1DEEB234" authority="(Gray, 1838)" box="[849,1006,2277,2310]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipustrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="javanicus">P. javanicus</taxonomicName>
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||
from
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||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51FBB49EBC1AEDB234" box="[1096,1261,2277,2310]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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||
are now considered to have been misidentified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FD379F551D7FB21F" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[715,895,2316,2349]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coromandra">P. coromandra</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Five subspecies recognized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FF8D9F6C1D8EB034" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="distribution">
|
||
<caption id="90EB6676FFEE6A51FF8D9F6C1D8EB034" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6397846" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6397846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6397846/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" targetBox="[111,702,1736,2150]" targetPageId="21">
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<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FF8D9F6C1C02B264" blockId="21.[113,1321,2158,3494]" box="[113,514,2357,2390]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FF8D9F6C1C02B264" bold="true" box="[113,514,2357,2390]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FF8D9F021AB1B296" blockId="21.[113,1321,2158,3494]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FF8D9F021AB1B296" authority=". E. Gray, 1838" authorityName=". E. Gray" authorityYear="1838" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pipustrellus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="javanicus" subSpecies="javanicusj">P.j.javanicusJ.E.Gray,1838—PeninsularMalaysia,Singapore,Sumatra,Bangka,Borneo,Java,Sulawesi,Flores,Timor,andKarakelong;possiblyalsototheAruIs.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FF8D9FF31CA7B170" blockId="21.[113,1321,2158,3494]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FF8D9FF31CA7B170" authority="Thomas, 1915" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pipustrellus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="javanicus" subSpecies="babu">P.j.babuThomas,1915—NPakistan(KhyberPakhtunkhwaandPunjab),NIndia(HimachalPradesh,Uttarakhand,MadhyaPradesh,Maharashtra,Sikkim,WestBengal,Assam,Meghalaya,Nagaland,andManipur),extremeSWCinna(Tibet[=Xizang]),Nepal,Bhutan,andBangladesh.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FF8E9C151D9FB15B" blockId="21.[113,1321,2158,3494]" box="[114,927,2636,2665]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FF8E9C151D9FB15B" authority="G. S. Miller, 1902" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1902" box="[114,927,2636,2665]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pipustrellus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="javanicus" subSpecies="camortae">P.j.camortaeG.S.Miller,1902—AndamanandNicobarIs.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FF8E9C361D18B18A" blockId="21.[113,1321,2158,3494]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FF8E9C361D18B18A" authority="Waterhouse, 1845" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1845" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pipustrellus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="javanicus" subSpecies="meyeni">P.j.meyeniWaterhouse,1845—Philippines(Luzon,Mindoro,Sibuyan,Negros,Panay,Camiguin,Mindanao,Palawan,andReinardIs).</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FF8F9C981D8EB034" blockId="21.[113,1321,2158,3494]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FF8F9C981FD9B1EC" authority="Sinha, 1969" authorityName="Sinha" authorityYear="1969" box="[115,473,2753,2782]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Pipustrellus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="javanicus" subSpecies="peguensis">P. j. peguensis Sinha, 1969</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51FDFD9C981C85B1EC" box="[513,645,2753,2782]" name="Myanmar" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, SC
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51FD369C981D1FB1EC" box="[714,799,2753,2782]" name="China" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFEE6A51FCC49C981DABB1EC" box="[824,939,2753,2782]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51FC3B9C981A48B1EC" box="[967,1096,2753,2782]" name="Thailand" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51FBA79C981A9EB1EC" box="[1115,1182,2753,2782]" name="Laos" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51FB529C981B26B1EC" box="[1198,1318,2753,2782]" name="Vietnam" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(including Cat Ba and Cu Lao Cham Is), and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51FD0B9CB01D8AB034" box="[759,906,2793,2822]" name="Cambodia" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FF8E9D551C32B694" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FF8E9D551C32B694" blockId="21.[113,1321,2158,3494]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FF8E9D551F72B01F" bold="true" box="[114,370,2828,2861]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Head-body 40-55 mm, tail 26-40 mm, ear 5-15 mm, hindfoot 3-10 mm, forearm 29-3-37 mm; weight 4-1-8 g. Dorsal pelage of the Javan Pipistrelle ranges from chestnut to dark brown, with pale brown hairs frosted throughout (might be sexually dimorphic with males dark or medium brown and females chestnut); ventral pelage is more buffy brown or paler brown than dorsum, with black bases to hairs. Muzzle is broad and appears swollen; head is flat, with no noticeable forehead. Ears, face, and membranes are brown. Ears are short and subtriangular, with broadly rounded tips; tragus is only slightly curved, with rounded tip, gradually narrowing along terminal one-half. Uropatagium extends from calcar to nearly tail tip; only extreme tip is free. Penis is moderately long (more than
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFFEE6A51FCF19A361D62B7A2" box="[781,866,3183,3216]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Baculum (5-1-5-8 mm long) 1s bilobated at base, with thin shaft and bifurcated tip. Skull is relatively large; braincase is more domed than in the Indian Pipistrelle (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03944D7DFFEE6A51FD0F9AE71DB1B7ED" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[755,945,3262,3295]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coromandra">P. coromandra</taxonomicName>
|
||
); zygomatic arches are thin and lack processes; I?is bicuspid, and I’ is unicuspid and subequal in height to second cusp of 1%; C! usually has secondary cusp; P? is subequal in crown area to I® and is variably nearly within tooth row or extruded inward; and lower molars are nyctalodont. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 38 and FN = 48 (Mount Isarog,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51FBAF9B051AF2B64F" box="[1107,1266,3420,3453]" name="Philippines" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
) or 2n = 34 and FN = 46 (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51FE5A9BDC1C25B694" box="[422,549,3461,3494]" name="Malaysia" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FA9B977717FFBA44" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FA9B977717FFBA44" blockId="21.[1381,2591,302,1164]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FA9B97771BD6BA7D" bold="true" box="[1383,1494,302,335]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Primary and secondary forests including mossy and montane forests, agricultural areas, plantations, and urban areas from sea level up to elevations of ¢.
|
||
<quantity id="036C9B1BFFEE6A51F671970017FBBA44" box="[2445,2555,345,374]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.38" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" unit="m" value="2380.0">2380 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FA9B972417E2BAF7" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FA9B972417E2BAF7" blockId="21.[1381,2591,302,1164]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FA9B9724186CBAAC" bold="true" box="[1383,1644,381,414]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Javan Pipistrelles are insectivorous. Stomach samples in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51F63C97241BB1BAF7" name="Philippines" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
contained limbs and wings of digested insects and unidentified yellow flesh.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FA9B97921405BADE" box="[1383,2565,459,492]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FA9B97921405BADE" blockId="21.[1381,2591,302,1164]" box="[1383,2565,459,492]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FA9B97921BEEBADE" bold="true" box="[1383,1518,459,492]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Litter size is 1-2 young. There might be three breeding seasons each year.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FA9A97AA1626B9B8" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FA9A97AA1626B9B8" blockId="21.[1381,2591,302,1164]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FA9A97AA1852B926" bold="true" box="[1382,1618,499,532]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Javan Pipistrelle is nocturnal. It has been recorded roosting in tree ferns, fallen logs, and caves and on buildings. Search-call shape is FM/QCF. In
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFEE6A51FA949418185DB950" box="[1384,1629,577,610]" country="Philippines" name="Laguna" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Laguna Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Luzon Island, northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51F82B94181677B950" box="[2007,2167,577,610]" name="Philippines" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
, mean call frequencies were 43.7 kHz (large form) and 41-9 kHz (small form).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FA9494C918A0B81B" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FA9494C918A0B81B" blockId="21.[1381,2591,302,1164]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FA9494C9161DB983" bold="true" box="[1384,2077,656,689]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Colonies contain 5-6 individuals. In Valencia City, Mindanao Island, southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="BC83766EFFEE6A51F83D94EE1661B9EA" box="[1985,2145,695,728]" name="Philippines" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Javan Pipistrelles roosted with the Yellow-faced Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus virgo) and the Diadem Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros diadema).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FA9595771728B8F7" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FA9595771728B8F7" blockId="21.[1381,2591,302,1164]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FA95957718C6B87D" bold="true" box="[1385,1734,814,847]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Javan Pipistrelle is widespread and common throughoutits distribution. It might be locally threatened by habitat destruction, butit seems to be relatively tolerant of human disturbance and is commonly recorded in plantations and urban areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8C8E6575FFEE6A51FA96958D1411BFB8" pageId="21" pageNumber="779" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="C42B36FEFFEE6A51FA96958D1411BFB8" blockId="21.[1381,2591,302,1164]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6E0EAECFFEE6A51FA96958D1BFDB8DF" bold="true" box="[1386,1533,980,1005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Bates & Harrison (1997), Bates et al. (2005), Benda & Gaisler (2015), Chan et al. (2009), Corbet & Hill (1992), Das (1990, 2003), Flannery (1995a), Francis (2008a), Francis, Rosell-Ambal, Tabaranza, Heaney et al. (2008), Furey, Mackie & Racey (2011), Furey, Phauk et al. (2012), Heaney, Balete, Dolar et al. (1998), Heaney, Balete & Rickart (2016), Heaney, Balete, Rickart, Utzurrum & Gonzales (1999), Hill & Harrison (1987), Kruskop (2013a),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0650F81CFFEE6A51F6109213141DBF51" box="[2540,2589,1098,1123]" country="Russia" name="Sakha" pageId="21" pageNumber="779">Saha</collectingRegion>
|
||
et al. (2017b), Sinha (1990), Smith & Xie Yan (2008), Srinivasulu & Srinivasulu (2005, 2012), Srinivasulu et al. (2017).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |